• To identify this receptor we selected a monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed to the surface of B95a cells which inhibits MV binding and contamination and identified the acknowledged molecule as SLAM (CD150). (careersfromscience.org)
  • It was discovered in the late 1970s and was originally known as leu-3 and T4 (after the OKT4 monoclonal antibody that reacted with it) before being named CD4 in 1984. (wikidoc.org)
  • In the past year, four antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) were approved, nearly doubling the marketed ADCs in oncology. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Graves' Disease results from the production of autoantibodies against receptors for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on thyroid epithelial cells, and represents the prototype for numerous autoimmune diseases caused by autoantibodies that bind to organ-specific cell membrane antigens. (silverchair.com)
  • The info suggest that proliferation inhibition induced by MV get in touch with is in addition to the existence or absence of the virus-binding receptors SLAM and CD46. (careersfromscience.org)
  • Wild-type MV strains WTFb and Wü5679 (same as TC5679 in reference 35) were isolated from patients with acute measles (Erlangen Germany 1990 and Würzburg Germany 1996 respectively [35]) and propagated on BJAB cells since these cells in contrast to B95a cells do not IDH-C227 contain EBV and express CD46 and SLAM and therefore do not exert a selective pressure for one of the receptors. (careersfromscience.org)
  • The efficacy of a therapeutic antibody depends on the Fab fragment and its binding activity to the target antigen, but also depends on the Fc fragment and its interaction with key Fc receptors.Therefore, candidates must be tested against a panel of receptors during antibody engineering. (acrobiosystems.com)
  • For example, production of autoantibodies that bind to and stimulate the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor cause the thyrotoxicosis of Graves' Disease, and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody in Graves' and Hashimoto's thyroiditis is thought to inhibit thyroid function and promote complement deposition and thyroid destruction ( 2 ). (silverchair.com)
  • One aspect of the viral immunosuppression is the proliferation inhibition in response to mitogens T-cell receptor cross-linking or recall antigens of IDH-C227 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from patients (ex vivo) and in vitro. (careersfromscience.org)
  • CD46 (3 16 23 It has been exhibited that MV can efficiently be isolated from patients using B-cell lines such as B95a (19) which lack a complete CD46 (15 28 indicating the presence of another receptor. (careersfromscience.org)
  • CD4 is a co-receptor of the T cell receptor (TCR) and assists the latter in communicating with antigen-presenting cells . (wikidoc.org)
  • One of the major reasons behind the limited success of vaccine candidates against all forms of leishmaniasis is the inability of parasitic antigens to induce robust cell-mediated immunity and immunological memory. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we find, for the first time, that the adjuvantation of whole-killed Leishmania vaccine (Leishvacc) with anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies enhances CD4+ T cells mediated immunity in vaccinated mice and provides protection against wild-type parasites. (bvsalud.org)
  • The antibody adjuvanted vaccine also promoted the generation of IgG2a-mediated protective humoral immunity in vaccinated mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • Further, the mice vaccinated with antibodies adjuvanted vaccine showed strong resilience against metacyclic forms of L. donovani parasites as we observed reduced clinical features such as splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, granulomatous tissues in the liver, and parasitic load in their spleen. (bvsalud.org)
  • The findings of this study demonstrate that the anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies have potential to increase the protective efficacy of the whole-killed Leishmania vaccine, and opens up a new gateway to diversify the roles of immune checkpoints in vaccine development against leishmaniasis. (bvsalud.org)
  • PRR on myeloid cells can be triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), but also indirectly by secondary mechanisms such as complement activation and circulating antibodies (Abs), resulting in cytolytic and phagocytic effector mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
  • These results provide evidence that tolerance is not actively acquired to organ-specific antigens in the preimmune B cell repertoire, underscoring the importance of maintaining tolerance to such antigens by other mechanisms. (silverchair.com)
  • [1] In humans, the CD4 protein is encoded by the CD4 gene . (wikidoc.org)
  • The TCR complex and CD4 each bind to distinct regions of the antigen-presenting MHCII molecule - α1/β1 and β2, respectively. (wikidoc.org)
  • Interestingly, the most primordial defense responses employed by myeloid cells against pathogens, such as complement activation, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, actually seem to favor cancer progression. (frontiersin.org)
  • IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 by antigen experienced CD4+ T cells, and also enhanced their rate of conversion into their memory phenotypes against Leishvacc antigens. (bvsalud.org)
  • The role of an intact endothelial barrier in sequestering organ-specific antigens from circulating preimmune B cells is discussed. (silverchair.com)
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS Antibodies cells and viruses. (careersfromscience.org)
  • Setting the corresponding isotype control antibody to detect non-specific binding can reduce the generation of false positive results and evaluate the possible influencing factors accurately in the drug development process. (acrobiosystems.com)
  • It is rapidly induced on naive lymphocytes after activation and cross-linking antibodies to SLAM stimulate B-and T-cell proliferation (2 7 32 Since SLAM is usually a signal-transducing molecule the antiproliferative effect exerted by MV contact to the cell surface of lymphocytes could possibly be mediated by IDH-C227 SLAM. (careersfromscience.org)
  • To study how humoral tolerance is normally maintained to organ-specific membrane antigens, transgenic mice were generated selectively expressing membrane-bound hen egg lysozyme (mHEL) on the thyroid epithelium. (silverchair.com)
  • Antibodies of the human IgG1 isotype are commonly used for therapeutic applications as they can mediate multiple effector functions including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and direct apoptosis induction (1-3) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • Setting the corresponding isotype control antibody to detect non-specific binding can reduce the generation of false positive results and evaluate the possible influencing factors accurately in the drug development process. (acrobiosystems.com.cn)
  • We have also discovered new anti-ceramide monoclonal antibodies, that have therapeutic use preferably in humanized form to treat or prevent these diseases. (justia.com)
  • The efficacy of a therapeutic antibody depends on the Fab fragment and its binding activity to the target antigen, but also depends on the Fc fragment and its interaction with key Fc receptors.Therefore, candidates must be tested against a panel of receptors during antibody engineering. (acrobiosystems.com.cn)
  • We further investigated IgG1 binding to natural killer (NK) cells and NK cell activation during ADCC induction to elucidate the mechanism by which low-fucose IgG1 induces ADCC upon target cells with low antigen expression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The quantitative analysis revealed that fucose depletion could reduce the antigen amount on target cells required for constant degrees of ADCC induction by 10-fold for CC chemokine receptor 4 and 3-fold for CD20. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Our data showed that fucose removal from IgG1 could reduce the antigen amount required for ADCC induction via efficient recruitment and activation of NK cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Notably, sufficient antibody responses were acquired by half the amount of WPV without causing fever, suggesting that excessive immune responses to trigger the febrile response is not required for acquired immunity induction. (hokudai.ac.jp)
  • In this report, we investigated the relationship between enhanced ADCC and antigen density on target cells using IgG1 antibodies with reduced fucose. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Using EL4 cell-derived transfectants with differential expression levels of exogenous human CC chemokine receptor 4 or human CD20 as target cells, ADCC of fucose variants of chimeric IgG1 antibodies specific for these antigens were measured. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Up-regulation of an activation marker, CD69, on NK cells, particularly the CD56 dim subset, in the presence of both the antibody and target cells was much greater for the low-fucose antibodies. (aacrjournals.org)