AQP4NMOSDProteinMonoclonal antibodiesProteinsExpression of AquaporinsSerumBiotin conjugatedPolyclonal antibodyMyelinMultiple SclerosisAQP3Primary antibodyCerebrospinal fluidNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorderAQP1Small intestineOptic nerveRabbitClonePlasma membraneCellsSpectrumAutoimmuneDisordersCerebralSatralizumabDilutionSoluteIsoformsImmunofluorescenceEculizumabNeuroimmunologySystemic lupus erythemFormulationBrainPatientsConcentrationPathologyNeurologicalDistinctFrozen
AQP427
- Aquaporin-4, also known as AQP-4, is a water channel protein encoded by the AQP4 gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
- In the CNS, AQP4 is the most prevalent aquaporin channel, specifically located at the perimicrovessel astrocyte foot processes, glia limitans, and ependyma. (wikipedia.org)
- The assembly of AQP4 monomers into tetramers is similar to other aquaporin channels. (wikipedia.org)
- IHC staining of FFPE human small intestine with Aquaporin 4 antibody (clone AQP4/3324). (nsjbio.com)
- SDS-PAGE analysis of purified, BSA-free Aquaporin 4 antibody (clone AQP4/3324) as confirmation of integrity and purity. (nsjbio.com)
- Analysis of HuProt(TM) microarray containing more than 19,000 full-length human proteins using Aquaporin 4 antibody (clone AQP4/3324). (nsjbio.com)
- In skeletal muscle, AQP4 (Aquaporin 4, also known as mercurial insensitive water channel), localizes to the sarcolemma of fast-twitch muscle fibers. (nsjbio.com)
- Conclusions Our data suggest that there is no need to routinely display anti-AQP4 antibody positive NMOSD individuals with a typical demonstration for onconeural antibodies. (healthyguide.info)
- Pathogenetic antibodies focusing on the water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are found in the majority of individuals with NMO [3]. (healthyguide.info)
- Since their finding, the spectrum of medical manifestations within the CNS associated with AQP4 antibodies offers expanded [4]. (healthyguide.info)
- Regarding to these modified criteria, an NMOSD diagnosis could be established in lack of anti-AQP4 antibodies also. (healthyguide.info)
- Demographic and clinical data, including anti-AQP4 antibody status, were from individuals records. (healthyguide.info)
- Eighteen (78.3%) were woman, and 13 (56.5%) were anti-AQP4 antibody positive. (healthyguide.info)
- BACKGROUND: Antibodies to the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are reported to trigger the complement cascade, which is implicated in astrocyte damage and subsequent neuronal injury. (ox.ac.uk)
- 1 In fact, up to almost half of patients with NMOSD without aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) harbor MOG-IgG. (neurology.org)
- 2 In addition, despite comprehensive testing for aquaporin-4 antibodies, there remains a proportion of patients who phenotypically resemble those with NMOSD but are seronegative for both AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG. (neurology.org)
- Furthermore, the evidence for efficacy of rituximab, a CD20-mediated B cell-depleting monoclonal antibody, has been less compelling for MOGAD when juxtaposed with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD. (neurology.org)
- The condition is an astrocytopathy, with antibodies to the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel being detected in AQP4-IgG seropositive disease. (qxmd.com)
- MOG and AQP4 Antibodies among Children with Multiple Sclerosis and Controls. (mayo.edu)
- 9 10 ] Recently published data from India suggests that 50% of NMOSD either have aquaporin4 (AQP4) or myelin oligodendrocytes (MOG) antibodies. (lww.com)
- Methods We measured the levels of 27 cytokines/chemokines in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) after exposure to sera obtained from patients with the acute and stable phases of Fluoxymesterone anti-AQP4 antibody-positive NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD), multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls (HC) using a multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassay system. (innovation-ecosystems-agora.com)
- Abstract Objective Severe damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) allows anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibodies to access the astrocytic endfeet in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). (innovation-ecosystems-agora.com)
- The discovery of novel and disease-specific serum anti-aquaporin (AQP) 4 antibodies has clearly identified NMO as a separate disease entity from MS, and suggested that AQP4 is a specific immunological target in NMO [3]. (innovation-ecosystems-agora.com)
- A pathogenic role of anti-AQP4 antibodies in the development of NMO has been demonstrated both em in vitro /em , by the fact that caused complement-mediated astrocyte cytotoxicity [4C6], and em in vivo /em , by passive transfer experiments in animal models [7C9]. (innovation-ecosystems-agora.com)
- However, undetermined factors other than anti-AQP4 antibodies including inflammatory mediators, T and B cell involvement and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, is required to trigger the development of the disease, because the presence of serum anti-AQP4 antibodies alone is insufficient to cause NMO without inflammation [10C12]. (innovation-ecosystems-agora.com)
- For example, the CSF interleukin (IL)-6 levels in NMO patients were significantly higher compared to those in patients with MS or other non-inflammatory neurological disorders, and were significantly correlated with clinical variables, including the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, CSF glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) level and anti-AQP4 antibody titers [15C17]. (innovation-ecosystems-agora.com)
- Preliminary study on the association of AQP4 promoter polymorphism with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody positivity in southern Han Chinese patients with idiopathic demyelinating disorders of central nervous system. (cdc.gov)
NMOSD9
- SB 202190 Furthermore, absence of these antibodies in NMOSD, which is typically non-paraneoplastic, confirms their high specificity for PNS. (healthyguide.info)
- Keywords: Aquaporin-4, Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, NMOSD, Onconeural antibodies, Paraneoplastic Background Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is definitely a rare, immune-mediated, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), typically showing with relapsing optic neuritis (ON) and/or? (healthyguide.info)
- However, onconeural antibodies weren't investigated in NMOSD systematically. (healthyguide.info)
- Relating to a recommended paraneoplastic etiology in rare circumstances previously, we retrospectively investigated the prevalence of onconeural malignancies and antibodies in NMOSD individuals. (healthyguide.info)
- Positive results from phase 3 programs of 3 distinct immune system-targeted therapeutic modalities in development for NMOSD were featured at this year's meeting. (openhealthgroup.com)
- 2 3 4 5 6 ] However, a more recent population-based survey conducted in urban Mangalore has shown a prevalence of 8.3/100,000 for MS and 2.6/100,000 for neuromyelitis optic spectrum diseases (NMOSD). (lww.com)
- Research has shown that patients with NMOSD develop antibodies against a protein called aquaporin-4 in their optic nerve and spinal cord. (fdanews.com)
- The antibodies play a key role in NMOSD disease pathogenesis. (fdanews.com)
- Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations frequently are encountered in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disorders, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD). (medscape.com)
Protein10
- Antibodies will detect target protein in a few µg of a crude preparation loaded per well. (agrisera.com)
- The encoded protein is the predominant aquaporin found in brain. (antibodies-online.com)
- Aquaporin 1 is a 28-kD integral protein thought at first to be a breakdown product of the Rh polypeptide but was later shown to be a unique molecule that is abundant in erythrocytes and renal tubules. (ihcworld.com)
- I am strongly inclined to generate monoclonal antibody for this protein too and we should think about patenting it. (bicellscientific.com)
- Z- and S- score: The Z-score represents the strength of a signal that an antibody (in combination with a fluorescently-tagged anti-IgG secondary Ab) produces when binding to a particular protein on the HuProt(TM) array. (nsjbio.com)
- A portion of amino acids 254-323 from the human protein was used as the immunogen for the Aquaporin 4 antibody. (nsjbio.com)
- In neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, the immune system targets aquaporin 4, a protein that is present on astrocytes in the brain and particularly the spinal cord and optic nerves, or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), which is present on the myelin of oligodendrocytes in the same areas of the CNS and possibly other targets. (msdmanuals.com)
- We report an 82-year old female patient with encephalitis who presented with aphasia, left temporo-mesial hyperintense lesion on MRI, epileptiform discharges on spot electroencephalography, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytic pleocytosis and who showed positive HSV polymerase chain reaction in CSF as well as antibodies against contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2). (biomedcentral.com)
- Tissue or cell-specific expression of the Nek1 protein was never reported, since no anti-Nek1 antibodies were available then, and the association of Nek1 with pleiotropic abnormalities including PKD was not made in mice until later [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Association Between the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and the Level of Aquaporin-4 Protein Expression in Han and Minority Chinese with Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System. (cdc.gov)
Monoclonal antibodies3
- Abcam is leading the way in addressing this with our range of recombinant monoclonal antibodies and knockout edited cell lines for gold-standard validation. (abcam.cn)
- Two additional CD20-targeted monoclonal antibodies (to the already-approved ocrelizumab [Ocrevus®]) currently in phase 3 development, ofatumumab and ublituximab, were represented in the program. (openhealthgroup.com)
- The development of new immunosuppressant drugs and monoclonal antibodies has reduced the relapses and improved the prognosis of optic neuritis as well as an associated systemic disease. (lww.com)
Proteins9
- PIPs proteins are aquaporins which facilitate the transport of water and small neutral molecules across the cell membrane. (agrisera.com)
- AQP-4 belongs to the aquaporin family of integral membrane proteins that conduct water through the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- This gene encodes a member of the aquaporin family of intrinsic membrane proteins that function as water-selective channels in the plasma membranes of many cells. (antibodies-online.com)
- Aquaporins (AQPs) are a large family of integral membrane water transport channel proteins that facilitate the transport of water through the cell membrane. (nsjbio.com)
- Choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs) secrete most of the CSF through poorly understood mechanisms that involve aquaporins (AQPs) and various solute transport proteins like the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1). (wright.edu)
- Because of their relatively high transcript expression the present work addresses the cellular and subcellular location of AQPs 4, 7 and 9 proteins in CPECs and EP cells, using immunolabeling with validated antibodies and confocal immunofluorescence. (wright.edu)
- Takata K, Matsuzaki T, Tajika Y. Aquaporins: water channel proteins of the cell membrane. (benthamscience.com)
- The proteins also have influence on the acid-base balance and the fluid balance (e.g. aquaporins). (veganalyze.com)
- The amino acids are also composed to so-called motor respectively muscle proteins myosin and actin 3 . (veganalyze.com)
Expression of Aquaporins1
- This mechanism is regulated by the expression of aquaporins in the contractile vacuole membrane. (hindawi.com)
Serum5
- Antibodies associated with these conditions may be present in the serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and can serve as useful markers of disease. (arupconsult.com)
- Testing for the presence of antineural antibodies in both serum and CSF is recommended in most situations. (arupconsult.com)
- Immunolocalization of AQPs in roots (3-5 mm from the root tip) of 'Steptoe' plants using antibodies against HvPIP2;1 (A), HvPIP2;2 (B) and HvPIP2;5 (C). (D) Sections treated with non-immune serum. (botany.one)
- Mouse kidney inner medullary collecting duct cell line (IMCD-3) cells are grown on coverslips in 24-well plate with DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum to 95% confluency. (asn-online.org)
- Here we present a female patient with encephalitis who was tested positive for HSV DNA in CSF as well as for Caspr2 antibodies in serum. (biomedcentral.com)
Biotin conjugated3
- If you buy Antibodies supplied by MyBioSource they should be stored frozen at - 24°C for long term storage and for short term at + 5°C.Biotin conjugates can be detected by horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase substrates or anti biotin conjugated antibodies. (il-12p40.com)
- Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated antibody preparation specific for AQP-3 and Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. (biobool.com)
- Only those wells that contain AQP-3, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. (biobool.com)
Polyclonal antibody2
- The polyclonal antibody you generated for KIAA0408 is stunning! (bicellscientific.com)
- Polyclonal Antibody Branched chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKD)ab. (clonagen.com)
Myelin3
- In patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO), binding of NMO-IgG antibody to astrocytes results in uncontrolled complement activation and destruction of myelin-producing cells, leading to severe damage to the central nervous system and predominantly impacting the spinal cord and optic nerve. (physicianeditorial.com)
- Timing and Predictors of T2-Lesion Resolution in Patients With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease. (mayo.edu)
- We searched PubMed and Medline for studies published during the last 10 years with the general term "optic neuritis" and specific terms like "typical optic neuritis," "atypical optic neuritis," "multiple sclerosis," "neuromyelitis optic neuritis," and "myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody. (lww.com)
Multiple Sclerosis1
- Pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) accounts for 3%-10% of all patients diagnosed with MS. Complex interplay between environmental factors impacts the risk for MS and may also affect disease course. (qxmd.com)
AQP31
- Although most aquaporins are only permeable to water, AQP3, AQP7, AQP9 and one of the two AQP10 transcripts are also permeable to urea and glycerol. (nsjbio.com)
Primary antibody1
- Negative control inset: PBS instead of primary antibody to control for secondary binding. (nsjbio.com)
Cerebrospinal fluid1
- Aquaporins are involved in renal water absorption, generation of pulmonary secretions, lacrimation and the secretion and reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid and aqueous humor. (nsjbio.com)
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder2
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is a demyelinating disorder that predominantly affects the eyes and spinal cord but can affect other structures in the central nervous system (CNS) that contain aquaporin 4. (msdmanuals.com)
- Benefits of eculizumab in AQP4+ neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Subgroup analyses of the randomized controlled phase 3 PREVENT trial. (ox.ac.uk)
AQP11
- A limited number of aquaporins are found within the central nervous system (CNS): AQP1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 11, but more exclusive representation of AQP1, 4, and 9 are found in the brain and spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
Small intestine1
- This has been studied mainly in the small intestine, where different cell types such as enterocyte progenitors 4 , more differentiated secretory Bmi1 + cells 3 , or even fully differentiated Paneth cells can repopulate crypts upon injury. (nature.com)
Optic nerve1
- Aquaporin-4 is the most common aquaporin in the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. (wikipedia.org)
Rabbit1
- After treatment, cells are washed, fixed, permeablized, and incubated with anti-aquaporin 2 antibody and Alexa Flor Goat anti-rabbit IgG 488. (asn-online.org)
Clone1
- This antibody clone [RL2] is manufactured by Abcam. (abcam.cn)
Plasma membrane1
- The aquaporin-4 tetramers accumulate to transform into orthogonal arrays of particle (OAPs) in the cell plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Cells4
- While Lgr5 + cells are long-lived and act as stem cells during homeostatic conditions, experimental models have demonstrated that Lgr5 + stem cells per se are not essential for maintaining epithelial integrity 3 . (nature.com)
- IMCD-3 cells express AQP2 with an even distribution in cytosol and membrane in untreated control cells. (asn-online.org)
- Similar to vasopressin, treatment of IMCD-3 cells with imatinib also induced a profound membrane distribution. (asn-online.org)
- Inebilizumab directly targets and depletes cells that produce the antibodies. (fdanews.com)
Spectrum1
- Caspr2 antibodies in herpes simplex encephalitis: an extension of the spectrum of virus induced autoimmunity? (biomedcentral.com)
Autoimmune3
- For more information about laboratory testing for autoimmune neurologic diseases, including detailed information about panel test selection, refer to the ARUP Consult Autoimmune Neurologic Diseases - Antineural Antibody Testing topic. (arupconsult.com)
- To compare these panels and the antibodies included, refer to ARUP Autoimmune Neurology Panel Components . (arupconsult.com)
- Post herpes simplex virus (HSV) autoimmune encephalitis has been reported mainly in association with NMDA receptor antibodies, however, never with Caspr2 antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
Disorders1
- Association of the HLA-DPB1*0501 allele with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody positivity in Japanese patients with idiopathic central nervous system demyelinating disorders. (cdc.gov)
Cerebral4
- Role of aquaporin-4 in cerebral edema and stroke. (benthamscience.com)
- Igarashi H, Huber VJ, Tsujita M, Nakada T. Pretreatment with a novel aquaporin 4 inhibitor, TGN-020, significantly reduces ischemic cerebral edema. (benthamscience.com)
- Cerebral enhancement in MOG antibody-associated disease. (mayo.edu)
- Interaction of these antibodies with the NMDAR leads to cerebral dysfunction and a characteristic clinical syndrome [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Satralizumab1
- 4 , - , 7 Among these was satralizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R). (neurology.org)
Dilution2
- Please also provide information about species, application, dilution and obtained result for the reviewed antibody. (agrisera.com)
- Optimal dilution of the Aquaporin 4 antibody should be determined by the researcher. (nsjbio.com)
Solute1
- Aquaporins are multifunctional water and solute transporters highly divergent in living organisms. (benthamscience.com)
Isoforms1
- Many isoforms of aquaporin have been identified in mammals, designated AQP0through AQP10. (nsjbio.com)
Immunofluorescence1
- Anti-KCNC2 (Kv3.2) antibody is validated on mouse tissue and recommended for immunofluorescence labeling, IHC, or western blot of materials from rodent and human tissues. (bicellscientific.com)
Eculizumab1
- METHODS: In the randomized, double-blind, time-to-event, phase 3 PREVENT trial, 143 adults received eculizumab (maintenance dose, 1200 mg/2 weeks) or placebo (2:1), with stable-dose concomitant immunosuppressive therapy (IST) permitted (except rituximab and mitoxantrone). (ox.ac.uk)
Neuroimmunology1
- Journal of neuroimmunology 2012 Oct 251 (1-2): 110-3. (cdc.gov)
Systemic lupus erythem1
- Aquaporin-4-autoimmunity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A predominantly population-based study. (cdc.gov)
Formulation1
- If you require this antibody in a particular buffer formulation or a particular conjugate for your experiments, please contact [email protected] or you can find further information here . (abcam.cn)
Brain2
- Brain MRI in a patient with encephalitis and positive HSV DNA and Caspr2 antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
- Animals were sacrificed at 1, 3, 10 and 26 days after infection, the brain harvested and the cortex and hippocampus were sampled. (biomedcentral.com)
Patients4
- Testing for these antineural antibodies should be considered when patients experience subacute onset of new, unexplained neurologic symptoms. (arupconsult.com)
- Methods: : We describe two patients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody and cortical lesions. (elsevierpure.com)
- Conclusion: : Although rare, cortical involvement may exist in aquaporin-4 antibody-positive patients. (elsevierpure.com)
- For instance, one research paper reported that nearly 20% of patients were misdiagnosed with MS and that more than 50% carried the misdiagnosis for at least 3 years, while 5% were misdiagnosed for 20 years or more. (medscape.com)
Concentration1
- The concentration of AQP-3 in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve. (biobool.com)
Pathology1
- The discovery of new antibodies has improved our understanding of the pathology of the disease. (lww.com)
Neurological1
- Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are remote control effects of cancer tumor and frequently are connected with high concentrations of so-called well-characterized onconeural antibodies (anti-Hu, Yo, Ri, CV2/CRMP5, Ma1, Ma2, and amphiphysin) that help establish the medical diagnosis [6]. (healthyguide.info)
Distinct1
- Antiaquaporin4 antibodies and antimyelin oligodendrocytes antibodies are now considered as distinct entities of optic neuritis with their specific clinical presentation, neuroimaging characteristics, treatment options, and course of the disease. (lww.com)
Frozen1
- Aliquot the Aquaporin 4 antibody and store frozen at -20oC or colder. (nsjbio.com)