• Clinically, cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) are frequently used to detect these antibodies in patient serum or plasma (then referred to as anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies). (wikipedia.org)
  • Fig. 1: Serum mitogen-induced phosphorylation of PI3KC2-β induces complex formation with 14-3-3 proteins. (nature.com)
  • Recent studies reported that some patients confirmed to have sCJD had low levels of serum antibodies to NMDAR, glycine receptor, and voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The antibody is from purified rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho-peptide and non-phospho-peptide affinity columns. (affbiotech.cn)
  • 14-3-3η (eta) is a novel serum/plasma protein biomarker involved in the upregulation of inflammatory and joint damage factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • C reactive protein (CRP), an important serum marker of atherosclerotic vascular disease, has recently been reported to be active inside human atherosclerotic plaques. (bmj.com)
  • In this respect, in contrast to predictors based for each serum protein was determined by comparing the samples upon tumor characteristics at the time of surgery, serum is a par- collected at the primary operation and then 3-6 mo later. (lu.se)
  • This risk assessment was not dependent on the type of adju- decoding patterns of immunoregulatory serum proteins could re- vant therapy received by the patients. (lu.se)
  • Conse- demonstrated that this protein signature provided an added value quently, using minute amounts of nonfractionated serum (14) and compared with conventional clinical parameters. (lu.se)
  • Serum protein electrophoresis. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A serum protein electrophoresis test measures the levels of the different types of globulins and other proteins in your blood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We determined the serum level of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBsAg) in 273 randomly selected 7-9-year-old schoolchildren from Zanjan City, Islamic Republic of Iran, who had been fully vaccinated against hepatitis B starting at birth. (who.int)
  • Membrane was probed with 2.0 µg/mL of Rabbit Anti LC3B Monoclonal Antibody (1251A) (NBP2-46892) followed by HRP-conjugated Secondary Antibody (HAF008) . (novusbio.com)
  • Membrane was probed with 0.05 µg/mL of Mouse Anti- GAPDH/G3PDH Monoclonal Antibody (MAB5718) followed by HRP-conjugated Secondary Antibody (HAF007) . (novusbio.com)
  • YAP siRNA and ranibizumab, a VEGF monoclonal antibody, were injected intravitreally in CNV mice. (molvis.org)
  • Ranibizumab (RBZ, trade name Lucentis) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody. (molvis.org)
  • Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are autoantibodies (antibodies to an individual's own proteins) that are directed against peptides and proteins that are citrullinated. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most promising Ags were submitted to a more in-depth biophysical investigation of their structure and conformation stability, and for their capacity to interact with neutralising antibodies (Abs) and peptides. (europa.eu)
  • Finally, the authors stress the importance and continued commitment to training the next generation of biotransformation scientists who are not only experienced in the metabolism of conventional small molecule therapeutics, but are also equipped to tackle emerging challenges associated with new drug discovery modalities including peptides, protein degraders, and antibodies. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Moreover, analysis of the correlation of anti-CCP antibody titre with RA disease activity yielded conflicting results. (wikipedia.org)
  • The presence of autoantibodies against citrullinated proteins in rheumatoid arthritis patients was first described in the mid-1970s when the biochemical basis of antibody reactivity against keratin and filaggrin was investigated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Western blot and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) were used to examine the reactivity of rFg14-3-3e protein to anti- F. gigantica and anti-rFg14-3-3e antibodies, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 14-3-3η has been shown to induce inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1 and -6, and is linked to the process of joint damage as it also induces factors such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 6. Antigens - Substance that induces antibody production and interacts with it in a specific way. (who.int)
  • Consider if the loading control antibody is suitable for direct conjugation or requires the addition of a conjugated secondary antibody for indirect detection of the loading control. (novusbio.com)
  • We report on the cloning and expression of a recombinant F. gigantica 14-3-3 epsilon protein (rFg14-3-3e), and testing its effects on specific functions of goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide encompassing a sequence within the C-term region of human 14-3-3 epsilon. (neusilin.com)
  • Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) dominate intracellular molecules to perform a series of tasks such as transcriptional regulation, information transduction, and drug signalling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 14-3-3 proteins belong to a family of seven isoforms known to bind to and regulate the biologic activity of various intracellular proteins [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Blocking the interaction between PIF7 and 14-3-3 proteins or reducing the expression of 14-3-3 proteins accelerates shade-induced nuclear localization and de-phosphorylation of PIF7, and enhances the shade phenotype. (elifesciences.org)
  • It can also correctly predict the protein interaction of cell and tumor information contained in one-core network and crossover network.The SDNN-PPI proposed in this paper not only explores the mechanism of protein-protein interaction, but also provides new ideas for drug design and disease prevention. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The number of studies that have used protein interaction discovery approaches for identification of associated factors is overwhelming. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Upon addition of a sample containing the analyte of interest, a NP-protein-analyte complex is formed in the test device that is captured on the REA chip, for example, via streptavidin-biotin interaction. (hindawi.com)
  • The two main types of blood proteins are globulins and albumin . (medlineplus.gov)
  • This causes it to bind 14-3-3 and results in its dissociation from mTORC1, freeing up mTOR to regulate (positively or negatively) protein synthesis. (rndsystems.com)
  • 14-3-3 proteins directly regulate CaMKKalpha when the enzyme is phosphorylated by protein kinase A on either Ser74 or Ser475. (cusabio.com)
  • it still remains to be determined if there are more proteins that can regulate the RPs-MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
  • Also, this recombinant protein promoted the release of NO and cell apoptosis, and inhibited the proliferation and migration of goat PBMCs and suppressed monocyte phagocytosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag. (cusabio.com)
  • p-Tau-Ser356 and PP2A-alpha (MAB1653) levels were normalized to the total amount of β-actin (NB600-501) protein in the brain tissue of diabetic (D) rats injected with insulin receptor inhibitor IOMe and treated with NSO (Nigella sativa oil). (novusbio.com)
  • We have developed antibodies that recognize all AMPA or all NMDA receptor variants on the surface of living neurons. (jneurosci.org)
  • AMPA receptor variants were identified with a polyclonal antibody recognizing the conserved extracellular loop region of all four AMPA receptor subunits (GluR1-4, both flip and flop ), whereas NMDA receptors were immunolabeled with a polyclonal antibody that binds to an extracellular N-terminal epitope of the NR1 subunit, common to all splice variants. (jneurosci.org)
  • Antibodies that recognize extracellular epitopes and can thus label iGluRs on living neurons are important tools for the study of receptor localization and dynamics. (jneurosci.org)
  • Absence of interleukin-1 receptor 1 increases excitatory and inhibitory scaffolding protein expression and microglial activation in the adult mouse hippocampus. (lu.se)
  • This chimeric human antibody was made using the variable domain sequences of the original VHH format, for improved compatibility with existing reagents, assays and techniques. (prosci-inc.com)
  • By serving as internal positive controls, they also show that reagents are functioning properly and efficient protein transfer to the membrane has occurred. (novusbio.com)
  • Thus fast analyses can be performed even with small sample volumes and significantly lower amounts of antibodies and reagents are required [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody ( #7074 ). (cellsignal.com)
  • Our RabMAb ® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. (abcam.com)
  • PRAS40 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human breast using Sheep Anti-Human PRAS40 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF6408) at 3 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013 ). (rndsystems.com)
  • Active PKN2 phosphorylates PI3KC2-β to trigger PI3KC2-β complex formation with inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins. (nature.com)
  • A 2006 clinical study showed that anti viral citrullinated peptide (VCP) antibodies of the IgG and IgA isotypes represent a discriminating specific marker of rheumatoid arthritis from other chronic arthritides and disease controls, suggesting an independent production of each isotype. (wikipedia.org)
  • GO enrichment analysis of the interacting proteins identified terms related to apoptosis, protein binding, locomotion, hippo signalling and leukocyte and lymphocyte differentiation, supporting the experimental findings. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The reference ranges for blood tests of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies are: Anti-CCP is part of the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Combination of anti-CCP with other serological markers like rheumatoid factor, 14-3-3η (YWHAH) not only enhances the diagnostic capture rate but together with acute phase reactants either in early disease or at the time of diagnosis may be useful in predicting future outcomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • We analysed the association of 14-3-3η with the development of clinically apparent arthritis in a cohort of subjects with arthralgia and positivity for at least one serologic marker: rheumatoid factor (RF) or anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, we published a prediction rule for the development of arthritis in rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) positive (seropositive) arthralgia patients [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween ® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight. (cellsignal.com)
  • Please refer to primary antibody product webpage for recommended antibody dilution. (cellsignal.com)
  • With direct detection, primary antibodies are conjugated directly to an enzyme, like HRP , for chemiluminescent detection or to fluorochromes including Alexa Fluor® dyes, Janelia Fluor® dyes or DyLight® dyes for fluorescent Western blotting. (novusbio.com)
  • GAS' M protein constitutes a primary target of the immune system due to its spatial configuration and dominance on the bacterial surface. (lu.se)
  • Subsequent studies demonstrated that autoantibodies from RA patients react with a series of different citrullinated antigens, including fibrinogen, deiminated Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 1 and vimentin, which is a member of the intermediate filament family of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • 8. Anti bodies - Protein substances produced on challenge by an antigen. (who.int)
  • In 1991, the World at least 6-8 years before with 3 doses of Health Organization (WHO) recommended hepatitis B vaccine starting at birth to that hepatitis B vaccination be included provide information on the effect of the in national immunization programmes in immunization strategy for hepatitis B and countries with a hepatitis B surface antigen the need for booster doses. (who.int)
  • From Protein Complexes to Subunit Backbone Fragments: a Novel Approach to Native Mass Spectrometry. (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • Unlike immunofluorescence microscopy approaches, which provide correlative information about proteins sharing cellular space, co-IP can confirm direct often high-affinity physical interactions between two proteins or protein complexes of equal or better affinity. (aacrjournals.org)
  • b) Schematic drawing of a bioanalytical REA assay before (left) and after (right) binding of AuNP-analyte complexes to the capture protein layer. (hindawi.com)
  • The project has been structured in 3 main pathways or "tracks": a Discovery track, aiming at designing gp41-based antigens (Ag) using an iterative improvement process, and two development tracks (Parenteral and Mucosal) to determine the safety and immunogenicity of the Ags and the optimal administration conditions before selecting the most promising candidate for clinical development. (europa.eu)
  • 100 proteins, including histone, actin, peroxidases, superoxide dismutase, and other components of ROS pathways, comprises the trap, and treatment with DNase 1 or proteinase K results in 100% loss of resistance to infection ( 8, 9 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. (cusabio.com)
  • We demonstrate that protein kinase N (PKN) facilitates mTORC1 signalling by repressing PI3KC2-β-mediated phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate synthesis downstream of mTORC2. (nature.com)
  • Immunofluorescent double staining was used to detect YAP cellular localization with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) antibody. (molvis.org)
  • C-RAF Antibody detects endogenous levels of total C-RAF. (affbiotech.cn)
  • Phospho-ABL1/2 (Tyr412) Antibody detects endogenous levels of ABL1/2 only when phosphorylated at Tyr393, which site historically referenced asTyr412. (affbiotech.cn)
  • In recent years, advances have permitted the purification of endogenous proteins and methods for scaling down starting material. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The validity of co-IP approaches can quickly deteriorate when forced expression of tagged proteins are used to investigate possible interactions, yet this approach, particularly when endogenous factors are assessed, can provide useful information about potential protein associations. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These tend to fall roughly into two categories: validation of putative or suspected interactions and identification of unknown associated proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Fig. 5: mTORC2 signalling triggers PKN2 activation to control PI3KC2-β phosphorylation and sequestration with 14-3-3 proteins. (nature.com)
  • Various assays were used to investigate the stimulatory effects of the purified rFg14-3-3e protein on specific functions of goat PBMCs, including cytokine secretion, proliferation, migration, nitric oxide (NO) production, phagocytosis, and apoptotic capabilities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PorB outer membrane proteins are transmembrane proteins with 8 predicted surface-exposed loops (I-VIII), which vary in length and in amino acid sequences. (cdc.gov)
  • Loading controls can be general whole cell proteins or specific markers for subcellular fractions (e.g. nucleus, mitochondria, membrane). (novusbio.com)
  • During inflammation, arginine amino acid residues can be enzymatically converted into citrulline residues in proteins such as vimentin, by a process called citrullination. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 14-3-3η isoform is expressed at higher levels in patients with arthritis compared with healthy individuals, which is thought to be related to 14-3-3η's direct ability to induce factors linked to inflammation and radiographic damage [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data suggest that rFg14-3-3e protein can influence various cellular and immunological functions of goat PBMCs in vitro and may be involved in mediating F. gigantica pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These data suggest that increases in 14-3-3 proteins mediate THC-induced neuroprotection under conditions of NMDA-induced cellular stress. (cusabio.com)
  • This involves purification of a specific protein from the pool of cellular proteins, followed by Western blotting of a suspected interacting protein ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • The dangerous fragment is normally Apixaban a zinc-dependent protease that cleaves at distinctive sites and in a serotype-specific manner a number of from the SNARE protein (SNAP-25, syntaxin and VAMP) mixed up in synaptic vesicle-mediated discharge of acetylcholine. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • SNAP-25 is normally cleaved by BoNT serotypes A, E and C1, syntaxin is normally cleaved by BoNT/C1, and VAMP is normally cleaved by the rest of the BoNT serotypes [14]. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • The extensive antigenic variability of these proteins forms the basis of the N. meningitidis serotyping scheme ( 3 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Such antibodies (Abs) circumvent antigenic escape and efficiently bind to various M types. (lu.se)
  • Several sequence analyses of these proteins have shown 4 regions with a high level of amino acid variability in loops I, V, VI, and VII (variable regions [VRs] 1-4) ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The method adopts amino acid composition (AAC), conjoint triad (CT), and auto covariance (AC) to extract global and local features of protein sequences, and leverages self-attention to enhance DNN feature extraction to more effectively accomplish the prediction of PPIs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are numerous methods for the discovery of unknown associated protein networks, with purification of the bait (the protein of interest) followed by mass spectrometry as a common theme. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We do not aim to provide an exhaustive analysis of all available techniques, but instead will highlight some of the most widely used methods for protein-protein assessment and will describe some recent advances in global protein-protein analyses that are enabling non-experts to identify interactomes of their favorite factor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Cost-effective interventions require afford- method, a new version of the ICT Pf/Pv, able methods for the rapid and accurate di- showed improved performance over previ- agnosis of malaria to ensure prompt and ous versions in Thailand [ 14 ]. (who.int)
  • rFg14-3-3e protein stimulated goat PBMCs to produce interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), corresponding with low levels of IL-4 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The detection and evaluation of concentration of influenza virus proteins in biological samples is critical in a broad range of medical and biological investigations regarding the concern over potential outbreaks of virulent influenza strains in animals and humans. (omicsonline.org)
  • This parallel detection of PB1-F2 and NP suggests that applied sensor chip technology may be amenable to an arrow immunosensor for simultaneous detection of all known influenza virus proteins in infected tissues and cells. (omicsonline.org)
  • 2000 IU/ml or 104copies/ml), hepatitis C (hepatitis C antibody positive, and HCV-RNA above the lower limit of detection of the analytical method). (who.int)
  • In 2004 ( 4 ), a paradigm shift was set in motion when neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) were described for the first time: In response to defense pathway-inducing signals, extracellular DNA (exDNA) is exported and assembled together with actin, histone, peroxidases, and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating proteins into the NET, a sticky matrix surrounding the cell. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Protein level profile of p-IRS1-Tyr612 was normalized to the total amount of β-actin (NB600-501) protein and p-AKT1-Ser473 level was normalized to the total amount of AKT1 (NBP2-01724) . (novusbio.com)
  • In the early 1980s, because of relaxed regulations for processing animal by-products, contaminated tissue, probably from sheep infected with scrapie or cattle infected with BSE, introduced the scrapie prion protein (PrP Sc ) into cattle feed. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The antibody was purified by immunogen affinity chromatography. (neusilin.com)
  • Here, we show that human Abs can induce increased Fn-binding affinity in M proteins, likely by enhancing the weak A-B domain binding. (lu.se)
  • Fig. 2: PKN2 facilitates mTORC1 activation by phosphorylating PI3KC2-β and triggering sequestration by 14-3-3 proteins. (nature.com)
  • The ABL1 protooncogene encodes a cytoplasmic and nuclear protein tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in processes of cell differentiation, cell division, cell adhesion, and stress response. (affbiotech.cn)
  • The porB gene sequence shows VR1-4, which is exclusive of PorB3 protein, and VR2-Eb, VR3-2ab, and VR4-Cc, which are typical of PorB2 (GenBank accession no. (cdc.gov)
  • The most likely origin of the porB2/3 hybrid (4, Eb, 2ab, Cc) is the acquisition of DNA that encodes a VR1-4 sequence by a meningococcus with a porB2-99 allelic variant. (cdc.gov)
  • Sequence analysis revealed that rFg14-3-3e protein had 100% identity to 14-3-3 protein from Fasciola hepatica . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The basic steps of PPIs prediction based on protein sequence consist of two parts: protein coding method and machine learning model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 22 ] utilized four categories of protein sequence information (AC, CT, LD, MAC) to encode proteins as feature vectors focusing on dimensionality reduction and proposed a new hierarchical PCA-EELM (principal component analysis-integrated extreme learning machine) model to predict protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The RA associated citrullinome has been reported to include targets from synovial fluid and tissue that range from proteases, receptors, and carrier proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using these antibodies, in conjunction with GluR2-specific and synaptophysin antibodies, we have directly localized and quantified surface-expressed native AMPA and NMDA receptors on cultured living hippocampal neurons during development. (jneurosci.org)
  • Using a quantitative cell ELISA, a dramatic increase was observed in the surface expression of AMPA receptors, but not NMDA receptors, between 3 and 10 d in culture. (jneurosci.org)
  • Immunocytochemical analysis of hippocampal neurons between 3 and 20 d in vitro shows no change in the proportion of synapses expressing NMDA receptors (∼60%) but a dramatic increase (∼50%) in the proportion of them that also express AMPA receptors. (jneurosci.org)
  • Using subunit-specific antibodies, however, it is not possible to distinguish between the absence of AMPA receptors and the lack of a particular subunit on the cell surface. (jneurosci.org)
  • To circumvent these obstacles to laboratory diagnosis, clinical and epidemiologic criteria were developed that correlate with the presence of NLVs in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis ( 14 ). (cdc.gov)
  • If their shapes are significantly altered, the proteins may be seen as antigens by the immune system, thereby generating an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fifty-four out of 87 evaluable proteins differed significantly in concentration between blood from patients and blood from healthy controls. (nih.gov)
  • FASLG was the only protein for which the concentration in blood was significantly lower in patients compared to controls and the levels correlated negatively to Ki-67 index. (nih.gov)
  • Graduate research activities involving mechanistic studies on xenobiotic toxicity invariably expose students to the field of drug metabolism, particularly in cases where xenobiotics are enzymatically bioactivated to electrophilic reactive metabolites that can covalently adduct to proteins and DNA and cause toxicity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • 3 Moreover, inflammatory markers, such as C reactive protein (CRP), are strong independent predictors of future cardiovascular risk. (bmj.com)
  • Homology modelling revealed 65% identity between rFg14-3-3e and human 14-3-3 protein YWHAE. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Testing for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • In non-fixed brain sections these antibodies gave labeling patterns similar to autoradiographic distributions with particularly high levels in the hippocampus. (jneurosci.org)
  • The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. (cusabio.com)
  • Adding antibody to a single 14-3-3 protein within the trap during the infection process, in fact, results in a 50% reduction in resistance ( 9 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • An upper respiratory tract infection from group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (eg, Streptococcus pyogenes ) often precedes the eruption by 2-3 weeks. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Streptococcal perianal dermatitis, a superficial bacterial infection of the anus and perianal skin in children, has also been linked with the appearance of guttate psoriasis. (medscape.com)
  • Purified protein derivative (PPD-tuberculin anergy) and HIV infection: Guidelines for anergy testing and management of anergic persons at risk of tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
  • 3. AIDS - a collection of different types of diseases that attack the body due HIV infection. (who.int)
  • The prevalence of infection for at least 15 years, that antibody hepatitis B carriers varies in different parts levels decrease the most among persons of the world, ranging from less than 1% to immunized at 4 years of age or younger, and 15% [ 2 ]. (who.int)
  • Antibody tests indicate you had a previous infection and that you may have some level of protection against the virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Therefore, the failure of MAbs to identify this strain may have been due to the limited accessibility of the epitope because of the alteration of the PorB protein, which might be affecting its conformation. (cdc.gov)
  • Conversely, some researchers have found that some forms of autoimmune encephalitis could be misdiagnosed as CJD, including Hashimoto's and VGKC complex antibody-associated encephalopathies ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • We performed whole transcriptome (RNA-Seq) using nerve biopsy tissues of patients with different autoimmune and inherited demyelinating neuropathies (CIDP n = 10, POEMS n = 18, DADS n = 3, CMT1 n = 3) versus healthy controls (n = 6). (bvsalud.org)