Anti tumor immunologic tumor antigen to antigen antigen of tumor. Medical search. Frequent questions

The most common application of cryoablation is to ablate solid tumors found in the lung, liver, breast, kidney and prostate. (wikipedia.org)
We believe that these data support the importance of combining a "fit" multi-tumor specific T cell approach with other T cell immuno-oncology mechanisms and represent a unique opportunity to transform treatment paradigms, especially in solid tumors. (neximmune.com)
Dr. Rezvani's lab studies the role of natural killer (NK) cells in mediating immunity against hematologic malignancies as well as solid tumors, and seeks to understand the mechanisms of tumor-induced NK cell dysfunction. (cancerprogress.live)
Findings from her lab have led to the approval and funding of Phase I/II studies of immunotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, as well as the first-in-human clinical trial of off-the-shelf CAR-transduced cord blood NK cells in patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoid malignancies. (cancerprogress.live)
Phase I study of single-agent anti-programmed death-1 (MDX-1106) in refractory solid tumors: safety, clinical activity, pharmacodynamics and immunologic correlates. (nature.com)
This review summarizes the use of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in clinical oncology to treat solid tumors with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and electrochemotherapy (ECT). (rsna.org)

While GB tumors are frequently infiltrated by natural killer (NK) cells, these are actively suppressed by the GB cells and the GB tumor microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, the composition of the immunologic tumor microenvironment undergoes changes upon radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or even after anti-angiogenic therapy ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Following stimulation, NKT cells lead to activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. (msdmanuals.com)
In this scholarly study, we looked into the way the intratumoral shot of -carrageenan impacts the tumor development and regulates tumor microenvironment in murine melanoma model and mammary cancers model. (uawildlifeschool.org)
Outcomes -Carrageenan inhibits tumor development in B16-F10 and 4T1 bearing mice To research how intratumoral shot of -carrageenan impacts tumor microenvironment, we've chosen melanoma B16-F10 and mammary cancers 4T1 as the versions. (uawildlifeschool.org)
Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist R848 alters the immune tumor microenvironment and enhances SBRT-induced antitumor efficacy in murine models of pancreatic cancer. (rochester.edu)
Stereotactic Body Radiation and Interleukin-12 Combination Therapy Eradicates Pancreatic Tumors by Repolarizing the Immune Microenvironment. (rochester.edu)
The Workshop associated with the 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), North Bethesda, MD, October 24-25, 2012 focused on targeting the tumor microenvironment as part of an integrative approach to immune-based cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
The importance of these dynamic cellular interactions in the development of cancer has stimulated strong interest in evaluating components of the tumor microenvironment as targets for cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Multiple lines of research aim to dissect the tumor microenvironment to gain insight into cancer prognosis and treatment selection, as well as to further understand the mechanisms that drive immune-based tumor rejection. (biomedcentral.com)
To support these efforts, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) held a workshop focused on targeting the tumor microenvironment as part of an integrative approach to immune-based cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
While inflammatory injury drives both fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, the tolerogenic microenvironment of the liver conveys immunosuppressive effects that encourage tumor growth. (mdpi.com)
In this short review, we summarize recent experimental and clinical evidence for these three mechanisms and other possible tumor microenvironment mechanisms that may influence tumor dormancy. (biomedcentral.com)
A tumor microenvironment that is altered (such as by frontline treatment) can mediate tumor cell entrance into, maintenance, and exit from dormancy through interaction with cells at niches, such as endothelial cells, stroma, or immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
What is very challenging about any sort of immunotherapy, and in particular the checkpoint inhibitors, is that you need to get the treating product or the immune cells into the tumor microenvironment, which in the case of prostate cancer, happens to be the bone. (urologytimes.com)
A preparative regimen is needed to remove any inhibitory immune cells, ie, regulatory T cells (Tregs) that may contribute to a hostile tumor microenvironment, thereby providing an intratumoral milieu that blocks immune cell penetration. (urologytimes.com)

T cells carry out immunologic surveillance, then proliferate and destroy newly transformed tumor cells after recognizing TAAs. (msdmanuals.com)
They carry out immunologic surveillance and then annihilate newly transformed tumor cells after identifying tumor-associated antigens. (techsling.com)

These include personalized anti-cancer vaccines (dendritic cell based) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies for gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary cancers. (mayo.edu)
We are seeing a tremendous amount of interest in using chimeric antigen receptor T [CAR T] cells as an immune approach in prostate cancer. (urologytimes.com)
So, among the challenges that everybody's looked at, with regard to chimeric antigen receptor T cells, or armored CAR T cells, which we like to call them sometimes, is that they need to be stable. (urologytimes.com)

Therapies that target these negative regulator checkpoints, such as those directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 receptor (PD-1), have demonstrated promising clinical results. (nih.gov)
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigens on target cells and lyse these cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Preclinical models predict that blockade of the coinhibitory molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) on lymphocytes results in the release of a cell cycle inhibitory checkpoint, allowing lymphocyte proliferation, tumor targeting, and regression. (snmjournals.org)
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a coinhibitory activation-induced surface receptor on T cells that functions as a major negative regulator of anti-self-immune responses. (snmjournals.org)
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) (also known as CD152) is a major negative regulator of T cell responses which interacts with the B7-1 (CD80) / B7-2 (CD86) ligands on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. (scielo.br)
Outcomes for patients with melanoma have improved over the past decade with the clinical development and approval of immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint receptors such as programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4). (biomedcentral.com)
ECT uses HVEPs to transiently increase membrane permeability, enhancing cellular cytotoxic drug uptake in tumors. (rsna.org)
Vaccination with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells elicits antigen-specific, cytotoxic T-cells in patients with malignant glioma. (nwbio.com)
Immature dendritic cells phagocytose apoptotic cells via alphavbeta5 and CD36, and cross-present antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (nwbio.com)

Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
GAITHERSBURG, Md., Aug. 10, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- NexImmune, Inc. (Nasdaq: NEXI), a biotechnology company developing a novel approach to immunotherapy designed to orchestrate a targeted immune response by directing the function of antigen-specific T cells in oncology, autoimmune and infectious diseases, today reported financial results for the second quarter of 2023. (neximmune.com)
Hence, -carrageenan may be utilized both being a powerful antitumor agent and a competent adjuvant in cancers immunotherapy. (uawildlifeschool.org)
Microspheres Encapsulating Immunotherapy Agents Target the Tumor-Draining Lymph Node in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. (rochester.edu)
To aid in this effort, SITC provides a venue to facilitate the discussion of current clinical trial results and methodologies, as well as means to collaborate on new initiatives in tumor immunology and cancer immunotherapy with the ultimate goal of improving cancer patient outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. (bcan.org)

Cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2 (also known as HCA587) is highly expressed in a wide variety of tumors and plays an active role in promoting growth and metastasis of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Co-immunoprecipitation assay was applied for detecting the endogenous interaction of MAGEC2 and TRIM28 in tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate that MAGEC2 interacts with TRIM28 in melanoma cells and MAGEC2 expression in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28. (biomedcentral.com)
The expression level of MAGEC2 protein was significantly reduced when TRIM28 was depleted in tumor cells, and no changes were observed in MAGEC2 mRNA level. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanistic studies indicate that the regulatory role of TRIM28 on MAGEC2 protein expression in tumor cells depends on proteasome-mediated pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we found that expression of MAGEC2 protein in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28, a reduction in the level of endogenous TRIM28 expression in melanoma cells resulting in significantly decreased expression of MAGEC2 protein. (biomedcentral.com)
NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
Background Dendritic cells (DC) are uniquely outfitted to catch, procedure, and present antigens from their environment. (immune-source.com)
Findings Secreted, retained cytoplasmically, and endocytosed forms of AFP use exclusive subscriber base and digesting paths, ensuing in different immunologic reactions from the caused antigen-specific Compact disc4+ and Compact disc8+ Capital t cells and between healthful contributor and HCC individuals. (immune-source.com)
In our clinical trials with our adoptive cell therapy, we have demonstrated the ability to expand AML tumor-specific T cells with combined memory and effector functions and have observed clinical responses. (neximmune.com)
Our cells exhibit potential superior potency and durability in preclinical models, combining a low dose of AIM multi-tumor expanded T cells with low doses of T-cell engaging bispecific agents, and showing synergistic tumor killing. (neximmune.com)
Preclinical data to date has been consistent across modalities in the ability to selectively activate and expand important tumor specific T cells with cancer cell killing capacity. (neximmune.com)
This work preceded more recent studies illustrating the how B cells transfer autoantigens to other antigen presenting cells, including dendritic cells and macrophages. (yale.edu)
Tumor Antigens Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
Despite the activity of effector cells, host immunoreactivity may fail to control tumor occurrence and growth. (msdmanuals.com)
The T cell is the primary cell responsible for direct recognition and killing of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
some cells require the presence of humoral antibodies directed against the tumor cells (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) to initiate the interactions that lead to the death of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
In contrast, suppressor T cells inhibit the immune response against tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
Natural killer (NK) cells are another population of effector cells with anti-cancer activity. (msdmanuals.com)
In contrast to CTLs, NK cells lack receptors for antigen detection but can still recognize normal cells infected with viruses and cancer cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Thus, the decreased level of class I molecule expression characteristic of many tumor cells may allow activation of NK cells and subsequent tumor lysis. (msdmanuals.com)
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are specialized CD1d-restricted T cells that recognize lipid antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
CD1d is a member of the CD1 (cluster of differentiation 1) group of glycoproteins on the surface of human antigen-presenting cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Macrophages can kill specific tumor cells when activated by a combination of factors, including lymphokines (soluble factors produced by T cells) and interferon. (msdmanuals.com)
Under certain circumstances, macrophages may present TAAs to T cells and stimulate tumor-specific immune response. (msdmanuals.com)
The goal of this research is to develop strategies to genetically engineer NK cells to enhance their in vivo anti-tumor activity and persistence. (cancerprogress.live)
Tumor vaccines: from gene therapy to dendritic cells--the emerging frontier. (nova.edu)
Gene-modified tumor cells have been employed in a vaccination setting to trigger therapeutic antitumor immunity against metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (nova.edu)
Recent studies suggest that dendritic cells may be even more potent, because these cells can efficiently present tumor antigens to effector T cells, thereby circumventing the poor antigen-presenting properties of tumor cells. (nova.edu)
Proof of concept studies using antigen-loaded dendritic cells have been performed, establishing clear evidence of vaccine safety and bioactivity by stimulating immunologic and even clinical responses in cancer patients. (nova.edu)
By isolating immature and immunosuppressive cells from a patient's blood, transforming them into potent immune-stimulatory cells in the laboratory, and then injecting them back directly into the patient's bloodstream or tumor, these novel therapies have the potential to induce long-term tumor-specific durable responses. (mayo.edu)
Many malignant cells (such as those found in breast and stomach cancer) develop a tumor marker called the Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen. (dadamo.com)
This antigen is suppressed in normal healthy cells, much like a rock is covered over by water at high tide. (dadamo.com)
Healthy cells do not normally express the T or Tn antigen, which are 'encrypted' or covered up by polysaccharides much the same way that a rock is covered by water at high tide. (dadamo.com)
In malignant or pre-malignant cells, the ability to synthesize the polysaccharides which normally cover the T antigen is often lost, which causes T to be 'expressed' or uncovered, much like a falling tide will often uncover previously hidden rocks at a low tide. (dadamo.com)
In this example, the T and Tn antigens are the stumps found in cancer, while the well-groomed yard has bushes, shrubs, and flowers, that correspond to the ABO markers and other antigens found on healthy cells. (dadamo.com)
One of the functions of these T and Tn antigens is to promote cancer cell adhesion----the ability for the cancer cell to stick to other cells including healthy cells. (dadamo.com)
Everyone has preexisting anti-T and anti-Tn antibodies, or a built in immune system response against cells with these markers. (dadamo.com)
Studying novel approaches to enhance adaptive immune responses against cancer, including manipulating checkpoint blockades, and in situ vaccine strategies to mobilize and activate dendritic cells (DC) to present tumor-associated antigens. (mssm.edu)
Targeted blockade of the checkpoint molecule programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) can activate tumor-specific T cells to destroy tumors, whereas targeted potentiation of PD-1 is expected to suppress autoreactive T cells and alleviate autoimmune diseases. (nature.com)
Myeloid-derived cells comprising the tumor stroma represent a heterogeneous population of cells critical to the structure, function and growth of established cancers. (gsea-msigdb.org)
We have recently found that engineering tumor-specific CD8+ T cells to secrete IL-12 (IL-12TD) can lead to striking improvements in T-cell activity against established melanomas in murine models. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Surprisingly, IL-12-dependent enhancement of CD8+ T-cell anti-tumor function did not occur through direct ligation of receptors on lymphocytes or NK cells. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Instead, IL-12 sensitized host bone marrow-derived tumor-stromal cells, partly through interferon-gamma, to indirectly enhance the effects of adoptively-transferred T cells. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Direct presentation of antigen by tumor was not necessary, but MHC class I expression on endogenous cells was essential for IL-12 mediated anti-tumor enhancements. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Upon successful treatment with IL-12TD cells, we observed the selective elimination of tumor-infiltrating CD11b+ F4/80+ macrophages, CD11b+/ClassII+/CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD11b+/Ly6C+/Ly6G- but not CD11b+/Ly6C+/Ly6G+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells within regressing lesions. (gsea-msigdb.org)
These results are consistent with a model whereby IL-12 triggers the maturation of myeloid-derived cells into competent antigen cross-presenting cells. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Licensed recognition of these antigens by effector T cells may in turn trigger the collapse of the tumor stroma and aid in the regression of large vascularized lesions. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Established tumors are complex, heterogeneous masses composed of malignant cells admixed with a variety of non-transformed host cells, including stromal cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
This elaborate web of diverse cell types fosters malignant tumor cell interactions with the tumor associated vasculature and fibroblasts as well as a variety of immune cells in support of tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The prevention of immune cell access into the tumor, the accumulation of inhibitory FoxP3 + regulatory T cells (Treg) and/or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), the activation of negative immunoregulatory pathways, and the dysregulation of effector T cells are all mechanisms by which tumors evade the host immune system. (biomedcentral.com)
It provides a dominant negative signaling to T cells on binding to the costimulatory molecules CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2) expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
Cell surface CTLA4 has 100-1,000 times higher affinity for the costimulatory molecules expressed by antigen-presenting cells, thereby efficiently competing with the positive costimulatory receptor CD28 ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
Despite occasional cases of expansion of melanoma-specific T cells ( 14 , 15 ), the bulk of the data suggest that there is no detectable expansion of tumor antigen-specific lymphocytes, in particular when focusing on CD8+ T-cell responses. (snmjournals.org)
The most consistent effects in peripheral blood cells after administering anti-CTLA4 antibodies have been limited to marginal increases in the surface expression of nonspecific activation markers predominantly on CD4+ T lymphocytes ( 16 - 18 ). (snmjournals.org)
NK cells coordinate tumor immunosurveillance and the immune response against pathogens. (scielo.br)
Moreover, increasing data have shown that peripheral T-cell tolerance is an essential property of the specific immune response to tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The main focus of our laboratory is the identification of human tumor antigens recognized by human [killer T cells] inhopes of creating novel immunologic treatments for human cancer. (cancerresearch.org)
Dr. Slingluff's expertise involves identifying the tumor antigens that T cells target, and developing personalized vaccines aimed at improving these anti-cancer immune responses in patients. (cancerresearch.org)
Now although most humoral responses cannot prevent further tumor growth, effector cells like T cells have effective tumoricidal abilities. (techsling.com)
This rather fancy term means they can destroy tumor cells. (techsling.com)
Effector cell activity is inducted by other cells that present tumor-specific antigens or tumor-associated antigens on their surface. (techsling.com)
These cells are referred to as antigen-presenting cells and are supported by cytokines. (techsling.com)
In an immunoassay test for tumors, they boost anti-cancer activity by sending signals that help kill abnormal cells and elongate the lifetime of normal cells. (techsling.com)
They don't have the receptor for antigen detection but can still recognize normal cells infected with viruses or tumor cells. (techsling.com)
Accumulation of these cells in cancers inhibits antitumor immune responses. (techsling.com)
Such lymphokines include (IL-2) also known as T cell growth factor and IL-12 produced by dendritic cells and specifically induces CTLs enhancing antitumor immune responses. (techsling.com)
They are dedicated antigen-presenting cells present in barrier tissues like the skin and lymph nodes. (techsling.com)
These cells take up tumor-associated proteins, process them and then present the TAAs to T cells to stimulate the CTL response against the tumor. (techsling.com)
Different classes of these cells can mediate tumor promotion or suppression. (techsling.com)
Understanding the dormant stage of tumor cells may help in discovering ways to maintain the dormant state or permanently eliminate dormant residual disseminated tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor dormancy is a recognized clinical phenomenon in which disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) remain occult, asymptomatic, and undetectable over a prolonged period of time. (biomedcentral.com)
Dormancy can occur at the earliest stage of tumor development but also when remnant tumor cells escape treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Other challenges to this therapy include knowing the affinity of the CAR T cell for the antigen in question.Clearly, prostate-specific membrane antigen, or PSMA, has been a focal target for a variety of different approaches, including immunological approaches with vaccines and antibody-drug conjugates in addition to CAR T cells, and more recently, a theranostic approach with 177-lutetium PSMA-617. (urologytimes.com)
Genes are inserted encoding a PSMA-targeted Centyrin CAR with an iCasp9-based safely switch and DHFR to purify CAR T Cells.These T stem cell memory cells have bone marrow homing capability that may be particularly relevant to bone tropic tumors, such as prostate cancer. (urologytimes.com)
Importantly, the benefit of this platform is that it will provide immunologic memory such that the CAR T cells will persist at the site of tumor, leading to more time for the cell to elicit an antitumor response. (urologytimes.com)
Peptides derived from p190-breakpoint area are leukemia-specific antigens that may mediate an antitumor response toward p190+ leukemia cells. (hindawi.com)
Thus, from an immunologic point of view, peptides derived from p190-breakpoint area are leukemia-specific antigens that may be employed as therapeutic vaccine with the purpose to induce a T cell response toward p190+ leukemia cells. (hindawi.com)
These include the T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3), lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3), TIGIT, and B-and T-lymphocyte-associated protein (BTLA) receptors associated with T cell exhaustion and V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), a receptor found on tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. (biomedcentral.com)
C ) Numbers of cells per lymph node for 5 key T cell clusters are summarized in scatter plots with mean ± SD ( n = 5) for the 3 groups, non-tumor-bearing mice, isotype-treated mice, and anti-PD-1-treated mice. (jci.org)
Dendritic cells acquire antigen from apoptotic cells and induce class I-restricted CTLs. (nwbio.com)
Phase I/II study of vaccination with electrofused allogeneic dendritic cells/autologous tumor-derived cells in patients with stage IV renal cell carcinoma. (nwbio.com)
Babatz J, Röllig C, Löbel B, Folprecht G, Haack M, Günther H, Köhne CH, Ehninger G, Schmitz M, Bornhäuser M. Induction of cellular immune responses against carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with metastatic tumors after vaccination with altered peptide ligand-loaded dendritic cells. (nwbio.com)
Similarly, destruction of neonatally abundant pluripotent stem cells would likely have a more pervasive outcome than destruction of The value of incorporating immunologic appeared more severe and/or persistent when single lineages or differentiated cells that pre- data for the toxicologic assessment of drugs, the exposure occurred perinatally when com- dominate in adults. (cdc.gov)
GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)

Therefore, it is not surprising that physically preventing effector CD8 + T cell infiltration or inhibiting their activity once they gain access to the tumor might be a means by which tumors protect themselves from immune attack, enabling them to persist within the host. (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast to other cancers such as adenocarcinomas of the lung or melanoma, primary brain tumors like GB and low grade gliomas (LGG) are known as rather immunologically "cold" tumors, typically with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( 4 ), and the mere amount of TILs is not associated with patient survival ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Co-administration of a clinically relevant dexamethasone dosage with ablative radiotherapy reduces peripheral lymphocytes but does not alter in vivo intratumoral lymphocyte phenotype or inhibit efficacy of radiotherapy in a murine colorectal tumor model. (rochester.edu)

Particularly, negative regulators of the immune system, called immunologic checkpoints, have been found to play important roles in restraining otherwise effective anti-tumor immunologic responses. (nih.gov)
Induction of potent antitumor CTL responses by recombinant vaccinia encoding a melan-A peptide analogue. (ox.ac.uk)
There is considerable interest in the development of vaccination strategies that would elicit strong tumor-specific CTL responses in cancer patients. (ox.ac.uk)
Thus, recombinant vaccinia viruses containing mutated minigene sequences may lead to new strategies for the induction of strong tumor-specific CTL responses in cancer patients. (ox.ac.uk)
Overall, it is the goal of Dr. Mamula's laboratory to understand the mechanisms that may shift this balance toward the initiation of anti-self immune responses. (yale.edu)
The article also describes how cancer immunology is an emerging field that has resulted in new methods of treating cancer that boost the immune systems' responses against tumors. (stellarbiotics.com)
Most humoral responses cannot prevent tumor growth. (msdmanuals.com)
In that time, he studied human anti-cancer immune responses pre- and post- cancer vaccination and cytokine administration to determine why anti-tumor immune responses were not more clinically effective. (cancerprogress.live)
He received a U19 grant to develop better immunologic tools to interrogate human immune responses and ultimately patented the MHC cellular microarray to detect and functionally characterize antigen-specific T cell states. (cancerprogress.live)
The critical challenge remains to understand fully the mechanisms of action and to further optimize dendritic cell vaccines to produce effective, durable, and, ultimately, therapeutic antitumor responses. (nova.edu)
Identifying factors that control immunity and tolerance in order to direct antigen-specific immune responses for treating cancer and autoimmune disease. (mssm.edu)
Fig. 4: Anti-CD80 TKMG48 augments PD-1-binding capacities of DCs and suppresses antigen-specific T cell responses in vivo. (nature.com)
The emerging clinical data suggest that a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with CTLA4-blocking antibodies, in the range of 5%−15%, achieve durable objective tumor responses. (snmjournals.org)
Anti-HIV-1 T cell responses are evaded by continuous mutation of the virus. (scielo.br)
To assess the presence of antigen-specific immune responses to a broad panel of candidate tumor antigens. (bcan.org)

mannose receptor (Mister/Compact disc206) as the principal subscriber base path for both regular cable blood-derived AFP (nAFP) and tumor-derived AFP (tAFP) protein. (immune-source.com)
Evidence has recently been obtained that two very different recombinatorial systems for lymphocyte antigen receptor diversification appeared at the beginning of vertebrate evolution approximately 500 million years ago. (scielo.br)
Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) generate a diverse repertoire of B and T cell antigen receptors through the rearrangement of immunoglobulin V, D, and J gene fragments, whereas jawless fish (agnathans) assemble diverse lymphocyte antigen receptor genes through the genomic rearrangement of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) - encoding molecules. (scielo.br)

Alternative inhibitory receptors have been identified that may be targeted for anti-tumor immune therapy, such as lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3), as have several potential target oncogenes for molecularly targeted therapy, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
Alternative inhibitory receptors have been identified that may also be targeted for anti-tumor immune therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

It is so rare to find the T antigen in healthy tissue, that we actually have antibodies against it. (dadamo.com)
These anti T and TN-antibodies are primarily induced by intestinal flora. (dadamo.com)
All humans normally possess antibodies that react with the Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) and the Tn antigens. (dadamo.com)
Anti-Thomsen Freidenreich antibodies (TFA) are typically IgM class antibodies. (dadamo.com)
Arlen M, Arlen P, Tsang A, Wang X, Gupta R. The Therapeutic Value of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Immunogenic Tumor Glycoproteins. (jcancer.org)
Monoclonal antibodies developed against immunogenic proteins (Tumor Specific Antigens/TSA's) that are expressed in human cancers, display a unique behavioral pattern. (jcancer.org)
It is required by FDA that the potential effects of tumor control and toxicity be defined using the naked antibodies produced under GMP conditions, In those situations where patients with recurrent malignancies are to be studied we have come to realize that a number of factors can influence the response to monoclonal therapy. (jcancer.org)
By generating anti-CD80 antibodies that detach CD80 from the cis -PD-L1-CD80 duplex and enable PD-L1 to engage PD-1 in the presence of CD80, we demonstrate that the targeted dissociation of cis -PD-L1-CD80 duplex elicits PD-1 function in the condition where PD-1 function is otherwise restricted. (nature.com)
Monoclonal antibodies blocking CTLA4 induce regression of immunogenic tumors in mice ( 8 ) and are being pursued as a treatment approach for patients with cancer. (snmjournals.org)
There has been a great deal of interest shown in defining the mechanisms by which anti-CTLA4 antibodies induce tumor regressions in humans. (snmjournals.org)
Based on crystallographic studies of gp120 molecules from HIV-1 and SIV and on studies of antibody structures, a number of strategies are being pursued to induce broadly neutralizing anti-gp120 antibodies. (scielo.br)
When it comes to tumors, Immunological diagnosis of foreign antigens consists of humoral mechanisms like antibodies and cellular mechanisms. (techsling.com)
These data, together with the development of new therapeutic agents directed against immune checkpoint molecules, such as anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, provide the rationale for the assessment of immunotherapeutic approaches in TNBC patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Major histocompatibility complex class III associations have also been observed, as has a high frequency of anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies. (medscape.com)

Sondak, VK & Sosman, JA 2003, ' Results of clinical trials with an allogeneic melanoma tumor cell lysate vaccine: Melacine® ', Seminars in Cancer Biology , vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 409-415. (northwestern.edu)
She is on the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant (CIBMTR) clinical trials advisory committee, a member of the BMT CTN Cell and Gene Therapy, a member of the Hematologic and Immunologic Gene & Cell Therapy Committee and serves on the ASH Task Force on Immunotherapies. (cancerprogress.live)
At Genentech from 2006-2018, Daniel focused on the clinical development of anti-angiogenic and immune modulatory targeted therapies in both early and late Development, as well as the diagnostic tools to aid their development. (cancerprogress.live)
Dr. Kankeu Fonkoua collaborates with scientists and clinicians from various disciplines to conduct clinical trials and translational studies evaluating novel rational combinations to enhance anti-tumor immune response and improve clinical outcomes. (mayo.edu)
Dr. Kankeu Fonkoua aims to establish immunologic correlates of clinical outcomes, which would increase the ability to identify and validate prognostic immune signatures and biomarkers. (mayo.edu)
Currently, he's also leading a CRI-funded clinical trial treating patients with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 checkpoint immunotherapies along with the immunoadjuvant poly ICLC. (cancerresearch.org)
We studied the relationship between KIR-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) combinations and the clinical outcomes of patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD). (cdc.gov)
However, many patients who exhibit no clinical symptoms after frontline therapy subsequently suffer, often many years later, aggressive tumor recurrence. (biomedcentral.com)

Monoclonals that we were able to develop from tumor specific proteins derived from colon and pancreas cancer were found capable of targeting those tumors to induce apoptosis. (jcancer.org)

Insight into the mechanisms of anti-tumor immunity has generated great enthusiasm for the treatment of patients with advanced melanoma. (nih.gov)
The field of Lymphocyte Surface Antigens and Activation Mechanisms is examined in two chapters. (scielo.br)
Over the past decade, numerous studies indicate that various mechanisms of tumor dormancy exist, including cellular dormancy (quiescence), angiogenic dormancy, and immunologic dormancy. (biomedcentral.com)
Three molecular mechanisms involved in tumor dormancy have been identified: cellular dormancy (quiescence or mitotic arrest), angiogenic dormancy (limited tumor size), and immunologic dormancy (immunosurveillance, balance between clearance and proliferation) (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanisms in tumor dormancy. (biomedcentral.com)

Dr. Mamula's central research interests are in investigating the early events involved with breaking immune tolerance to self proteins, both in autoimmune disease and in tumor biology. (yale.edu)
The identification of proteins and carbohydrates associated with melanoma led to development of defined antigen vaccines. (northwestern.edu)
These antigens may be cell surface proteins or may be intracellular proteins (eg, TAAs) that are expressed on the surface in combination with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
With regards to the cancers vaccine, the addition of adjuvant is normally welcomed because of which can potentiate the immune system response for an antigen, like the proteins antigens, and/or modulate it towards the required immune system response6,7. (uawildlifeschool.org)
This includes the early recognition of these immunogenic membrane proteins that can serve as diagnostic markers, and the targeting of such markers for the destruction of the tumor, primarily thru ADCC. (jcancer.org)
The monoclonals (mAbs) that we have developed against specific immunogenic tumor membrane proteins have been studied in detail. (jcancer.org)
These tumor proteins, when first defined, were referred to as tumor associated antigens. (jcancer.org)
The antigens may be cell surface proteins or maybe intracellular proteins like TAAs. (techsling.com)

In a patient with suspected or known low- or intermediate-risk bladder cancer, a clinician should consider administration of a single postoperative instillation of intravesical chemotherapy (eg, gemcitabine, mitomycin C) within 24 hours of a transurethral resection for bladder tumor (TURBT). (medscape.com)
Expansion cohorts) V. To assess the intratumoral immune response of neoadjuvant by comparing pre-treatment transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) with post-treatment cystectomy tumor specimens. (bcan.org)
This type of surgery is called a transurethral resection of a bladder tumour . (healthybladderclub.com)

With the ability of the mAbs to demonstrate therapeutic antitumor activity in those patients with relatively advanced malignancies, the term tumor specific was introduced. (jcancer.org)
Mabs capable of targeting the malignancies noted above were produced following immunization of BALBc mice with the Tumor Specific Antigens. (jcancer.org)
These tumors take into account approximately 13% of most annual cancer-related fatalities worldwide as well as for 10%-20% of fatalities from hepatobiliary malignancies[2]. (baxkyardgardener.com)

We remain confident in the potential therapeutic benefit of our AIM platform-based product candidates and their ability to significantly impact the emerging, rapidly moving field of antigen specific immunotherapies and novel combinations and look forward to providing updates in the future. (neximmune.com)
These studies have now been applied to the development of novel therapeutic approaches in developing anti-tumor vaccines in breast cancer and colon cancer. (yale.edu)
Dr. Kankeu Fonkoua's major research focus is understanding ways to integrate and exploit the synergy among therapeutic modalities to reprogram or boost the host's anti-tumor immune response. (mayo.edu)
As such we plan to eventually employ the therapeutic mAbs in combination with chemotherapy as a means of enhancing the immunogenicity of the tumor system being treated and to possibly weaken the malignant growth for easier destruction by the mAb. (jcancer.org)
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)

A lot of what we've done has been predicated on various immunologic approaches that included carbohydrate, DNA, and naked DNA vaccines, as well as antibody drug conjugates directed against a variety of cell surface targets. (urologytimes.com)

Their tumoricidal activity is termed natural because it is not induced by a specific antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
Their tumoricidal abilities are termed as natural precisely because it is not inducted by a specific antigen. (techsling.com)

Cytokines The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens (Ags). (msdmanuals.com)
Dormancy can be induced by more than one mechanism: cellular dormancy (quiescence), angiogenic dormancy (tumor mass size limit), and immunologic dormancy (immunosurveillance, balance between proliferation and apoptosis). (biomedcentral.com)

Bladder Cancer Extracellular Vesicles Elicit a CD8 T Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity. (rochester.edu)

In this study we have used a well-defined human melanoma tumor Ag system to test the possibility of translating the immunological potency of synthetic tumor antigenic peptide analogues into recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying constructs with the appropriate nucleotide substitutions. (ox.ac.uk)
Our results indicate that the use of a mutated minigene construct directing the expression of a modified melanoma tumor Ag leads to improved Ag recognition and, more importantly, to enhanced immunogenicity. (ox.ac.uk)

Cryoablation for breast cancer is typically only possible for small tumors. (wikipedia.org)
To our knowledge, this is the first time to report the role of TRIM28 in regulating the expression of cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2. (biomedcentral.com)
Women were recruited to the pilot (12 June 2020 - 22 March 2021) and expansion phases (17 October 2021 - 8 November 2022) of the Mutational Assessment of newly diagnosed breast cancer using Germline and tumour genomICs (MAGIC) study. (bvsalud.org)
As a general rule, an orderly expression of T antigens on a cancer cell usually indicates a cancer with a relatively favorable outlook. (dadamo.com)
However, a prevalence of Tn antigens (Note: Tn Antigen is actually a precursor to T antigen or a less well developed T antigen) on a cancer cell usually denotes a highly aggressive, metastatic cancer irrespective of organ or type of cancer. (dadamo.com)
The difference between the yards is largely because a cancer cell is unable to completely assemble a normal, healthy cell membrane structure like a blood type ABO antigen. (dadamo.com)
However, as a cancer cell becomes poorly differentiated, Tn antigen expression predominates. (dadamo.com)
Nevertheless the diminishment of cancers is hard to attain because of the limited region for medical procedure, advancement of drug-resistance, incident of harmful aspect cancer tumor and results vaccines5. (uawildlifeschool.org)
The advancement and evaluation of suitable adjuvant is recognized as an important concern in neuro-scientific cancer tumor immunotherapy8,9. (uawildlifeschool.org)
Radiotherapy exacerbates tumor-promoting innervation and nerve signaling in rectal cancer. (rochester.edu)
and (4) the tumor Immunoscore as a new indicator of prognosis, and predictive marker of response to cancer therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
In 2012, the world-wide occurrence of hepatobiliary cancers was 960552 situations, leading to 888330 fatalities, whereas in america, around 39880 situations of liver organ or various other biliary tract cancers had been diagnosed, including around 24312 fatalities from Fluopyram liver organ cancer tumor or CCA and 3845 fatalities from gallbladder cancers[5]. (baxkyardgardener.com)
Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy has become an immunotherapeutic backbone for treating many cancer types. (jci.org)

The host antitumor immune response can sculpt tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in a variety of ways. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor dormancy can lead to tumor recurrence locally or to metastasis at a distant site. (biomedcentral.com)

Abnormal expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules in the placenta may trigger the initiating immunologic event in this organ, which is followed by cross-reactivity with an antigen present in the skin and the characteristic cutaneous signs of the disease. (medscape.com)

Our previously announced strategic prioritization of our injectable modality (AIM INJ) underscores our commitment to delivering on the significant potential of our artificial antigen-presenting cell (aAPC) nanoparticles to drive antigen-specific T cell function beyond cell therapy approaches and oncology. (neximmune.com)
2023 FOCIS Annual Meeting poster presentation reported AIM nanoparticle expansion of EBV-specific T-cell from healthy donors and patients with MS revealed a functional defect in the EBV response of MS patients to select antigen peptide targets, which may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MS as well as other EBV related non-malignant diseases such as SLE. (neximmune.com)
T antigen only becomes 'unsuppressed' as a cell moves towards malignancy, much like the covered rock in our example becomes uncovered as the tide moves out. (dadamo.com)
It is even more rare to find a Tn antigen on a healthy cell. (dadamo.com)
So the hypothesis goes that because of the lower level of antibody against T and Tn antigens or stumps, and because of this tendency for the immune system of A's to be a bit confused or disinclined to attack Tn antigens, blood type A is at an immunologic disadvantage in attacking any cell bearing these T and Tn antigenic markers. (dadamo.com)
106?cell/mice) were injected subcutaneously in to the best dorsal flank (Fig. 1B) or injected subcutaneously into mice unwanted fat pad from the mammary gland (Fig. 1C) to determine the tumor model. (uawildlifeschool.org)
Fig. 2: Anti-CD80 TKMG48 enables PD-1 to inhibit T cell activation in the presence of CD80. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Anti-human CD80 TKMF5 enables human PD-1 to inhibit T cell activation in the presence of human CD80 by dissociating cis duplex of human PD-L1 and CD80. (nature.com)
Tumor cell dormancy may help to explain treatment resistance and recurrence or metastatic reactivation. (biomedcentral.com)
The retroviral vector transduced final CAR T cell product was often unstable, reaching the tumor-stromal interface, yet not moving beyond into the tumor. (urologytimes.com)
I. To assess for tumor-based biomarkers of response and resistance to this combination therapy using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and high-dimensional flow cytometry. (bcan.org)
Based on combined hierarchal gating and unsupervised clustering analyses, we found that anti-PD-1 therapy enhances remodeling of both B and T cell compartments toward memory phenotypes. (jci.org)
IRE uses HVEPs to cause cell death by inducing membrane disruption, and it is primarily used as a radical ablative therapy in the treatment of soft-tissue tumors in the liver, kidney, prostate, and pancreas. (rsna.org)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor in adults, without any curative treatment options available at present. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, our collaborations have generated preclinical data that highlights the potential to drive response in solid tumor indications, as well as non-malignant immunology diseases such as MS and SLE," said Kristi Jones, NexImmune's CEO. (neximmune.com)

11 ] demonstrated a substantial overall survival (OS) benefit in patients with PD-L1-positive (PD-L1 + ) metastatic or inoperable locally advanced TNBC through the addition of the anti-PD-L1 agent atezolizumab to first-line chemotherapy with nab-paclitaxel. (biomedcentral.com)

Because of an increased prevalence during pregnancy, oral tumors are also known as "granuloma gravidarum" or "pregnancy tumors. (medscape.com)

One strategy consists of using recombinant viruses encoding amino acid sequences corresponding to natural CTL-defined peptide from tumor Ags as immunogens. (ox.ac.uk)

q11) resulting in a chimeric bcr-abl (e1a2 breakpoint) fusion gene that encodes a 190 KD protein (p190) with constitutively active tyrosine kinase activity that can alter multiple signaling pathways, contributing to tumor growth and proliferation. (hindawi.com)

TNBC is not treated with endocrine therapies as ERα and PR negative tumors in general do not show benefit. (bvsalud.org)
Unlike alternative ablative therapies, electroporation does not affect the structural integrity of surrounding tissue, thereby enabling tumors in the vicinity of vital structures to be treated. (rsna.org)

It has been estimated that in about 90% of all cancers and some leukemias, T and Tn antigens are expressed and uncovered. (dadamo.com)
As a general rule, well-differentiated cancers usually have a preponderance of T antigens and less of the Tn antigens. (dadamo.com)

A lot goes on in immunological diagnosis for tumors so let's dive right in. (techsling.com)
That just about covers immunological diagnosis in tumors although it is a rather large field. (techsling.com)

Phase I and II trials in stage IV melanoma showed low-level antitumor activity, but this vaccine has its greatest promise in the adjuvant setting. (northwestern.edu)

Nevertheless, in most from the immunology and tumors tests, -carrageenan systematically was administered, such as Aldicarb sulfone for example implemented or intraperitoneally25 orally,26. (uawildlifeschool.org)

Although sometimes applied in cryosurgery through laparoscopic or open surgical approaches, most often cryoablation is performed percutaneously (through the skin and into the target tissue containing the tumor) by a medical specialist, such as an interventional radiologist. (wikipedia.org)
The area of tissue destruction created by this technique can be monitored more effectively by CT than RFA, a potential advantage when treating tumors adjacent to critical structures. (wikipedia.org)
After all neoadjuvant study therapy is administered, each subject will undergo cystectomy to evaluate pathologic response to treatment and for immunologic characterization in the resected tissue. (bcan.org)

However, studies with synthetic tumor antigenic peptides have demonstrated that introduction of single amino acid substitutions may dramatically increase their immunogenicity. (ox.ac.uk)

In fact, the T and Tn antigens, and blood type A antigens are actually immunologically considered to be quite similar because of their shared terminal sugar (N-acetylgalactosamine), and so might be readily confused by the immune system of blood type A individuals. (dadamo.com)

Seminal work from the Mamula lab elucidated the biochemical forms of autoantigens capable of breaking immunologic tolerance to intracellular autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and type 1 diabetes (T1D). (yale.edu)

We expect ongoing and future efforts combining agents that target immunologic checkpoints with other immunotherapeutic approaches, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy may additionally be beneficial. (nih.gov)
Combination of NKG2A and PD-1 Blockade Improves Radiotherapy Response in Radioresistant Tumors. (rochester.edu)

Anatomy20

Organisms12

Diseases50

Chemicals and Drugs98

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care6

Solid tumors6

Microenvironment17

Transformed tumor cells2

Chimeric antigen receptor3

Cytotoxic9

Immunotherapy6

Cells86

Effector1

Lymphocytes2

Responses15

Receptor3

Receptors2

Antibodies14

Clinical8

Induce1

Mechanisms5

Proteins8

Transurethral resection3

Malignancies3

Therapeutic5

Vaccines1

Specific antigen2

Cellular2

Immunity1

Melanoma tumor2

Cancer13

Metastasis2

Molecules1

Cell14

Malignant2

Metastatic1

Prevalence1

Peptide1

Proliferation1

Therapies2

Cancers2

Immunological2

Vaccine1

Immunology1

Tissue3

Immunogenicity1

Immunologically1

Intracellular1

Radiotherapy2