InfectionTransmit dengue and chikungunya virusesAedesDENVChikungunya virusMosquitoesNeutralizing AntibodiesVaccineSerumYellow feverOutbreaksClinicalSevere2023PathogensSerotypes of dengueRisk of dengueCases of dengueImmuneAntigenFlavivirusesSerotypeStrainsEpidemicsPlaque reduction neutralizationEndemicCross-reactiveVectorZIKVTransmissionHemorrhagicDetectionAssociated with Zika virusImmunoglobulinVaccinesPrevalenceSerologicalMake antibodiesDiagnosisDiagnosticMosquitoPandemicPatientsProteinInfectionsLaboratoryIllnessPrimarilySerologyProteinsArbovirusResponsesCharacterizationDiseasesFlavivirusIncidenceDiseaseNeutralizeGeneticEffectorTiterPreventionWorld Health Organ
Infection70
- Diagnostic testing for Zika virus infection can be accomplished using both molecular and serologic methods. (cdc.gov)
- For persons with suspected Zika virus disease, a positive real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) result confirms Zika virus infection, but a negative result does not exclude infection. (cdc.gov)
- Thus, a more conservative approach to interpreting PRNT results is now recommended to reduce the possibility of missing the diagnosis of either Zika or dengue virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- Pregnant women with laboratory evidence of a recent Zika virus infection or flavivirus infection should be evaluated and managed for possible adverse pregnancy outcomes and reported to the appropriate Zika virus pregnancy registry. (cdc.gov)
- Among flaviviruses, Zika and dengue virus share similar symptoms of infection, transmission cycles, and geographic distribution. (cdc.gov)
- Pregnant women with laboratory evidence of Zika virus infection should be evaluated and managed for possible adverse pregnancy outcomes and be reported to the U.S. Zika Pregnancy Registry or the Puerto Rico Zika Active Pregnancy Surveillance System for clinical follow-up ( 9 , 10 ). (cdc.gov)
- If serologic testing indicates recent flavivirus infection that could be caused by either Zika or dengue virus, patients should be clinically managed for both infections because they might have been infected with either virus. (cdc.gov)
- Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) result from infection by any of four serotypes of dengue viruses. (cdc.gov)
- The meetings provided up-to-date information on the current situation and agreed on a set of actions for the countries to undertake to enhance their preparedness and response capacities to Zika virus infection and its complications. (who.int)
- And today's presentation I'll be covering the new guidance for U.S laboratories testing for Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- it is not known how many of these cases are associated with Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- The best way to prevent Zika virus infection is to avoid mosquito bites by avoiding exposure and eliminating mosquito breeding areas. (cdc.gov)
- Health care providers should contact their state or local health department about testing patients with symptoms of Zika virus infection and a compatible travel history. (cdc.gov)
- In addition to mosquito-to-human transmission, Zika virus infections have been documented through intrauterine transmission resulting in congenital infection, intrapartum transmission from a viremic mother to her newborn, sexual transmission, blood transfusion, and laboratory exposure ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- Nevertheless, clinics in Brazil may not have adequate testing reliability as they rely on symptoms rather than PCR viral sequencing, which is expensive and time consuming, in many cases there may be co-infection with other similar mosquito-borne viruses. (wikipedia.org)
- The oropouche virus is responsible for causing massive, explosive outbreaks in Latin American countries, making oropouche fever the second most common arboviral infection seen in Brazil. (wikipedia.org)
- 2. Musso D, Ko AI, Baud D. Zika Virus Infection - After the Pandemic. (rjppd.org)
- Pathophysiology and Mechanisms of Zika Virus Infection in the Nervous System. (rjppd.org)
- A review on Zika virus outbreak, epidemiology, transmission and infection dynamics. (rjppd.org)
- Zika virus infection experimentally induced in a human volunteer, 442-448. (rjppd.org)
- Zika virus infection with prolonged maternal viremia and fetal brain abnormalities. (rjppd.org)
- Virus and antibody dynamics in acute West Nile virus infection. (rjppd.org)
- Following infection with one serotype, subsequent infection with a different serotype increases a person's risk of severe dengue and death. (paho.org)
- Z ported human infections indicated that clinical characteris- ika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus in the tics of infection with ZIKV included fever, headache, mal- family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus . (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- Detection of ongoing/recent dengue virus infection by both molecular (RT-PCR) and serological methods (IgM) was available in 15/19 participating laboratories. (who.int)
- Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality caused by any of four closely related virus serotypes (DENV-1,-2,-3 and -4), all of which circulate in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region. (who.int)
- Pregnant women who reside in areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission have an ongoing risk for infection throughout their pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- Health care providers should discuss reproductive life plans, including pregnancy intention and timing, with women of reproductive age in the context of the potential risks associated with Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- Evidence suggesting an association of Zika virus infection with an increased risk for congenital microcephaly and other abnormalities of the brain and eye ( 5 ) prompted the World Health Organization to declare the Zika virus outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on February 1, 2016 ( http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2016/1st-emergency-committee-zika/en/ external icon ). (cdc.gov)
- There is currently no vaccine or medication to prevent Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- Infection of the mosquito Aedes aegypti with infectious West Nile virus-antibody complexes. (unicamp.br)
- West Nile virus--17D yellow fever or dengue--2 antiserum mixtures did not produce significantly reduced infection rates in Ae. (unicamp.br)
- Many medically important and emergent arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) originated in non-human primates (NHPs), which typically show no clinical signs of infection but become viraemic and help maintain the virus in nature [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- This Health Advisory provides information on the current status of the chikungunya outbreak in Paraguay and advises on evaluating and testing travelers returning from Paraguay with signs and symptoms consistent with chikungunya virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- For patients with suspected chikungunya disease, it is important to rule out dengue virus infection because proper clinical management of dengue can improve the outcome. (cdc.gov)
- Paraguay has not reported any Zika cases in 2023 and although the risk of Zika virus infection is currently low, clinicians should consider Zika as part of the differential diagnosis for anyone who tests negative for these other pathogens. (cdc.gov)
- Suspected infection with Japanese Encephalitis virus and has travel to endemic area. (canada.ca)
- A fourfold or greater increase or decrease in titre between the acute phase and convalescent phase serum is considered to be diagnostic of infection with Japanese Encephalitis virus. (canada.ca)
- A 4 fold rise or greater in neutralizing antibody titre, is required to document a 'confirmed case' of infection with associated illness. (canada.ca)
- As the weather begins to warm across the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention wants pediatricians to know how to recognize, diagnose, and treat Zika virus infection. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Therefore, both basic infection research and diagnostic population screenings would benefit from improved methods to determine virus-neutralising activity in patient samples. (pasteur.fr)
- B cells manufacture antibodies which are exquisitely tailored protein tools critical to controlling infection. (uvm.edu)
- Alternatively, activated B cells can develop into memory B cells that persist long after infection to provide an institutional memory of those manufactured antibodies to facilitate their rapid remanufacture (or improvement) to protect against a subsequent pathogen encounter. (uvm.edu)
- His goal is to develop novel immune metrics and specific antibody tools that can be used to advance vaccine development and to understand host-pathogen interactions during viral infection or vaccination. (uvm.edu)
- Our work on dengue and zika immunology draws on an extensive bank of human vaccine clinical trial specimens and natural infection studies in partnership with the Vaccine Testing Center and other collaborators. (uvm.edu)
- 4) Transcriptional profiling of DENV virus infection (Joint College of Medicine/Engineering Biomedical Engineering grant with Donna Rizzo and John Hanley from UVM and Sam Scarpino from Northeastern). (uvm.edu)
- We propose that additional investigation into the role of ADCP in protective viral responses, the specific virus epitopes targeted by ADCP antibodies, and the types of phagocytes and Fc receptors involved in ADCP at sites of virus infection will provide insight into strategies to successfully leverage this important immune response for improved antiviral immunity through rational vaccine design. (frontiersin.org)
- and monoclonal recombinant antibodies are also currently being pursued for prevention of HIV-1 infection in large Phase IIb clinical trials (NTC02716675 and NCT02568215). (frontiersin.org)
- While several lines of evidence suggest a protective role of T cells against disease associated with Dengue virus (DENV) infection, their potential contribution to immunopathology in the acute phase of DENV infection remains controversial, and it has been hypothesized that the more severe form of the disease (dengue hemorrhagic fever, DHF) is associated with altered T cell responses. (mdpi.com)
- This is because the immune response from the first infection increases the risk of developing DHF upon re-infection, a phenomenon known as antibody-dependent enhancement. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- The primary cause of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is infection by one of the four dengue virus serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4). (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Interestingly, it's not the first infection with the dengue virus that usually causes DHF but rather a subsequent infection with a different dengue serotype. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- In ADE, antibodies from a first dengue infection fail to neutralize a second dengue virus of a different serotype during re-infection. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- The primary response of our immune system to an infection is to produce specific antibodies that can neutralize the invading pathogen. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- These antibodies will neutralize the virus and aid in its clearance, thus resolving the infection. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- The antibodies from the first infection can't neutralize the new serotype effectively. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- For instance, infants born to dengue-immune mothers are at a higher risk of severe disease due to the presence of maternal antibodies, which can enhance viral infection. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- During virus infection, the specific immune signals produced from infected cells are important for dictating the recruitment and activation of innate or adaptive immune cells that are required to fight virus infection. (nature.com)
- For SARS-CoV-2, lung epithelial cells are the primary site of infection and therefore are responsible for initiating immune responses to virus infection. (nature.com)
- In addition to direct viral sensing, cells have also evolved ways to detect the indirect effects of virus infection, such as nuclear or mitochondrial damage caused by the heavy cellular burden imposed by virus replication. (nature.com)
- Moreover, cGAS is an important molecule for regulating basal expression levels of cell-intrinsic immune genes in cells and is, therefore, a central protein in immune responses to virus infection 10 . (nature.com)
- When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. (frontiersin.org)
- Background It is to be determined whether people infected with SARS-CoV-2 will develop long-term immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and retain long-lasting protective antibodies after the infection is resolved. (researchgate.net)
- After SARS-CoV-2 infection, people are unlikely to produce long-lasting protective antibodies against this virus. (researchgate.net)
- This information is in contrast to a study in Wuhan, China that found 10% of patients lost SARS-CoV-2 antibodies within weeks of infection (12) , although different serology tests were used in this case. (researchgate.net)
- Although antibody (Ab)-mediated immunity against HIV-1 has been the focus of intense research, the role of Abs in preventing HIV-1 infection remains to be fully elucidated. (biomedcentral.com)
- Another consideration in modeling natural infection in humans is the nature of transmitted HIV-1 strains: most such viruses are relatively difficult to neutralize (tier 2 neutralization phenotype). (biomedcentral.com)
- Given that these enhanced responses are triggered by failed attempts to control the infecting virus, VAED typically presents with symptoms related to the target organ of the infection pathogen. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France. (ox.ac.uk)
- On the contrary, second dose of vaccination has been shown to produce enough antibodies against COVID-19 infection, suggestive of its efficiency. (metropolisindia.com)
Transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses3
- mosquitoes are found throughout much of the Americas, including parts of the United States, and also transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses. (cdc.gov)
- These mosquitoes can also transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
- It is spread by the yellow fever mosquito ( Aedes aegypti ) and the Asian tiger mosquito ( Aedes albopictus ), which also transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
Aedes14
- 10) Adding to the concern of indigenous dengue transmission is the recent establishment in the United States of another known dengue vector, Aedes albopictus, which was probably imported in shipments of tires from Asia. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus is transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes ( 1 , 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- Aedes albopictus mosquitoes also might transmit the virus. (cdc.gov)
- This virus is an arbovirus and is transmitted among sloths, marsupials, primates, and birds through the mosquitoes Aedes serratus and Culex quinquefaciatus. (wikipedia.org)
- In the Americas, Aedes aegypti is the mosquito vector that is the main source of dengue transmission. (paho.org)
- tory testing to the Arbovirus Diagnostic Laboratory at the Over the next 20 years, several ZIKV isolates were Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Fort obtained from Aedes spp. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- Zika virus is primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are found throughout much of the region of the Americas, including parts of the United States ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- Aedes aegypti fed through chick skin membranes on West Nile virus-homologous antiserum mixtures shown by an anti-globulin neutralization test to be highly infectious complexes (in terms of plaque formation in tissue culture) failed to become infected. (unicamp.br)
- Chikungunya virus is a mosquito-borne alphavirus transmitted by infected mosquitoes, primarily Aedes aegypti and Aedes Albopictus [2]. (cdc.gov)
- The causative agents, enveloped single-strand RNA viruses from the genus Flavivirus with 4 serotypes, are transmitted by the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. (msdmanuals.com)
- Aedes mosquitoes may acquire the virus when they feed on humans during this period. (msdmanuals.com)
- The Aedes mosquito, mainly Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, Aedes albopictus, plays a crucial role in transmitting the dengue virus, which causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Dengue is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes, with the primary vector being the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. (frontiersin.org)
DENV5
- The four dengue serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4) circulate throughout the Americas, and in some countries simultaneously. (paho.org)
- Laboratory testing with a rapid conducted at that time showed that 6.1% of the residents assay suggested that a dengue virus (DENV) was the caus- in nearby regions of Uganda had specifi c antibodies to ative agent. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- Some arboviruses, like dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV), have become fully adapted to urban cycles and no longer require NHPs, forest mosquitoes and a sylvatic cycle for their maintenance [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Dengue virus (DENV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. (frontiersin.org)
- Dengue virus (DENV) is the cause of dengue fever. (creative-biolabs.com)
Chikungunya virus6
- ONNV is genetically and serologically related to chikungunya virus (CHIKV) ( 1 ), but is restricted to the African continent. (cdc.gov)
- Dengue-like epidemics occurred in Egypt and on Java in 1779, but these may actually have been caused by chikungunya virus. (cdc.gov)
- Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and the closely related onyong-nyong virus (ONNV) are arthritogenic arboviruses that have caused significant, often debilitating, disease in millions of people. (cdc.gov)
- To prevent human-to-mosquito-to-human transmission, persons infected with Zika, dengue, or chikungunya virus should protect themselves from mosquito exposure during the first week of illness. (cdc.gov)
- In late 2013, local transmission of chikungunya virus was first detected in Caribbean countries and then quickly spread, causing large outbreaks throughout the Americas over the next several years [4-5]. (cdc.gov)
- Most people infected with chikungunya virus become symptomatic. (cdc.gov)
Mosquitoes10
- Yata Virus (Family Rhabdoviridae, Genus Ephemerovirus) Isolation from Mosquitoes from Uganda, the First Reported Isolation since 1969. (cdc.gov)
- As a part of a systematic study of mosquitoes and associated viruses in Uganda, a virus was isolated from a pool of Mansonia uniformis collected in July 2017, in the Kitgum District of northern Uganda. (cdc.gov)
- Control mosquitoes fed on West Nile virus--normal rabbit serum mixtures containing similar or smaller amounts of infectious virus were shown to become infected. (unicamp.br)
- Mosquitoes ingesting suspensions of West Nile virus previously incubated with Murray Valley encephalitis or Ntaya antiserum became infected at significantly lower rates (P = less than 0-05) than controls ingesting West Nile virus-normal rabbit serum mixtures. (unicamp.br)
- For dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever viruses, sylvatic (forest) transmission cycles also exist in some regions and involve non-human primates and forest-dwelling mosquitoes. (biomedcentral.com)
- Chikungunya and dengue viruses cocirculate in Paraguay and surrounding countries, are transmitted by the same species of mosquitoes, and have similar clinical presentations during acute illness. (cdc.gov)
- Since news of the Zika virus broke, some media outlets were reporting that pesticides used to control mosquitoes in some South American countries-not the virus itself-was responsible for microcephaly, but that theory was recently debunked . (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- Overview of Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Infections Arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) is defined as any virus that is transmitted to humans and/or other vertebrates by certain species of blood-feeding arthropods, mostly insects (flies and mosquitoes). (msdmanuals.com)
- These mosquitoes are highly adaptive to the human environment, coupled with increasing urbanization and inadequate vector control, which has led to a surge in dengue transmission in urban and semi-urban settings. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Molecular screening of dengue virus in mosquitoes collected from field for early warning signals. (ncdc.gov.in)
Neutralizing Antibodies18
- The presence of ONNV-specific neutralizing antibodies in the second serum sample was confirmed by a virus neutralization test. (cdc.gov)
- Cross-neutralizing antibodies against CHIKV were detected also, but with a notably lower titer (1:80) when compared with the ONNV titer (1:1,280) ( Table ). (cdc.gov)
- The purpose of this assignment was to assess our selected article--Isolation of Potent SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies and Protection from Disease in a Small Animal Model--in terms of accuracy, availability, and reliability. (openwetware.org)
- This assignment also served as a means for us to begin to look deeper at our selected article and learn more about SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in small animal models. (openwetware.org)
- Isolation of potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and protection from disease in a small animal model. (openwetware.org)
- 3) Defining B cell memory to Dengue and Zika and developing potent neutralizing antibodies (CDC and NIH, Collaboration with A. De Silva, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill). (uvm.edu)
- Progress in this arena, however, is being made with a new generation of merozoite antigen targets identified in recent years that exhibit relatively low levels of polymorphism and against which functional neutralizing antibodies can be raised by vaccination. (nature.com)
- The serum neutralization test confirmed that 70 of the 173 ELISA-positive sera had neutralizing antibodies against TBEV. (biomedcentral.com)
- Chunpeng Yang , Rui Gong , Natalia de Val , 2019: Development of Neutralizing Antibodies against Zika Virus Based on Its Envelope Protein Structure, Virologica Sinica, 34, 168-174. (virosin.org)
- Xue-ling WU , Chun-tao ZHANG , Xiao-ke ZHU , You-chun WANG , 2010: Detection of HPV Types and Neutralizing Antibodies in Women with Genital Warts in Tianjin City, China, Virologica Sinica, 25, 8-17. (virosin.org)
- TWiV 1045: Less Lassa, CRISPR RNA viruses September 17, 2023 TWiV reviews a Lassa virus mRNA vaccine that confers protection against disease without inducing neutralizing antibodies, and a CRISPR-based method for engineering the genome of RNA viruses. (microbe.tv)
- A key goal for HIV-1 envelope immunogen design is the induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). (biomedcentral.com)
- SHIVIG demonstrated binding to HIV Gag, Tat, and Env of different clades and competed with the broadly neutralizing antibodies b12, VRC01, 4E10, and 17b. (biomedcentral.com)
- I study the developmental pathway of HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) in longitudinal samples of super-infected individuals. (wrfseattle.org)
- These super defenses are called broadly neutralizing antibodies. (wrfseattle.org)
- With this information, I hope to design a template for a vaccine that can teach our bodies to make HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies from scratch and protect us against HIV diversity. (wrfseattle.org)
- In the first phase test of the two vaccines, high titers of neutralizing antibodies can be induced, and strong CD4+ and CD8+ reactions are produced, accompanied by mild to moderate adverse reactions. (medicaltrend.org)
- Positive and equivocal samples were confirmed for anti-ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies by virus neutralization tests. (ox.ac.uk)
Vaccine16
- Here we describe a robust, objective, and scalable Fluorescence Reduction Neutralisation Test (FluoRNT) for yellow fever virus, relying on flow cytometric detection of cells infected with a fluorescent Venus reporter containing variant of the yellow fever vaccine strain 17D (YF-17D-Venus). (pasteur.fr)
- This knowledge is critical to developing better vaccines and to develop better laboratory tests to determine whether vaccine candidates engage the immune system in a way that is likely to lead to protection. (uvm.edu)
- More recently we seek to understand how norovirus, a family of viruses for which there is no vaccine and causes significant gastrointestinal illness (vomiting and diarrhea) and hospitalization can skew the infant antibody response towards those that may not offer protection. (uvm.edu)
- 1) Defining cellular immunogenicity for dengue vaccine formulations (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, NIH). (uvm.edu)
- Antibodies are a key component of the human adaptive immune system, and the elicitation of antibodies has been correlated with vaccine efficacy in many diseases ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
- One of the most effective prevention measures against YF is vaccination with the live, attenuated YF 17D substrain virus vaccine. (cdc.gov)
- YF vaccine is recommended for persons aged ≥9 months who are traveling to or living in areas with risk for YF virus transmission [CDC 2010]. (cdc.gov)
- In the United States, the current ACIP YF vaccine recommendations note that "[International Health Regulations] require revaccination at intervals of 10 years to boost antibody titer. (cdc.gov)
- 20 Adverse reactions include local tenderness, and, infrequently, fever, "most= often [affecting] people who have had no exposure to the influenza virus antigens in the vaccine (e.g. small children). (faqs.org)
- The antibodies induced by one protein variant were shown to be qualitatively similar to responses induced by other vaccine platforms. (nature.com)
- Anti-merozoite vaccine studies have long relied on the standardized in vitro assay of growth inhibition activity (GIA) 12 , whereby purified IgG antibodies are tested against parasites cultured in human red blood cells (RBC) in the absence of other cell types. (nature.com)
- Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses. (frontiersin.org)
- As AIDS vaccine recipients will not be exposed to strains exactly matching any immunogens due to multiple HIV-1 quasispecies circulating in the human population worldwide, heterologous SHIV challenges are essential for realistic vaccine efficacy testing in primates. (biomedcentral.com)
- Classic examples of VAED are atypical measles and enhanced respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) occurring after administration of inactivated vaccine for these pathogens. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- Most SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates produce an immune response to the spike protein on the surface of the virus. (medicaltrend.org)
- When a vaccine is administered to an individual, they can make antibodies to many different parts of the virus. (metropolisindia.com)
Serum9
- The virus was first isolated in June 1959 from serum samples from febrile patients in the northern province of Uganda ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- A serum sample from the day of admission showed anti-ONNV IgM and IgG and anti-CHIKV IgM and IgG in the indirect immunofluorescence assay, according to Tappe et al. (cdc.gov)
- A 4-fold anti-ONNV IgG titer decrease in the indirect immunofluorescence assay was demonstrated in the second serum sample, which was collected 26 days after disease onset ( Table ). (cdc.gov)
- Nineteen national-level public health laboratories performed routine dengue diagnostic assays on a proficiency testing panel consisting of two modules: one containing commercial serum samples spiked with cultured dengue viruses for the detection of nucleic acid and non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (Module A) and one containing human serum samples for the detection of anti-dengue virus antibodies (Module B). A review of logistics arrangements was also conducted. (who.int)
- Laboratory diagnosis is generally accomplished by testing serum or plasma. (cdc.gov)
- The HI assay is used to measure the level of antibodies in a patient's serum that will prevent the agglutination of susceptible erythrocytes by inactivated antigens that are able to attach to the erythrocyte receptors on red blood cells. (canada.ca)
- Yellow Fever, Dengue, Powassan, etc.) detection of total anti-JE virus specific antibody in a single serum sample is indicative of past or present exposure to this agent, or a related agent from the same virus genus. (canada.ca)
- It accurately measures neutralising antibody titres in human serum samples within as little as 24 h. (pasteur.fr)
- As demonstrated in Table 3, there was no significant correlation between days of symptom onset to collection of serum and antibody index/ratio to suggest waning of antibodies during the time period tested. (researchgate.net)
Yellow fever4
- Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus closely related to dengue, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, and yellow fever viruses. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus is a single-stranded RNA virus in the genus Flavivirus and is closely related to dengue, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, and yellow fever viruses ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- Here we review the investigation methods and available data on sylvatic cycles involving non-human primates and dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever viruses in Africa, dengue viruses in Asia and yellow fever virus in the Americas. (biomedcentral.com)
- FluoRNT: A robust, efficient assay for the detection of neutralising antibodies against yellow fever virus 17D. (pasteur.fr)
Outbreaks10
- 2 million cases in east Africa alone, this first epidemic ranked among the largest mosquitoborne virus outbreaks recorded ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
- Despite the virus' potential to cause large outbreaks and its endemicity in the vast geographic area of East Africa, and at least sporadic occurrence in West Africa, imported cases to other areas have not been reported. (cdc.gov)
- 1) Outbreaks of the more severe form of dengue, DHF, occurred in Cuba in 1981 (2) and in Venezuela in 1989. (cdc.gov)
- 9) Outbreaks of indigenous dengue transmission occurred in Texas in 1980 and again in 1986. (cdc.gov)
- In light of the recent outbreaks in the Americas, the number of Zika virus disease cases among travelers visiting or returning to the United States is likely to increase. (cdc.gov)
- During outbreaks, humans are the primary amplifying host for Zika virus. (cdc.gov)
- Moreover, during the dry season there is a deceased chance of outbreaks which decreases the amount of midges this is because the amount of outbreaks is related to the number of human population that has not yet been exposed to this virus. (wikipedia.org)
- Has the threat of Zika virus outbreaks come to an end? (rjppd.org)
- In the Western Pacific Region, dengue outbreaks occur yearly in multiple countries, driven by a complex interplay of virus, vector and host biology, climatic and socioeconomic factors as well as international travel and trade. (who.int)
- In 2013, outbreaks resulted in 44 098 dengue cases in the Lao People's Democratic Republic, 39 222 cases in Malaysia, 10 548 cases in New Caledonia and 22 170 cases in Singapore. (who.int)
Clinical14
- This is important because the results of Zika and dengue virus testing will guide clinical management. (cdc.gov)
- The early history of dengue is clouded by the similarity of its clinical picture to that of other febrile illnesses. (cdc.gov)
- Prior to CDC, Dr. Ottendorfer's work experience included laboratory positions at the state public health reference laboratory at the Florida Department of Health for clinical laboratory testing and diagnosis of arboviral diseases. (cdc.gov)
- 1,2 Dengue presentation is broad and non-specific, which may confound clinical diagnosis. (who.int)
- Updated guidelines include a new recommendation to offer serologic testing to asymptomatic pregnant women (women who do not report clinical illness consistent with Zika virus disease) who have traveled to areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission. (cdc.gov)
- For pregnant women with clinical illness consistent with Zika virus disease,* testing is recommended during the first week of illness. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus also has similar clinical features and transmission patterns as chikungunya and dengue viruses. (cdc.gov)
- Patient name and / or identifier (specimen reference number), date of birth, test(s) requested, collection date of specimen, date of on-set of symptoms, and clinical and travel history of patient. (canada.ca)
- Isolation of an arbovirus, detection of specific antibody by plaque reduction neutralization assay or detection of nucleic acid by real-time RT-PCR in a clinical specimen would constitute firm evidence of viral association with illness and provide 'confirmed case' status. (canada.ca)
- DHF is marked by the unique clinical features that differentiate it from common dengue fever. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- YF virus causes an estimated 200,000 cases of clinical disease and 30,000 deaths annually [WHO 1992]. (cdc.gov)
- Virus genomics as a clinical and epidemiological tool. (cdc.gov)
- Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. (frontiersin.org)
- To confirm the dengue out-break from suspected clinical samples with the help of molecular diagnostic test (PCR/RT-PCR). (ncdc.gov.in)
Severe14
- Although the incidence of hemorrhagic dengue in United States travelers abroad is low,(13,15) clinicians in this country may encounter severe cases of dengue, particularly among immigrants from areas with a high incidence of DHF. (cdc.gov)
- 14,18,19) Nevertheless through the first half of the 20th century, dengue was generally described as a self-limited, nonfatal febrile illness, with occasional hemorrhagic manifestations such as petechiae, epistaxis, gingival bleeding and menorrhagia, that only rarely resulted in more severe or fatal outcomes. (cdc.gov)
- The illness can evolve to severe dengue, characterized by shock, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, and/or serious organ impairment. (paho.org)
- The disease can evolve into severe dengue, characterized by shock, shortness of breath, severe bleeding and / or complications in the organs. (paho.org)
- d WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus Reference and Research (Dengue/Severe Dengue), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (who.int)
- The majority (~75%) of infections in humans are asymptomatic, but a small proportion of symptomatic patients develops severe dengue characterized by rapid progression into shock, severe bleeding and/or multiorgan impairment, which leads to death if unattended or mismanaged. (who.int)
- It also highlights those at increased risk for severe disease and prevention measures to mitigate additional spread of the virus and potential importation into unaffected areas, including the United States. (cdc.gov)
- A pregnant woman can pass the dengue virus to her fetus during pregnancy or around the time of birth, although the rate of vertical transmission appears low (see World Health Organization [WHO]: Dengue and severe dengue ). (msdmanuals.com)
- It causes high fever and the typical flu-like symptoms seen in dengue and leads to severe bleeding, blood plasma leakage, and low platelet count. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Instead, they aid the virus entering host cells, enhancing its reproduction ability and leading to severe disease. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- This leads to increased viral replication, a higher viral load, and a much more severe disease, resulting in DHF or even more severe dengue shock syndrome (DSS). (tanzirislambritto.com)
- However, it has been previously shown that more severe disease produces a stronger antibody response, and thus our mild disease cohort may result in a lower sensitivity (26). (researchgate.net)
- The ability to detect antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently under investigation with various performance characteristics and indications for use. (researchgate.net)
- There are several reasons to be worried about, including faster transmission, more severe illness, decreased neutralisation by antibodies and or reduced efficiency of treatment and vaccines.The pandemic is far from over. (metropolisindia.com)
20233
- TWiV 1047: Long COVID and avian flu in ferrets September 24, 2023 TWiV explains a study of postacute sequelae of COVID-19 at 2 years, and airborne transmission of human-isolated avian H3N8 influenza virus between ferrets. (microbe.tv)
- Matters Microbial #18: The Perfect Predator: Why Phage is Rage November 30, 2023 Today Dr. Steffanie Strathdee, Associate Dean of Global Health Sciences at UC San Diego and Co-Director at the Center for Innovative Phage Applications and Therapeutics, will chat with us about how bacteriophages-viruses that attack bacteria-changed her life and are becoming part of our future. (microbe.tv)
- TWiEVO 95: Watering the viruses until they bloom November 14, 2023 Nels and Vincent discuss how the rewetting of seasonally dried soils, a critical event in Mediterranean grasslands that reactivates dormant soil microorganisms, leading to pulses of carbon and nitrogen mineralization, and is accompanied by a bloom of viral diversity, followed by extensive viral community turnover. (microbe.tv)
Pathogens3
- Further comprehensive diagnostic testing for dengue virus and other priority pathogens in the Region will be assessed during future rounds. (who.int)
- Fc receptor-dependent antibody functions are important components of the immune response that provide mechanisms for clearance of infected host cells, immune complexes, or opsonized pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
- Detection of Mpox Virus Using Microbial Cell-free DNA: the Potential of Pathogen-Agnostic Sequencing for Rapid Identification of Emerging Pathogens. (amedeo.com)
Serotypes of dengue1
- It is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito infected with one of the four serotypes of dengue virus. (paho.org)
Risk of dengue2
Cases of dengue4
- Hundreds of thousands of cases of dengue and DHF are reported each year in tropical regions of the Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania. (cdc.gov)
- From 1980 through 1987, 879 632 cases of dengue were reported to the Pan American Health Organization from countries in the American region. (cdc.gov)
- The second reason dengue should concern health care providers in this country is the potential for encountering cases of dengue among travelers arriving from dengue-endemic areas. (cdc.gov)
- 13-15) From 1980 through 1989, 1457 suspected and 276 confirmed cases of dengue in the continental United States and Hawaii were reported to the Centers for Disease Control. (cdc.gov)
Immune14
- Dr. Diehl's work in the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics encompasses translational and basic research aimed at understanding the human immune response to viral infections, primarily to dengue virus, zika virus, norovirus, and SARS-CoV-2. (uvm.edu)
- Antiviral activities of antibodies may either be dependent only on interactions between the antibody and cognate antigen, as in binding and neutralization of an infectious virion, or instead may require interactions between antibody-antigen immune complexes and immunoproteins or Fc receptor expressing immune effector cells. (frontiersin.org)
- These Fc receptor-dependent antibody functions provide a direct link between the innate and adaptive immune systems by combining the potent antiviral activity of innate effector cells with the diversity and specificity of the adaptive humoral response. (frontiersin.org)
- The Fc receptor-dependent function of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) provides mechanisms for clearance of virus and virus-infected cells, as well as for stimulation of downstream adaptive immune responses by facilitating antigen presentation, or by stimulating the secretion of inflammatory mediators. (frontiersin.org)
- Fc receptor-dependent antibody functions are also involved in activation of downstream adaptive immune responses by facilitating antigen presentation or by stimulating the secretion of inflammatory mediators ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
- When a person is infected with the dengue virus for the first time, the immune system responds by producing antibodies specific to that serotype. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Instead, they form complexes with the virus that are more readily taken up by cells involved in the immune response. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- DHF and DSS are also influenced by various other factors, such as the strain and serotype of the dengue virus, age, genetic predisposition, and the individual's immune status. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- To sum up, the cause of DHF is multi-factorial, involving not only the dengue virus and its serotypes but also the human immune response, the vector mosquito species, and various ecological factors. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Receptors for the Fc region of IgG (Fc gamma Rs) are members of the Ig superfamily that function in the activation or inhibition of immune responses such as degranulation, phagocytosis, ADCC (antibody-dependent cellular toxicity), cytokine release, and B cell proliferation (1‑3). (novusbio.com)
- Plus-strand RNA viruses have evolved numerous ways to limit or block these cellular immune pathways. (nature.com)
- This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. (frontiersin.org)
- Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. (frontiersin.org)
- My job is to learn from the patients' samples what is required to induce our immune system to make these super-effective antibodies. (wrfseattle.org)
Antigen2
- Some functions, such as neutralization, mainly depend on interaction of the Fv domain ( Figure 1A ) with antigen and are therefore predominantly Fc domain independent. (frontiersin.org)
- This allows me to test the exciting hypothesis that a non-HIV antigen may be required to elicit HIV-bnAbs. (wrfseattle.org)
Flaviviruses3
- However, results of Zika virus antibody testing can be difficult to interpret because of cross-reactivity with related flaviviruses, which can preclude identification of the specific infecting virus, especially when the person previously was infected with or vaccinated against a related flavivirus. (cdc.gov)
- The mosquito-borne flaviviruses dengue and zika cause endemic or pandemic disease and long-term sequelae across over 40% of the world's population and there are no broadly licensed vaccines for either. (uvm.edu)
- Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. (frontiersin.org)
Serotype2
- All 16 laboratories testing Module A performed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for both RNA and serotype detection. (who.int)
- However, problems arise when the person is later infected with a different dengue serotype. (tanzirislambritto.com)
Strains1
- Through phylogenetic analysis of nucleocapsid genes in different oropouche virus strains, it has been revealed that there are three unique genotypes (I, II, III) that are currently spreading through Central and South America. (wikipedia.org)
Epidemics7
- One of the earliest, if not the first, dengue epidemics described in the medical literature occurred in Philadelphia in 1780. (cdc.gov)
- 5-7) Dengue epidemics were reported in various parts of the south- eastern United States through the 19th and 20th centuries, (6) most recently in Louisiana in 1945. (cdc.gov)
- 7) Dengue or dengue-like epidemics were reported through- out the 19th and early 20th centuries in the Americas, southern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Australia and on various islands in the Indian Ocean, South and Central Pacific and the Caribbean. (cdc.gov)
- 7) Deaths occurred during dengue epidemics in Australia in 1897 and in Greece in 1928, when over 1000 deaths were reported. (cdc.gov)
- 17) Hemorrhagic manifestations, including gastrointestinal hemorrhage, were described during dengue epidemics in Texas and Louisiana in 1922. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne fl avivirus fi rst studies in the absence of epidemics ( 6 - 8 ). (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- Urban transmission cycles of arboviruses in densely populated tropical regions can result in explosive epidemics and pandemics, although there can also be low levels of transmission only sufficient to maintain the viruses in the population. (biomedcentral.com)
Plaque reduction neutralization2
- If immunoglobulin (Ig) M test results are positive, equivocal, or inconclusive, performing a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is needed to confirm the diagnosis. (cdc.gov)
- Title : Guidelines for plaque-reduction neutralization testing of human antibodies to dengue viruses Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases (U.S.) Published Date : June 2008 Source : Viral immunology. (cdc.gov)
Endemic5
- all the rest were travelers arriving from dengue-endemic areas. (cdc.gov)
- Dengue is endemic to the tropical regions of the world in latitudes from about 35 ° north to 35 ° south. (msdmanuals.com)
- 10 years living in areas where dengue is endemic. (msdmanuals.com)
- An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. (frontiersin.org)
- Zika virus (ZIKV) has been presumed to be endemic in Southeast Asia (SEA), with a low rate of human infections. (ox.ac.uk)
Cross-reactive1
- Due to the cross-reactive nature of anti-flavivirus antibody, (Eg. (canada.ca)
Vector6
- Dengue Branch and the Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, CID, Fort Collins, CO. Duane J. Gubler, Sc.D and Edward B. Hayes, MD. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus like other vector-borne diseases poses a particular challenge to the countries because of their complex nature which requires multidisciplinary competencies and strong rapid interaction among committed sectors. (who.int)
- In addition to identifying novel factors that may play a role in virus/vector processing, these lists included host proteins that have been previously implicated as contributing to alphavirus replication. (cdc.gov)
- The oropouche virus has evolved to an urban cycle infecting humans though midges as its main transporting vector. (wikipedia.org)
- is the vector mosquito for dengue and is widely distributed in the Americas. (paho.org)
- Only Canada and continental Chile are free from dengue and its vector. (paho.org)
ZIKV7
- The Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) belonging to the Flavivirus genus and the Flaviviridae family. (rjppd.org)
- Since the Zika virus (ZIKV) was first the health ministries of the 22 Members preparedness measures. (who.int)
- 181B potentially associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) has highlighted the urgent need to identify individuals infected with ZIKV. (who.int)
- A detailed comparison of the engagement of ZAb_FLEP antibody with the FLEP epitope on the Zika virus (ZIKV) based on a cryo-EM structure and EDE I C8 antibody with the EDE epitope was peer-reviewed and published in 2020 . (mit.edu)
- This study clearly articulates the distinct engagement of ZAb_FLEP with the FLEP epitope that is different from the EDE I C8 antibody with the EDE epitope despite the overlap between these epitope regions on the surface of the ZIKV. (mit.edu)
- Sera from 359 asymptomatic consenting adult donors in 2003-2004 and 687 in 2015 were screened for anti-ZIKV IgG using NS1 ELISA assay (Euroimmun, Luebeck, Germany). (ox.ac.uk)
- Zika virus seroprevalence observed in the studied blood donors was low, 4.5% in 2003-2004 with an increase in 2015 to 9.9% (P = 0.002), possibly reflecting the increase of ZIKV incident cases reported over this period. (ox.ac.uk)
Transmission17
- In May 2015, the first local transmission of Zika virus in the Region of the Americas was reported in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
- Although local transmission of Zika virus has not been documented in the continental United States, infections have been reported among travelers visiting or returning to the United States, and these likely will increase. (cdc.gov)
- Until more is known, pregnant women should consider postponing travel to any area with ongoing Zika virus transmission. (cdc.gov)
- In May 2015, the World Health Organization reported the first local transmission of Zika virus in the Region of the Americas (Americas), with autochthonous cases identified in Brazil ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
- Although local transmission of Zika virus has not been documented in the continental United States, Zika virus infections have been reported in returning travelers ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- There is a theoretical concern that transmission could occur through organ or tissue transplantation, and although Zika virus RNA has been detected in breast milk, transmission through breastfeeding has not been documented ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- This update also expands guidance to women who reside in areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission, and includes recommendations for screening, testing, and management of pregnant women and recommendations for counseling women of reproductive age (15-44 years). (cdc.gov)
- For asymptomatic pregnant women residing in areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission, testing is recommended at the initiation of prenatal care with follow-up testing mid-second trimester. (cdc.gov)
- Local health officials should determine when to implement testing of asymptomatic pregnant women based on information about levels of Zika virus transmission and laboratory capacity. (cdc.gov)
- The Zika virus outbreak continues to spread ( http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/index.html ), with ongoing Zika virus transmission recently reported in U.S. territories. (cdc.gov)
- All travelers to or residents of areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission should be advised to strictly follow steps to avoid mosquito bites because of the potential for exposure to Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
- La maladie à virus Zika, comme toutes les maladies à transmission vectorielle, constitue un défi pour les pays du fait de sa nature complexe qui nécessite des compétences multidisciplinaires et une interaction forte et rapide entre les secteurs impliqués. (who.int)
- Breast milk as a possible route of vertical transmission of dengue virus? (msdmanuals.com)
- Blood-stage vaccines seek to induce antibodies against the merozoite form of the parasite that invades erythrocytes 2 , and could complement pre-erythrocytic immunity afforded by RTS,S/AS01, protect against disease severity and/or reduce transmission by accelerating the control and clearance of blood-stage parasitemia. (nature.com)
- Larval ticks acquire the virus after feeding on an infected rodent, but this mode of transmission is relatively inefficient because the duration of infectivity to ticks is short (2-3 days) [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In this regard, a biologically relevant non-human primate model, in which macaques are passively immunized with Abs against simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) followed by repeated mucosal challenges with a heterologous R5 SHIV at low doses, may mimic key aspects of HIV-1 transmission among humans and thus play an important role in dissecting the mechanism(s) of Ab action in HIV-1 transmission and its prevention [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Early passive immunization studies in primates were performed with single high-dose, intravenous virus challenges rather than low-dose mucosal virus exposures that more closely resemble sexual HIV-1 transmission among humans. (biomedcentral.com)
Hemorrhagic5
- All patients with clinically suspected dengue should receive appropriate management to reduce the risk for hemorrhagic medical complications. (cdc.gov)
- Dengue can also cause potentially fatal hemorrhagic fever with a bleeding tendency and shock. (msdmanuals.com)
- Treatment is symptomatic and, for dengue hemorrhagic fever, includes meticulously adjusted intravascular volume replacement. (msdmanuals.com)
- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an acute and potentially lethal complication of dengue fever, a tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- What Causes Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever? (tanzirislambritto.com)
Detection4
- Of these, 15 had correct results for RNA detection and all 16 correctly serotyped the viruses. (who.int)
- Serological detection of total antibodies (IgM and IgG) directed towards Japanese Encephalitis (JE) virus by Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) assay. (canada.ca)
- Detection of the TBE virus (TBEV) in local populations of Ixodes ricinus ticks is the most reliable proof that a given area is at risk for TBE, but this approach is time-consuming and expensive. (biomedcentral.com)
- In addition, antibody detection may provide a complementary perspective, along with RT-qPCR testing, in the diagnosis of COVID-19 (24,25). (researchgate.net)
Associated with Zika virus2
- ABSTRACT Following the WHO declaration on 1 February 2016 of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) with regard to clusters of microcephaly and neurological disorders potentially associated with Zika virus, the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean conducted three rounds of emergency meetings to address enhancing preparedness actions in the Region. (who.int)
- Concern (PHEIC) with regard to clusters of microcephaly and neurological disorders potentially associated with Zika virus, the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean conducted three rounds of emergency meetings to address enhancing preparedness actions in the Region. (who.int)
Immunoglobulin2
- In these cases, immunoglobulin (Ig) M and neutralizing antibody testing can identify additional recent Zika virus infections ( 6 , 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- 26. Mohammed H, Tomashek KM, Stramer SL, Hunsperger E. Prevalence of anti-dengue immunoglobulin G antibodies among American Red Cross blood donors in Puerto Rico, 2006. (rjppd.org)
Vaccines3
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce greater complement activation and decreased viremia and Nef antibodies in men with HIV-1. (amedeo.com)
- This mutation allows the virus to better attack lung cells and potentially escape vaccines. (metropolisindia.com)
- Moreover, the Delta plus variant of coronavirus, due to its mutation of K417N spike protein, may escape vaccines and antibodies more than the Delta variant. (metropolisindia.com)
Prevalence2
- As stated by Kuno & Chang [ 15 ], "The three commonly used data for identifying vertebrate reservoirs for arboviruses have been (i) virus isolation from suspected animals, (ii) relatively high antibody prevalence in the animals captured in the field and (iii) demonstration of viraemia (of higher virus titre and duration) in the suspected animals typically obtained under laboratory conditions" [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Prevalence of IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was 31.4% in COVID-19 patients, 1.5% in healthcare providers, 1.3% in general workers, and 0.2% in other patients. (researchgate.net)
Serological2
- This first round of external quality assessment of dengue diagnostics was successfully conducted in national-level public health laboratories in the WHO Western Pacific Region, revealing good proficiency in both molecular and serological testing. (who.int)
- In March 2020 we implemented broad serological testing for SARS-CoV-2, the virus underlying COVID-19 used to profile hospitalized COVID-19 patients as well as those exposed to the virus but did not require hospitalization. (uvm.edu)
Make antibodies1
- He studied how naïve B cells that do not yet make antibodies, become activated (in part by CD4+ T cells) to scale up and develop into antibody-producing cellular factories such as plasmablasts and plasma cells. (uvm.edu)
Diagnosis1
- Diagnosis involves serologic testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (msdmanuals.com)
Diagnostic3
- The objective of this programme was to assess dengue diagnostic proficiency among national-level public health laboratories in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region. (who.int)
- Referred and suspected cases of HBV and HCV from different hospitals of Delhi and adjoining areas were confirmed by molecular diagnostic test (PCR/RT-PCR)targeting surface gene, core gene and 5'UTR gene region. (ncdc.gov.in)
- I built tools to study this virus and contributed to a diagnostic test during the first year of my M.Sc. (wrfseattle.org)
Mosquito6
- Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that was first identified in Uganda in 1947 ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- These imported cases might result in local human-to-mosquito-to-human spread of the virus in limited areas of the continental United States that have the appropriate mosquito vectors. (cdc.gov)
- Zika: the origin and spread of a mosquito-borne virus. (rjppd.org)
- Dengue is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito. (paho.org)
- Reference Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease caused by a flavivirus. (msdmanuals.com)
- A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPANESE) occurring throughout Eastern Asia and Australia. (curehunter.com)
Pandemic2
- SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus that has rapidly spread, causing a global pandemic. (nature.com)
- Monitor your symptoms and do get an RT-PCR test done if you found yourself facing symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 The Delta variant In view of the growing COVID-19 pandemic throughout the world, health officials are evaluating certain coronavirus mutations and variants that could be more contagious or deadly than the original strain. (metropolisindia.com)
Patients5
- All patients with clinically suspected dengue should have proper management to reduce the risk for hemorrhage and shock ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus has been blamed for as many as 5000 cases of microcephaly in Brazil, and while it's not being spread locally throughout US states at this time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is urging pediatricians to familiarize themselves with the virus to help educate patients about the risks. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
- However, pleurodynia most commonly affects adults infected with the virus, with fewer than 10% of cases occurring in patients younger than 20 years. (medscape.com)
- This work in the lab of Dr. Hergen Spits at the University of Amsterdam provided mechanistic insights which formed the groundwork of a new technique that Sean's lab uses to discover new anti-viral antibodies from patients. (uvm.edu)
- We tested 49 known coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients and 111 prepandemic stored serology specimens. (researchgate.net)
Protein1
- 13 , 14 However, the amino acid perfectly maintains the stability of the mutual structural conformation of the virus S-protein and the ACE2 receptor in a holistic manner. (medsci.org)
Infections2
Laboratory8
- I'm delighted to welcome you to today's COCA call Updated CDC Laboratory Testing Guidance. (cdc.gov)
- Questions are limited to clinicians who would like information about Zika and laboratory testing. (cdc.gov)
- and identify Zika virus laboratory testing algorithms and resources. (cdc.gov)
- This investigation examined available travel history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases reported in the U.S. in whom laboratory testing showed one of these initial VOCs. (cdc.gov)
- Of those with data on travel history, 1,168 (85%) reported no travel preceding laboratory confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 and only 105 (8%) reported international travel during the 30 days preceding a positive SARS-CoV-2 test or symptom onset. (cdc.gov)
- This disease is named after the region where it was first discovered and isolated at the Trinidad Regional Virus Laboratory in 1955 by the Oropouche River in Trinidad and Tobago. (wikipedia.org)
- Accurate laboratory testing is a critical component of dengue surveillance and control. (who.int)
- The Work Group also discussed and examined data on booster doses for travelers and laboratory workers in high-risk settings for exposure to YF virus. (cdc.gov)
Illness1
- The oropouche virus is an emerging infectious agent that causes the illness oropouche fever. (wikipedia.org)
Primarily1
Serology1
- Serology for dengue virus and generic alphavirus reverse transcription PCR ( 6 ) were negative. (cdc.gov)
Proteins2
- Non-structural proteins are involved in the transcription and replication of the virus. (medsci.org)
- 李红霞 , 孟小林* , 徐进平 , 王 健 , 鲁 伟 , 曹 旭 , 2004: Expression of Recombinant Envelope Proteins VP19 and VP28 of WSSV and Preparation of Neutralizing Antibody, Virologica Sinica, 19, 587-590. (virosin.org)
Arbovirus1
- Oropouche fever is caused by a specific arbovirus, the Oropouche virus (OROV), of the Bunyaviridae family. (wikipedia.org)
Responses1
- Further work is aimed at identifying novel monoclonal antibodies and T cell responses to the virus. (uvm.edu)
Characterization2
- 5) Cellular and molecular characterization of dengue-associated rash (Merck). (uvm.edu)
- To indicate the dengue virus type and genotype of the Dengue out-break with the help of molecular characterization and genotyping of dengue virus based on gene sequencing. (ncdc.gov.in)
Diseases1
- e WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Tropical and Emerging Virus Diseases, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. (who.int)
Flavivirus2
- However, recent evidence suggests that a 4-fold higher titer by PRNT might not discriminate between anti-Zika virus antibodies and cross-reacting antibodies in all persons who have been previously infected with or vaccinated against a related flavivirus. (cdc.gov)
- These viruses are members of the Flavivirus genus. (tanzirislambritto.com)
Incidence2
- Dengue incidence has increased in the Americas over the past four decades, from 1.5 million cumulative cases in the 1980s to 16,2 million in the decade 2010-2019. (paho.org)
- more recently, dengue incidence has increased in Central and South America. (msdmanuals.com)
Disease7
- In December, the Ministry of Health estimated that 440,000-1,300,000 suspected cases of Zika virus disease had occurred in Brazil in 2015 ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- In the Brazilian Amazon, oropouche is the second most frequent viral disease, after dengue fever. (wikipedia.org)
- This virus is a single-stranded, negative sense RNA virus which is the cause of this disease. (wikipedia.org)
- PAHO/WHO provides advice and technical support for dengue prevention and control based on a regional strategy adopted by PAHO / WHO member States in 2016, called the " Strategy for arboviral disease prevention and control " (CD55.R6). (paho.org)
- The increasing spread of the dengue virus worldwide and the high fatality rate of DHF make this disease a significant global health concern. (tanzirislambritto.com)
- Dengue is a major public health concern, affecting almost 400 million people worldwide, with about 70% of the global burden of disease in Asia. (frontiersin.org)
- The potential for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 to be associated with disease enhancement is of theoretical concern, given similar observations with other respiratory viruses in general, and in animal models of highly pathogenic coronaviruses in particular [14] . (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
Neutralize1
- Moreover, the kinetic constraints imposed by such rapid erythrocyte invasion mean that extremely high concentrations of functional antibody are required to neutralize the parasite 6 . (nature.com)
Genetic3
- This occurs when two genetically related viruses infect the same cell at the same time forming a progeny virus and this virus holds various components of genetic L, M and S segments from the two parental viruses. (wikipedia.org)
- Zika virus in the Americas: Early epidemiological and genetic findings:345-349. (rjppd.org)
- To study the genetic variation in dengue virus. (ncdc.gov.in)
Effector1
- In this review, we discuss the properties of Fc receptors, antibodies, and effector cells that influence ADCP. (frontiersin.org)
Titer1
- We assessed whether polyclonal IgG, isolated from rhesus monkeys (RMs) with high-titer nAbs (termed SHIVIG), could protect RMs against the R5-tropic tier-2 SHIV-2873Nip, which was heterologous to the viruses or HIV-1 envelopes that had elicited SHIVIG. (biomedcentral.com)
Prevention1
- Dengue prevention and control must be intersectoral and involve the family and the community. (paho.org)