• Here, we report that in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) the MYC oncogene controls the expression of TET1 and TET2 to maintain 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) patterns, which is associated with tumor cell-specific gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is the first oxidative product in the active demethylation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). (chunyangtech.com)
  • Compared to cells in normal glucose, high glucose increased H3K9me3 and Suv39H1 binding at Rac1 promoter, and Suv39H1 -siRNA prevented glucose-induced increase 5 hydroxy methyl cytosine (5hmC) and Rac1 mRNA. (nature.com)
  • while DNA methyl transferase 1 (Dnmt1) methylates cytosine forming 5 methyl cytosine (5mC), concomitant activation of Tet2 hydroxymethylates 5mC, forming 5 hydroxymethyl cytosine (5hmC). (nature.com)
  • 5mC might be sequentially oxidized to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). (chipgrade.com)
  • Recently, ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2), an epigenetic modifier that can suppress pro-inflammatory functions in myeloid cells, was identified as a susceptibility locus for MS. TET2 uniquely oxidizes methylcytosine to 5 hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and facilitates the active demethylation pathway. (listlabs.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a methylcytosine dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. (thermofisher.com)
  • Moreover, in the ketamine group, the level of Ten‑Eleven‑Translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase for demethylation as determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR assay was increased in comparison with the control group, but that was not the case for the level of DNA methyltransferases for methylation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In contrast, the Ten-Eleven-Translocation (TET) dioxygenase family, including TET1, TET2 and TET3, mediates active DNA demethylation and hydroxylate-methylated DNA by converting 5-methylcyto-sine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine to regulate DNA methylation status. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Succinate further inhibits several dioxygenases involved in epigenetic regulation like ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET) and jumonji C domain-containing histone lysine demethylases (JMJD3). (haematologica.org)
  • Mutations in TET2 , encoding one of the TET members responsible for the conversion of DNA cytosine methylation to hydroxymethylation (5-hmc), have been recently described in Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). (oncotarget.com)
  • However, neither the amount of genomic 5-hmc in ATLL tumor cells nor TET2 expression has been studied yet. (oncotarget.com)
  • Furthermore, this 5-hmc defect was more pronounced in tumor T cells from acute patients than from chronic ones and correlated with reduced expression of TET2 protein. (oncotarget.com)
  • Monoclonal antibodies are subsequently identified by screening after each round of selection. (chunyangtech.com)
  • Current treatments for gliomas use chemotherapy, radiotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and surgery, but each of the treatment strategies has several serious side effects. (frontiersin.org)
  • The methylation level of the GRHL2 promoter region in acute leukemia patients and cell lines was significantly higher than the normal control group, and we found the elevated mRNA and protein levels of GRHL2 in acute leukemia cell lines after the use of the demethylation drug arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine. (hindawi.com)
  • Soon after fertilization, the vast majority of methylcytosine in sperm is converted by the Tet3 enzyme to hydroxymethylcytosine that gets lost by dilution during replication, effectively erasing cytosine methylation patterns except for a subset that is maintained, including those of some imprinted genes. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Recombinant antibodies selected against subcellular fractions to track endogenous protein dynamics in vivo: C. Nizak, et al. (chunyangtech.com)
  • In addition, Paneth cells provide a niche for leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5)-expressing stem cells in crypts (Sato, et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • Frequently used methods are based on, for example, antigen-antibody systems, nucleic acid hybridization techniques, and protein-ligand systems. (justia.com)
  • Then we investigated the demethylating effect of arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine on the mRNA and protein expression levels of GRHL2 in cell lines of acute leukemia. (hindawi.com)
  • Technology of Excessive Affinity Anti-Peptide Polyclonal Antibodies Recognizing Goat α s1-Casein The chemical, technological and allergy properties of goat's milk are considerably affected by the extent of αs1-casein. (chipgrade.com)
  • Prediction of Clearance of Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies and Non-Antibody Proteins in Youngsters: Software of Allometric Scaling Allometric scaling can be utilized for the extrapolation of pharmacokinetic parameters from adults to kids. (chipgrade.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: SEC22B Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 14776-1-AP. (thermofisher.com)
  • Immunoprecipitation, Western Blotting, Antibodies, and also other Reagents-Large scale affinity purification, immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting were carried out as described previously (18). (axlinhibitor.com)
  • The classical immunoprecipitation technique is then applied: magnetic beads conjugated to anti-mouse-IgG are used to bind the anti-5mC antibodies, and unbound DNA is removed in the supernatant. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the next step the antibody directed against 5 methylcytosine and antibody binding beads are used for immunoselection and immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA fragments. (diagenode.com)
  • This observation, the special characteristics of the first meiotic prophase in Drosophila and the availability of antibodies specific for particular histone modifications [ 15 ] led us to study the patterns of histone modifications in the male germ line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5-Methylcytosine is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine that regulates gene transcription and is involved in epigenetics. (chunyangtech.com)
  • Product Overview The MethylFlash Methylated DNA Quantification Package (Fluorometric) is a whole set of optimized buffers and reagents to fluorometrically quantify international DNA methylation by particularly measuring ranges of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in a microplate-based format. (computablegenomix.com)
  • WHO grades I-IV have extremely different 5-year survival rates up from 95% for grades I and II gliomas to 15-35% for grade IV gliomas or even less than 1% for DIPG ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The extremely low 5-year overall survival of patients is, in part, due to pancreatic cancer cells having several mechanisms of resistance to different chemotherapeutic treatments, one of which is their capacity to efficiently repair alkylating agent-induced DNA damage. (frontiersin.org)
  • DNA methylation occurs primarily as 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), and the Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit takes advantage of a specific antibody targeting this 5-mC to immunoprecipitate methylated DNA, which can be thereafter directly analyzed by qPCR or Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). (diagenode.com)
  • ScFv is the antigen-binding domain of CAR structure, which is composed of a single heavy and light chain of monoclonal antibody connected by a linker. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By employing a direct in situ approach, we documented that tumor T cells infiltrating lymph nodes exhibit low level of 5-hmc compared to residual normal T cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • DNA methylation (or 5-methylcytosine (5mC)) plays an essential role in ERV repression in postimplantation embryos and male germ cells [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, we studied the effects of arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine on the proliferation of leukemia cells and the TGF- β signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
  • At the same time, arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine are associated with the inhibition of cellular proliferation of acute leukemia cells and also promote the elevated expression of TGF- β signaling pathway-linked proteins, including TGF- β , Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4. (hindawi.com)
  • Ramucirumab is an anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody used for the therapy of a number of cancers. (ncbcs.org)
  • These studies argue that the somatic nucleus is programmed by 5-methyl cytosines Wedelolactone that leads to the repression of Wedelolactone certain somatogenic sequences during sexual cycle. (thetechnoant.info)
  • They are responsible for the regulation of various pro- and anti-tumor factors and play a role in the progression of the disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The argument is based on the findings where administration of 5-azacytidine during sexual reproduction in alter expression of certain somatogenic sequences in the subsequent asexual cycles. (thetechnoant.info)
  • Interestingly, succinate plays key dual roles during inflammatory responses, leading to net inflammation or anti-inflammation depending on factors like the cellular context. (haematologica.org)
  • The incidence of brain tumors in children is about 5 cases per 100,000 population, 75% of which are classified as gliomas ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The key molecular mechanism of the occurrence of AL has not been fully elucidated [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • If an Invitrogen™ antibody doesn't perform as described on our website or datasheet,we'll replace the product at no cost to you, or provide you with a credit for a future purchase. (thermofisher.com)
  • We report on the preparation of a new type of immunotoxin via in vitro ligation of the αHer2 antigen binding fragment (Fab) of the clinically-validated antibody trastuzumab to the plant toxin gelonin, employing catalysis by the bacterial enzyme sortase A (SrtA). (cipsm.de)
  • Description anti-β-Tubulin, monoclonal antibody (recombinant)(S11B) is an antibody developed by antibody phage display technology using a human naive antibody gene library. (chunyangtech.com)
  • 5 4 Succinate functions as a competitive inhibitor for prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins that are central to degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α subunit. (haematologica.org)
  • Also, the size of the fragment affects the binding of 5-methyl-cytidine (5mC) antibody because the antibody needs more than just a single 5mC for efficient binding. (wikipedia.org)
  • In comparison, the SN2 agent methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) induces N 1 -methyladenine (m 1 A) and N 3 -methylcytosine (m 3 C) lesions, preferably in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). (frontiersin.org)