Anthelmintic resistance of horses. Medical search. Frequent questions

In recent years, numerous veterinary practitioners have reported anecdotal episodes in which anthelmintic treatment did not appear to deliver the expected efficacy against equine pinworms (Oxyuris equi). (nih.gov)
Anthelmintic resistance has not been demonstrated formally in equine pinworms, so a clinical study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of paste formulations of pyrantel pamoate or ivermectin against naturally acquired infections with O. equi. (nih.gov)
Due to high prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in equine helminths, selective treatment is increasingly promoted and in some countries a positive infection diagnosis is mandatory before treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Informative articles on horse breeding, equine husbandry and training. (horsetalk.co.nz)
Anthelmintic resistance represents a huge threat to equine health and welfare: "If horse owners don't make these changes now, it will be too late," says BEVA boss David Rendle. (horsetalk.co.nz)
This article will describe how parasites infect horses, why we are concerned about internal parasites, and the basic life cycles and symptoms of 6 common equine parasites. (horsemansnews.com)
Her study concluded that infection and anthelmintics significantly alter the global composition of the equine gut microbiota, reduce microbial diversity which results in dysbiosis, and that there was a link between parasite burden and dysbiosis. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
This was the warning given at a webinar on anthelmintic or wormer resistance, hosted by the Mare and Foal Sanctuary and presented by equine internal medicine specialist David Rendle. (horseandhound.co.uk)
At a meeting on equine anthelmintic resistance, organised by the Government's Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) this spring, stakeholders agreed a pan-industry process is essential for a co-ordinated approach to wormer use. (horseandhound.co.uk)
The overuse of dewormers brings with it increasing likelihood of even larger equine internal parasite populations that have developed resistance to current dewormers on the market. (horsemenslab.com)
Progressive Equine is now offering an "Early Detection Wellness Package" for horses! (progeq.com)
Examining Canadian Equine Industry Participants' Perceptions of Horses and Their Welfare. (researchonequine.ca)
2018) "Techniques and Accuracy of Abdominal Ultrasound in Gastrointestinal Diseases of Horses and Foals" Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. (researchonequine.ca)
A leading equine parasitologist describes the challenges we face in the race to protect horses from worms. (equusmagazine.com)
And by around 2009, equine veterinarians were receiving word about the changes necessary to protect future generations of horses from "super parasites" resistant to all dewormers. (equusmagazine.com)
Manual of clinical procedures in the horse is a detailed stepbystep guide to clinical skills in equine practice. (web.app)
Synopsis for nearly 125 years, captain hayes veterinary notes for horse owners has been the standard work on equine health care, constantly amended and updated. (web.app)
Learn about equine anatomy and the seven key muscles you will work onand how to draw them in chalk on your own horse. (web.app)
This is an introductory online, selfpaced course in equine anatomy with the addition of very useful information on horse health, normal vital signs and warning signs for when to call the vet, information on how the horses body moves, how muscles work together, and basic information on physiology and conditioning. (web.app)
We have specialists in both equine surgery and internal medicine caring for our clients' horses as well as taking referrals from across the Midlands. (chinehousevets.co.uk)
If we feel your horse requires more specialist attention, we can use the back-up of our RCVS Accredited Equine Veterinary Hospital for more complex procedures and surgery. (chinehousevets.co.uk)
Claire Shand is an experienced Equine SQP/RAMA and Marketing Director in her family's business, Westgate Labs, an award-winning veterinary laboratory specialising in parasite control for horses. (beta-int.com)
A lifetime passion for horses led me to a career in equine journalism. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

Although no recent anthelmintic efficacy studies exist, T axei is expected to be susceptible to macrocyclic lactone (ivermectin or moxidectin) or benzimidazole (fenbendazole or oxibendazole) treatment. (merckvetmanual.com)
To preserve the efficacy of available products it is essential that farmers, veterinarians and the pharmaceutical industry work together to mitigate anthelmintic resistance. (veterinary-practice.com)
Cobalt 2.2 g/L, Selenium 0.5 g/L: without anthelmintic efficacy. (parasitipedia.net)
This means that if this product does not achieve the expected efficacy against the mentioned parasites, it can be due to resistance and not to incorrect use, which is usually the most frequent cause of product failure. (parasitipedia.net)
This may make it more effective than single-target drugs, which often have limited efficacy and can lead to drug resistance. (purgweb.com)

However, this is not always possible, and it has been known for companionship bonds to develop between horses and cats, goats and other species. (wikipedia.org)
Objective -To determine prevalence of resistance to all anthelmintics that are commonly used to treat gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in goats. (avma.org)
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance -Anthelmintic resistance in GINs of goats is highly prevalent in the southern United States. (avma.org)
Anthelmintic resistance predominantly affects sheep, goats, cattle and horses and has serous implication on the health, wellbeing and subsequently productivity of livestock. (epruma.eu)
Unfortunately, resistance of gastrointestinal roundworms to all benzimidazoles in sheep, goats, cattle and horses is a major problem in numerous countries. (justagric.com)
Unfortunately, resistance of several gastrointestinal roundworms to all benzimidazoles,, including fenbendazole is already very high and very frequent worldwide in sheep and goats, slightly lower in cattle. (justagric.com)
Unfortunately, resistance of several gastrointestinal roundworms to abamectin (and other macrocyclic lactones ) and levamisole is already very high and very frequent worldwide in sheep and goats . (parasitipedia.net)
In addition, few anthelmintics are FDA-approved for use in goats, and due to the costs involved in developing new drugs, it is not likely that any new products are going to come onto the market anytime soon. (premier1supplies.com)
One hundred fecal samples (78 horses, 11 bovines, 6 sheep and 5 goats) were examined with both the mini-FLOTAC and McMaster technique. (ugent.be)

Results -Resistance to albendazole was found on 14 of 15 farms, and resistance to ivermectin, levamisole, and moxidectin was found on 17, 6, and 1 of 18 farms, respectively. (avma.org)
Resistance to multiple anthelmintics (albendazole and ivermectin) was found on 14 of 15 farms and to albendazole, ivermectin, and levamisole on 5 of 15 farms. (avma.org)

This syringe contains sufficient paste to treat one 1320-lb horse at the recommended dose rate of 91 mcg ivermectin per lb (200 mcg/kg) and 0.68 mg praziquantel per lb (1.5 mg/kg) of body weight. (nih.gov)
The ivermectin was very effective against strongyles, which did affect the adult horses based on FECs. (horse-canada.com)
In most animals, resistance first arose to the avermectins, such as ivermectin (IVM), and subsequently to moxidectin (MOX). (nih.gov)
Widespread use of an endectocide (like ivermectin) to control both internal and external parasites should be accompanied by a benzimidazole (like Safe-Guard) to get the tough internal parasites and fight against resistance. (justagric.com)
Ivermectin revolutionized parasite management, not just in horses but in all species, including humans," said McKenzie. (cfmanestream.com)
The problem is that when ivermectin came out, they were touting it to veterinarians and horse owners that because of the way it worked, it would be impossible for parasites to become resistant to the drug. (cfmanestream.com)

Controlling internal parasites in horses is a worldwide endeavour, yet it is becoming ever clearer that regional differences in protocols are necessary. (horse-canada.com)
There are many species of internal parasites that affect horses. (horsemansnews.com)
How Do Horses Get Infected With Internal Parasites? (horsemansnews.com)
The goal as horse owners then is not to completely eliminate internal parasites, but to keep parasite loads at a level that does not cause illness. (horsemansnews.com)
A large concern with internal parasites is resistance to dewormers (known as anthelmintic resistance). (horsemansnews.com)
Many internal parasites can infect horses, but only a handful of these cause clinical disease. (nexgenvetrx.com)
The class of internal parasites that most often cause health problems for horses are nematodes (e.g., large and small strongyles), roundworms and tapeworms. (nexgenvetrx.com)
1 Other internal parasites such as threadworms, pinworms and botfly larvae do cause problems in some horses, but are less common. (nexgenvetrx.com)
Much work remains to be done if we are going to protect horses across the globe from damage inflicted by internal parasites. (equusmagazine.com)
In the past, producers relied heavily on anti-parasitic drugs, called "anthelmintics" to control internal parasites in their goat herds. (premier1supplies.com)
They also reported that as much as 50% of all deaths in horses can be related to internal parasites. (equineiridology.eu)

Resistance is commonplace throughout the world in nematode parasites of small ruminants and is of increasing concern in horses, cattle, dogs and other animals. (nih.gov)
The small stomach worm, Trichostrongylus axei , is the only nematode species that occurs in humans, ruminants, and horses. (merckvetmanual.com)
Infection is rarely diagnosed in horses maintained without ruminant contact, but infections have been described in horses co- or mixed-grazed with ruminants. (merckvetmanual.com)
The eggs are morphologically indistinguishable from strongylid eggs of horses and ruminants. (merckvetmanual.com)
World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guideline for diagnosing anthelmintic resistance using the faecal egg count reduction test in ruminants, horses and swine. (uzh.ch)

Weight loss has been described in T axei infections, but the parasite is not considered a major parasitic pathogen of horses. (merckvetmanual.com)
The parasite is seldom encountered in domestic horses and is not considered a primary parasitic pathogen. (merckvetmanual.com)
While grazing, the horse accidentally ingests the parasitic larvae or eggs. (horsemansnews.com)
Anthelmintic drugs are used to treat parasitic roundworm and flatworm infections in humans and other animals. (bvsalud.org)
Parasitic colitis in horses, or larval cyathostominosis, occurs when encysted small strongyle larvae emerge en masse from the intestinal wall, causing inflammation and damaging the mucosa. (succeed-vet.com)
A diagnosis of parasitic colitis resulting from larval cyathostominosis should be considered when the horse exhibits weight loss, intermittent diarrhea and unremarkable fecal egg counts. (succeed-vet.com)
Many species of parasitic worms can live in the intestines of horses, with small numbers of worms being tolerated and causing no real effect on the horse's overall health. (nexgenvetrx.com)
Fenbendazole is an antiparasitic drug used to treat parasitic worms in animals like horses. (purgweb.com)

Macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintics are the most important class of anthelmintics because of our high dependence on them for the control of nematode parasites and some ectoparasites in livestock, companion animals and in humans. (nih.gov)
Helminthiasis and resistance to commercial anthelmintic compounds are major causes of economic losses for livestock producers, resulting in an urgent need for new drugs and reliable in vitro screening tests ca. (biomedcentral.com)
Resistance to dewormer products currently available on the market has caused the FDA to invoke a request that animal drug companies voluntarily revise their product labels for their approved anthelmintics used in livestock, including horses. (horsemenslab.com)
It is used massively in all kinds of livestock (mainly in drenches and feed additives), and abundantly in pets (often in tablets, pills, etc. or oral suspensions) and horses (mostly in oral pastes & gels). (justagric.com)
Click here for an overview on the most used antiparasitic feed additives and medicated feeds for livestock and horses . (parasitipedia.net)
Anthelmintic resistance remains a key challenge for the livestock sector and one that needs to be constantly considered. (farmersjournal.ie)

Many horse owners know that deworming is important, but they may not be aware of all the specific types of parasites that dewormers (also known as anthelmintics) treat. (horsemansnews.com)
Parasite resistance may develop to any dewormer, and has been reported for most classes of dewormers. (horsemenslab.com)
Today's parasite researchers recommend using two classes of dewormers for effectiveness and to help curb resistance issues. (justagric.com)
Nielsen is leading a study that is evaluating how horses with multiple-drug-resistant parasites respond to treatment from combination dewormers. (equimanagement.com)
The loss is that veterinarians were no longer involved in the horse's deworming - paste dewormers were available widely and there was no thought to designing a parasite management scheme for an individual farm or horse. (cfmanestream.com)

Fenbendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic belonging to the benzimidazoles, effective against roundworms and, depending on the dose, also against some tapeworms (e.g. (justagric.com)
Resistance of worms to benzimidazoles in dogs, cats, pig and poultry are so far not a serious problem. (justagric.com)
Not all anthelmintics (only the benzimidazoles) kill tapeworms. (premier1supplies.com)

Benzimidazole resistance has been reported in T axei infecting sheep, so this could also occur in horses. (merckvetmanual.com)

Mr Rendle added that good pasture management is essential, citing a study that found twice-weekly poo-picking removed far more worm larva from pasture than the use of different anthelmintics. (horseandhound.co.uk)
This may encourage the development of drug resistance in the worm population. (horsehealthprogramme.co.uk)
Worm resistance to anthelmintics develops by exposure to anthelmintic treatment - every anthelmintic treatment increases resistance. (veterinary-practice.com)
Unfortunately, anthelmintic resistance is on the rise, creating some difficulties with prophylaxis and treatment of worm burdens. (succeed-vet.com)
Nearly all horses have some degree of worm infestation, but along with other management best practices, deworming can help keep a horse's internal parasite load low. (nexgenvetrx.com)
The method of transmission of worms to the horse is determined by the life cycle of the worm species involved. (nexgenvetrx.com)
In most cases, worm eggs are ingested by a horse from an infected pasture and develop inside the digestive tract or lungs, where they may or may not cause disease. (nexgenvetrx.com)
Intestinal parasites of horses and sustainable worm control mechanisms. (guildhe.ac.uk)
Why do we need to worm horses? (equineiridology.eu)
The domestication of horses has meant that they are kept in much closer proximity to each other than they would be in the wild and we find that the worm burdens are much higher. (equineiridology.eu)

How did the horse most likely acquire this infection? (capcvet.org)
Resistance is the ability of worms in a population to survive treatments that are generally effective against the same species and stage of infection. (progeq.com)
Infection of horses is by ingestion of these larvae. (usask.ca)
EquiSal saliva testing is successfully utilised by horse owners to diagnose infection to reduce the number of tapeworm treatments needed, resulting in more than two thirds of horses tested, not requiring treatment. (thehorsehub.co.uk)
In conclusion, the mini-FLOTAC technique can be preferred when an accurate diagnosis of a low infection level is necessary, e.g. to detect anthelmintic resistance. (ugent.be)

Fecal samples were collected 2 weeks after treatment for determination of fecal egg counts (FECs), and percentage reductions were calculated by comparing data from anthelmintic-treated and control groups. (avma.org)
Dr. Chris Clark, Assistant Professor, Large Animal Clinical Sciences at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM) at the University of Saskatchewan recently completed a 12-month study on 60 mares and their foals on a Saskatchewan farm using monthly fecal egg counts and considered clinical signs to determine if an individual horse should receive deworming treatments. (horse-canada.com)

Following the news that the only two drugs licensed for tapeworm control in horses in the UK are showing signs of treatment failure in the USA( Nielsen 2023), Austin Davis Biologics (ADB) have reissued guidance on the use of EquiSal saliva testing to inform on tapeworm control. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

EPRUMA partners have recognised the emerging risk of anthelmintic resistance and agree that it is time to take action to ensure the responsible use of veterinary anthelmintics in food-producing animals. (epruma.eu)
Dr. Laura Peachey, Senior Lecturer in Veterinary Parasitology at Bristol Veterinary School, UK, explored the relationship between anthelmintic administration and the horse microbiota. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
Apr 22, 2018 the horse owners veterinary handbook 3rd edition is still as useful and easy to navigate as the original, classic text. (web.app)
Pdf download veterinary notes for horse owners read full ebook. (web.app)
Horse owners veterinary handbook, second edition, gives all horsemen, including the 100,000 owners of the first edition, the means to achieve this goal. (web.app)
Horse owners veterinary handbook by giffin, james m. (web.app)
About horse owners veterinary handbook book horse owners veterinary handbook published in 2008 and the writer of the veterinary science medical book by tom gore read more january 29, 2019 january 29, 2019 admin. (web.app)
Horse owners veterinary handbook by thomas gore, dvm. (web.app)
Horse owners veterinary handbook 3rd edition free pdf. (web.app)
Horse owners veterinary handbook pdf free download epdf. (web.app)
Horse owners veterinary handbook edition 3 by thomas gore. (web.app)
You would probably find one of these books either in a vet store, online, horse owners veterinary handbook the book horse owners veterinary handbook by. (web.app)
Professor Jacqui Matthews, RCVS Recognised Specialist in Veterinary Parasitology and Director of Veterinary Science at ADB, advises, "in horses that report with a borderline or moderate/high saliva score, their management should be evaluated to determine what improvements could be made to help prevent tapeworm reinfection from the pasture. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

EQUIMAX Oral Paste effectively controls gastrointestinal nematodes, cestodes and bots of horses. (nih.gov)
The other groups of GI nematodes of horses are the large, non-migratory strongyles, and the small strongyles, also known as the trichonemes, cyathostomes, or more usually now, the cyathostomins. (usask.ca)

Suspected resistance to levamisole and moxidectin was found on 4 and 3 farms, respectively. (avma.org)

The high prevalence of resistance to multiple anthelmintics emphasizes the need for reexamination of nematode control practices. (avma.org)
Objective -To determine the prevalence and clinical implications of anthelmintic resistance in cyathostomes of horses. (avma.org)

Strongyles, while a serious problem for horses in many areas, may be less significant in western Canada due to susceptibility to weather. (horse-canada.com)
More than half the horses referred to hospital did not survive the mass outbreak of encysted strongyles in their gut. (horsetalk.co.nz)
In adult horses, small strongyles and tapeworms are the largest concerns. (horsemansnews.com)
Three species of large strongyles affect horses: Strongylus vulgaris, Strongylus edentates, and Strongylus equinus. (horsemansnews.com)
The small strongyles are specifically associated with colitis in horses . (succeed-vet.com)
There have been 8 genera and more than 40 species of small strongyles found in the cecum and colon of domesticated horses. (succeed-vet.com)
Diagnosing small strongyles as the cause of colitis in horses is challenging, as the syndrome is related to the worm's larval stage. (succeed-vet.com)
Strongylus vulgaris , together with S. edentatus and S. equinus , are grouped as the migratory large strongyles of horses on the basis of the relative size of the adults and the extensive migrations of the developing larvae in the horse. (usask.ca)
2 In horses, fenbendazole is labeled for the removal of large strongyles ( Strongylus edentatus, S equinus, S vulgaris, Triodontophorus spp ), small strongyles ( Cyathostomum spp, Cylicocyclus spp, Cylicostephanus spp, Cylicodontophorus spp ), ascarids ( Parascaris equorum ) and pinworms ( Oxyuris equi ). (nexgenvetrx.com)
The strongyles, or bloodworms, are the most dangerous of the parasites that infest horses and they are common in horses of all ages, barring foals. (equineiridology.eu)
McKenzie says in the 1960s, a number of studies focused on large strongyles in horses. (cfmanestream.com)
Horses infected with large strongyles often underwent surgery for removal and repair of dead intestine, but didn't usually fare well after the surgery. (cfmanestream.com)
McKenzie says because the outcome for many horses was death, large strongyles were the focus of parasite control programs at that time. (cfmanestream.com)
Most horses get adequate enough deworming that large strongyles are not an issue," said McKenzie. (cfmanestream.com)

The high frequency of anthelmintic resistance amongst GINs has prompted the search for sustainable alternatives. (mdpi.com)

For the treatment and control of worms and bots in horses with a single dose. (nih.gov)
Instead, owners should aim to kill enough worms to stop horses becoming ill and leave those that have not been exposed to the drugs, so resistance is not passed on in reproduction. (horseandhound.co.uk)
All horses and ponies on the yard, which need to be treated for worms should be all wormed at the same time. (horsehealthprogramme.co.uk)
When you administer a dewormer product to your horse it will necessarily be most effective against the adult sexually active worms that are the most sensitive and it will leave behind those worms that are the most resistant. (horsemenslab.com)
As horses move around from place to place, these resistant worms are spread on the pasture to other grazing herds. (horsemenslab.com)
Eggs produced by adult worms are then shed in the horse's feces where they can potentially infect other horses. (nexgenvetrx.com)
The best method for confirming whether or not a horse has worms is to perform a fecal egg count and blood test. (nexgenvetrx.com)
If it is not too late, a better alternative is to determine the resistance status in the property and to rotate among products (not mixtures) against which the worms have not yet developed resistance, stopping the use of those chemical classes that have already shown resistance problems. (parasitipedia.net)
As is pretty obvious, worms will compete with horses for their food and, in some cases, suck the blood from the horse's digestive tract, causing damage that will be permanent and can affect the horse secreting the chemicals necessary for it to digest its food properly. (equineiridology.eu)
In extreme cases, the worms can be so large that they can actually block the digestive tract, causing the horse to become seriously ill or even die. (equineiridology.eu)
In the wild, horses are found to have less worms than in a domesticated environment, especially where horses are kept in small confined paddocks. (equineiridology.eu)
Most parasitical worms are passed between horses, via the droppings. (equineiridology.eu)
It is more important to control these worms in adult horses than in young animals. (equineiridology.eu)
It is still moderately used in swine, poultry, horses, dogs and cats because ascarids are often the most damaging worms in these species. (parasitipedia.net)
Fenbendazole is a common anthelmintic drug used to treat parasites and worms in animals (common brands include Pancur, Safe-Guard) and has been found to be effective against certain cancers in humans. (purgweb.com)

The Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) is the only method, currently, for detecting resistance in parasites of horses. (progeq.com)
Peregrine AS, Molento MB, Kaplan RM, Nielsen MK (2014) "Anthelmintic resistance in important parasites of horses: does it really matter? (researchonequine.ca)

Larval Cyathostominosis in Horses Larval cyathostominosis is a clinical syndrome caused by mass emergence of encysted cyathostomin larvae from the large intestinal walls. (merckvetmanual.com)
Large strongyle larvae are found on pastures and are ingested while the horse grazes - the larvae "swim" up blades of grass in water droplets to increase their chances of being eaten. (horsemansnews.com)
Experimental work suggests, however, that larvae newly arrived in the intestinal wall (prior to arterial migration) might be a significant cause of colic in some horses. (usask.ca)
If a grazing horse eats these larvae, they can remain dormant in the intestinal lining for long periods of time. (equineiridology.eu)

This entry was posted in News & Research , Worming and tagged anthelmintic resistance , EquiSal saliva test , tapeworm resistance in horses , Tapeworm test for horses . (thehorsehub.co.uk)

The generalized usage of anthelmintics leads to drug resistance as seen by increased reports of disease or death due to parasites. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
Anthelmintics select for parasites in the population that have mutations that confer drug resistance to that drug. (progeq.com)

All horses should be included in a regular parasite control program with particular attention being paid to mares, foals, and yearlings. (nih.gov)
Dr. Read is comparing the deworming needs of pasture-kept horses (broodmares, yearlings and foals) versus competition horses kept stalled or in indoor/outdoor turnout at a large Warmblood farm in Alberta. (horse-canada.com)
for example, ascarids are more likely to be found in foals and weanlings than mature horses. (horsemansnews.com)

LARGE numbers of horses will die owing to our inability to control their parasites if we do not change our worming practices. (horseandhound.co.uk)
every 12 weeks) to assess whether your horse needs worming. (horsehealthprogramme.co.uk)

This emergence is referred to as larval cyathostominosis, and is known to cause acute and potentially fatal colitis in horses. (succeed-vet.com)
Jarisch-Herxheimer-like reactions have been described in patients with heavy larval loads following the administration of anthelmintic medications. (medscape.com)

Fenbendazole is a broad spectrum methylcarbamate benzimidazole anthelmintic that is used for the reduction and removal of nematode and protozoal parasites in many species. (nexgenvetrx.com)

Resistance to anthelmintics is widespread and increasing as not many different groups of anthelmintic products are available. (veterinary-practice.com)

If a horse is kept in a pasture, the amount of land needed for basic maintenance varies with climate, an animal needs more land for grazing in a dry climate than in a moist one. (wikipedia.org)
2016). Later studies demonstrated that in all horses grazing fields where dung was removed frequently or horses that were stabled (i.e. very low exposure to new infections), EquiSal saliva scores reduced to a 'low' diagnosis within 12 weeks (Matthews et al. (thehorsehub.co.uk)
Jacqui Matthews further recommends that when horses test positive in the follow up test, "improvements in pasture management should be undertaken, and/or a tapeworm treatment considered where appropriate, to prevent further grazing contamination with tapeworm eggs. (thehorsehub.co.uk)
All co-grazing horses should be tested at the same time in case they act as a continued source of tapeworm eggs. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

In this study, we use C. elegans to examine the mode of action and the mechanisms of resistance against the flatworm anthelmintic drug praziquantel (PZQ), used to treat trematode and cestode infections. (bvsalud.org)

Underdosing may result in ineffective treatment, and encourage the development of parasite resistance. (nih.gov)
Treatment with a dewormer used in conjunction with parasite management practices appropriate to the geographic area and the animal(s) to be treated may slow the development of parasite resistance. (horsemenslab.com)
Traditional deworming regimens recommended rotating drug classes to slow parasite resistance, but rotation has been found to have no effect on the development of resistance. (equimanagement.com)

If EquiSal saliva scores are persistently high despite the above measures, especially when seen in the majority of a herd and where pasture management is deemed appropriate, anthelmintic resistance should now be considered a possibility. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

In the Saskatchewan study, early results do seem to show that, even with only one annual deworming, adult horses were not clinically affected by strongyle infestation nor did high shedders remain high shedders. (horse-canada.com)

Increasing resistance to helminths has led to investigation of potential new treatments. (medscape.com)

A horse may have a 1,000 or 2,000 eggs-per-gram count, but how does it look? (equimanagement.com)
Horses that graze near areas where there are droppings can involuntarily pick up infected eggs whilst eating. (equineiridology.eu)
Horses that are carrying bloodworms will deposit the eggs in their dung most of the time. (equineiridology.eu)

Horses, ponies, mules, donkeys and other domesticated equids require attention from humans for optimal health and long life. (wikipedia.org)

There are hundreds of generic brands worldwide, also in mixtures with other anthelmintics. (justagric.com)
It is generally accepted that the use of mixtures of active ingredients with different modes of action against a given parasite can delay the appearance of resistance. (parasitipedia.net)

Each farm, stable or breeding operation may well require a tailored program suited to the needs of the individual horses living there, based on use, exposure and age. (horse-canada.com)

Are horses becoming resistant to tapeworm drugs? (thehorsehub.co.uk)
Validation of a novel saliva-based ELISA test for diagnosing tapeworm burden in horses. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

Worldwide, horses and other equids usually live outside with access to shelter for protection from the elements. (wikipedia.org)
Strongylus vulgaris occurs in horses and other equids throughout the world. (usask.ca)

Fourteen days after treatment, horses were euthanatized, necropsied, and large intestinal contents were processed for recovery of adult pinworms. (nih.gov)

Once resistance is present, the population of resistant parasites does not appear to revert to susceptibility so the aim is to prevent the development of resistance. (progeq.com)
Unfortunately, parasites have become increasingly resistant to many of the anthelmintics. (premier1supplies.com)

Caenorhabditis elegans is an established model to investigate anthelmintics used to treat roundworms. (bvsalud.org)
There are a few old reports on resistance of pig or poultry roundworms to piperazine but it seems not to be a major issue in most places. (parasitipedia.net)
Piperazine is a narrow-spectrum anthelmintic , effective almost only against ascarid roundworms (e.g. (parasitipedia.net)

The introduction of anthelmintics in the middle of the 20th century (Holden-Dye and Walker, 2014) revolutionised the treatment of PGE. (veterinary-practice.com)
In this state of hypobiosis they are much less affected by anthelmintic treatment. (succeed-vet.com)
In severe cases successful treatment can be expected in around 40% of horses (Mair 2002). (succeed-vet.com)
We are equipped to undertake around-the-clock observation and treatment of critically ill horses. (chinehousevets.co.uk)
Our isolation unit permits the hospitalisation and treatment of horses suffering from contagious diseases. (chinehousevets.co.uk)
The anthelmintic (deworming) treatment was effective for that parasite, but not a good paradigm for other parasites. (cfmanestream.com)
Although many horse owners don't recall the days of the veterinarian using a tube to administer a deworming treatment, it was the only means of treating horses for parasites. (cfmanestream.com)
Every horse got the same treatment on a schedule. (cfmanestream.com)

As horses evolved as continuous grazers, it is better to feed small amounts of feed throughout the day than to feed a large amount at one time. (wikipedia.org)

are beginning to fail because of the development of anthelmintic resistance in parasites. (avma.org)
A decrease in a drug's effectiveness over time as calculated by fecal egg count reduction tests may indicate the development of resistance to the dewormer administered. (horsemenslab.com)
The issue of resistance is compounded by the lack of development of new products. (equimanagement.com)
We also proposed a more selective deworming method that could slow the development of resistance considerably. (equusmagazine.com)

Animals -80 horses on 10 farms in a 5-county region of northeast Georgia. (avma.org)
In horses as in any other animals, there is evidence that the microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining gut homeostasis and gut health, representing a fascinating modulator of animal well-being and immunity. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
Age resistance is also important (older animals cope better than younger ones). (veterinary-practice.com)
Many horses with S. vulgaris never show clinical signs but in some animals the parasite is associated with disturbances in intestinal function, notably colic. (usask.ca)
These are naturally occurring bacteria, not ones that would infect a horse, people or other animals," he explained. (equimanagement.com)
Its anthelmintic properties for animals were discovered in the 1950's. (parasitipedia.net)

Clinical signs have not been well described, but it has been implicated as a cause of weight loss in horses. (merckvetmanual.com)
These clinical signs and symptoms are typically found in horses with large, overwhelming parasite loads. (horsemansnews.com)

Network analysis of Standardbred horse movements between racetracks in Canada and the United States in 2019: Implications for disease spread and control" Prev Vet Med. (researchonequine.ca)
2019) "Horses' Labour and Work-lives: New Intellectual and Ethical Directions. (researchonequine.ca)

In young horses infected with ascarids, diarrhea is also a common symptom. (horsemansnews.com)

These findings confirm that the minority of a herd harbours the majority of the parasites and that most are carried by young horses. (horse-canada.com)
For example, young horses are rarely going to have negative egg counts, because it's natural for that population to have strongyle and ascarid counts into the thousands. (equimanagement.com)

Cyathostomins are parasites omnipresent in horses that can lead to significant gut health issues. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)

Learn more about resistance and how it develops . (parasitipedia.net)

Since 2010, there have been reports of resistance to every available class of wormer and there is "absolutely no suggestion of any new classes" in the foreseeable future. (horseandhound.co.uk)
This approach reduces the risk of wormer resistance as drug use is saved for horses with potentially disease-causing burdens. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

Benzimidazole resistance has been noted in Cyathostomum spp found in the United States. (nexgenvetrx.com)

The pastured young horse group showed eight horses with high egg counts - some had this occur only once in the study period and some had repeat high counts despite deworming. (horse-canada.com)
The group reached out to me to help them implement a plan, and I was happy to travel to educate extension officers in various regions around the state on how to do egg counts and direct horse owners toward the best practices. (equusmagazine.com)

To lower the risk of laminitis, horses also may need to be removed from lush, rapidly changing grass for short periods in the spring and fall (autumn), when the grass is particularly high in non-structural carbohydrates such as fructans. (wikipedia.org)
The pastured horses, on the other hand, showed one individual with a high FEC over the 12-month period. (horse-canada.com)
As a consequence, nutrient absorption was impaired, especially in horses with a high burden. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
In light of the concerning reports of emerging resistance in the USA, ADB stress the importance of taking the correct action for horses who routinely have borderline or moderate/high EquiSal saliva scores. (thehorsehub.co.uk)

Anatomy1

Organisms39

Diseases22

Chemicals and Drugs27

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes17

Information Science1

Geographicals1

Equine23

Efficacy5

Goats9

Albendazole2

Ivermectin6

Internal parasites11

Ruminants5

Parasitic8

Livestock6

Dewormers5

Benzimidazoles3

Sheep1

Worm10

Infection5

Fecal Egg Counts2

20231

Veterinary13

Nematodes2

Moxidectin1

Prevalence2

Strongyles14

GINs1

Worms15

Parasites of horses2

Larvae4

Saliva test1

Drug resistance2

Foals3

Worming2

Larval2

Broad-spectrum1

Widespread1

Grazing4

Praziquantel1

Parasite resistance3

Pasture management1

Clinically1

Helminths1

Eggs3

Humans1

Mixtures2

Exposure1

Tapeworm2

Equids2

Pinworms1

Resistant2

Roundworms3

Treatment8

Feed small1

Development4

Animals6

Clinical signs2

20192

Ascarids1

Young horses2

Cyathostomins1

Develops1

Wormer2

Benzimidazole1

Counts2

High4