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Pituitary Gland, AnteriorPituitary GlandPituitary NeoplasmsPituitary Hormones, AnteriorThyrotropin-Releasing HormoneProlactinSomatotrophsLactotrophsGrowth HormoneGrowth Hormone-Releasing HormoneAdrenocorticotropic HormoneGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneThyrotrophsLuteinizing HormoneGonadotrophsPituitary HormonesTranscription Factor Pit-1Corticotropin-Releasing HormonePituitary DiseasesCells, CulturedFollicle Stimulating HormonePro-OpiomelanocortinEndocrine CellsSomatostatinbeta-EndorphinInhibinsRats, Inbred StrainsReceptors, Thyrotropin-Releasing HormoneDelta Sleep-Inducing PeptideThyrotropinEstradiolActivinsRadioimmunoassayCorticotrophsEndorphinsRats, WistarPituitary Function TestsPituitary Gland, PosteriorReceptors, LHRHPituitary ApoplexyGonadotropins, PituitaryRNA, MessengerAdenomaOvariectomySheepArginine VasopressinPituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating PolypeptideHypopituitarismCalciumProlactinomaPituitary Hormone-Releasing HormonesCell LineFollicle Stimulating Hormone, beta SubunitRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating HormoneCyclic AMPEstrogensHypothalamusImmunohistochemistryKineticsMedian EminenceDose-Response Relationship, DrugGlycoprotein Hormones, alpha SubunitGene Expression RegulationLuteinizing Hormone, beta SubunitDopamineHypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemIon ChannelsProtein Kinase CPituitary ACTH HypersecretionGrowth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary AdenomaBromocriptineACTH-Secreting Pituitary AdenomaHuman Growth HormoneFollistatinbeta-LipotropinCell MembraneTime FactorsErgolinesGonadotropinsCalcium ChannelsPituitary IrradiationDwarfism, PituitaryReceptors, NeuropeptideProestrusSecretory RateNeuropeptidesVasoactive Intestinal PeptideCorticosteroneTriiodothyronineHypothalamic HormonesEstrusReceptors, SomatostatinThyroxineGalaninThyrotropin, beta SubunitSella TurcicaHormone AntagonistsHypophysectomyHyperprolactinemia
GlandHypothalamic-pituHypothalamusSecretionReceptorsStalkDevelops from Rathke's pouchAdenomasGonadotropin-releasiHormoneNeurohypophysisRegulationGonadotropic cellsSecreteStimulationAdenohypophysisProlactinModulationRathke'sOvaryTumorReceptorGnRHACTHNeuralReproductiveDopamineStimulatesAxisCorticotrophsPars distalisDistinctTumorsMembraneActivatesPosterior lobesProduce hormonesPrimary culturesRatsAbstractCulturesProliferationPhysiologyTissueInferiorLevelsSpermRegulatePoorly
Gland31
Hypothalamic-pitu1
  • Decades of research on this receptor has demonstrated its importance to the modulation of social recognition memory, social forms of aggression, and modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, particularly under conditions of acute stress. (frontiersin.org)
Hypothalamus14
  • The pituitary stalk connects the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neuroendocrine cells in the hypothalamus project axons to the median eminence, at the base of the brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • The neurohypophysis, or posterior pituitary, is an inferior extension of the hypothalamus, which descends to lie in close proximity to the anterior pituitary. (ajnr.org)
  • Although the anterior lobe completely loses its connections with the primitive nasopharynx, the posterior lobe maintains its relationship with the hypothalamus throughout life. (ajnr.org)
  • Chimento A, Sirianni R, Casaburi I, Pezzi V. Role of Estrogen Receptors and G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Regulation of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Testis Axis and Spermatogenesis. (scielo.br)
  • In the brain, the principal dopamine systems arise from cells in the midbrain and the hypothalamus. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • The dopamine cells of the hypothalamus project via the tuberoinfundibular tract to the infundibulum and anterior pituitary. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • It is connected through the pituitary stalk with the hypothalamus. (howmed.net)
  • Neurohypophysis or posterior pituitary (neural tissue outgrowth from hypothalamus) c. (howmed.net)
  • Anterior pituitary secretions are regulated by the hormones from hypothalamus , acting through the hypothalamic-hypophysial portal system. (howmed.net)
  • FSH, LH, and TSH, mainly expressed in the anterior pituitary, are essential for coordinated endocrine regulation in the hypothalamus- pituitary axis and show to activate specific G protein-coupled receptors in the thyroid (TSH receptor) and gonads (LH and FSH receptors), respectively. (biovendor.com)
  • The release of these pituitary hormones is mediated by hypothalamic neurohormones that are secreted from the median eminence (a site where axon terminals emanate from the hypothalamus) and that reach the adenohypophysis via a portal venous system. (medscape.com)
  • Instead, it is a site where axons project from neuronal cell bodies in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. (medscape.com)
  • The infundibulum pierces the diaphragma sellae in order to connect the pituitary to the hypothalamus. (medscape.com)
Secretion12
  • Therefore it is suitable for the study of various aspects of pituitary secretion and its control. (rupress.org)
  • Before puberty, the rate of secretion of ___ and ___ from the anterior pituitary are very low. (flashcardmachine.com)
  • Stimulates the secretion of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary. (flashcardmachine.com)
  • binds to Sertoli cells and promotes sperm cell development and inhibin secretion. (flashcardmachine.com)
  • Faculty in our genetics and cell biology group investigate the genetic basis for animal growth, disease resistance, and nutrient efficiency, and the mechanisms underlying nutrient uptake, cellular differentiation, and lipid secretion. (umd.edu)
  • 1 More than 95% of cases are caused by autonomous secretion of GH from anterior pituitary tumours and result in clonal expansion of somatotrophs. (hkmj.org)
  • Nonfunctioning pituitary mass lesions also can increase prolactin levels by compressing the pituitary stalk and thus interrupting the action of dopamine , which normally suppresses prolactin secretion. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Neuromedin B (NMB), a member of the bombesin-like peptide family, regulates endocrine secretion and cell proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The effects of PD168368 on hormone secretion and cell proliferation were studied in vitro, in vivo and in seven patient-derived corticotroph adenoma cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: In murine AtT-20 cells, PD168368 reduced proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) mRNA/protein expression and ACTH secretion as well as cell proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
  • In patient-derived adenoma cells, PD168368 reduced POMC mRNA expression in four out of seven cases and ACTH secretion in two out of five cases. (bvsalud.org)
  • ACTH secreted by corticotroph cells is released into the circulation and acts on the adrenal cortex to produce hyperplasia and stimulate the secretion of adrenal steroids. (medscape.com)
Receptors9
  • When a hormone is present in excessive levels, the number of target-cell receptors may decrease. (proprofs.com)
  • When there is an excess of hormone, the target cells reduce the number of receptors on their surface to decrease their sensitivity to the hormone. (proprofs.com)
  • Instead, they bind to receptors on the cell surface, triggering a cascade of events that ultimately leads to the activation of a second messenger inside the cell. (proprofs.com)
  • Differential binding of mammalian and salmon GnRHs with rat and carp pituitary receptors. (nel.edu)
  • The expression of thyrostimulin in the anterior pituitary known to express TSH receptors suggested a paracrine mechanism. (jci.org)
  • G protein-coupled receptors , also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein-linked receptors , comprise a large protein family of transmembrane receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • 1999. Transactivation activity of human, zebrafish, and rainbow trout aryl hydrocarbon receptors expressed in COS-7 cells: Greater insight into species differences in toxic potency of polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxin, dibenzofuran, and biphenyl congeners. (cdc.gov)
  • These experiments suggest that effects of androgens on developing B cells are mediated through androgen receptors in bone marrow stromal cells. (jci.org)
  • Cetrorelix acetate for injection competes with natural GnRH for binding to membrane receptors on pituitary cells and thus controls the release of LH and FSH in a dose-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
Stalk6
  • Pars tuberalis The pars tuberalis (tubular part) forms a part of the sheath extending up from the pars distalis, which joins with the pituitary stalk (also known as the infundibular stalk or infundibulum), arising from the posterior lobe. (wikipedia.org)
  • On the basis of these facts, it is understandable that the hypophyseal stalk or posterior pituitary can be a host to all the neoplastic processes that originate from the glial cell series. (ajnr.org)
  • On MR imaging, a posterior pituitary mass, isointense on T1-weighted images (T1WI) and hyperintense on T2-weighted images (T2WI), was identified, without significant involvement of the stalk. (ajnr.org)
  • The imaging study performed before this admission demonstrated a bulky pituitary mass, as well as a bulky stalk with suprasellar extension and attenuated nonhomogenous enhancement. (ajnr.org)
  • They are modified glial cells of empendymal cell lineage located in the neurohypophysis and pituitary stalk. (ajnr.org)
  • These hypothalamic cell bodies produce hormones that undergo axonal transport through the pituitary stalk and into terminal axons within the neurohypophysis. (medscape.com)
Develops from Rathke's pouch1
  • Adenohypophysis or anterior pituitary (develops from Rathke's pouch) b. (howmed.net)
Adenomas1
  • Pituitary adenomas that secrete ACTH are derived from corticotroph cells in the anterior pituitary. (medscape.com)
Gonadotropin-releasi1
Hormone18
  • Throughout this period, the cells incorporate linearly [ 3 H]leucine into protein for up to 4 h at a rate 90% greater than hemipituitaries, and they synthesize, transport intracellularly, and release the two major pituitary secretory products, growth hormone and prolactin. (rupress.org)
  • Immediately after dissociation the cells' ability to respond to secretogogues (high K + and dibutyryl cyclic AMP) is impaired, but after a 6-12-h culture period, the cells apparently recover and discharge 24% and 52%, respectively, of their content of prelabeled growth hormone over a 3-h period in response to these two secretogogues. (rupress.org)
  • Proper functioning of the anterior pituitary and of the organs it regulates can often be ascertained via blood tests that measure hormone levels. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] The anterior pituitary is composed of three regions: Pars distalis The pars distalis (distal part) comprises the majority of the anterior pituitary and is where the bulk of pituitary hormone production occurs. (wikipedia.org)
  • This suggests that the presence of hormone at the cell surface may be a characteristic and identifying feature of different anterior pituitary cell types. (arizona.edu)
  • What is a major difference in the action of a water soluble hormone versus a lipid soluble hormone on a cell? (proprofs.com)
  • Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) or Müllerian-inhibiting substance, a dimeric glycoprotein secreted by granulosa cells of the preantral and small antral ovarian follicles. (cdc.gov)
  • Each cell in the body contains hormone receptor cites. (nairaland.com)
  • Once a hormone fits into a cell's receptor, it gives the cell instructions. (nairaland.com)
  • Avpr1b expression in the anterior pituitary corticotrophs helps synergize the Avp signal with corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) to facilitate the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). (frontiersin.org)
  • Another critical function that is regulated by the circadian pacemaker is the discharge of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary that triggers ovulation. (umass.edu)
  • Once the egg is released a secondary reaction happens, the group of hormone producing follicle cells inside the ovary become the corpus luteum which then produces estrogen and progesterone causing the endometrium to mature in order to support an implanted embryo. (conceivingconcepts.com)
  • This particular family member is expressed in the pituitary but not in placental tissue as is the case for the other four genes in the growth hormone locus. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • GnRH induces the production and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the gonadotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary. (nih.gov)
  • Thus growth hormone is a diabetogenic hormone producing pituitary diabetes (due to overproduction of glucose and decreased utilization). (howmed.net)
  • Moreover, orexins have been reported to greatly influence gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons and their secretions to regulate reproductive functions via modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. (researchgate.net)
  • Prolactin is the hormone most frequently produced in excess by pituitary tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [ 14 ] In addition to its direct effect on the oocytes and/or cumulus cells, GH may also influence oocyte quality indirectly, through activation of insulin-like growth factor-I synthesis or promotion of follicle-stimulating hormone-induced ovarian steroidogenesis (reviewed in [ 15 ] ). (medscape.com)
Neurohypophysis4
  • We report two cases of posterior pituitary astrocytomas in middle-aged women presenting as focal lesions of the neurohypophysis. (ajnr.org)
  • The cellular composition of the neurohypophysis is that of specialized glial cells (pituicytes) together with their axons. (ajnr.org)
  • The posterior pituitary, being part of the neurohypophysis, harbors specialized glial cells named "pituicytes. (ajnr.org)
  • Hormones secreted by neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary). (medscape.com)
Regulation6
  • The role of leptin and orexins in the dysfunction of hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal regulation and in the mechanism of hyperactivity in patients with anorexia nervosa. (nel.edu)
  • For information on therapeutic regulation of gene expression, see therapeutic gene modulation.Regulation of gene expression includes the processes that cells and viruses use to regulate the way that the information in genes is turned into gene products. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is a key neuroen-docrine regulation system involved in the growth and reproduction of poultry. (scielo.br)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in regenerative medicine and clinical therapy due to their capabilities of proliferation, differentiation, and immune regulation. (techscience.com)
  • Studying mechanisms and dynamics of calcium signal regulation inside neuroendocrine cells. (laserfocusworld.com)
  • Recent research also has thrown lights upon a significant role of orexins, especially orexin A, in regulation of male reproductive functions owing to their receptor expressions in vital testicular cells, such as Leydig cells, Sertoli cells as well as spermatozoa at different developmental stages, even in the epididymis and penis. (researchgate.net)
Gonadotropic cells1
  • Receptor binding of GnRH is connected with the stimulation of pituitary gonadotropic cells leading to both the release and bio. (nel.edu)
Secrete4
  • These interfaces comprise hypothalamic axonal termini, which store and secrete the neurohormones oxytocin and vasopressin, astroglial-like cells termed pituicytes and permeable (i.e. fenestrated) blood vessels, through which the neurohormones are released into the general circulation without disrupting the blood-brain barrier. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete two hormones. (flashcardmachine.com)
  • stimulates interstitial cells to secrete testosterone. (flashcardmachine.com)
  • Glucocorticoid-secreting tumors are derived from these cells and, thus, may secrete both glucocorticoids and androgens. (medscape.com)
Stimulation2
  • This represents a stimulation of 109% and 470% over that released by cells incubated in control medium. (rupress.org)
  • It occurs as a negative feedback mechanism to prevent excessive stimulation of the target cells. (proprofs.com)
Adenohypophysis3
  • Hormones secreted by adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary). (medscape.com)
  • The transition from Rathke's pouch to the adenohypophysis involves the formation of the pars distalis from the rapidly proliferating anterior wall, the pars intermedia from the less active posterior wall, and the pars tuberalis from an upward outgrowth of the anterior wall. (medscape.com)
  • The adenohypophysis constitutes roughly 80% of the pituitary and manufactures an array of peptide hormones. (medscape.com)
Prolactin2
Modulation5
  • Involvement of the cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript peptide (CART 55-102) in the modulation of rat immune cell activity. (nel.edu)
  • Bik W, Skwarlo-Sonta K, Szelagiewicz J, Wolinska-Witort E, Chmielowska M, Martynska L, Baranowska-Bik A, Baranowska B. Involvement of the cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript peptide (CART 55-102) in the modulation of rat immune cell activity. (nel.edu)
  • Our hypothesis is that L-DOPA produces direct effects on anterior pituitary function, including the modulation of proliferation and apoptosis processes. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Given the complexity of the central Avp system, as well as the many behaviors Avp is known to affect, this review will focus on the role of Avp signaling via the Avpr1b in the modulation of behaviors such as social memory and aggression as well as the importance of this system to the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. (frontiersin.org)
  • 1999-2001, Assistant Professor at the Medical university of South Carolina, studying single cell mechanisms of calcium dependent modulation of exocytosis, and gene expression in anterior pituitary cells. (laserfocusworld.com)
Rathke's2
  • The anterior pituitary is derived from the ectoderm, more specifically from that of Rathke's pouch, part of the developing hard palate in the embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • The anterior wall of Rathke's pouch proliferates, filling most of the pouch to form the pars distalis and the pars tuberalis. (wikipedia.org)
Ovary3
  • Estradiol is produced primarily in the ovary (follicle, corpus luteum), but small quantities are also formed in the testes and in the adrenal cortex, as well as in fat cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Erythropoiesis and RBC numbers are also affected by hormones from the adrenal cortex, thyroid, ovary, testis, and anterior pituitary. (ivis.org)
  • LH increases the amount of estrogen produced by follicle cells in the ovary. (conceivingconcepts.com)
Tumor2
  • Summary: Astrocytoma, or pituicytoma, of the posterior pituitary is a relatively rare entity consisting of poorly characterized glial tumor cells. (ajnr.org)
  • Nonpituitary ectopic sources of ACTH, such as small-cell lung carcinoma (oat cell carcinoma), carcinoid tumor, medullary thyroid carcinoma, or other neuroendocrine tumors can result in high ACTH levels and sequentially hypercortisolism. (medscape.com)
Receptor3
  • The stromal cell requirement for androgen-mediated effects was confirmed in vivo by experiments using chimeric animals created by bone marrow transplantation in which androgen receptor expression was restricted to either the stromal or lymphoid cells of the bone marrow. (jci.org)
  • Receptor tyrosine kinases including EGFR, HER-2 and c-Met and non receptor tyrosine kinase including Jaks are selectively expressed in primary tissue and metastatic tumour of advanced ovarian cancer cells. (otago.ac.nz)
  • GH receptor is expressed in human oocytes and cumulus cells, [ 12 , 13 ] and GH has been shown to promote in vitro nuclear maturation of denuded human oocytes. (medscape.com)
GnRH4
  • The effect of valproate (VPA) treatment on inositol phosphates (IPs) accumulation in non-stimulated and GnRH-treated female rat anterior pituitary cells in vitro. (nel.edu)
  • Wasilewska-Dziubinska E, Gajewska A, Herman A, Wolinska-Witort E, Skrzypska J, Martynska L, Kalisz M, Chmielowska M. The effect of valproate (VPA) treatment on inositol phosphates (IPs) accumulation in non-stimulated and GnRH-treated female rat anterior pituitary cells in vitro. (nel.edu)
  • Valproate inhibits GnRH-induced gonadotropin release from anterior pituitary cells of male rat in vitro. (nel.edu)
  • Wasilewska-Dziubinska E, Gajewska A, Wolinska-Witort E, Chmielowska M, Martynska L, Elbanowski J, Kochman K. Valproate inhibits GnRH-induced gonadotropin release from anterior pituitary cells of male rat in vitro. (nel.edu)
ACTH3
  • 85â€"97% of the labeled cells contained detectable intracellular PRL, while fewer than 2% contained detectable GH, ACTH, LH, or TSH. (arizona.edu)
  • Subpopulations of live anterior pituitary cells could also be labeled on the cell surface by antibodies against GH, ACTH, LH, or TSH. (arizona.edu)
  • ACTH level in ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome is low due to the negative feedback to pituitary corticotroph cells from a high level of serum cortisol. (medscape.com)
Neural3
  • In all animals, the fleshy, glandular anterior pituitary is distinct from the neural composition of the posterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2023). Neural plate progenitors give rise to both anterior and posterior pituitary cells. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The oral ectoderm and neural ectoderm that form the pituitary anlagen are in close contact during early embryogenesis, and this connection is critical for pituitary development. (medscape.com)
Reproductive3
  • The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is an important component of the endocrine system, regulating reproductive functions of the body. (scielo.br)
  • The reproductive organs of mammals produce the gametes (sperm and egg cells), help them fertilize and then support the developing embryo. (wikibooks.org)
  • They produce the reproductive cells (ova and sperm). (medlineplus.gov)
Dopamine1
  • Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on dopamine release from PC12 cells. (cdc.gov)
Stimulates3
  • It stimulates specific cells to produce testosterone. (nairaland.com)
  • Erythropoietin stimulates platelet production as well as red cell production. (ivis.org)
  • The heterodimer also stimulates cAMP production and thymidine incorporation by cultured thyroid cells and increases serum thyroxine levels in TSH-suppressed rats in vivo. (biovendor.com)
Axis1
  • In brief, HS caused dysfunction of the corresponding target organs of the HPG axis in Wenchang chicks, and this affected the normal growth and development of the cells' HPG axis. (scielo.br)
Corticotrophs2
Pars distalis3
  • The pars distalis contains two types of cells, including chromophobe cells and chromophil cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microanatomy of the pars distalis showing chromophobes, basophils, and acidophils Eosinophilic follicles are a common normal finding in the anterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pars intermedia The pars intermedia (intermediate part) sits between the pars distalis and the posterior pituitary, forming the boundary between the anterior and posterior pituitaries. (wikipedia.org)
Distinct2
  • So, while central signaling of Avp via the Avpr1b is often considered distinct from its pituitary action, it is important to consider how they may interact. (frontiersin.org)
  • The new cells are young and morphologically distinct (large, polychromatophilic - see morphology section). (ivis.org)
Tumors1
  • In brief, frozen sections of profiled tumors were examined by hematoxylin-and-eosin, and areas rich in neoplastic cells were cut from the frozen blocks. (nature.com)
Membrane6
  • Water soluble hormones, such as peptide hormones, cannot pass through the cell membrane due to their hydrophilic nature. (proprofs.com)
  • In contrast, lipid soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, can easily pass through the cell membrane due to their hydrophobic nature. (proprofs.com)
  • The cell membrane or plasma membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • To facilitate this exchange, red cells consist essentially of gas-carrying soluble protein (hemoglobin) surrounded by a protective cell membrane. (ivis.org)
  • The glycolytic pathway allows the cell to produce energy to maintain membrane stability with minimal utilization of oxygen. (ivis.org)
Activates2
  • Extracellular adenosine triphosphate activates phospholipase C and mobilizes intracellular calcium in primary cultures of sheep anterior pituitary cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • activates adenyl cyclase (cAMP production) in thyroid cells leading to production and release of the thyroid hormones (T4 and T3). (poisonfluoride.com)
Posterior lobes1
  • It is composed of three lobes: the anterior, intermediate, and posterior lobes. (wikipedia.org)
Produce hormones1
  • These cells all together produce hormones of the anterior pituitary and release them into the blood stream. (wikipedia.org)
Primary cultures2
  • In primary cultures of sheep anterior pituitary cells extracellular ATP (ED50 0.4-0.8 microM) stimulated efflux of 45Ca2+ from a slow-turnover intracellular pool. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Then, we evaluated the direct effect of L-DOPA on anterior pituitary primary cultures and GH3 cells. (conicet.gov.ar)
Rats5
  • The influence of cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) on pituitary hormones, corticosterone and leptin levels in starved rats. (nel.edu)
  • Chmielowska M, Baranowska-Bik A, Baranowska B, Wolinska-Witort E, Martynska L, Bik W. The influence of cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) on pituitary hormones, corticosterone and leptin levels in starved rats. (nel.edu)
  • Administration of L-DOPA to ovariectomized female rats (50 mg/kg i.p., 6 h) increased the percentage of hypodiploid anterior pituitary cells (determined by FACS) (% Sub G0-G1, media ± SEM. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • In cultured anterior pituitary cells from ovariectomized rats, L-DOPA (10-5 M, 6h) decreased the apoptotic index (determined by TUNEL assay. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • The heterodimer also stimulated cAMP production and thymidine incorporation by cultured thyroid cells and increased serum thyroxine levels in TSH-suppressed rats in vivo. (jci.org)
Abstract1
  • abstract = "Suspensions of cells dissociated from the anterior pituitary of the adult rat include many that contain intracellular PRL. (arizona.edu)
Cultures1
  • To understand these factors, I am using three dimensional (3D) cell cultures, chicken embryos and a syngeneic mouse model to investigate the biological activity in ovarian cancer. (otago.ac.nz)
Proliferation5
  • L-DOPA affects anterior pituitary cell proliferation and apoptosis L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is released by hypothalamic neurons. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • We investigated L-DOPA effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of anterior pituitary cells. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • In summary, our results indicate that L-DOPA affects anterior pituitary cell proliferation and apoptosis, and suggest that treatment with L-DOPA may have consequences in the neuroendocrine system. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • In vitro studies based on MCF-7 cell proliferation and induction of vitellogenin in primary culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • The patient underwent a second TSS, and histology of the specimen revealed neoplastic proliferation of astrocytes and spindle-shaped cells with fascicles. (ajnr.org)
Physiology1
  • Red cell physiology is geared to facilitate function and protect red cell integrity. (ivis.org)
Tissue4
  • A new procedure has been developed for dissociating anterior pituitary tissue and producing a viable suspension of single cells. (rupress.org)
  • In vitro tissue engineering of smooth muscle sheets with peristalsis using a murine induced pluripotent stem cell line. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The primary function of the red cell is to carry oxygen to tissue cells and to carry carbon dioxide away. (ivis.org)
  • The fluidity of normal red cells allow them to traverse tortuous capillary beds leading to close approximation of red cells with tissue cells. (ivis.org)
Inferior1
  • The sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression that surrounds the inferior, anterior, and posterior aspects of the pituitary. (medscape.com)
Levels1
  • However, adenocarcinomas of the lung, and occasional breast, transitional cell and pancreatic carcinomas had moderate or high levels of HE4 expression. (nature.com)
Sperm1
Regulate1
  • Aside from hypothalamic control of the anterior pituitary, other systems in the body have been shown to regulate the anterior pituitary's function. (wikipedia.org)
Poorly1
  • Even though the exact insight mechanisms of how ascitic fluid exert to ovarian cancer cells is poorly defined, my research suggests that ascitic fluid can increase expression of oncogenic proteins in ovarian cancer cells and reduce the cellular uptake of targeted drugs. (otago.ac.nz)