Ancestor development homology. Medical search. Frequent questions

Homology candidate relations are integrated into a global network and groups of homologous genes are extracted by applying a community detection algorithm. (biomedcentral.com)
Homologous genes can be distinguished into paralogous, when homology occurs within the same genome, or orthologous, when homology occurs between different genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
The variations make the task of recognizing homologous genes difficult, especially when ancestor genomes are no more available. (biomedcentral.com)
The existence of homologies is explained by common ancestry, and according to modern definitions of homology, two structures in different species are homologous if they are derived from the same structure in the common ancestor. (asu.edu)
For example, homology of amino acids among a group of organisms does not necessarily imply that all of their coding nucleotides are homologous (see the figure above) - originally the nucleotides would also have been homologous, but insertions and deletions through time can break the original relationship between the amino acids and their coding nucleotides. (blogspot.com)
Similarly, homology of two anatomical features does not necessarily imply that their developmental sequences are homologous. (blogspot.com)
Developmental biologists therefore often prefer a process-oriented concept of homology, which they call 'biological homology', where homologous features are those sharing a set of developmental constraints (Wagner 1989). (blogspot.com)

Common descent is the scientific theory that all living organisms on Earth descend from a common ancestor. (rationalwiki.org)
Anatomical homologies - Throughout the domains of life, organisms show a distinct pattern of constraints based on homology in the development and construction of the body. (rationalwiki.org)
An understanding of both the genetic and structural composition of Salmonella and E. coli O antigens is necessary for the development of novel molecular methods for serotyping these organisms. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The homologies that are perhaps not evident by morphology-just comparing a hand and a fin-can be traced back to the genome, where you find that the regulatory regions that control the making of those structures are actually present and shared between these organisms. (answersingenesis.org)
Once perceived as an unimportant occurrence in living organisms, cell degeneration was reconfigured as an important biological phenomenon in development, aging, health, and diseases in the twentieth century. (asu.edu)
Homology results from adaptive radiation from a common ancestor, allowing organisms to adapt effectively to varied ecological niches. (tutorialspoint.com)
it indicates that various organisms share a common ancestor. (ipfs.io)
Analogous structures - structures similar in different organisms because they evolved in a similar environment , rather than were inherited from a recent common ancestor. (ipfs.io)

The criterion for true evolutionary homology in apparently similar processes is that they descend from a common ancestor that used the same process. (biomedcentral.com)

A step relevant to the evaluation of morphology between traits/features within species, includes an assessment of the terms: homology and homoplasy. (wikipedia.org)
A homoplasy is a character shared by a set of species but not present in their common ancestor . (chiangmaiplaces.net)
A homoplasy is a shared character between two or more animals that … and determine if their common ancestor is the reason they have wings. (chiangmaiplaces.net)
These are homology, serial homology, and homoplasy. (co.ma)

If the two species share a common ancestor, scientists should be able to figure out what happened to that chromosome. (rationalwiki.org)
Yet we see in the diagram that in six different vertebrates which allegedly inherited their front legs from a common ancestor, the front legs as well as the rear legs develop from entirely different groups of segments from species to species. (blogspot.com)
Alternatively, two species might share cognitive abilities because they have inherited them from a shared ancestor or have developmental modules in common. (edu.au)
correspondence or similarity in form or function between parts of different species or lineages that is not attributable to common ancestry but is the result especially of parallel or convergent evolution in similar environments or ecological niches - compare analogy, homology. (chiangmaiplaces.net)
Homology is a central concept of comparative and evolutionary biology, referring to the presence of the same bodily parts (e.g., morphological structures) in different species. (asu.edu)
common ancestor Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. (theinfolist.com)
Contrasting with high within-species nuclear genome divergence, mitochondrial genome divergence between the three ameiotic asexuals was very low, signifying that these putative hybrids share a recent common maternal ancestor. (bvsalud.org)
A comparison of the anatomy of different species of animals reveals significant anatomical similarities, clearly indicating their evolution via divergence from one or more common ancestors. (tutorialspoint.com)
Homology studies structures in different related species resulting from a shared ancestor, often expressed in a common embryological origin. (tutorialspoint.com)

However, proximal and distal limb segments may evolve differently from one another, reflecting an anatomical gradient of functional specialization that has been suggested to be impacted by the timing of development. (elifesciences.org)

Evolutionists use this similarity as evidence of a common ancestor that all animals grew out of and diverged from. (blogspot.com)
A challenge on this field is that of designing fast and adaptive similarity measures in order to find a suitable pan-genome structure of homology relations. (biomedcentral.com)
This is different from homology, which is when the similarity of traits can be parsimoniously explained by common ancestry. (chiangmaiplaces.net)

But the morphological identity between the two organs must be proved beyond dispute before the homology between them can be allowed. (co.ma)

We would therefore propose that the last common ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians had a "minimally indirect developing larvae" that underwent a similarly gradual settlement transition. (cam.ac.uk)
Our findings suggest that a posterior proliferation zone was absent in the last common ancestor of Onychophora and Arthropoda. (biomedcentral.com)

If they fall out as symplesiomorphies or synapomorphies in a phylogenetic analysis, their status as homologies remains unfalsified. (chiangmaiplaces.net)

This conserved state screams common ancestry, and the field of evolutionary development has expanded our knowledge of developmental genes and their consequent embryo ontogeny to amazing levels of detail, all thanks to acknowledging common descent. (rationalwiki.org)
In this paper the origin of polydactylous limbs in oldest tetrapods and the digit homology are discussed using new developmental data. (folium.ru)

These processes are the dynamical and informational opposite of the predictable, information-conservative, convergent, unifying, and hierarchical processes of "development," which work to replicate and maintain that system. (evodevouniverse.com)

He describes homologies which are structures that indicate a shared ancestor: "the framework of bones being the same in the hand of a man, wing of a bird, fin of a porpoise, and leg of the horse - the same number of vertebrae forming the neck of the giraffe and of the elephant…at once explain themselves on the theory of descent with slow and slight successive modifications" (Darwin 391). (ostatic.com)
The high disparity of the mammalian autopod, reported here, is consistent with the higher potential of development to generate variation in more distal limb structures, as well as functional specialization of the distal elements. (elifesciences.org)
The relics indicate structures previously beneficial to the progenitors but were transformed in the development process in the descendants. (tutorialspoint.com)
So even though they evolved from different ancestors, porpoises and sharks developed analogous structures as a result of their evolution in the same aquatic environment. (ipfs.io)
Thus, the study explains how the zebrafish amygdala and the complexly everted telencephalon topologically relate to the corresponding structures in mammals indicating that an elaborate amygdala ground plan evolved early in vertebrates, in a common ancestor of teleosts and tetrapods. (frontiersin.org)

This talk is part of the Evolution and Development Seminar Series series. (cam.ac.uk)
By viewing the interactions of genes as integrated multitasking networks, Veronica Hinman and colleagues at the California Institute of Technology report in the October 27 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA that a gene regulatory network (GRN) architecture controlling embryonic endomesoderm development in the sea urchin is strongly conserved in the starfish, despite half a billion years of divergent evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
Alberch P. (1989), «Development and evolution of amphibian metamorphosis», in: H. Splechtna and H. Hilgers (eds. (folium.ru)
The theory of descent or evolution leads us to believe that between man of the present day and his remote ancestors there is a wide structural gap, which, if the geological record were perfect, would be seen to be completely occupied by long-lost intermediate forms. (co.ma)
The common ancestor of the salmonids experienced a whole genome duplication event, making extant salmonids such as the rainbow trout an excellent model for studying the evolution of tetraploidization and re-diploidization in vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)

For example, tetrapods have five digits because the ancestor of tetrapods had five digits. (rationalwiki.org)
We analyzed the pattern of limb development and morphology in Salamandrella keyserlingii and Ranodon sibiricus in comparison with limb skeleton of ancient tetrapods and their fish ancestors. (folium.ru)
Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of sixth toes in the development of Ranodon specimen, which is comparable with additional preaxial digits in some Devonian tetrapods such as Ichthyostega , Acanthostega , and Tulerpeton . (folium.ru)
This phenomenon can be considered as a variant of development connected with the more complete realization of the morphogenetic program common to recent caudates and Palaeozoic tetrapods. (folium.ru)

We have therefore sequenced additional S. enterica O antigen gene clusters to provide information for the development of DNA-based serotyping methods. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Three S. enterica isolates had O antigen gene clusters with homology to the Escherichia coli O123 O antigen region. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Pan-genome approaches afford the discovery of homology relations in a set of genomes, by determining how some gene families are distributed among a given set of genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Current research project Our overall aim is to achieve a better understanding of gene regulatory pathways common to both embryonic/larval development and adult regeneration in echinoderms, especially the brittlestar A. filiformis. (gu.se)
In the situations discussed above the character modifications (ancestral to derived) come from "within" the lineage (traditional ancestor-descendant gene inheritance), but the modifications can also come from "outside", by gene flow. (blogspot.com)
That is, HGT of a gene into an ancestor forms a synapomorphy for its descendants. (blogspot.com)

A whole genome duplication event occurred 25 to 100 million years ago in the common ancestor of the salmonids. (biomedcentral.com)

Embryology - The pharyngula stage of embryonic development appears to be highly conserved. (rationalwiki.org)
The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins plays an important role during embryonic development in regulating growth, patterning and morphogenesis of many tissues ( Ingham and McMahon, 2001 ). (silverchair.com)
During embryonic development of segmented animals, body segments are thought to arise from the so-called "posterior growth zone" and the occurrence of this "zone" has been used to support the homology of segmentation between arthropods, annelids, and vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)

For example, all vertebrates with true limbs (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) have the same basic limb structure at least during their embryological development. (blogspot.com)

Homology between features indicate that those features have been derived from a common ancestor. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins derived from a common ancestor are termed homologs. (biomedcentral.com)

Belying their diversity, all of these methods examine the causes of empty morphospace and mark a return of development, long excluded from traditional evolutionary biology, to adaptationist practice. (coek.info)
In accepting the view that texts are created with specific social goals in mind, I examined 127 twentieth-century high school biology textbooks for representations of animal development. (asu.edu)
In biology, ontogeny is roughly synonymous with an individual organism's development. (answersingenesis.org)

The pattern of classification is analogous to the development of speciation. (ostatic.com)

There is, however, another form of development, slower, but just as certain in its processes, which affects not only the individual, but all the members of the animal group to which it belongs. (co.ma)

As with fossils of alleged human ancestors, sometimes the fossil evidence in the "whale series" is partial and fragmentary with key diagnostic pieces missing. (tasc-creationscience.org)

In the present article, we perform cortical type analysis of the neocortex of adult rats, Rhesus macaques, and humans to propose hypotheses on homology of cortical areas applying the principles of the Hypothesis on the Dual Origin of the Neocortex. (springer.com)
finding that empty space morphologies can be readily produced in development helps reject constraint and lends support to adaptive hypotheses. (coek.info)

Biologists have evidence that all life developed from a common ancestor that lived just under 4 billion years ago, and virtually all scientists in the field accept the concept. (rationalwiki.org)
Biologists Neil Shubin and Igor Schneider have swapped genes which regulate limb and fin development between living fish and mice. (answersingenesis.org)

This page offers a general systems definition of the phrase "evolutionary development", and an introduction to its application to autopoetic (self-reproducing) complex systems, including the universe as a system. (evodevouniverse.com)
An [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334005041_Evolutionary_Development_A_Universal_Perspective '''open archive PDF'''] is available here. (evodevouniverse.com)
Please cite this paper as: Smart J.M. (2019) Evolutionary Development: A Universal Perspective. (evodevouniverse.com)
In other words, the ancestral evolutionary development appears to be so stamped upon an individual that it repeats certain of the phylogenetic stages with more or less clearness during the process of its own individual development. (co.ma)

This region of DNA homology included the wzx and wzy genes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The team concluded that a common ancestor from Tiktaalik's time evolved the needed genes for limb development and passed them down through the ages. (answersingenesis.org)
The experiment involved genes (like Hox genes ), which are master switches controlling development of certain features. (answersingenesis.org)

By comparing our data from Onychophora with those from annelids, arthropods, and chordates, we suggest that the occurrence of a "posterior growth zone" currently cannot be used to support the homology of segmentation between these three animal groups. (biomedcentral.com)
Echinoderms are deuterostomes and so close to the common ancestor of chordates. (gu.se)

Embryological development is not at all simple, however. (answersingenesis.org)

In the mice, fish regulators were able to switch on limb development. (answersingenesis.org)

Homology is a concept that is fundamental to biological studies, and yet it is difficult to define. (blogspot.com)

These are critical stages for both larval development and adult growth/regeneration but temporally and spatially separated. (gu.se)
Since the BMP system also plays a fundamental role in embryonic and larval development it is if significant interest to identify possible common regulatory pathways. (gu.se)

evolutionary units and refer to a common ancestor and all of its descendants. (chiangmaiplaces.net)

1. Similar characteristics in two animals that are a product of descent from a common ancestor rather than a product of a similar environment. (wordinfo.info)
[1] The rules for development of special characteristics which differ significantly from general homology were listed by Karl Ernst von Baer (the Baer laws). (ipfs.io)

Vertebrates like pigs, birds, and whales have forelimbs with the same basic components which can be traced back to a common ancestor. (easternartreport.net)

Haeckel believed that the development of an embryo revealed the adult stages of the organism's ancestors. (asu.edu)

As noted by Fitch (2000): "Life would have been simple if phylogenetic homology necessarily implied structural homology or either of them had necessarily implied functional homology. (blogspot.com)

Ontogeny means development from the earliest stages to maturity. (answersingenesis.org)
The term ontogeny also is used to denote the development of the individual. (co.ma)
It is in connexion with this that the phrase has arisen that every animal in its individual development or ontogeny climbs up its own genealogical tree-a saying which, taking it even in the broadest sense, is only partially true. (co.ma)

Leaving aside the issue of the homology of crustacean and clitellate teloblasts, the existence of a posterior pool of proliferating cells has been doubted for all remaining arthropod groups [ 35 - 40 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Finally, we propose an elaboration of the Hypothesis on the Dual Origin of the Neocortex in the context of modern studies of pallial patterning that integrates the specification of pallial sectors in development of vertebrate embryos. (springer.com)

The invention and development of microscopy enable the observation of 3-D cell morphology with both high spatial and temporal resolution. (wikipedia.org)

This cell adhesion molecule plays an important role in nervous system development, including neuronal migration and differentiation. (nih.gov)
Previous work in our group on Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) and nervous system development has highlighted the important role that these growth factors appear to play in key aspects of adult growth and regenerative development. (gu.se)

example: to polarize the character "tail", systematists must determine which state (presence or absence) was exhibited by the most recent common ancestor of this group . (chiangmaiplaces.net)

2. The correspondence of a part or organ of one animal with a similar part or organ of another one, determined by agreement in derivation and development from a like primitive origin, as the foreleg of a quadruped, the wing of a bird, and the pectoral fin of a fish. (wordinfo.info)

Metameric animals exhibit a unique sort of homology, such as arthropod appendages. (tutorialspoint.com)

So, homology exists at the more general level (forelimbs) but not at the less general level (wings). (blogspot.com)

And in fish, mice regulators were able to turn on fin development. (answersingenesis.org)

they look similar because both of their ancestors fought to survive underwater. (ostatic.com)

This represents a shared ancestor because the original structure has been modified, which is why it can vary in the way it is used. (ostatic.com)

Despite the prosperity of methods for definition of ortholog proteins among complete proteomes, there are few developments when it is desired to define such groups when poorly sequenced or unfinished proteomes are included in the search. (biomedcentral.com)
Lower levels in the hierarchy "control" the upper levels, so that nucleotides code for amino acids, domains consist of strings of amino acids, proteins function as enzymes in biosynthesis, and development is controlled by biosynthetic pathways. (blogspot.com)

Since the relationships among the taxa are based on pre-existing information about the relationships among the characters, homology must be established first. (blogspot.com)

Anatomy11

Organisms61

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs43

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes103

Disciplines and Occupations6

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

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HOMOLOGOUS7

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Descend from a common ancestor1

Homoplasy4

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Anatomical1

Similarity3

Morphological1

Last common a2

Phylogenetic analysis1

Developmental2

Convergent1

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Derived from a common2

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Existence1

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