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Atrial FlutterCatheter AblationAtrial FibrillationRadio WavesElectrophysiologic Techniques, CardiacElectrocardiographyTricuspid ValveTachycardia, SupraventricularHeart Conduction SystemHeart AtriaCryosurgeryTachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal ReentryPulmonary VeinsBody Surface Potential MappingHeart BlockAnatomyTreatment OutcomeAnti-Arrhythmia AgentsAtrioventricular NodeCardiac Pacing, ArtificialOsteoma, OsteoidWolff-Parkinson-White SyndromeAblation TechniquesLiver NeoplasmsElectrodesTachycardia, Ectopic AtrialFluoroscopyElectrocoagulationProcainamideElectric CountershockTachycardiaPropafenoneTachycardia, ParoxysmalPericarditisSurgery, Computer-AssistedRadiography, InterventionalFollow-Up StudiesRecurrencePulsed Radiofrequency TreatmentCardiac CathetersVena Cava, InferiorCarcinoma, HepatocellularAtrial Function, RightAtrial Premature ComplexesTime FactorsTomography, X-Ray ComputedEquipment DesignTachycardia, VentricularArrhythmias, CardiacAtrial FunctionAmiodaroneChemoembolization, TherapeuticTachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal ReentryPostoperative ComplicationsDisopyramideRetrospective StudiesFlecainideCoronary SinusElectrophysiologyProspective StudiesRefractory Period, ElectrophysiologicalElectrocardiography, AmbulatoryBundle of HisAtrial SeptumMicrowavesUltrasonography, InterventionalFeasibility StudiesTherapeutic IrrigationLaser TherapyThermal ConductivityVentricular Premature ComplexesRadiology, InterventionalAtrial AppendageBurns, ElectricDogsEndocardiumCardiac Surgical ProceduresHydrops FetalisEchocardiography, TransesophagealHeart DiseasesHepatectomyNecrosisEchocardiographyCardiac CatheterizationPacemaker, ArtificialAtrial Function, LeftPre-Excitation, Mahaim-TypeAzygos VeinEsophagoscopyNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalImaging, Three-DimensionalPericardiumVaricose VeinsIodized OilCombined Modality TherapyPulmonary Veno-Occlusive DiseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingHyperthermia, InducedVenae CavaeEsophageal Fistula
FibrillationArrhythmiaArrhythmiasTachycardiaTypical atrial flutterSupraventricularAFibConductionAtypicalRecurrenceRepeat ablationLinear ablationElectrocardiographicSeptalRefractoryTachycardiasCardiologyWavesRapidThrombosisAbnormalClinical ElectrophysiologyLesionsScarHeart diseaseImplantationEchocardiographyThromboembolic riskSinus rhythmAnnulusLeftCardiac Anatomy and FunctionAnatomicalDiagnosisBeatsProceduralProcedureChambersPhysicians
Fibrillation49
Arrhythmia11
  • Patients who have undergone Mustard, Senning, or Fontan operations are more prone to developing this arrhythmia because of atrial scars from surgery and right atrial enlargement, usually seen after the classic Fontan operation. (medscape.com)
  • Atrial flutter is a reentrant arrhythmia circuit confined to the atrial chambers. (medscape.com)
  • It may also start as other forms of arrhythmia such as atrial flutter that then transform into AF. (wikipedia.org)
  • This information, together with the understanding of arrhythmia mechanisms, allows identification of optimal ablation sites. (ecrjournal.com)
  • Atrial arrhythmia related outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients. (doximity.com)
  • The atypical atrial flutter is independent of the CTI, and the origin of the arrhythmia can be in the right atrium or the left atrium. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • In February of 2013, a 65-year-old man was admitted to the Arrhythmia Center of Seoul National University Hospital for the management of incessant atrial flutter. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • Atrial flutter (AFL) is a regular, macro reentrant arrhythmia traditionally defined as a supraventricular tachycardia with an atrial rate of 240-320 beats per minute (bpm). (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • Nonfluoroscopic Three‐Dimensional Mapping for Arrhythmia Ablation: Tool or Toy? (rajaselvaraj.in)
  • Comprehensive imaging with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) is now at the forefront of procedural planning for complex ventricular arrhythmia ablation for patients with structural heart disease, but is increasingly used in patients with presumed "idiopathic" outflow VT/PVCs as well. (jafib.com)
  • Potential detection of these pathologic conditions in patients thought to have an idiopathic arrhythmia not only changes ablation strategy and potentially allows for a more focused ablation approach, but also may completely alter the overall treatment strategy. (jafib.com)
Arrhythmias5
  • BACKGROUND: Recent clinical reports have emphasized the clinical significance of the left ventricular summit (LVS), a specific triangular epicardial area, as the source of ventricular arrhythmias where radiofrequency ablation is of great difficulty. (bvsalud.org)
  • Atrial Arrhythmias in COVID-19 Patients. (doximity.com)
  • 2 Resumption of AFib often occurs due to reconnection of PVs with the left atrium (LA) and becomes a substrate for the development of other atrial arrhythmias, such as atypical AFL. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • Although any dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (see Overview of Cardiomyopathies) can produce cardiac and systemic factors that predispose to a number of different arrhythmias, including bradyarrhythmias, atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and sudden death, certain cardiomyopathies are particularly prone to do so. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Radiofrequency ablation of arrhythmias guided by non-fluoroscopic catheter location: a prospective randomized trial. (rajaselvaraj.in)
Tachycardia13
  • This sharp demarcation is used less frequently in the current era, where the more electrophysiologically descriptive "atrial reentry tachycardia" is used instead. (medscape.com)
  • During this type of tachycardia, the atrial rate is so rapid that normal AV nodes usually display a physiologic second-degree block , with a resultant 2:1 conduction ratio. (medscape.com)
  • For patient education information, see the Heart Health Center , as well as Atrial Flutter , Tetralogy of Fallot , and Supraventricular Tachycardia . (medscape.com)
  • Radiofrequency catheter ablation versus medical therapy for initial treatment of supraventricular tachycardia and its impact on quality of life and healthcare costs : Bathina M N, Mickelsen S, Brooks C, Jaramillo J, Hepton T, Kusumoto F M Record Status. (radiationcity.net)
  • Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an established but expensive treatment alternative for many forms of SVT [1 x [1] Link, M.S. Evaluation and initial treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. (radiationcity.net)
  • Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with prior cardiac surgery: An analysis from the International VT Ablation Center Collaborative Group. (ucla.edu)
  • INTRODUCTION: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with structural heart disease (SHD) is by evidence, safe and effective. (bvsalud.org)
  • Atrial flutter is a regular narrow-complex tachycardia characterized by a rapid atrial rate (typically around 300/min), atrioventricular (AV) node conduction block with a ventricular response of approximately 150/minute , and a "sawtooth" pattern on an electrocardiogram (ECG). (lecturio.com)
  • Atrial flutter is a macro-reentrant tachycardia and depending on the site of origin can be typical or atypical atrial flutter. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • A detailed understanding of cardiac anatomy and pathophysiology is necessary to optimize catheter ablation procedural success for patients with symptomatic ventricular tachycardia (VT)/premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) of outflow tract origin. (jafib.com)
  • Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation). (lookformedical.com)
  • See 'Electrocardiographic findings' below and 'Anatomy' below and "Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) associated with an accessory pathway", section on 'Narrow complex AVRT' . (medilib.ir)
  • Sinus Rhythm, Sinus tachycardia, Sinus bradycardia, Atrial flutter with 2:1 or 3:1 block, Complete heart block (slow! (abcmedicalnotes.com)
Typical atrial flutter3
  • Kalman JM, Olgin JE, Saxon LA et al (1996) Activation and entrainment mapping defines the tricuspid annulus as the anterior barrier in typical atrial flutter. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • In this form of atypical flutter, atrial activation is the exact opposite of typical atrial flutter, and the circuit is dependent on conduction through the subeustachian isthmus. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • Typical atrial flutter is recognized on an electrocardiogram by presence of characteristic 'flutter waves' at a regular rate of 200 to 300 beats per minute. (repuestosautoluz.com)
Supraventricular1
  • 2 key Clinical points Differential Diagnosis of Supraventricular Tachycardias The initial differential diagnosis of supraventricular tachycardias should focus on the ventricular response characteristics of regularity, rate, and rapidity of onset, not on the atrial depolarization from the ECG. (radiationcity.net)
AFib1
Conduction4
  • In the fetus, atrial flutter is defined as a rapid regular atrial rate of 300-600 bpm accompanied by variable degrees of atrioventricular (AV) conduction block, resulting in slower ventricular rates. (medscape.com)
  • 340 bpm) during atrial flutter or when physiologic processes facilitate AV nodal conduction, such that a rapid ventricular response can still result in sudden death. (medscape.com)
  • A flutter circuit typically surrounds an anatomical or functional barrier and includes a zone of slow conduction (or conduction over an extended circuit) and an area of unidirectional block, as required for reentry of all types. (medscape.com)
  • Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right atrium and a reentrant wave front traveling up the inter-atrial septum and down the right atrial free wall or vice versa. (lookformedical.com)
Atypical3
Recurrence2
Repeat ablation1
  • One-third of nonparoxysmal AF needs to repeat ablation because of AT and AFL recurrencies. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
Linear ablation1
  • In a later version of the operation, the Cox Maze IV, most of the "cut and sew" incisions are replaced with linear ablation lesions created either with radiofrequency energy or cryothermy (freezing). (a-fib.com)
Electrocardiographic2
  • Atrial flutter is an electrocardiographic descriptor used both specifically and nonspecifically to describe various atrial tachycardias. (medscape.com)
  • Electrocardiographic findings of atrial flutter are flutter waves without an isoelectric line in between QRS complex. (repuestosautoluz.com)
Septal3
  • Similarly, patients who have undergone surgical repair of an atrial septal defect , total anomalous pulmonary venous connection , and tetralogy of Fallot may later develop atrial flutter. (medscape.com)
  • The size depends on the anatomy of the most prominent septal perforator artery. (bvsalud.org)
  • Atrial septal defect Atrial Septal Defect Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are benign acyanotic congenital heart defects characterized by an opening in the interatrial septum that causes blood to flow from the left atrium (LA) to the right atrium (RA) (left-to-right shunt). (lecturio.com)
Refractory1
  • The primary objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a hybrid sinus node sparing ablation procedure for the treatment of symptomatic drug refractory or drug intolerant IST. (stanford.edu)
Tachycardias2
  • In these patients with otherwise normal cardiac anatomy atrial reentry tachycardias are observed mostly during fetal life in late pregnancy, and during adolescence. (medscape.com)
  • In the course of -ablation, the rhythm often converts from AF to an organised macro- or micro-reentrant atrial -tachycardias (ATs) or atrial flutters (AFLs) in three-quarters of patients. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
Cardiology2
  • Diagnosis #ECG #EKG #Cardiology #Flutter #Types #Classification. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • Working Group of Thrombosis of the Italian Society of Cardiology (2017) The left atrial appendage: from embryology to prevention of thromboembolism. (springer.com)
Waves4
  • Historically, the diagnosis of atrial flutter was restricted to those patients whose surface electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed the classic appearance of "flutter waves. (medscape.com)
  • Adenosine can be diagnostic if atrial flutter waves at ~400-600 bpm are seen behind the adenosine-induced AV block. (radiationcity.net)
  • In inferior leads the flutter waves appear more like usual P waves. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • This is unusual because in typical flutter the flutter waves are seen well in inferior leads (compare the image below). (repuestosautoluz.com)
Rapid3
  • It is caused by rapid, uncontrolled atrial contractions and uncoordinated ventricular responses. (lecturio.com)
  • Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry of atrial impulse into the dual (fast and slow) pathways of ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE. (lookformedical.com)
  • The common type involves a blocked atrial impulse in the slow pathway which reenters the fast pathway in a retrograde direction and simultaneously conducts to the atria and the ventricles leading to rapid HEART RATE of 150-250 beats per minute. (lookformedical.com)
Thrombosis1
  • Relatively great importance of LAA function is involved with intraatrial thrombus formation and subsequent thromboembolism, and thus, understanding of characteristics and behaviors of the LAA under various clinical conditions may help determine strategies against atrial thrombosis. (springer.com)
Abnormal2
  • In the other age groups and in patients with baseline abnormal cardiac anatomy or surgical scars, it usually recurs. (medscape.com)
  • It's caused by an abnormal electrical circuit in the upper chambers of the heart (atria) that makes the atria beat quickly and flutter instead of fully squeezing. (repuestosautoluz.com)
Clinical Electrophysiology1
  • Pre-procedure imaging is a well established practice in clinical electrophysiology prior to catheter-based cardiac ablation, with the majority of patients having a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) as the initial imaging modality. (jafib.com)
Lesions1
  • Also, in a stepwise approach conducted in patients with a long-lasting persistent AF,(11) conversion to sinus rhythm occurred during ablation in 87% of patients, but ablation of CFAEs was only a part of a sequence that included empirical PV isolation and a variety of left atrial linear lesions. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
Scar3
  • Atrial flutter ablation is a procedure to create scar tissue within an upper chamber of the heart in order to block the electrical signals that cause a fluttering heartbeat. (repuestosautoluz.com)
  • cMRI with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) can localize small regions of myocardial scar from previous myocardial infarction, fibrosis from non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, or edema/fibrosis from inflammatory disorders and help define targets for ablation. (jafib.com)
  • 1 - 2 cMRI with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), with excellent soft-tissue visualization, is unsurpassed in defining cardiac anatomy and function while characterizing regions of scar that correlate with low voltage areas seen on electroanatomic mapping (EAM) during diagnostic electrophysiologic study. (jafib.com)
Heart disease1
  • Atrial flutter is infrequent in children without congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)
Implantation1
  • Patients presenting with an arrhythmic problem despite the best possible haemodynamic correction can be treated by catheter ablation, intra-operative ablation or device implantation. (ecrjournal.com)
Echocardiography1
Thromboembolic risk1
  • Fatkin D, Kelly RP, Feneley MP (1994) Relations between left atrial appendage blood flow velocity, spontaneous echocardiographic contrast and thromboembolic risk in vivo. (springer.com)
Sinus rhythm1
  • Conversely, in a study conducted by Oral et al in 100 patients with chronic AF, only selective ablation of CFAE determined conversion to sinus rhythm in only 12% of patients. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
Annulus1
Left10
  • Measures of Disease Frequency with left atrial enlargement, or with left ventricular or biventricular heart failure Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. (lecturio.com)
  • The left atrial appendage is usually removed during this operation. (a-fib.com)
  • In this syndrome, atrial impulses are abnormally conducted to the HEART VENTRICLES via an ACCESSORY CONDUCTING PATHWAY that is located between the wall of the right or left atria and the ventricles, also known as a BUNDLE OF KENT. (lookformedical.com)
  • The left atrial appendage (LAA) is considered not only to be the most frequent site of thrombus formation, but also to play a pivotal role in maintaining normal cardiac function. (springer.com)
  • Black IW, Hopkins AP, Lee LC, Walsh WF (1991) Left atrial spontaneous echo contrast: a clinical and echocardiographic analysis. (springer.com)
  • Influence on left atrial and ventricular filling. (springer.com)
  • Tabata T, Oki T, Yamada H, Iuchi A, Ito S, Hori T, Kitagawa T, Kato I, Kitahata H, Oshita S (1998) Role of eft atrial appendage in left atrial reservoir function as evaluated by left atrial appendage clamping during cardiac surgery. (springer.com)
  • Hoit BD, Shao Y, Gabel M (1994) Influence of acutely altered loading conditions on left atrial appendage flow velocities. (springer.com)
  • Ito T, Suwa M, Kobashi A, Yagi H, Hirota Y, Kawamura K (1998) Influence of altered loading conditions on left atrial appendage function in vivo. (springer.com)
  • Goldberg YH, Gordon SC, Spevack DM, Gordon GM (2010) Disparities in emptying velocity within the left atrial appendage. (springer.com)
Cardiac Anatomy and Function1
  • Many noninvasive and invasive tests can delineate cardiac structure and function (see table Tests for Assessing Cardiac Anatomy and Function). (msdmanuals.com)
Anatomical1
  • Presence of specific anatomical characteristics (areas of wide muscle connections favouring -wavefront collision, or presence of anatomical barriers between atrial muscle bundles). (hospitalhealthcare.com)
Diagnosis1
  • This topic will discuss the definitions, anatomy, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of WPW syndrome as well as the approach to risk stratification of asymptomatic patients. (medilib.ir)
Beats1
  • The term was originally applied to adults with regular atrial depolarizations at a rate of 260-340 beats per minute (bpm). (medscape.com)
Procedural1
  • These findings could douse any enthusiasm for using CFAEs as target sites for AF substrates, even if the aforementioned studies presented relevant methodological differences in the mapping -procedure, ablation settings and procedural endpoints. (hospitalhealthcare.com)
Procedure1
  • Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) has been increasingly used in the last decade for cardiac ablation pre-procedure imaging, and is no longer reserved for complex cases. (jafib.com)
Chambers1
  • Atrial flutter occurs when your heart's electrical signals tell the upper chambers of your heart (atria) to beat too quickly. (repuestosautoluz.com)
Physicians1
  • It is hoped that the results of the present meta-analysis will be helpful for physicians performing cardiothoracic or ablation procedures. (bvsalud.org)