• EI-Sheekh MM, Ghareib MM, EL-Souod GW A (2011) IBiodegradation of Phenolic and Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds by Some Algae and Cyanobacteria. (omicsonline.org)
  • The degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by different algae seems to be related to the molecular structures of the compound and physiological metabolism of the algae. (omicsonline.org)
  • These emissions often contain much larger percentages of combustion by-products such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) than the initial petroleum products. (cdc.gov)
  • 2006. Microbial dioxygenase gene population shifts during polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. (nih.gov)
  • Plant-mediated effects on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation by bacteria in the rhizosphere of the salt marsh grasses, Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis. (nih.gov)
  • Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which include carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides and metals, are resistant to environmental degradation through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes. (niituniversity.in)
  • Within PyOM, the metabolism of specific chemistries differed strongly between unlimited and oxygen-limited conditions - degradations of anhydrosugars, phenols, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were more favorable under oxygen limitation than other molecules. (copernicus.org)
  • Clean-up efforts are underway, but the water in the canal remains a toxic, fetid brew laced with heavy metals, raw sewage, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (oreilly.com)
  • in a consortium as a successful Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) degrader. (sdewes.org)
  • This view is supported by research demonstrating that they contain toxic chemicals within their structure and also adsorb additional chemicals, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), from the environment. (researchgate.net)
  • Some may be likely, some may be possible and some may be unlikely based on current knowledge (an example of the latter may be oxygenases that work on 5-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). (europa.eu)
  • Anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes in petroleum-contaminated marine harbor sediments. (umass.edu)
  • Anaerobic, sulfate-dependent degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in petroleum-contaminated harbor sediment. (umass.edu)
  • Bioremediation is used to neutralize pollutants including Hydrocarbons, chlorinated compounds, nitrates, toxic metals and other pollutants through a variety of chemical mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are few examples of algae degrading aromatic compounds [ 5 , 6 ] examined the effects of the chlorophyte alga, Selenstrum capriconutum , on benzo pyrene. (omicsonline.org)
  • Electrosynthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide is catalyzed by a diversity of acetogenic microorganisms. (umass.edu)
  • Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms, and in Guaymas Basin are found in mixed/complex pools containing saturated forms (single chemical bonds between the carbon atoms), aromatic molecules (contain one or more aromatic rings) and alkylated aromatic compounds, where the hydrogen atom(s) is/are replaced by alkyl-groups 2 . (springernature.com)
  • In our study we used gas chromatography (GC-FID and GC-MS) to provide an extensive assessment of ~200 hydrocarbon compounds in porewaters and sediment cakes from AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle) Alvin pushcores, from three distinct hydrothermal areas located at the Guaymas Basin (Cathedral Hill, Aceto Balsamico and Marker 14) and we discuss their distribution and fate. (springernature.com)
  • Bacteria play an important role in the microbial degradation of oil, chlorinated hydrocarbons, fuel additives, and many other compounds. (ijabbr.com)
  • Acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, carbon compounds (excluding aromatic compounds). (itrcweb.org)
  • The PPS predicts plausible pathways for microbial degradation of chemical compounds. (europa.eu)
  • Aromatic - of or relating to organic compounds that resemble benzene in chemical behavior. (carwashloansinfo.com)
  • Anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds coupled to Fe(III) reduction by Ferroglobus placidus. (umass.edu)
  • Recently, the identification of endophytic microorganisms from different plant species growing in contaminated sites has provided a list of candidates which could be used as bio-inoculants for bioremediation of difficult compounds. (frontiersin.org)
  • A group of compounds with three aromatic rings joined in linear arrangement. (lookformedical.com)
  • Guaymas sediments contain all these possible hydrocarbon combinations, and provide an excellent opportunity to investigate microbial hydrocarbon biodegradation because the Guaymas microbiota have had time to adapt to the hydrocarbon repertoire present 4 . (springernature.com)
  • Oil bioremediation is limited by the availability of nitrogen and phosphorous which are needed by the bacteria and are not present in sufficient amounts for the biodegradation of the spilled hydrocarbons. (ijabbr.com)
  • A group of chemicals (also known as paraffins or aliphatic hydrocarbons) for which the carbon atoms are all linked by single covalent bonds. (itrcweb.org)
  • A group of chemicals (also known as paraffins or aliphatic hydrocarbons) for which the carbon atoms contain at least one double bond. (itrcweb.org)
  • Accelerated in situ bioremediation is utilized when the desired population of microorganisms within a site is not naturally present at a sufficient level to effectively degrade the pollutants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some algae that exist in polluted water are being used as indicators of pollution, and some of the selective types of algae make or play the role in the degradation of industrial pollutants. (omicsonline.org)
  • It involves the use of microorganisms to degrade environmental pollutants. (sdewes.org)
  • Bioremediation refers to the productive use of microorganisms to remove or detoxify pollutants, usually as contaminants of soils, water or sediments that otherwise intimidate human health. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Petroleum hydrocarbons are the most common environmental pollutants in the world and oil spills pose a great hazard to terrestrial and marine ecosystems. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
  • Bioremediation is the process of decontaminating polluted sites through the usage of either endogenous or external microorganism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microorganism used in the process of bioremediation can either be implanted or cultivated within the site through the application of fertilizers and other nutrients. (wikipedia.org)
  • In situ occurs within the site of contamination In situ bioremediation can further be categorized by the metabolism occurring, aerobic and anaerobic, and by the level of human involvement. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Sun Oil pipeline spill in Ambler, Pennsylvania spurred the first commercial usage of in situ bioremediation in 1972 to remove hydrocarbons from contaminated sites. (wikipedia.org)
  • A patent was filed in 1974 by Richard Raymond, Reclamation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Ground Waters, which provided the basis for the commercialization of in situ bioremediation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Accelerated in situ bioremediation is defined when a specified microorganism is targeted for growth through the application of either nutrients or an electron donor to the contaminated site. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anaerobic in situ bioremediation often requires a variety of electron donors or acceptors such as benzoate and lactate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Besides nutrients, microorganisms can also be introduced directly to the site within accelerated in situ bioremediation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within accelerated anaerobic in situ bioremediation electron donors and acceptors are introduced into a contaminated site in order to increase the population of anaerobic microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • We also intend to explore the area of plastic degrading microorganisms in the sub-domain of bioremediation. (niituniversity.in)
  • The vast majority of bioremediation applications use naturally occurring microorganisms to identify and filter toxic waste before it is introduced into the environment or to clean up existing pollution problems. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • This review focuses on the role and distribution in the environment of degradation bacteria and their (potential) applications in bioremediation and biocatalysis. (ijabbr.com)
  • Bioremediation is one such approach, but is dependent on the availability of microorganisms with the necessary metabolic abilities and environmental adaptability. (springeropen.com)
  • Microorganisms from polluted environments hold the key to unlocking most of the challenges associated with bioremediation (Eze et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Because of incomplete oxidation, small amounts of hydrocarbon emissions result. (cdc.gov)
  • Hydrocarbon oxidation by a bacterial enzyme system: I. Products of octane oxidation. (ijabbr.com)
  • Acetate oxidation coupled to Fe(iii) reduction in hyperthermophilic microorganisms. (umass.edu)
  • Anaerobic benzene oxidation by Geobacter species. (umass.edu)
  • Anaerobic benzene oxidation via phenol in Geobacter metallireducens. (umass.edu)
  • Anaerobic oxidation of benzene by the hyperthermophilic archaeon Ferroglobus placidus. (umass.edu)
  • 1990. Anaerobic Oxidation of Toluene, Phenol, and p-Cresol by the Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Organism, GS-15. . (umass.edu)
  • There are various treatment methods including oxidation processes, biological degradation, membrane filtration and coagulation/flocculation have been studied to treat dyeing wastewater. (intechopen.com)
  • Stimulating the anaerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated sediments by providing an electrode as the electron acceptor. (umass.edu)
  • In hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin, hopane and sterane biomarkers undergoing thermal and biological degradation are carried to surficial sediments by hydrothermal fluids, according to geochemical and chromatographic analyses of sediment cores. (springernature.com)
  • These hydrothermal sediments host a large range of hydrocarbons typically found in relic fuels (e.g., petroleum/crude oil). (springernature.com)
  • We provide information on predominant biomarkers (molecules formed by microbial activity during microbial hydrocarbon degradation) such as hopanes and steranes, their analogues (e.g., diasteranes, mono-/tria-aromatic steranes), and what controls their distribution/fate in the sediments of these two contrasting sites (Figure 1). (springernature.com)
  • Anaerobic benzene degradation in petroleum-contaminated aquifer sediments after inoculation with a benzene-oxidizing enrichment. (umass.edu)
  • Microorganisms, like bacteria and fungi, are becoming an emerging resource for the development of eco-sustainable plastic degradation and recycling processes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Actinomycetes - Any of numerous, generally filamentous, and often pathogenic, microorganisms resembling both bacteria and fungi. (carwashloansinfo.com)
  • Correlation between microbial community and granule conductivity in anaerobic bioreactors for brewery wastewater treatment. (umass.edu)
  • 11 ] determined that the group of Actinobacteria was one of the most abundant microorganisms in the bacterial community structure in anaerobic digesters of a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant. (sdewes.org)
  • The aim of this study was to examine the microbial community in a petroleum contaminated site, and isolate organisms potentially able to degrade hydrocarbons. (springeropen.com)
  • Through successive enrichment of soil microorganisms from samples of an historic petroleum contaminated site in Wietze, Germany, we isolated a bacterial consortium using diesel fuel hydrocarbons as sole carbon and energy source. (springeropen.com)
  • In contaminated sites where the desired microbial metabolism is aerobic the introduction of oxygen to the site can be used to increase the population of targeted microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aside from their use in urban life, hydrocarbons can be also used by some naturally-occurring microbes that can utilize (degrade) hydrocarbons under a variety of aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (no oxygen) conditions for energy gain 5 . (springernature.com)
  • Anaerobic - able to live, grow, or take place where free oxygen is not present. (carwashloansinfo.com)
  • The analysis of both the metagenome of the consortium and the reconstructed metagenome-assembled genomes show that the most abundant bacterial genus in the consortium, Acidocella , possess many of the genes required for the degradation of diesel fuel aromatic hydrocarbons, which are often the most toxic component. (springeropen.com)
  • In some studies, enhanced degradation with immobilized cells as compared to free living bacterial cells for the treatment of oil contaminated areas have been shown. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
  • 2004 ). Hence, the presence of microorganisms with the metabolic capability to degrade petroleum and the ability to adapt to a range of environmental conditions is a crucial factor (Das and Chandran 2011 ). (springeropen.com)
  • In this review article, we have discussed the potential of immobilized microbial cells to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
  • The essence of the technique is to map the unique protein pattern of microbes that contributes to characterizing a wide variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. (u-szeged.hu)
  • Pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) from wildfires impacts river corridors globally and is widely regarded as resistant to biological degradation. (copernicus.org)
  • A hydrocarbon compound in which the carbon atoms are in a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic arrangement and are saturated or unsaturated. (itrcweb.org)
  • Identfication of plastics degradation and microbial community analysis of Rumen. (frontiersin.org)
  • In anaerobic aquifers, highly chlorinated ethenes are transformed by microbially-mediated organohalide respiration metabolism. (mdpi.com)
  • It is a recalcitrant and toxic substance to various living organisms and severely inhibits the enzymatic metabolism of many microorganisms. (sdewes.org)
  • 2012. Anaerobic decomposition of switchgrass by tropical soil-derived feedstock-adapted consortia. . (umass.edu)
  • Under REACH (ECHA 2008, Chapter R.7B - Endpoint Specific Guidance), the term 'Hydrolysis' refers to the "Decomposition or degradation of a chemical by reaction with water", and this is a function of pH (i.e. abiotic degradation) for the respective metal kations present in the submission item. (europa.eu)
  • There was no phenol turn over under anaerobic condition (O 2 - free nitrogen) until air was admitted when phenol removal commenced [ 4 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • A ferrate Fe(VI) based potential chemical warfare agent decontaminant was studied for degradation of persistent nitrogen mustard (tris(2-chloroethyl)amine, HN3). (preprints.org)
  • By contrast, Bacillus genus microorganisms are large-sized bacilli (4 - 10 μm), Gram-positive, strict aerobic or encapsulated facultative anaerobes. (sdewes.org)
  • Hydrocarbons (TPH) in soil or water are not particularly valuable for assessing either the potential for exposure to TPH or the impacts of such exposure on public health. (cdc.gov)
  • An understanding of the changes that occur over time in the composition of petroleum hydrocarbons found in soil, water, or air is extremely important in addressing public health issues for TPH. (cdc.gov)
  • She has a strong background in fundamental and applied work on the spread, degradation and treatment of contaminants in water/soil/sediment and the natural environment. (ubc.ca)
  • Alkane hydroxylases involved in microbial alkane degradation Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 74: 13-21. (ijabbr.com)
  • The first requires an anaerobic marine environment, and the second thrives in the human gut-due to sewage overflows, portions of the canal support robust communities of microbes that typically reside in the human intestinal tract. (oreilly.com)
  • Genomic and microarray analysis of aromatics degradation in Geobacter metallireducens and comparison to a Geobacter isolate from a contaminated field site. (umass.edu)
  • Some microorganisms feed on materials toxic to others. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Microorganisms have been used for many years to remove organic matter and toxic chemicals from domestic and manufacturing waste discharge. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Kinetic and mechanistic aspects of hydroxyl radical‒mediated degradation of naproxen and reaction intermediates. (au.dk)
  • The released GHGs are attributed to energy requirements for composting plants' operation and to the biochemical reactions within the organic waste itself, which produces CO 2 , methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) due to the mineralization and degradation of organic matters [ 10 ] [ 11 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Formation of these hydrocarbon cocktails in Guaymas Basin is enhanced by pyrolysis, a process whereby the sedimentary organic matter is rapidly transformed by hot hydrothermal fluids into hydrocarbons under high pressure and temperature (200-300 o C) 3 . (springernature.com)
  • This has been further compounded by depletion of fossil reserves, growing organic waste production, and global warming threats have combined to increase interest in anaerobic digestion and biogas fuel resources [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Accordingly low concentrations of the ferrous kation apart from the top metre of water where light can penetrate and apart from the very deep anaerobic environments can be expected as shown by Hong & Kester (1982). (europa.eu)
  • We successfully isolated and analysed a potential hydrocarbon-degrading consortium. (springeropen.com)
  • The aim of environmental biotechnology is to prevent, arrest and reverse environmental degradation through the appropriate use of biotechnology in combination with other technologies, while supporting safety procedures as a primary component of the programme. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Petroleum hydrocarbons are important energy resources used by industry and in our daily life, whose production contributes highly to environmental pollution. (ijabbr.com)
  • Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons: an environmental perspective Microbiol Rev,(45): 180-209. (ijabbr.com)
  • The United States Environmental Protection Agency indicated that implementing in situ degradation will result in cost savings of 50 to 80% over traditional methods such as excavation and landfill incineration (USEPA 2001 ). (springeropen.com)
  • The degradation products contained mostly reduced Fe species which confirmed the environmental friendliness of the proposed decontamination solution. (preprints.org)
  • Research into the genetics, biochemistry and physiology of exploitable microorganisms is rapidly being translated into commercially available technologies for reversing and preventing further deterioration of the earth's environment. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • It is nearly impossible to avoid exposure to hydrocarbons from petroleum products, whether it is from gasoline fumes at the pump, spilled crankcase oil on asphalt, solvents used at home or work, or pesticide applications that use petroleum products as carriers. (cdc.gov)
  • Aggregate - coarse mineral material ( e.g. , sand, gravel) that is mixed with either cement to form concrete or tarry hydrocarbons to form asphalt. (carwashloansinfo.com)
  • Rumen fluid hydrolyzed synthetic aromatic polyesters with higher amounts of terephthalic acid released from poly(butylene adipate- co -terephthalate) (PBAT) (0.75 and 0.5 mM for polymer powder and film, respectively) and thus exceeded when compared to the hydrolysis of the second terephthalic acid-based polymer-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) (0.6 and 0.15 mM, for powder and film, reciprocally). (frontiersin.org)
  • This chapter addresses questions related to the first point: what are the levels of contamination in the environment, what happens to petroleum hydrocarbons in the environment, and what is the likelihood that individuals or populations will be exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons at levels thought to be of concern? (cdc.gov)
  • It's an extremely rich environment for microorganisms. (oreilly.com)
  • The value of microorganisms that have evolved in an environment as contaminated as Gowanus is obvious to any microbiologist. (oreilly.com)
  • 2010 ). This is a major threat to both the environment and human health, due to the phytotoxicity and carcinogenicity of petroleum hydrocarbons. (springeropen.com)
  • Enhanced degradation of sulfamethoxazole by a modified nano zero-valent iron with a β-cyclodextrin polymer: Mechanism and toxicity evaluation Science of the Total Environment Elsevier BV, 2022, roč. (tul.cz)
  • First-principles approximations of the intrinsic catalytic reaction mechanisms towards different agents in Zr-MOFs are summarized, and developments in the structure-property relationships governing Zr-MOF design rules for efficient degradation in the aqueous and solid phases are discussed. (preprints.org)
  • By optimizing the reaction conditions, the complete degradation of HN3 was achieved in 4 minutes. (preprints.org)
  • Microorganisms are well known for the production of flavor and aroma chemicals for the past 60 years. (medcraveonline.com)
  • H 2 S is only significantly observed when anaerobic conditions prevail in the composting process. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The addition of extraneous microorganisms to a site is termed bioaugmentation and is used when a particular microorganism is effective at degrading the pollutant at the site and is not found either naturally or at a high enough population to be effective. (wikipedia.org)
  • We coupled these data with in-depth two-dimensional chromatography (GCxGC) to investigate specific signatures of microbial degradation of hydrocarbons at the two sites with the most contrasting GC-FID and GC-MS profiles (Cathedral Hill vs. Marker 14). (springernature.com)
  • It constitutes the primary mechanism for the elimination of hydrocarbons from contaminated sites by natural existing populations of microorganisms. (ijabbr.com)
  • For example, hydrocarbon oxygenation reactions are quite possible, but may or may not be likely to occur depending on what the substrate is. (europa.eu)