Amplitude plasticity dendritic field excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Medical search. Frequent questions

The brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is a proteoglycan complex that occupies the extracellular space between brain cells and regulates brain development, brain wiring, and synaptic plasticity. (biorxiv.org)
However, the action of the ECM on synaptic plasticity remains controversial. (biorxiv.org)
Thus, ECM attenuation enables the appearance of new synapses in the hippocampus, which is compensated for by a reduction in the excitability of postsynaptic neurons, thereby preventing network overexcitation at the expense of synaptic plasticity. (biorxiv.org)
This synaptic summation drives the membrane potential toward values that could not be reached with single synaptic stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
Bloodgood BL, Sabatini BL (2007) Nonlinear regulation of unitary synaptic signals by CaV(2.3) voltage-sensitive calcium channels located in dendritic spines. (yale.edu)
Debanne D, Gähwiler BH, Thompson SM (1998) Long-term synaptic plasticity between pairs of individual CA3 pyramidal cells in rat hippocampal slice cultures. (yale.edu)
Debanne D, Gähwiler BH, Thompson SM (1999) Heterogeneity of synaptic plasticity at unitary CA3-CA1 and CA3-CA3 connections in rat hippocampal slice cultures. (yale.edu)
The convergence of two types of excitatory inputs onto GABAergic granule cells provides a novel mechanism for regulating the degree of interglomerular processing of sensory input in the olfactory bulb through piriform cortex/olfactory bulb synaptic interactions. (jneurosci.org)
Although the dendritic arborization of granule cells is relatively small (50-200 μm) ( Shepherd and Greer, 1998 ), a single granule cell may receive synaptic inputs from mitral cells several millimeters away ( Shepherd and Greer, 1998 ), providing a theoretical basis for massive synaptic divergence. (jneurosci.org)
Sensitivity analysis over several parameters of the model has provided results that may help clarify the dynamics of synaptic transmission, while experiments with the model of the complete synapse seem worth explaining short-term plasticity mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
In the long term, we are interested, in particular, in addressing models of synaptic plasticity, i.e. activity dependent mechanisms, which are the bases of memory and learning processes. (biomedcentral.com)
The synaptic terminals of the transmitting neuron (the presynaptic element) send signals by releasing chemical molecules (neurotransmitters) to the dendritic, somatic or axonic, part of the receiving neuron (postsynaptic term) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
L100P mutant slices exhibit decreased excitatory synaptic transmission (sEPSCs and mEPSCs) in dentate gyrus (DG) and impaired long-term potentiation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. (biomedcentral.com)
Our findings suggest that the existence of abnormal synaptic transmission and plasticity in hippocampal network may disrupt declarative information processing and contribute to recognition deficits in DISC1 L100P mutant mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells carrying homozygous mutation of L100P exhibit decreased synaptic excitation and intact synaptic inhibition, meanwhile Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses of L100P mice display impaired synaptic plasticity. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast, deprivation did not alter either miniature EPSC amplitude in L2/3 neurons or the amplitude of quantal L4-L2/3 synaptic responses measured in strontium, indicating that postsynaptic responsiveness was unchanged. (jneurosci.org)
In forming a distal, lateral synaptic network, horizontal cells enrich not only their own physiology but that of presynaptic and postsynaptic partners. (org.es)
At that time, neurons were thought only to be depolarized by synaptic inputs (inside becoming more positive relative to outside), thus having their inside-negative resting membrane potentials become reduced. (org.es)
Here, we review what is known about cerebellar network organization, neural dynamics and synaptic plasticity and point out what is still missing and would require experimental assessments. (frontiersin.org)
These techniques allow now to record the activity of several cells simultaneously, monitoring their interactions and evaluating excitation-inhibition integration and synaptic plasticity. (frontiersin.org)
non-linear excitation and inhibition properties and multiple forms of synaptic plasticity that cooperate to generate the computational schemes that process incoming signals and generate the cerebellar output. (frontiersin.org)
Magee JC (2000) Dendritic integration of excitatory synaptic input. (yale.edu)
Mel BW (1993) Synaptic integration in an excitable dendritic tree. (yale.edu)
Synaptic transmission and plasticity require the integrity of the anatomical substrate. (aopwiki.org)
Changes in the placement of cells within the network due to delays in neuronal migration, the absence of a full formation of dendritic arbors and spine upon which synaptic contacts are made, and the lagging of transmission of electrical impulses due to insufficient myelination will individually and cumulatively impair synaptic function. (aopwiki.org)
The aim of our study was to identify molecular changes produced by prenatal exposure to WIN 55,212-2 that might contribute to late disruption in synaptic plasticity and cognition. (researchgate.net)
Our simulations demonstrate how simultaneous, brief multimodal memory cues could build a temporary joint memory representation as an "index" in PFC by means of fast Hebbian synaptic plasticity. (eneuro.org)
In particular, we demonstrate the release of a synthetic receptor-specific agonist that exerts physiological effects on long-term synaptic plasticity. (eneuro.org)
Taken together, these findings revealed the E/I synaptic abnormalities in the amygdala from two generations of the VPA-induced offspring with GABAergic deteriorations in the F2 generation, suggesting a potential therapeutic role of the GABAergic system to generational pathophysiology of ASD. (biomedcentral.com)
A paper recently published by eLife on forebrain cortical synaptic plasticity reports that retinoic acid (RA) alters synaptopodin-dependent metaplasticity in mouse dentate granule cells (Lenz et al. (preprints.org)
However, some studies have suggested that RA may have nongenomic effects outside of the nucleus, particularly with regard to synaptic plasticity (Aoto et al. (preprints.org)
demonstrate that treatment with pharmacological levels of RA can alter synaptic plasticity which may be useful to treat neurological diseases (Lenz et al. (preprints.org)
2021). However, the results reported here and those reported by others have not shown that endogenous RA is normally required for synaptic plasticity (or any other nongenomic effect) as there are no reports of genetic loss-of-function studies that remove endogenous RA in adult brain. (preprints.org)
Our results indicated that the activation of cyclinD1-CDK4 is required for short-term synaptic plasticity and mGluR-dependent LTD, and suggested that this cyclin-dependent kinase may have different roles during the postnatal development in mice hippocampus area CA1. (biomedcentral.com)
Neural circuits, the basis of what goes on in the brain such as learning or plasticity, are set up by modification of synaptic strengths. (natural-universe.net)

Here, we employed serial section electron microscopy to show that enzymatic attenuation of ECM with chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) triggers the appearance of new glutamatergic synapses onto thin dendritic spines of CA1 pyramidal neurons. (biorxiv.org)
Information transmission in neural networks is often described in terms of the rate at which neurons emit action potentials. (frontiersin.org)
Our results reveal that CC connections are selectively wired to form monosynaptic excitatory loops and support a differential role of supragranular and infragranular neurons in hierarchical recurrent computations. (elifesciences.org)
One possibility is that CC inputs specifically modulate neurons projecting back to the source of those inputs (looped neurons) indirectly via intermediary inhibitory or excitatory cells in the local circuit. (elifesciences.org)
Another possibility, not mutually exclusive to the previous one, is that CC projections selectively synapse onto looped neurons directly to form interareal monosynaptic loops, which would be excitatory since most long-range cortical afferents are glutamatergic. (elifesciences.org)
Thus, long-range CC projections could selectively participate in excitatory monosynaptic loops by preferentially contacting looped IT neurons, while avoiding neighboring non-looped IT, PT, and CT neurons. (elifesciences.org)
However, later intracellular marking techniques, in which dyes were injected from the electrode tips into the cytoplasm of the recorded neuron, revealed that horizontal cells, second order neurons postsynaptic to cones, were the source of the S-potentials (3, 4). (org.es)
Branco T, Clark BA, Häusser M (2010) Dendritic discrimination of temporal input sequences in cortical neurons. (yale.edu)
Golding NL, Spruston N (1998) Dendritic sodium spikes are variable triggers of axonal action potentials in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. (yale.edu)
Gordon U, Polsky A, Schiller J (2006) Plasticity compartments in basal dendrites of neocortical pyramidal neurons. (yale.edu)
Losonczy A, Makara JK, Magee JC (2008) Compartmentalized dendritic plasticity and input feature storage in neurons. (yale.edu)
Major G, Polsky A, Denk W, Schiller J, Tank DW (2008) Spatiotemporally graded NMDA spike/plateau potentials in basal dendrites of neocortical pyramidal neurons. (yale.edu)
Matsuzaki M, Ellis-Davies GC, Nemoto T, Miyashita Y, Iino M, Kasai H (2001) Dendritic spine geometry is critical for AMPA receptor expression in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. (yale.edu)
We introduce a novel approach to study neurons as sophisticated I/O information processing units by utilizing recent advances in the field of machine learning. (biorxiv.org)
As a result of local nonlinear dendritic processing, a train of output spikes are generated in the neuron axon, carrying information that is communicated, via synapses, to thousands of other (postsynaptic) neurons. (biorxiv.org)
Conversely, far from the soma the targets were mostly other excitatory neurons, about half of these being other HVC (RA) cells. (elifesciences.org)
FHM1 has a differential effect on short-term depression (STD) at TC synapses: compared to wild type (WT) mice, STD is greater at synapses contacting layer IV (L4) excitatory neurons while it is unaltered at synapses contacting L4 inhibitory neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
As a result, during repetitive thalamic firing, the gain-of-function of TC excitatory inputs on inhibitory neurons becomes larger than that on excitatory neurons and the I/E balance is relatively skewed towards inhibition in FHM1 L4 excitatory neurons [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data show that the local direction-selective T4/T5 neurons in Drosophila form a population code that is matched to represent optic flow fields generated during translational and rotational self-motion of the fly. (bernstein-network.de)
The development of optical methods for manipulating neurons has revolutionized the investigation of causal relationships between neural activity and function, with the potential to add to the understanding of mechanisms and the treatment of neurological disorders. (eneuro.org)
Its biological implementation, however, is unclear and no reference to action selection or the postsynaptic neurons or even by local glia (Fig 5A and 5B). (stpancraschurch.org)
1998). Dendritic hyperpolarization-activated currents modify the integrative properties of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. (modeldb.science)
Role of an A-type K+ conductance in the back-propagation of action potentials in the dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. (modeldb.science)
The expression and translocation of cyclinD1-CDK4 in post-mitotic neurons indicate that they may have supplementary functions in differentiated neurons that might be associated with neuronal plasticity. (biomedcentral.com)
The present results suggest that the expression of cell cycle-related markers may have supplementary functions in differentiated neurons that might be associated with neuronal plasticity. (biomedcentral.com)

The appearance of new synapses increased the ratio of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) to presynaptic fiber volley (PrV), suggesting that these new synapses are formed on existing axonal fibers. (biorxiv.org)
However, both the mean miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) amplitude and AMPA/NMDA ratio were decreased, suggesting that ECM attenuation increased the proportion of 'unpotentiated' synapses. (biorxiv.org)
Using two-photon guided minimal stimulation in acute rat brain slices, we found that distal and proximal excitatory synapses onto granule cells are functionally distinct. (jneurosci.org)
Most excitatory synapses we examined onto granule cells activated both NMDARs and AMPA receptors, whereas a subpopulation appeared to be NMDAR silent. (jneurosci.org)
A , Schematic diagram of excitatory synapses onto granule cells. (jneurosci.org)
The FHM1 mouse model is consequently characterized by increased neurotransmission at both intra-cortical [ 15 ] and thalamocortical (TC) excitatory synapses [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Table 10 represents the distribution of synapses over the dendritic arborization of retinal TrkB-MO and p75-MO on contralaterally projecting axons, knockdown of TrkB did not experience excess apoptotic pressure. (stpancraschurch.org)
A number of different kinds of interneurons make inhibitory GABAergic synapses at different levels in the dendritic trees. (modeldb.science)
2001). Total number and distribution of inhibitory and excitatory synapses on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. (modeldb.science)

This evidence comes from laboratory models of AD, as well as living patients, showcasing the potential of neuronal excitability changes as a biomarker for early detection of AD. (nature.com)
Since synaptogenesis follows the early neurodevelopmental processes such as neuronal and glial cells proliferation, migration, alterations in dendritic arborisation etc., therefore, it encompasses, possible changes in these early stages of brain development that could also be triggered under hypothyroidism, leading to defective synaptogenesis and resulting in abnormal function of neuronal network function. (aopwiki.org)
FHM1 mutations result in gain-of-function of recombinant human Ca V 2.1 channels and native neuronal Ca V 2.1 channels in FHM1 knock-in mice, causing the enhancement of action potential evoked Ca 2+ influx [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we initiated to investigate the potential functions of cyclinD1-CDK4 in neuronal plasticity during the postnatal development in mice hippocampus area CA1. (biomedcentral.com)

Specific presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms can be further analysed under various conditions, for instance by studying the presynaptic behaviour under repeated activations. (biomedcentral.com)

In Hebbian sensory map plasticity, behaviorally relevant stimuli expand their representation within sensory maps, whereas less relevant stimuli lose representation. (jneurosci.org)
For long stimuli, the S-potential only changes in duration but the amplitude remains constant (2 leftmost responses in Fig. 1B). (org.es)
Up to certain stimulus durations, in this case about 10 msec, the amplitude is directly related to the quantal content of the stimulus (quantal flux multiplied by duration), while for stimuli of longer duration, the amplitude is related to the quantal flux, that is, the rate of quantal absorption by photoreceptors (1). (org.es)
S-potentials, however, were not depolarized by light, but rather hyperpolarized, and did not fire action potentials, even with the brightest light stimuli. (org.es)

Using a commercial two-photon microscope, we released inhibitory or excitatory neurochemicals to evoke subthreshold and suprathreshold changes in membrane potential in a live mouse brain slice. (eneuro.org)

A single AMPAR-mediated EPSP has a rise time-to-peak of approximately 2-5 ms and a duration of approximately 30 ms. If a synapse is being stimulated at 100 Hz, the presynaptic neuron will be attempting to release glutamate once every 10 ms. An EPSP occurring only 10 ms after a previous EPSP will arrive at a time when that previous EPSP is at its peak amplitude. (wikipedia.org)

These results suggest that the proximal excitatory inputs to granule cells may play an important role in gating recurrent and lateral dendrodendritic inhibition (DDI) in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
Whisker deprivation weakens excitatory layer 4 (L4) inputs to L2/3 pyramidal cells in rat primary somatosensory (S1) cortex, which is likely to contribute to whisker map plasticity. (jneurosci.org)
A central unanswered question is whether map plasticity involves activity-dependent changes in synapse strength, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). We address this question by studying the loss of cortical responsiveness to deprived sensory inputs. (jneurosci.org)

A substantial and rapid rise in calcium ion concentration inside the postsynaptic cell (or more specifically, within the dendritic spine) is most possibly all that is required to induce LTP. (wikipedia.org)

This enhancement of LTP was abolished by a blockade of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), which is involved in the maturation of dendritic spines. (biorxiv.org)
Alexa 594-filled stimulating electrode positioned ∼20 μm from imaged dendritic region) reliably triggered Ca accumulations in two of the three imaged spines (sp1 and sp2) but not in the dendritic shaft segment. (jneurosci.org)

Neuromorphic sensory-processing systems provide an ideal context for exploring the potential advantages of temporal coding, as they are able to efficiently extract the information required to cluster or classify spatio-temporal activity patterns from relative spike timing. (frontiersin.org)
In figure 1B, the duration of a light stimulus of fixed intensity is altered in order to examine the temporal properties of S-potentials. (org.es)
This illustrates the temporal summation of the S-potential, following Bloch's law. (org.es)
Dendritic Discrimination of Temporal Input Sequences (Branco et al. (yale.edu)
FHM1 mice displayed similar amplitude but slower temporal evolution of visual evoked potentials. (biomedcentral.com)

These findings suggest that the aqueous extract of Khudari fruit pulp has significant antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition potentials, and its compound, MDIE, forms stably with confirmation with the target protein, though this fruit of Khudari dates can be a better functional food for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. (bvsalud.org)

The NMDA receptor (NMDAR) does not, in resting or near-resting membrane potential conditions, contribute significant current to the EPSP. (wikipedia.org)
This complexity primarily arises from local NMDA-based nonlinear dendritic conductances. (biorxiv.org)
BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that mismatch negativity (MMN)-a preattentive auditory event-related potential (ERP)-depends on NMDA receptor (NMDAR) functioning. (neurotransmitter.net)
Previously the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was shown to disrupt generation of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) mismatch negativity (MMN) and the performance of an 'AX'-type continuous performance test (AX-CPT)--measures of auditory and visual context-dependent information processing--in a similar manner as observed in schizophrenia. (neurotransmitter.net)

Dayan and Abbott, 2001 ), continues to be used in the field of machine learning. (frontiersin.org)

Golding NL, Staff NP, Spruston N (2002) Dendritic spikes as a mechanism for cooperative long-term potentiation. (yale.edu)

This depolarization was thought of as excitation, and if the excitation was large enough, action potentials, or nerve spikes, were generated to transfer signals down the length of the nerve-cell axon. (org.es)

Therefore, whether LTD is causally involved in map plasticity remains unclear. (jneurosci.org)

The establishment of neural circuits depends on the ability of axonal growth cones to sense their surrounding environment en route to their target. (biologists.com)

Since being first described in fish retinas, S-potentials have been recorded from retinal horizontal cells in all vertebrate classes. (org.es)

As a cell is depolarized, the field effect on the magnesium ion weakens, and the dwell time of magnesium ions within the channel decreases. (wikipedia.org)

The Na+ and K+ permeabilities of the AMPAR channel are roughly equal, so when this channel is open the resulting change in membrane potential tends towards zero (a bit more than halfway between the equilibrium potentials EK and ENa). (wikipedia.org)
However, the postsynaptic membrane potential will not change by more than a few millivolts from resting potential with a single presynaptic release of glutamate, because not many AMPAR channels open. (wikipedia.org)
As such, it also spans the electric field generated by the membrane potential. (wikipedia.org)
The first intracellular, light-evoked responses recorded in the vertebrate retina were slow, negative going changes in membrane potential that lasted for as long as the light stimulus was present (Fig. 1). (org.es)
As shown in figure 1, S-potentials are membrane hyperpolarizations that last for as long as the light stimulus is present. (org.es)
As the field continues to grow, so too will the list of proteins suspected to function as mechanosensors and the diversity of known MS membrane proteins. (stanford.edu)

We evaluated the therapeutic potentials of Khudari fruit pulp, a functional food and cultivar of Phoenix dactylifera, against neurological disorders. (bvsalud.org)
Several reports have shown modulation of Cys-loop receptors by phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoids independent of cannabinoid receptors with potential physiological or therapeutic consequences. (researchgate.net)

wild-type ASH mechanotransduction currents are amiloride-sensitive and carried primarily by Na+ ions, with suppression potentials exceeding +60 mV. (cox2-inhibitors.com)
These TRP channels are obvious candidates to mediate ASH's deg-1-independent transduction currents, whose reversal potential (−23 mV) indicates that sodium is not the principle charge carrier. (cox2-inhibitors.com)

We recorded extracellular field potentials from the primary visual cortex (V1) of head-fixed awake FHM1 knock-in ( n = 12) and wild type ( n = 12) mice in response to square-wave gratings with different visual contrasts. (biomedcentral.com)
Meij R, Kahana M, Maris E. Phase-Amplitude Coupling in Human and Monkey Cortex. (stpancraschurch.org)

Positive allosteric modulators of α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole- propionate (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors ("ampakines" and functionally related compounds) constitute a relatively new class of psychoactive drugs that enhance fast, excitatory transmission in the brain. (escholarship.org)

deCharms RC, Merzenich MM (1996) Primary cortical representation of sounds by the coordination of action-potential timing. (yale.edu)

Magnesium ions carrying a double positive charge can be acted upon by the field. (wikipedia.org)

But the mechanism of calcium delivery to the postsynaptic cell in inducing LTP is more complicated. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, this proposed mechanism has potential applicability in organisms with limited photoreceptor complements, such as spiders and dolphins. (rctn.org)

The recent observation of neural power-law scaling relations has made a significant impact in the field of deep learning. (uni-frankfurt.de)

In the adult vertebrate brain, enzymatic removal of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is increasingly recognized to promote learning, memory recall, and restorative plasticity. (nature.com)
During learning processes in the developing and adult brain, variability of ECM densities and dynamic remodeling has been shown to support learning-dependent plasticity 14 , 15 . (nature.com)
Excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalance within the brain is one of the pathophysiological theories of ASD [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This balance point is reached at around 0 mV (i.e. the reversal potential of the EPSP current is roughly 0 mV). (wikipedia.org)

Before the morphological source of these responses became clear, they were called simply S-potentials (1). (org.es)

During the last decades, the development of high-throughput technologies has produced a huge amount of information in the field of neurobiology, requiring the utilization of mathematical modeling to describe the complex dynamics of biological processes and stimulating new collaborations among biologists, physicists and computer scientists [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we demonstrate that this can be achieved by a well-established model of cortical self-organization based on a well-orchestrated interplay between several plasticity processes. (preprints.org)

These techniques are proving essential to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of activity and plasticity in the cerebellar network, providing new clues on how circuit dynamics contribute to motor control and higher cognitive functions. (frontiersin.org)

Through our model, we are able to derive extremely simple and local learning rules, which directly explain experimental results in Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP). (rctn.org)
Elaborating on the spatial maps of spike vector coefficients are divided into two groups of opposite sign, a positive sign is attributed to the field generated by current dipoles, (2) to link high dimensional object, we compute the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) leading to increased errors, although the strategy condition. (stpancraschurch.org)

The brighter the stimulus, the larger the amplitude of the S-potential until a saturation level is reached. (org.es)
Further reduction in the stimulus duration causes a decrease in amplitude (Fig. 1B). (org.es)
In S-potentials this 'critical duration' varies considerably with stimulus conditions (2). (org.es)

Spectral analysis of the local field potentials revealed an increase in the β/low γ range of WT mice following the abrupt reversal of contrast gratings. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy82

Organisms20

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs90

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science2

Health Care2

Synaptic35

Neurons25

Synapses9

Neuronal4

Presynaptic and postsynaptic1

Stimuli4

Inhibitory or excitatory1

Neuron1

Inputs3

Spine1

Spines2

Temporal5

Inhibition1

NMDA4

20011

20021

Spikes1

Unclear1

Axonal1

Retinal1

Weakens1

Membrane6

Therapeutic2

Currents2

Cortex2

Glutamate1

Action1

Ions1

Mechanism2

Neural1

Brain3

Reversal potential1

Responses1

Processes2

Dynamics1

Spike2

Stimulus3

Local1