Ammonia volatilization from urea. Medical search. Frequent questions

Specifically, highly alkaline soils (pH~8.2 or higher) have proven to increase urea hydrolysis. (wikipedia.org)
One study has shown complete hydrolysis of urea within two days of application on such soils. (wikipedia.org)
More urease results in greater hydrolysis of urea and ammonia volatilization, particularly if urea fails to move into the soil. (wikipedia.org)
1999. A new proposal for urease mechanism based on the crystal structures of the native and inhibited enzyme from Bacilus pasteurii: why urea hydrolysis costs two nickels. (wikipedia.org)
The NH3 loss can be greatly affected by a shift in soil pH or urea hydrolysis. (unl.edu)
Char did not affect urea hydrolysis process but it lowered soil pH in the fertilized treatments in the first week. (unl.edu)
To better understand urea N volatilization, one needs to understand the urea hydrolysis and other chemical soil process. (agfax.com)
Soil pH and the hydrolysis rate control the amounts of ammonia present in the soil or near the surface. (agfax.com)
7) or the hydrolysis rate is too extensive for slightly acid soils, hydrogen ions are not readily available and some or all of the N is in the form of ammonia, a volatile gas that can be lost into the atmosphere. (agfax.com)
Therefore, rate of urea N hydrolysis is the process that controls the amount of ammonia susceptible to volatilization losses. (agfax.com)
Soil water content is the greatest controlling factor for urea hydrolysis. (agfax.com)
At soil moisture levels near wilting point to air-dry, urea hydrolysis is practically nothing. (agfax.com)
High concentrations of soil organic matter and crop residues increase urea hydrolysis rates and volatilization. (msstate.edu)
As a result, forage systems may have higher surface urea hydrolysis rates than bare soil and conventional tillage systems. (msstate.edu)
Studies have shown that urea hydrolysis in high-pH soils (greater than 7.0) occurs within 2 days of application, while in acidic soils (low pH) the urea took twice as long to hydrolyze (Figure 4). (msstate.edu)
These additives are also used to prevent urea hydrolysis, nitrification, and ammonia loss from soil. (credenceresearch.com)
Nowadays, an important factor that is fairly commonly used are UREASE INHIBITORS, which are able to reduce hydrolysis and, therefore, reduce volatilisation and ammonia production. (dfgrupo.com)

Ammonium thiosulphate has been evaluated as a nitrification and volatilization inhibitor with some success in North Dakota studies but without affect in Canadian studies. (gov.mb.ca)
Volatilization, distribution and nitrification of ammonia from. (usp.br)
Arnrnonia distribution in the soil and nitrification in the zone of urea application were also studied by rneans of laboratory exper.irrents with the Red-Yellow Podzolic soil. (usp.br)
Conditions favorable to nitrification are a soil pH of 7, soil moisture at 50% of holding capacity, and a soil temperature of 80°F. 3 Applying anhydrous ammonia to soils that are too wet or too dry can result in loss of N to the atmosphere because of poor sealing of the application slit. (krugerseed.com)
AGROTAIN PLUS ® (NBPT+DCD-dicyandiamide) is another commonly used nitrogen inhibitor and contains urease and nitrification inhibitors, two materials that purportedly reduce ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching. (ncsu.edu)

Urea (46-0-0) accounts for more than fifty percent of the world's nitrogenous fertilizers. (wikipedia.org)
Since urea is not an oxidizer at standard temperature and pressure, it is safer to handle and less of a security risk than other common nitrogen fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate. (wikipedia.org)
This area is also highly toxic due to elevated ammonia concentration for several hours so it is recommended that urea based fertilizers not be applied or banded with planted seed at a rate that exceeds 10-20 kg/ha, depending on the crop species. (wikipedia.org)
Abstract: Quantification of ammonia volatilization after addition of animal residues and nitrogen (N) mineral fertilizers to the soil is important for N management in fertilization programs. (embrapa.br)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding a urease inhibitor to N fertilizers to minimize ammonia losses following soil application. (embrapa.br)
Use of urease inhibitor does not always decrease ammonia volatilization, especially when mixed with fertilizers in which urea is not the only source of N. (embrapa.br)
Urea and ammonium based fertilizers are less likely to accumulate as toxic nitrate in forage than nitrate containing fertilizers, however they are more susceptible to volatilization loss. (montana.edu)
In other words, around 80% of N fertilizers are lost through leaching and volatilization, which increases the potential of environmental contamination with the increased N input expenditure of the farmer, or stored in the soil. (ac.ir)
The soils with three levels of acidity (7.88, 6.5, and 7.88) were incubated with five sources of nitrogenous fertilizers including ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea, sulfur coated urea, and potassium nitrate for 22 days. (ac.ir)
Ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate fertilizers had the least ammonia loss at soils with a pH of 6.55 and less. (ac.ir)
Estimates of ammonia volatilization from urea or urea-containing fertilizers vary widely due to the many conditions that influence volatile loss (Figure 2). (msstate.edu)
Volatilization , or the loss of N, can occur when urea-based fertilizers are surface-applied and unincorporated. (krugerseed.com)
Nitrogen fertilizers contain N in one or more forms: ammonia (NH 3 ), ammonium (NH 4 ), nitrate (NO 3 ), or urea (CO(NH 2 ) 2 ) (Table 1). (krugerseed.com)
Nitrogen (N) fertilizers traditionally used in North Carolina are urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), urea, or a mix of the two. (ncsu.edu)
NutriSphere-N™ is a water-soluble fertilizer enhancer that the manufacturer claims creates an active shield around liquid fertilizers to protect N from volatilization and leaching. (ncsu.edu)
Chemical fertilizers are produced in large batches by using chemicals such as anhydrous ammonia and nitric acid. (arizona.edu)

Additionally, the formation of the hydroxide ion may cause soils around the applied urea particle to have a pH around 9.0 which increases ammonia volatilization. (wikipedia.org)
In acidic soils (pH 5.2) the urea took twice as long to hydrolyze. (wikipedia.org)
The total NH3 emission during the whole experiment (36 days) was 17.3 ±5.5kgNH3-N ha"1 in the ease of urea treated soils and 10.0 ± 4.5 kg NHrN ha"' where NBPT was ineluded with the urea. (upm.es)
So, the present study was aimed to quantify the role of ammonia volatilization from Iranian soils and to introduce simple and helpful techniques for ammonia volatilization reduction in Iranian wheat farms. (ac.ir)
While soil pH reduction from7.88 to 4.5 from soils treated with urea reduced ammonia volatilization from 188 to 157, this increased ammonia volatilization from sulfur coated urea from 29.2 to 87.05 mg N. In other words, our results proved that increasing soil pH resulted in a significant decrease in total volatilized ammonia from sulfur coated urea. (ac.ir)
The total volatilized nitrogen from soils with the pH values of 4.5, 6.55, and 7.88 was equal to 22, 20 and 6% of applied sulfur coated urea. (ac.ir)
Urea-based products are more efficient on cold, dry soils. (msstate.edu)
When urea is not incorporated, up to 25% of the N can be lost to ammonia volatilization within a week if soils are warm and moist - this is the worst-case scenario. (fieldcropnews.com)
Volatilization is a greater risk on sandy loams soils compared to clay loam or clay, but regardless of soil texture at least 4/10 of an inch of rain is needed to dissolve the urea and move it into the soil. (fieldcropnews.com)
This is especially true on calcareous soils and eroded knolls where high soil pH increases ammonia loss. (fieldcropnews.com)

delays the conversion of ammonia-form nitrogen (anhydrous ammonia, urea and the urea fraction of UAN solution) to the nitrate form which is vulnerable to leaching and denitrification. (gov.mb.ca)
Is Your Anhydrous Ammonia Investment Insured? (kochagronomicservices.com)
When anhydrous ammonia is applied, the ammonia is converted to ammonium in the soil almost immediately. (krugerseed.com)
To help reduce seed and seedling injury, planting should be delayed three to five days after application of anhydrous ammonia. (krugerseed.com)
Anhydrous ammonia applied without complete closure of the knife tracks is also vulnerable to volatilization to the air. (mnwheat.org)
Urea will very quickly convert to ammonium in the soil, as will anhydrous ammonia. (mnwheat.org)
Stay tuned for our next post, exploring anhydrous ammonia versus urea for fall. (mnwheat.org)
Anhydrous ammonia is a good source for fall-applied nitrogen (N). N sources containing urea and/or nitrates have greater potential to be lost via leaching, volatilization or runoff. (cultivateconnections.org)
Anhydrous ammonia (NH 3 ) is contained in white round tanks. (cultivateconnections.org)
The tractor pulls an anhydrous toolbar and the white tanks across the field injecting anhydrous ammonia into the soil. (cultivateconnections.org)
Anhydrous ammonia (NH 3 ) is a good source for fall-applied nitrogen. (cultivateconnections.org)

These results demonstrate the vital role of fungi in the mineralization of organic N in the low-pH, high-N environments, and the activity of these fungi should be considered in best management practices to reduce ammonia volatilization from acidified poultry litter. (usda.gov)
Dry acids are a common management practice to reduce ammonia emissions from poultry houses, however little is known about how acidification affects the litter biologically. (usda.gov)
Coal char affects soil pH to reduce ammonia volatilization from sandy " by Dinesh Panday, Maysoon M. Mikha et al. (unl.edu)
This, like Agrotain and other NBPT-containing products, can be applied to urea fertilizer and will temporarily reduce ammonia volatilization. (ricefarming.com)
Amending urea with sago waste water and peat soil water can reduce ammonia loss by encouraging formation of ammonium and nitrate over ammonia. (academicjournals.org)
The water-soluble calcium is thought to reduce ammonia volatilization from urea. (ncsu.edu)

Additionally, the amount of surface residue and time between urea application and precipitation are also critical. (wikipedia.org)
The time between urea application and precipitation is critical. (msstate.edu)

The rate of urea application for 100% corn straw returning to the field in Northeast China, Huang-Huai-Hai, Northwest arid region, and Southwest China was 60-135 kg/ha, 50-115 kg/ha, 60-135 kg/ha, and 45-105 kg/ha, respectively. (hindawi.com)

The ammonia will likely escape to the atmosphere unless it reacts with water to form ammonium (NH4+) according to the following reaction: N H 3 ( g a s ) + H 2 O → N H 4 + + O H − {\displaystyle NH_{3(gas)}+H_{2}O\rightarrow NH_{4}^{+}+OH^{-}} This is important because ammonium is a plant available source of nitrogen while ammonia is not. (wikipedia.org)
This increases the probability that urea will be absorbed into the soil after a rain event rather than volatilized into the atmosphere. (wikipedia.org)
In the atmosphere ammonia reacts with acid pollutants such as the products of SO 2 and NO X emissions to produce fine ammonium (NH 4 + ) containing aerosol. (apis.ac.uk)
Ammonia can be volatilised, emitted into the atmosphere when the surface concentration exceeds that of the surrounding air. (apis.ac.uk)
Urea and ammonium-based fertilisers are nowadays one of the most important sources of ammonia (NH3) emissions to the atmosphere in Europe. (upm.es)
Ammonia that does not react with water in the soil surface will likely escape into the atmosphere through a process called volatilization. (msstate.edu)
The efficiency of urea is poor due to the substantial amount of N lost to the atmosphere by ammonia volatilization. (academicjournals.org)
The Manure study which covers Ammoniacal nitrogen that intersects with Soil science, Atmosphere and Ammonia volatilization from urea. (research.com)
They are also subject to loss from the soil through downward leaching by water and volatilization to the atmosphere. (arizona.edu)

Treatments consisted of addition of poultry litter (PL), organic mineral fertilizer (OMF) and urea to the soil, with and without the urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), plus a control with no fertilizer. (embrapa.br)
In the treatment that received urea, NBPT delayed the peak of volatilization by three weeks and decreased the loss of ammonia from 22 to 9 % of the N applied. (embrapa.br)
The aim of the present study was the quantification of NH3 emissions by using the Integrated Horizontal Flux (IHF) method after application of urea with the urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphorie triamide (NBPT) to a semiarid agricultural soil. (upm.es)
And my studies found that duromide has shown statistically equivalent protection from ammonia volatilization as other NBPT-containing urease inhibitors like Agrotain. (ricefarming.com)
As a soil nitrogen fertilizer inhibitor, NBPT is non-toxic, has no side effects on soil, and naturally degrades into ammonia and phosphorus in soil. (jinbangch.com)

During the conversion of urea to ammonia, soil pH around the applied urea granules can increase to nearly 9.0. (msstate.edu)
Urease, an enzyme, slows the conversion of urea to ammonium. (doggettcorp.com)

Addition of urease inhibitor has no effect on ammonia volatilization following soil application of poultry litter or organomineral fertilizer, unlike urea. (embrapa.br)
Total ammonia volatilized from the soil treated with PL or OMF had no influence on the urease inhibitor, probably because the losses were small, attaining a maximum of 2.5 and 9 % of the total N applied, respectively. (embrapa.br)
The substance is a urease inhibitor which can reduce nitrogen loss by ammonia volatilisation from urea. (europa.eu)
Urea and a mixture of urea and the inhibitor (0.14%) were surfaee-applied by hand at a rate of 170 kg N ha"' to eircular plots (diam. (upm.es)
3 To minimize N loss by volatilization, incorporation should occur within three to four days after application with tillage, with half an inch of rain or irrigation, or with the use of a urease inhibitor. (krugerseed.com)

The effect of mixing urea with the soil or deep placing it in the soil on volatilization lesses was more pronounced at the lower than at the higher rates and more evident in the Red-Yellow Podzolic soil than in the Red-Yellow Latosol, perhaps because of the higher CEC of the former. (usp.br)
effect of mixing urea with zeolite and sago waste water on nutrient use efficiency of maize (zea mays l. (academicjournals.org)

Volatilization losses of ammonia from urea have been a major concern of producers and agronomists because of the lack of precipitation. (agfax.com)
This pH increase contributes to volatile gaseous losses of ammonia. (msstate.edu)

However, drying surface soil and rising temperatures as spring progresses increases the probability of ammonia volatilization. (wikipedia.org)
Ammonia volatilization was measured for 56 days following fertilizer application to the soil using sponge discs impregnated with phosphoric acid and glycerin, which were fitted inside the tubes 0.15 m above the soil surface. (embrapa.br)
Char (coal combus- tion residue), which contains up to 293 g kg−1 total C by weight, has been shown to reduce NH3 volatilization due to its considerably high surface area and cation exchange capacity. (unl.edu)
It is this free ammonia form that is vulnerable to volatilization loss from surface applications or causes seed-burn when seed-placed. (gov.mb.ca)
50% of the applied fertiliser N, depending on fertiliser/manure type (e.g. urea higher volatilization rates than ammonium nitrate), application practice (e.g. injection, surface application) and environmental conditions (Peoples et al. (apis.ac.uk)
Volatilization of nitrogen from the feedlot surface in the form of ammonia is a large concern because of the environmental consequences and the imbalance it creates in the nitrogen to phosphorous ratio when manure is used as fertilizer. (usda.gov)
However, supplementing excess ruminally undegradable intake protein may have less deleterious effects than supplementing excess ruminally degradable intake protein because of the shift in site of nitrogen excretion from urine to feces which could result in a reduction in ammonia volatilization from the feedlot surface. (usda.gov)
Absolute lasses increased with increasing rates of urea application, but percent lesses were markedly affected by rates only when the fertilizer was applied below the soil surface. (usp.br)
Percent of surface-applied urea volatilized over time as ammonia at different temperatures. (msstate.edu)
Percent of surface-applied urea volatilized over time as ammonia at various soil pH levels. (msstate.edu)
It's all you need to protect your urea and UAN from ammonia volatilization and give your surface applied and shallow-incorporated nitrogen the benefit of NDURE 2.0 . (wilburellisagribusiness.com)
In surface-applied, broadcast and shallow-incorporated UREA and UAN nitrogen. (wilburellisagribusiness.com)
Volatilization is promoted by excessive plant debris on the soil surface, warm, windy days and high pH (greater than 7) at the soil surface. (krugerseed.com)
It is used with surface broadcast applications of urea or UAN. (ncsu.edu)
Köp Controlling Ammonia Volatilization from Urea Surface av Meraj Munazzah, Javed Sadia, Alvi Daud på Bokus.com. (web.app)
There is a fair bit of scatter in the data (Figure 1) and, of course, with bone dry conditions volatilization will not occur even if fertilizer is sitting on the soil surface. (fieldcropnews.com)
Summary of literature data on ammonia volatilization response to urea incorporation depth expressed as a proportion (%) of losses for surface-application. (fieldcropnews.com)

Nitrogen Transformation Inhibitors and Controlled Release Urea. (wikipedia.org)

It would be considered inferior to Agrotain in terms of reducing volatilization losses. (gov.mb.ca)

abstract = "We measured ammonia volatilization at three topographic positions (hilltop, midslope, slope-bottom) on three grassland landscapes at three times during 1995 (April, May, July) on the northern winter range of Yellowstone National Park that supports large herds of native ungulates. (syr.edu)

Urease enzymes in soil and plant residue convert urea to free ammonia gas. (krugerseed.com)

Rapid decomposition of carbamic acid occurs without enzyme catalysis to form ammonia and carbon dioxide. (wikipedia.org)
Urease inhibitors prevent the urease enzyme from breaking down the urea. (wikipedia.org)
delays the breakdown of the urea molecule (CO(NH 2 ) 2 ) into the ammonia form (NH 3 )by inhibiting activity of the urease enzyme. (gov.mb.ca)
Urea in combination with water and urease enzyme results in the formation of ammonium and bicarbonate ( Reaction 1 ). (agfax.com)
Soil moisture allows for urease enzyme activity (converting urea to ammonium/ammonia) while volatilization losses increase with temperature. (fieldcropnews.com)

The nitrogen (N) cycle is very complex as it includes all forms of matter: solid (fertilizer and manure), liquid (dissolved N as nitrate and ammonium) and gas (ammonia). (agfax.com)

It is found in granular or prill form, which allows urea to be easily stored, transported and applied in agricultural settings. (wikipedia.org)
The most common is ESN urea (44-0-0), enclosed within a polymer coating that allows urea to diffuse out. (gov.mb.ca)

As ammonia volatilization depends on N sources, it is possible to decrease ammonia loss by selecting the proper nitrogen fertilizer source. (ac.ir)

For example, urea fertilizer applied without incorporation is susceptible to runoff in snowmelt or volatilization. (mnwheat.org)
Incorporation of urea is a good way to mitigate volatilization, but shallow incorporation might not do the trick. (fieldcropnews.com)

Ammonia (NH3) volatilization loss adversely affects N availability in soil-plant systems, reduces crop yield, and negatively impacts environment. (unl.edu)
This study supported our hypothesis that char altered soil pH and thereby reduced NH3 volatilization loss from the fertilized soil. (unl.edu)
The results demonstrated that potassium nitrate had minimum ammonia loss and can be introduced as the optimum source of nitrogen fertilizer for a wide range of soil pH from 4.5 to 7.88. (ac.ir)
However, sulfur-coated urea had the least ammonia loss at soil pH of 7.88 and more. (ac.ir)
The nitrogen cycle as it relates to urea and UAN applications and their susceptibility to N loss mechanisms. (msstate.edu)
Reduction in Ammonia Loss by Applying Urea in Combination with Phosphate Sources. (ac.ir)
Volatilisation is above-ground loss of nitrogen. (kochfertaustralia.com)
Koch Agronomic Services' (KAS) next-generation nitrogen stabilizer, ANVOL, demonstrated extended protection against nitrogen loss due to volatilization in recent research. (kochagronomicservices.com)
Ammonia is a compressed gas injected into the soil to minimize N fertilizer loss and can be applied in the fall, spring, or sidedressed. (krugerseed.com)

His study in Loam is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Fertilizer, Ammonia volatilization from urea, Soil classification, Soil test and Slurry. (research.com)
His studies in Slurry integrate themes in fields like Urea, Nitrous oxide, Cropping system and Animal science. (research.com)
He has included themes like Waste management, Struvite, Dry matter and Ammonia volatilization from urea in his Slurry study. (research.com)
His research investigates the connection with Slurry and areas like Ammonia volatilization from urea which intersect with concerns in Animal science. (research.com)

At the turn of the 21st century, total ammonia emissions in the UK were estimated to be 283 kt N yr -1 (Sutton et al. (apis.ac.uk)
In addition, our results proved that soil pH reduction from 7.88 to 6.5, reduced total ammonia volatilization for ammonium sulfate and nitrate from 227.15 and 189.82 to 2.39 and 0.99 mg N, respectively. (ac.ir)

It is designed to immediately supply available nitrate and ammonium and to gradually supply urea for continued feeding. (ncsu.edu)

Other agriculture-related emissions of ammonia include biomass burning or fertiliser manufacture. (apis.ac.uk)
As the climate warms, volatilisation of ammonia emissions will lead to a further rise in ammonia concentrations. (apis.ac.uk)

Acidification of the poultry litter resulted in >3 log increases in total fungal concentrations, with both uricolytic (uric acid degrading) and ureolytic (urea degrading) fungi increasing by >2 logs within the first 2 to 4 weeks of the incubation. (usda.gov)
Urea volatilization increases when soil temperatures are above 65°F (Figure 3) and humidity is above 60 percent. (msstate.edu)

That means that 40-60% of the nitrogen is not taken up by the crop, some being lost permanently through volatilization, deep leaching and denitrification and some being temporarily tied up or immobilized by soil microbes to decompose straw. (gov.mb.ca)
Ammonium applied to the soil originating from urea will also be accessible to microbial conversion to nitrate-N, which is at risk for leaching or denitrification. (krugerseed.com)

Ideally, a manager should attempt to apply nitrogen immediately before a moderate rain event (0.1 inch), allowing urea to dissolve and move into the soil. (wikipedia.org)
The soil was irrigated with 10 mm of water just after the applieation of urea to dissolve and incorporate it onto the first layer of soil. (upm.es)

Three forms of nitrogen are very important in the soil: urea, ammonium and nitrate. (mnwheat.org)
Of the three forms of nitrogen (urea, ammonium, and nitrate), nitrate (NO3-N) moves the most with water while ammonium (NH4+) largely stays put where it is. (mnwheat.org)

Urea is a Carbonic Acid diamide and is the solid Nitrogen fertiliser with the highest Nitrogen UF, 46% in ureic form. (dfgrupo.com)

An economical and effective source of nitrogen, urea is a white crystalline solid containing 46 percent nitrogen. (kochfertaustralia.com)

Depending on the N fertilizer source, the N could be susceptible to volatilization losses. (agfax.com)
Urea N forms are susceptible to volatilization losses while ammonium and nitrate are not. (agfax.com)

The results showed that potassium nitrate had the minimum cumulative ammonium volatilization of less than 0.07 mg N and it was not affected by soil acidity. (ac.ir)

It can also be absorbed as fertilizer by crop roots, and reduces the toxic effect of ammonia on seed germination and seedling growth. (jinbangch.com)
If you have any doubts about how to dress wheat, vegetables, citrus fruits, maize or any other crop with urea, remember that DFGRUPO remains at your disposal to recommend the products that best meet your needs. (dfgrupo.com)

Considering little is known about the microbes (the ammonia producers) in these acidified poultry litter systems, laboratory incubations were performed to determine (1) the differential effect of commonly-used acidifiers (Al+Clear®, PLT®, Poultry Guard®) on microbial populations and (2) how acidification specifically affects the microbial populations responsible for organic N mineralization, and subsequent ammonia production. (usda.gov)
The results showed that returning straws of wheat, early-season rice, middle-season rice and late-season rice, and corn to the field with urea application at the rate of about 150 kg/ha, 120～135 kg/ha, 75 kg/ha, and 75～90 kg/ha, respectively, can provide sufficient nitrogen for microbial decomposition. (hindawi.com)

It is important that there is adequate moisture because up to thirty percent of the available nitrogen can be lost through atmospheric volatilization within seventy-two hours of application. (wikipedia.org)
The conditions that we experienced when producers spread urea this spring were not conducive to large amounts of urea lost through ammonia volatilization. (agfax.com)
While it is almost impossible to determine how much N was lost from urea volatilization due to the complexities of the N cycle, given the dry soil moisture conditions that occurred during urea fertilizer application, losses were hopefully minimal to slight. (agfax.com)
Alternatively, application can be after plant dormancy with the risk that some N will be lost to overwinter volatilization and leaching. (montana.edu)
The results showed that more than 59% of applied ammonium sulfate at the soil with the pH value of 7.88 was lost through ammonia volatilization and resulted in air pollution. (ac.ir)
Percent ammonia-N lost from all sites during the study ranged 1-24% of urea-N applied. (syr.edu)
Up to 30 percent of the available nitrogen can be lost through atmospheric volatilization within 72 hours of application. (msstate.edu)
The less N converted to ammonia gas, the less lost to volatilization. (doggettcorp.com)
While untreated urea lost 32 percent of its available nitrogen, urea treated with ANVOL lost just 12 percent. (kochagronomicservices.com)

The amount of ammonia volatilization depends on several environmental factors, including temperature, pH, and the soil water content. (wikipedia.org)
Several environmental conditions affect the rate of ammonia volatilization. (msstate.edu)
His work on Dissolved organic carbon as part of general Environmental chemistry study is frequently linked to Volatilisation, therefore connecting diverse disciplines of science. (research.com)

Twenty-five wether lambs (34 ± 0.9 kg) fitted with ruminal and abomasal infusion catheters were used in a completely randomized design to determine the effects of differing proportions of ruminal and abomasal casein infusion on urea N recycling and N balance in lambs fed a high-concentrate diet (85% corn grain, 1.6% N, DM basis) for ad libitum intake. (usda.gov)
in the laboratory the evolved arnrnonia was collected in boric acid by rneans of a flow of air and quantified by titration, whereas in the greenhouse volatilization was indirectly estirnated using corn as a test-plant. (usp.br)

ESN ® polymer-coated urea is a granular urea coated with a semipermeable polymer. (ncsu.edu)
Urea contains 46% N and is granular. (ncsu.edu)

Under the condition of returning 100% straw to the field, we developed the formula for calculating the nitrogen application rate and estimated the urea application rate for the three major grain crops. (hindawi.com)

Thus, the objectives of this greenhouse study were to evaluate the effectiveness of mixing urea with zeolite and sago waste water on N, P and K uptake and their use efficiency in maize cultivation, and soil exchangeable ammonium, available nitrate, pH, exchangeable K, and available P contents. (academicjournals.org)

The mixtures of sago waste water, and zeolite, with urea had significant effect on dry matter, N, P, K uptake and N, P, K use efficiency compared with urea without additives. (academicjournals.org)

Frank, DA & Zhang, Y 1997, ' Ammonia volatilization from a seasonally and spatially variable grazed grassland: Yellowstone National Park ', Biogeochemistry , vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 189-203. (syr.edu)

Generally speaking, volatilization will be lower when urea is applied during the wetter and cooler conditions that generally occur in early spring (March and April). (wikipedia.org)
Higher yield from the use of this material might occur under conditions of high N volatilization potential. (ncsu.edu)
Volatilization of nitrogen can also occur with ammonium sulphate (AMS) or Amidas if it sits on the soil for numerous days. (fieldcropnews.com)

There were 11 sets of all treatment combinations and each set was analyzed for soil moisture, pH, NH3 volatilization, and residual N (urea, NH4, and NO3) every other day for 3 wk. (unl.edu)
Urea, is converted to ammonia two to four days after application when soil moisture and temperature are favorable. (krugerseed.com)

The urea application rate for returning 100% wheat straw to the field in Huang-Huai-Hai region, Middle-Lower Yangtze region, Loess plateau region, and Northwest arid region was 135-230 kg/ha, 110-190 kg/ha, 85-145 kg/ha, and 95-165 kg/ha, respectively. (hindawi.com)
Ammonia volatilization and atmospheric N deposition following straw and urea application from a rice-wheat rotation in southeastern China. (nuist.edu.cn)
Dressing wheat, olives, vegetables or citrus fruits with urea is recommended. (dfgrupo.com)

Volatilization among sites was negatively related to soil cation-exchange capacity (r = 0.85) and rates were highest in July. (syr.edu)

Atmospheric ammonia has impacts on both local and international (transboundary) scales. (apis.ac.uk)

A similar trend was found for sulfur-coated urea. (ac.ir)

A temperature increase from 44 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit (F), increased urea conversion to ammonium four times. (agfax.com)

Organisms3

Chemicals and Drugs9

Phenomena and Processes2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Health Care5

Hydrolysis17

Nitrification5

Fertilizers16

Soils10

Anhydrous11

Reduce ammonia6

Time between urea application and precipitation2

Rate of urea1

Atmosphere9

NBPT5

Conversion of urea2

Inhibitor5

Effect of mixi2

Losses of ammonia2

Surface17

Controlled Release Urea1

Agrotain1

Abstract1

Free ammonia1

Enzyme5

Manure1

Allows urea2

Decrease ammonia1

Incorporation2

Loss9

Slurry4

Total ammonia2

Nitrate and ammonium1

Emissions2

Increases2

Denitrification2

Dissolve2

Forms of nitrogen2

Fertiliser1

Source of nitrogen1

Susceptible2

Potassium nitrate1

Crop2

Microbial2

Lost9

Environmental3

Corn2

Granular2

Nitrogen application1

Greenhouse1

Additives1

Spatially1

Occur3

Soil moisture2

Wheat3

Cation exchange1

Atmospheric1

Sulfur1

Temperature1