Amino helices membrane protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

ArcB consists of 778 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
The two transmembrane portions of the protein are 20 amino acid long alpha helices that are both rich in hydrophobic amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
Amino acids 79-778 are cytoplasmic, 93% of the protein is cytoplasmic. (wikipedia.org)
ArcA consists of 238 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
each subunit composed of 119 amino acids, five alpha helices, and six beta sheets. (wikipedia.org)
Amino acids 134-234 have the DNA binding domain which can activate or suppress gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
Here we present a new approach to incorporate single or multiple post-translational modifications or non-canonical amino acids into soluble and membrane proteins expressed in eukaryotic cells. (biorxiv.org)
However, despite recent technical achievements 1 , 2 , the type of chemical modification that can be accomplished by genetic means (e.g. amber codon suppression) is limited to incorporation of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) due to the tolerance of the cell's translational machinery. (biorxiv.org)
The efficiency of membrane insertion depends on transmembrane (TM) helix amino acid composition, the helix length and the position of the amino acids within the helix. (altmetric.com)
In this work, we conducted a computational analysis of the composition and location of amino acids in transmembrane helices found in membrane proteins of known structure to obtain an extensive set of designed polypeptide segments with naturally occurring amino acid distributions. (altmetric.com)
It is alternatively spliced into two forms, SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b, differing by nine amino acids substitutions. (nih.gov)
These convertase enzymes are expressed exclusively in neural and endocrine cells, and cleave prohormones at pairs of basic amino acids. (nih.gov)
amino acids often flank the transmembrane alpha helixes of integral membrane proteins. (uark.edu)
and (iii) the C-terminal tail (amino acids 210 to 218) is located in the cytosol. (rcsb.org)
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structural analysis showed that the first membrane-spanning segment (amino acids 69 to 93) consists of two helices separated by a "helix breaker. (rcsb.org)
Association of EcPOX to the lipid bilayer is conferred by the last 23 amino acids of the C-terminal part which form an amphipathic helix in the presence of membranes. (uni-goettingen.de)
EcPOX was used as well-suited model system to analyze the impact of multiple amino acids on an enzymes activation mechanism and eventual bilayer association. (uni-goettingen.de)
It was shown that amino acids within the active site mediate pyruvate-induced reduction of the protein-bound flavin cofactor. (uni-goettingen.de)
The flavin redox state is also sensed by specific amino acids. (uni-goettingen.de)
Blood coagulation factors V and VIII contain a C-terminal, twice repeated, domain of about 150 amino acids, which is called F5/8 type C, FA58C, or C1/C2- like domain. (embl-heidelberg.de)
In the Dictyostelium discoideum (Slime mold) cell adhesion protein discoidin, a related domain, named discoidin I-like domain, DLD, or DS, has been found which shares a common C-terminal region of about 110 amino acids with the FA58C domain, but whose N-terminal 40 amino acids are much less conserved. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The CLIC family is defined by a COOH-terminal core segment of ~230 amino acids that are highly conserved among the family members. (proteopedia.org)
charged amino acids on each end of the alpha helices could be part of the ion selectivity of this channel. (proteopedia.org)
PDZ domains consist of 80 to 90 amino acids comprising six beta-strands (beta-A to beta-F) and two alpha-helices, A and B, compactly arranged in a globular structure. (embl.de)
Systematic deletion mutagenesis of Tsp localized the binding site to amino acids 206-307, a region that completely encompasses the putative PDZ domain (217-301). (embl.de)
The isolated PDZ domain (amino acids 206-334) is capable of folding into a well-behaved structure and binds to a nonpolar peptide with a dissociation constant (K(D)) of 1.9 microM, similar to that of the intact Tsp protein. (embl.de)
Instead of detecting the (13)C labeling patterns in the typically used amino acids from the total cellular protein, our method detects these (13)C patterns in amino acids from the reporter protein that has been expressed in only one species of the consortium. (gozmusic.org)
For ASH1 E3 LE recognition by She2p/She3p, the she2p tetramer uses two identical sets of amino acids (N36, R43, R52, K60, and R63) to contact RNA, while its protruding helix seems to be important for interaction with She3p. (uni-tuebingen.de)
Therefore, the researchers performed molecular dynamics simulations , which show all the interactions of the amino acids of the protein with their surroundings. (hexbyteinc.com)
The present article is based on the large amount of sequence data accumulated in these years and focuses on the viral nucleic acids and proteins and their function. (pdfroom.com)
While all coronaviruses contains these proteins, a subset (HEV, HCV-OC43 and BCV) is now recognized to possess an additional glycopolypeptide (gp65), which is unrelated to S or M. N protein The number of amino acids in the N protein has been determined by cloning and sequencing for MHV strains A59 (Armstrong et al. (pdfroom.com)
Full-length ChChd3 has 227 amino acids ARP 100 with an N-terminal myristoylation motif followed by a DUF737 domain (domain of unknown function) and a coiled-coil helix-coiled-coil helix (chch) domain (Fig. 1 and amino acid sequence and exon organization of ChChd3. (sciencepop.org)
More recently, we found that amino-acids identified by NMR titration in DPC as crucial for UCP1 activation by long chain free fatty acid are without effect in a physiological mitochondrial context [8] . (ibpc.fr)
This protein is 1,353 amino acids in length, and the monomers assemble to form a homotrimer. (frontiersin.org)
The proteolytic splitting out of the first five alpha-helices in the Cry4B toxin molecule does not affect its binding to the 65- and 62-kD proteins, but an additional removal of 20-30 amino acids from the C-terminal of the molecule sharply spoils this binding. (unicamp.br)
Bioinformatics analysis showed that this gene encoded 286 amino acids with a theoretical molecular mass of about 32 kDa, and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.15. (cnif.cn)
Protein domains of approximately 120 amino acids that form two perpendicular anti-parallel beta sheets connected by a loop of variable length and a C-terminal amphipathic helix. (bvsalud.org)

In addition, 5 membrane protein amino acid residues with functional potential differentiated healthy cats from cats with FIP. (cdc.gov)
We examined the possibility that the C2 domain, amino acid residues 2173-2332, of factor VIII (fVIII) contains a binding site for von Willebrand factor (vWf) to clarify previous data showing that some monoclonal and human inhibitor antibodies with epitopes in C2 prevent fVIII-vWf binding. (embl-heidelberg.de)
residues 101-145) to those of other better understood proteins which are able to insert themselves into the membrane, Tulk et. (proteopedia.org)
2010). Lipid raft association and cholesterol sensitivity of P2X1-4 receptors for ATP: chimeras and point mutants identify intracellular amino-terminal residues involved in lipid regulation of P2X1 receptors. (gozmusic.org)
Our approach combine ligand chemistry with protein refolding and functional assays on yeast mitochondria to identify key residues involved in the regulation of UCP1 activity. (ibpc.fr)
In the absence of a tri-dimensional structure, revealing the topology of a membrane protein provides relevant information to identify the number and orientation of transmembrane helices and the localization of critical amino acid residues, contributing to a better understanding of function and intermolecular associations. (qub.ac.uk)
We compared the S protein structures of MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 viruses and identified the residues like C526, C383, and N468 located in equivalent positions of these viruses have effects on S protein structure. (frontiersin.org)
Peptide CTAENTLFYVKES, corresponding to amino acid residues 270-282 of human P2RY12 (Accession Q9H244 ). (alomone.com)
Homology Rat, mouse - 12/13 amino acid residues identical. (alomone.com)
Monosaccharide residues are not involved in the binding of the 65- and 62-kD proteins with Cry4B, Cry11A, and Cry9A. (unicamp.br)
However, it is currently unknown whether TRPA1 is localized in specific domains of the plasma membrane, or whether cholesterol interacts with specific residues of TRPA1. (elifesciences.org)
Amino acid residues 220-231 of the wild-type ApoA-I are required for lipid efflux in vitro and high density lipoprotein formation in vivo. (medlineplus.gov)

In Escherichia coli, the essential ATPase SecA was found to cotranslationally target a subset of nascent membrane proteins to the SecYEG translocase at the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
SNAP-25 contributes two helices to the complex and is targeted to the plasma membrane by palmitoylation of four cysteines in the linker region. (nih.gov)
It mediates fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane resulting in exocytosis of neurotransmitters. (nature.com)
[1] Along with being present in the plasma membrane, CLIC1 has been found in various intracellular membranes, such as those of the mitochondria, nucleus (where it is designated NCC27), vesicles, and the endoplasmic reticulum. (proteopedia.org)
PDZ domain proteins are frequently associated with the plasma membrane, a compartment where high concentrations of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) are found. (embl.de)
Moreover, we identified two structural motifs in transmembrane segments 2 and 4 involved in mTRPA1-cholesterol interactions that are necessary for normal agonist sensitivity and plasma membrane localization. (elifesciences.org)

Rafts are microdomains within cell membranes that are enriched in saturated lipids, such as sphingolipids, and cholesterol. (nih.gov)
Many bacteria and unicellular algae have light-driven pumps in their cell membranes: proteins that change shape when exposed to photons such that they can transport charged atoms in or out of the cell. (scitechdaily.com)
These results seem to uncover the existence of a new structural determinant in cannabinoid receptors, that is likely implicated in directing their interaction with cholesterol-rich microdomains of cell membranes. (unboundmedicine.com)
ApoA-I attaches to cell membranes and promotes the movement of cholesterol and phospholipids from inside the cell to the outer surface. (medlineplus.gov)

Experimental two-dimensional (1)H-(15)N dipole-dipole coupling versus (15)N chemical shift spectra for all samples are analyzed numerically to establish combined constraints on the orientation of the seven transmembrane helices relative to the membrane bilayer normal. (ox.ac.uk)
However, we found more proteins with seven transmembrane helices in eukaryotes and more with six and 12 transmembrane helices in prokaryotes. (rostlab.org)

For the more usual cases, when the helix azimuthal rotation shows little dependence on the host bilayer identity, excepting W18GWALP23, the transmembrane helixes adapt to different lipids primarily by changing the magnitude of their tilt. (uark.edu)
There is an extensive body of discordant literature about whether general anesthetics act on membrane proteins directly, or secondarily, after primary action on membrane lipids. (silverchair.com)
What we noticed is that a salt bridge is formed between the arginine amino acid and the lipids of the membrane. (hexbyteinc.com)
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) provides unique insight into biomacromolecular complexes by combining solvent contrast variation (H2O:D2O exchange) with either natural contrast between different classes of biomolecules (proteins, RNA/DNA, lipids/detergents) and/or by applying artificial contrast, i.e. deuteration of specific biomolecules. (lu.se)

five alpha helices and one beta sheet. (wikipedia.org)

The great majority of helical membrane proteins are inserted co-translationally into the ER membrane through a continuous ribosome-translocon channel. (altmetric.com)
In particular, we did not find significantly higher percentages of helical membrane proteins in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes or archae. (rostlab.org)

The presequence differs from signal sequences that direct proteins across bacterial plasma membranes and endoplasmic reticulum or into mitochondria. (embl.de)
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of protein synthesis for secretory and membrane proteins. (uni-tuebingen.de)

The trimeric Sec61/SecY complex is a protein-conducting channel (PCC) for secretory and membrane proteins. (cipsm.de)
Using a number of techniques such as pulse-chase, subcellular fractionation, lipid analysis by quantitative TLC and fluorescence immunocytochemistry, we have demonstrated that cholesterol is the most abundant lipid in the membranes of the TGN and secretory granules, and that the function of CPE as a sorting receptor is dependent on cholesterol. (nih.gov)
This sequence is raft associated and sufficient to target PC1 (its native molecule) or a reporter protein to the regulated secretory pathways. (nih.gov)
The amphipathic alpha helical region of the processing enzymes may therefore serve dual functions: as a membrane anchor within lipid microdomains of the TGN and secretory granules, and as a sorting domain. (nih.gov)

Just as in the case of antibiotic resistance, new strains evolve within an infected immune-compromised person's body that produce a version of the spike protein that no longer binds with the acquired antibodies. (theepochtimes.com)
Its substrate specificity suggests that Tsp may contain a substrate recognition domain, which selectively binds to the nonpolar C-termini of substrate proteins, separate from its catalytic site. (embl.de)
Here, the anion enters the protein and finally binds to a positive charge at the retinal molecule inside. (scitechdaily.com)
A key component in the virulence of MERS-CoV is the Spike (S) protein, which binds with the host membrane receptor dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). (frontiersin.org)

Molecular modeling of these enzymes has revealed an amphipathic alpha helix within the C-terminal domains of these proteins. (nih.gov)

We insert synthetic peptides into proteins of interest via tandem protein trans-splicing using two orthogonal split intein pairs and validate our approach by investigating different aspects of GFP, Na V 1.5 and P2X2 receptor function. (biorxiv.org)
We thus sought to complement these approaches with a method that could incorporate synthetic peptides carrying multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs) or ncAAs into both cytosolic and membrane proteins in live eukaryotic cells. (biorxiv.org)
To probe the two-stage model, the structures of peptides representing individual transmembrane helices of the disulfide bond forming protein B have been studied in trifluoroethanol solution as well as in detergent micelles using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and circular dichroism spectroscopy. (rcsb.org)
We find that GWALP23 peptides having F5, Y5, or W5 exhibit essentially the same av. tilt and similar dynamics in bilayer membranes of 1,2-dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC) or 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC). (uark.edu)
the preferred orientations and dynamics of membrane-spanning peptides. (uark.edu)

Because the approach can introduce virtually any chemical modification into both intracellular and extracellular regions of target proteins, we anticipate that it will overcome some of the drawbacks of other semi-synthetic or ribosome-dependent methods to engineer proteins. (biorxiv.org)
To gain insight into the intracellular fluxes of subpopulations and their interplay within such mixed cultures, we developed here a (13)C flux analysis approach based on affinity purification of the recombinant fusion glutathione S-transferase (GST) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter protein. (gozmusic.org)
2011). The Intracellular Amino Terminus Plays a Dominant Role in Desensitization of ATP-gated P2X Receptor Ion Channels. (gozmusic.org)
Upon prolonged high intracellular rises in Ca 2+ , platelets develop a procoagulant phenotype that is characterized by the surface membrane exposure of phosphatidylserine and by the inactivation of integrin α IIb β 3 (procoagulant platelet population) ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)

Since the method does not depend on specific resonance assignments and proves robust toward nonidealities in the sample alignment, it may be generally feasible for the study of conformational arrangement and function-induced conformation changes of large integral membrane proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
CLIC1 is a member of the highly conserved class of chloride ion channels that exist in both soluble and integral membrane forms. (proteopedia.org)
When disrupted cells are washed approximately half of the CLIC1 proteins will remain within the fractioned membrane as would be expected from an integral membrane protein. (proteopedia.org)
The HIV-1 Vpu protein is an oligomeric integral membrane protein essential for particle release, viral load and CD4 degradation. (biomedcentral.com)

The potential difference maintained across the cell membrane in the absence of stimulation is called the resting potential ( in humans, −70 mV). (khanacademy.org)

The latter facilitates the simultaneous use of two orthogonal split inteins within the same peptide or protein, an approach termed tandem protein trans-splicing (tPTS). (biorxiv.org)
Peptide structures in TFE were compared to the structures of full-length protein obtained by X-ray crystallography and NMR. (rcsb.org)
However, the conformation of some amino acid side chains differs between the structures of peptide and full-length protein. (rcsb.org)
We demonstrate that this peptide is targeted in vitro by various protein kinases, including CK2, PKA, and CKD2/cyclin A/B/E complexes. (bvsalud.org)
Peptide binding of the ligand takes place in an elongated surface groove as an anti-parallel beta-strand interacts with the beta-B strand and the B helix. (embl.de)
Photoaffinity labeling with a fluorescent nonpolar peptide caused the covalent attachment of the peptide to a single site on the Tsp protein. (embl.de)
Biophysical studies indicated that this modification compensated for the missing hydrophobicity, stabilized α-helical structure, and enabled insertion of the peptide into the membrane core. (bgu.ac.il)
Peptide confirmation Confirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry. (alomone.com)

Cry-toxins inactive against A. aegypti larvae either fail to bind to the 65-kD protein and to a putative product of its proteolysis with the molecular weight of 62 kD (Cry1Ab), or bind but do not compete for this binding with mosquitocidal proteins (Cry9A). (unicamp.br)

This membrane anchor is attached to the protein surface by hydrophobic interactions with the protein core. (uni-goettingen.de)
Similar to the stabilization at the protein the membrane anchor is also bound to the membrane by hydrophobic contacts. (uni-goettingen.de)

For the first time, a molecular movie has captured in detail the process of an anion transported across the cell membrane by a light-fuelled protein pump. (scitechdaily.com)
A protein with the molecular weight of 65 kD is the only component of Aedes aegypti larvae BBM capable to specifically bind mosquitocidal toxins Cry4B and Cry11A of Bacillus thuringiensis. (unicamp.br)

The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is linked with cellular inclusions in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the brain that are enriched in the misfolded presynaptic protein α -synuclein ( α S) and death of the dopaminergic neurons. (hindawi.com)
A classification by cellular function verified that eukaryotes have a higher proportion of proteins for communication with the environment. (rostlab.org)
The genome of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) encodes the E1 replication factor, whose biological activities are regulated by cellular protein kinases. (bvsalud.org)
To determine TRPA1 localization in cellular membranes we stained HEK293T cells transfected with the mTRPA1-mCherry construct with the Vybrant Alexa Fluor 488 Lipid Raft Labeling Kit. (elifesciences.org)
With the use of total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy we found a population of highly mobile vesicular structures near the cellular membrane containing both mTRPA1-mCherry and the lipid raft marker cholera toxin B ( Figure 1A and B , Video 1 ), as well as static areas where both fluorescent probes were colocalized at the membrane. (elifesciences.org)

Plastid-specific ribosomal proteins (PSRPs) have been proposed to play roles in the light-dependent regulation of chloroplast translation. (cipsm.de)

Protein conformation is critically linked to function and often controlled by interactions with regulatory factors. (cipsm.de)
These observations may indicate that in the native protein, tertiary interactions additionally stabilize the secondary structure of the individual transmembrane helices. (rcsb.org)
Chemical cross-linking provides detailed insights into these interactions suggesting a role for membrane fusion. (nature.com)
Zippering of the SNAREs is proposed to provide the required energy to initiate membrane fusion 6 , 7 and proceeds from the N-terminus towards the membrane-proximal C-terminus through interactions of their complementary SNARE motifs. (nature.com)
Moreover, iron interactions with N-terminally acetylated α S, the physiologically relevant form of the human protein, will be addressed to shed light on the current understanding of protein dynamics and the physiological environment in the disease state. (hindawi.com)
There is increasing evidence that direct interactions between volatile anesthetics and channel proteins may result in general anesthesia. (silverchair.com)
Recent evidence is in favor of direct interactions between volatile anesthetics and channel proteins as the underlying mechanism of general anesthesia. (silverchair.com)
In this work, we show that substrate recognition of Tsp is mediated by a PDZ domain, a small protein module that promotes protein-protein interactions by binding to internal or C-terminal sequences of their partner proteins. (embl.de)
Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)
We discuss the impact of such interactions on TRPA1 gating mechanisms, regulation by the lipid environment, and role of this channel in sensory membrane microdomains, all of which helps to understand the puzzling pharmacology and pathophysiology of this channel. (elifesciences.org)

residue near each end of a transmembrane helix, for example, that of GWALP23 (acetyl-GGALW5(LA)6LW19LAGA-ethanol]amide). (uark.edu)
Here, we identified in the transmembrane helix 7 of human CBRs a consensus sequence already known in other proteins as cholesterol recognition/interaction amino acid sequence and consensus pattern. (unboundmedicine.com)

Then, using an in vitro translation system in the presence of biological membranes, we experimentally validated our predictions by analyzing its membrane integration capacity. (altmetric.com)
Here we show that this substitution confers a gain in necroptotic function in human cells, with more rapid accumulation of activated MLKLS132P in biological membranes and MLKLS132P overriding pharmacological and endogenous inhibition of MLKL. (bvsalud.org)

The precise nature of the mutation responsible for pathogenesis has not been identified, although studies have suggested sequence differences in the spike protein ( 14 ), nonstructural protein (NSP) 7b, and NSP3c ( 13 ) as disease determinants. (cdc.gov)
Here, we present results of a recent search of the protein sequence database for new DS domains using generalized profiles, a sensitive multiple alignment-based search technique. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Using voltage-clamp techniques, the authors examined the effect of two general anesthetics (ketamine and halothane) on a rat brain potassium channel of known amino acid sequence, and further assessed whether the inhibition of the channel is altered by a partial deletion of the C-terminal sequence of this channel. (silverchair.com)
As this motif is different in the two CBR subtypes, we mutated lysine 402 of CB(1)R into glycine, to obtain a cholesterol recognition/interaction amino acid sequence and consensus similar to that of CB(2)R. Both mutated and wild-type receptors were transiently expressed in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells, and their localization and functioning were investigated using biochemical assays and immunofluorescence labelling. (unboundmedicine.com)

Through point mutagenesis, we show that phosphorylation of this region is essential for E1 subcellular localization, the interaction of E1 with the E2 protein, and replication of the HPV18 genome. (bvsalud.org)
I aimed to identify RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in yeast that associate with ER and to assess their role in mRNA localization and/or translation at ER. (uni-tuebingen.de)

The essential membrane fusion apparatus in mammalian cells, the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex, consists of four alpha-helices formed by three proteins: SNAP-25, syntaxin 1, and synaptobrevin 2. (nih.gov)
To achieve this, the neuronal SNARE (i.e., soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complex brings the vesicle and presynaptic membranes in close proximity, thereby, mediating the fusion of the two membranes resulting in exocytosis of neurotransmitters. (nature.com)
Fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane occurs in the presence of the NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor) / α-SNAP (α-soluble NSF attachment protein) disassembly machinery. (nature.com)
Atypically, the other half will behave as a soluble cytoplasmic protein and exist within the aqueous extract. (proteopedia.org)
to postulate that CLIC1 is among the small group of proteins which are assembled as soluble cytoplasmic proteins, which will then insert themselves into the appropriate membrane via their own mechanism. (proteopedia.org)

We found a reduced propensity of the mutant CB(1)R to reside in cholesterol-rich microdomains and, by means of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis, we documented its loss of sensitivity to increased membrane cholesterol content. (unboundmedicine.com)
Despite emergent evidence that TRPA1 is regulated by the membrane environment, it remains unknown whether this channel localizes in membrane microdomains or whether it interacts with cholesterol. (elifesciences.org)

consists entirely of alpha-helices. (proteopedia.org)
or RhoGEF domain consists of an ~ 150 amino acid region that induces Rho family GTPases to displace GDP. (cellsignal.com)

The SNARE complex assembles from vesicular Synaptobrevin-2 as well as Syntaxin-1 and SNAP25 both anchored to the presynaptic membrane. (nature.com)
The major constituent of LBs is aggregated α -synuclein ( α S), an intrinsically unfolded protein predominantly localized in the presynaptic regions of dopaminergic neurons. (hindawi.com)
HC RSs are characterized by the presence of a sphere-shaped proteinaceous organelle (also known as dense body) adjacent to the presynaptic membrane. (jneurosci.org)

The strong expression of ATP-gated P2X3 receptors by a subpopulation of sensory neurons indicates the important role of these membrane proteins in nociceptive signaling in health and disease, especially when the latter is accompanied by chronic pain syndromes. (gozmusic.org)
Proteomic research and hybridization tests determined ChChd3 as an extremely abundant proteins at synaptic membranes and in neurons of rat mind throughout the grey matter dorsal main ganglion and spinal-cord (16). (sciencepop.org)
Researchers are eager to discover the details of light-driven pumps because these proteins are valuable optogenetic tools: genetically engineered into mammalian neurons, they make it possible to control the neurons activities by light and thus research their function. (scitechdaily.com)

These proteins contain two related domains known as the chromo- and the chromoshadow-domain. (cipsm.de)
There are 23298 FA58C domains in 16898 proteins in SMART's nrdb database. (embl-heidelberg.de)
PDZ domains can occur in one or multiple copies and are nearly always found in cytoplasmic proteins. (embl.de)
There are 333040 PDZ domains in 224949 proteins in SMART's nrdb database. (embl.de)
Assembly of transmembrane (TM) domains is a critical step in the function of membrane proteins, and therefore, determining the amino acid motifs that mediate this process is important. (bgu.ac.il)
The protein is inserted in the cell membrane, and the mutation changes a proline amino acid in one of the helical transmembrane domains into an arginine. (hexbyteinc.com)
In this study, we show that mouse TRPA1 is located preferably in cholesterol-rich domains and identify cholesterol recognition amino acid consensus (CRAC) motifs in the TM2 and TM4 segments that are implicated in the attenuation of chemical activation of mTRPA1 by cholesterol-depleting agents. (elifesciences.org)

Analysis of the ChChd3-binding proteins revealed that ChChd3 interacts with the IM proteins mitofilin and OPA1 which regulate crista morphology and the outer membrane protein Sam50 which regulates import and assembly of β-barrel proteins on the outer membrane. (sciencepop.org)
Significantly, CLC4 is expressed on endosomes and the ER, and likely interacts with related CLC-3 channels which facilitate sorting of CLC-4 proteins into endosomal compartments. (metrionbiosciences.com)

CLIC1 inserts from the aqueous phase into phospholipid membranes, where it functions as an anion channel. (proteopedia.org)
Furthermore, during transport of the aspartate, the protein transiently formed an anion channel. (hexbyteinc.com)
As the study has revealed, the chloride anion is attracted by a positively charged patch of the rhodopsin protein in Nonlabens marinus' cell membrane. (scitechdaily.com)
When retinal isomerizes due to light exposure and flips over, it drags the chloride anion along and thus transports it a bit further inside the protein. (scitechdaily.com)

Rafts may serve to cluster protein complexes, such as those involved in signal transduction, thereby facilitating signaling. (nih.gov)
Phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets, usually located around a thrombus, provide a negatively charged membrane surface, which supports coagulation factor binding and the formation of tenase and prothrombinase complexes ( 6 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Knockdown of ChChd3 led to almost complete loss of both mitofilin and Sam50 proteins and alterations in several mitochondrial proteins suggesting that ChChd3 is a scaffolding protein that stabilizes protein complexes involved in maintaining crista architecture and protein import and is thus essential for maintaining mitochondrial structure and function. (sciencepop.org)
Mutations in a few of these protein have been connected with devastating conditions such as for example neurodegenerative diseases cancers and type II diabetes (7 8 Although significant advancements have been manufactured in determining the protein involved with mitochondrial morphology and dynamics hardly any is well known about the proteins complexes that control the biogenesis of cristae and crista ARP 100 junctions (CJs). (sciencepop.org)
In a first couple of examples, I will show how distance and shape restraints from SANS have helped to improve the uniqueness of structural models for two multi-protein-RNA complexes, in combination with NMR restraints and building blocks from crystallography [1, 2]. (lu.se)

Viral sequences from healthy cats were distinct from sick cats on the basis of genetic distances observed in the membrane and nonstructural protein 7b genes. (cdc.gov)
The mRNA vaccines contain only the code for the SARS-CoV-2 envelope spike protein, whereas the DNA-based vaccines both contain an adenovirus viral vector that has been augmented with DNA that codes for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. (theepochtimes.com)
Flavivirus nonstructural protein 2A (NS2A) is a component of the viral replication complex that functions in virion assembly and antagonizes the host immune response. (rcsb.org)
One such protein is viral protein U (Vpu) that is encoded by HIV-1 but not HIV-2 or the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Whether Vpu is a viral pathogenesis factor remains to be established, but compared to HIV-1, closely related retroviruses such as HIV-2 and SIV that lack expression of a fully functional Vpu protein also cause less severe disease outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
We investigated the effects of MERS-CoV S protein viral mutations on protein stability and binding affinity. (frontiersin.org)
We are studying the mechanism of viral membrane fusion and its inhibition by drugs and antibodies. (stanford.edu)

Pink crystals reveal the mechanism of chloride transport over the cell membrane: Using time-resolved serial crystallography, the pink NmHR crystals revealed ion binding sites in the chloride transporter and pumping dynamics after photoactivation. (scitechdaily.com)

Finally, we show that membrane-embedded SecYEG promotes handover of the translating ribosome from SecA to the translocase via a concerted mechanism. (nih.gov)
In this thesis the activation and membrane binding mechanism of EcPOX was investigated. (uni-goettingen.de)
Initial results suggest that Q8 leaves the membrane and penetrates the active site of EcPOX according to an out-of-the membrane mechanism. (uni-goettingen.de)
The use of a separate substrate recognition domain such as a PDZ domain may be a general mechanism for achieving selective protein degradation. (embl.de)

The proteins have two catalytic zinc ions at the active site, bound by His/Asp, Asp, Glu, Asp/Glu and His. (embl.de)
Concomitant to release of the membrane anchor also an autoinhibitory helix is removed from the protein which leads to a great enhancement of the catalytic activity of EcPOX. (uni-goettingen.de)

The goal of the present investigation is to examine the effects of missense mutations in the MERS-CoV S protein on protein stability and binding affinity with DPP4 to provide insight that is useful in developing vaccines to prevent coronavirus infection. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, we studied all DPP4 mutations and found the functional substitution R336T weakens both DPP4 protein stability and S-DPP4 binding affinity. (frontiersin.org)
These findings provide further information on how mutations in coronavirus S proteins effect protein function. (frontiersin.org)
Epidermolysis bullosa is a family of bullous disorders caused by an absence of basement membrane components due to underlying gene mutations. (medscape.com)
These mutations lead to an altered apoA-I protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the APOA1 gene can also cause a condition called familial visceral amyloidosis, which is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of proteins (amyloidosis) in internal organs (viscera). (medlineplus.gov)
The mutations that cause this condition alter the apoA-I protein. (medlineplus.gov)

Coupled with known strategies to control membrane protein topology, these findings may pave the way to de novo membrane protein design. (altmetric.com)
Here we report the first topology model of flavivirus NS2A on the ER membrane. (rcsb.org)
In this chapter, we describe a pipeline employing bioinformatic approaches for the prediction of membrane protein topology, followed by experimental validation through the substituted-cysteine accessibility method and the analysis of the protein's oligomerization state. (qub.ac.uk)

Here we report the selection of camelid-derived single-domain antibodies (nanobodies) that modulate the conformation and spectral properties of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). (cipsm.de)

We found twice as many coiled-coil proteins in eukaryotes (10%) as in prokaryotes and archaes (4%-5%), and we predicted approximately 15%-25% of all proteins to be secreted by most eukaryotes and prokaryotes. (rostlab.org)
Furthermore OPA1 and mitofilin are recommended to be in the CJs and involved with CJ development and control the CJ starting (10 12 14 Coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain-containing proteins 3 (ChChd3/FLJ20420/LOC54927/RIKEn cDNA 0610041L09) once was identified inside our laboratory like a cAMP-dependent proteins kinase A (PKA) substrate in mitochondria (15). (sciencepop.org)

Members of the discoidin (DS) domain family, which includes the C1 and C2 repeats of blood coagulation factors V and VIII, occur in a great variety of eukaryotic proteins, most of which have been implicated in cell-adhesion or developmental processes. (embl-heidelberg.de)

It was a hydrophilic cytoplasmic protein with no trans-membrane region. (cnif.cn)

These numbers may or may not suggest that there are 1200-2600 folds in the universe of protein structures. (rostlab.org)

However, agonist-dependent activation of cell surface receptors is sometimes required to promote interaction with a PDZ protein. (embl.de)
Here, we review current knowledge how proteases act on platelet receptors and the platelet membrane surface. (frontiersin.org)
The P2Y receptors are a widely expressed group of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). (alomone.com)
Signals to trigger apoptosis may come from within the cell or from outside, by stimulating suicide receptors in the cell's external membrane. (agemed.org)

We describe how these are activated, which are their target proteins, and how their proteolytic activity modulates platelet functions. (frontiersin.org)

A microelectrode, constructed by filling a glass tube of extremely small diameter with a conducting fluid such as KCl, is inserted into an axon in such a way that the surface membrane seals itself around the electrode. (khanacademy.org)

Here we use biochemical and cryoelectron microscopy analyses to show that the amino-terminal amphipathic helix of SecA and the ribosomal protein uL23 form a composite binding site for the transmembrane domain (TMD) on the nascent protein. (nih.gov)
The two-stage model for membrane protein folding postulates that individual helices form first and are subsequently packed against each other. (rcsb.org)
helices to insert and form the pore. (proteopedia.org)
A tetrameric form of α S has also been identified in human tissues that has been postulated as the inactive storage form of this structurally dynamic protein due to its aggregation resistance [ 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Across the globe, 2-3% of humans carry the p.Ser132Pro single nucleotide polymorphism in MLKL, the terminal effector protein of the inflammatory form of programmed cell death, necroptosis. (bvsalud.org)
Since the human transport protein is difficult to study in the lab, Guskov and his colleagues used an analogous protein from archaea, an ancient form of unicellular organism. (hexbyteinc.com)
This salt bridge, a form of attraction between molecules, appears to slow down the movement of the elevator part of the protein. (hexbyteinc.com)
This bundle is composed mainly of the CR1, CR2, and CR3 regions that each form separate α−helices which pack together. (cellsignal.com)
Some versions of the altered protein are less able to promote the removal of cholesterol and phospholipids from cells, which decreases the amount of these substances available to form HDL. (medlineplus.gov)
Abnormal apoA-I proteins stick together to form amyloid deposits that impair the function of the affected organs. (medlineplus.gov)

The extent of α-helical secondary structure coincided well, lending support for the two-stage model for membrane protein folding. (rcsb.org)
Computer predictions of its secondary structure have led to a model in which approximately 10~ of the N-terminal part of the molecule is exposed on the outer surface of the virus membrane (see references above and Rottier et al. (pdfroom.com)
The secondary structure of the protein mainly composed of α-helices, random coils, and β-sheets. (cnif.cn)

Manipulation of proteins by chemical modification is a powerful way to decipher their function or harness that function for therapeutic purposes. (biorxiv.org)
Chemical or genetic engineering of proteins provides great potential to study protein function and pharmacology or to generate proteins with novel properties. (biorxiv.org)
The results furthermore suggest possibilities for rotational and dynamic control of membrane protein function. (uark.edu)
Somehow, the arginine that replaced the proline did not alter the shape of the transport protein, but it did affect its function. (hexbyteinc.com)

The Arc B sensor kinase, which is a tripartite protein, is membrane bound and can autophosphorylate. (wikipedia.org)
ArcB is a membrane-bound sensor histidine kinase. (wikipedia.org)
Under many growth conditions where oxygen is not present, the ArcB sensor kinase (which is membrane-bound) turns to autophosphorylates which is a process proven to be more efficient when certain fermenting metabolites such as Pyruvate, Acetate, and D-Lactate. (wikipedia.org)

Here we demonstrate that PSRP1 is not a bona fide ribosomal protein, but rather a functional homologue of the Escherichia coli cold-shock protein pY. (cipsm.de)
Furthermore, we demonstrate the functional conservation of this phosphorylation across the E1 proteins of the low-risk mucosotropic HPV11 and high-risk cutaneotropic HPV5. (bvsalud.org)

Cotranslational protein targeting is a conserved process for membrane protein biogenesis. (nih.gov)

This protein transports glutamate across the membrane of neural cells," explains structural biologist Albert Guskov. (hexbyteinc.com)

The prediction models were trained on influenza protein sequences isolated from both avian and human samples, which were transformed into amino acid physicochemical properties feature vectors. (springer.com)

The central helices of ApoA-I can promote ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)-mediated lipid efflux. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy35

Organisms11

Chemicals and Drugs99

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Phenomena and Processes72

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture8

Information Science7

Health Care1

Acids37

Residues12

Plasma membrane6

Cell membranes4

Seven transmembrane helices2

Lipids4

Five alpha helices1

Helical membrane proteins2

Endoplasmic reticulum2

Secretory4

Binds4

Amphipathic alpha helix1

Peptides5

Intracellular4

Integral4

Maintained across the cell membrane1

Peptide8

Proteolysis1

Hydrophobic2

Molecular2

Cellular5

Ribosomal proteins1

Interactions10

Transmembrane helix2

Biological membranes2

Sequence4

Localization2

Soluble5

Microdomains2

Consists2

Presynaptic3

Neurons3

Domains7

Interacts2

Anion4

Complexes5

Viral7

Dynamics1

Mechanism4

Catalytic2

Mutations7

Topology3

Conformation1

Coiled-coil2

Eukaryotic1

Trans-membrane1

Structures1

Receptors4

Target proteins1

Surface membrane1

Form10

Secondary structure3

Function4

Kinase3

Functional2

Biogenesis1

Structural1

Sequences1

Transporter1