• Indigenous" (as used in the United States) describes the native inhabitants of North America. (healthline.com)
  • Indigenous is a broad term encompassing all tribes of the original residents of the continent. (healthline.com)
  • If you really really really just gotta talk about the indigenous people of America as a collective, choose one term and stick with it throughout any paper, article, or presentation. (rationalwiki.org)
  • The only real indigenous peoples of North America are the Native Indians. (teach-nology.com)
  • The truth is that no one who is alive today was alive during the battle with the Indians and the resulting forced reservation living accommodations for these original indigenous Native Americans. (teach-nology.com)
  • Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz is the author of An Indigenous Peoples' History of the United States (Beacon, 2014) and other works on the history of Indigenous peoples. (monthlyreview.org)
  • That was the goal of independence, with both the seasoned Indian killers of the Revolutionary Army and white settler-rangers/militias using extreme violence against Indigenous noncombatants with the goal of total domination. (monthlyreview.org)
  • In the course of that war, Anglo-American settlers intensified their use of counterinsurgent violence, which the Anglo settler elite dubbed "savage wars," against Indigenous peoples' resistance to their incursions into the territories of the Ottawa, Miami, Kickapoo, and the confederations identified with Pontiac's leadership of the Great Lakes region, spreading to the Illinois and Ohio countries. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Through a comparative analysis, the duality that characterises Pico's verse will be highlighted, and will place him in a tradition of indigenous poets who demonstrate that duality is a defining feature of Native American poetry. (lu.se)
  • In academic writing about Native American literature, one will find a variety of nomenclature to describe America's indigenous. (lu.se)
  • While the Native Americans were away from their New England territory, white settlers took over the land. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The Abenaki who remained in their homelands in the United States also tried to live quietly and avoid trouble with European settlers, but they were not always able to do so. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Amy Greenberg's book, Manifest Destiny and American Territorial Expansion, provides documented evidence that settlers believed they were destined for expansion throughout the continent. (ipl.org)
  • In other words, many religious settlers believed that it was a call from God for the United States to expand west. (ipl.org)
  • In the colonial era, through the Revolutionary War, the foundation of America was oratorically clarified as an act of prudence-that is, God led people, specifically the white Europeans, to America to find a new and superior or incomparable societal order that would be the light unto all realms.2 In fact, many settlers also believed in creating a new nation filled with history and stories. (ipl.org)
  • Known as the "greatest Indian general" ever, he terrorized settlers and the army, surpassing Geronimo's feats and ferocity. (historynet.com)
  • Praise came fast, and then the backlash, especially against the claim that the nation's true founding should be dated not to the 1776 American Revolution but to 1619, when the first group of 20 to 30 enslaved Africans arrived in North America and were sold to Jamestown settlers. (thenation.com)
  • Muddying the water still further, recent archaeological evidence suggests that the peoples known today as American Indians or Native Americans were actually the second wave of settlers who crossed the land bridge into North America during the last Ice Age. (rationalwiki.org)
  • It is hard to accurately document the total number of tribes that were present in North America when the first European settlers made the trip across the Atlantic Ocean. (teach-nology.com)
  • Expansion - The history of Native Americans can be looked at as an experiment in both expansion and lack of understanding from the European settlers. (teach-nology.com)
  • It is hard to understand what was going on in the minds of the American settlers especially the ones migrating from the original 13 Eastern Colonies westward all the way to California. (teach-nology.com)
  • Many lives on both sides were lost during the expansion tactics of the United States original settlers until peace eventually came through Geronimo's ultimate surrender. (teach-nology.com)
  • If every single Native American warrior from every North American tribe would have joined forces during the first conflict with the European settlers, quite possibly America and Canada would be quite different locations. (teach-nology.com)
  • The Anglo-American settlers' violent break from Britain in the late eighteenth century paralleled their search-and-destroy annihilation of Delaware, Cherokee, Muskogee, Seneca, Mohawk, Shawnee, and Miami, during which they slaughtered families without distinction of age or gender, and expanded the boundaries of the thirteen colonies into unceded Native territories. (monthlyreview.org)
  • North American Indians fought among one another long before Europeans arrived on the continent. (historynet.com)
  • After the French and Indian Wars were over, Europeans turned their eyes to the north American continent. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • Honayawas or Farmer's Brother (c. 1730 - 1814) was a Seneca Chief, active member of the Six Nations, elected War Chief, translator, and noted orator who fought and negotiated with both the United States and British before, during, and after the American Revolution. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the French and Indian War he may have fought in the disastrous Battle of the Monongahela with Braddock in 1755. (wikipedia.org)
  • For five years, from 1755 to 1760, the battles raged at Lake George, Crown Point, Fort Ticonderoga, and Quebec as France, Britain and the native peoples of North America fought to decide who would control the crucial highway of rivers and lakes between New York and the city of Montreal. (mountainlake.org)
  • Wood and Oakes, especially, objected to Hannah-Jones's argument that the American Revolution was fought to defend slavery, and Wilentz, in a comment to The Atlantic , took exception to her remark that African Americans fought for their rights "largely alone. (thenation.com)
  • The British and their colonial militias had the advantage of numbers, while the French had a more important edge: the support of the Indian nations in the region, including the powerful Abenakis. (mountainlake.org)
  • American Indian and Alaska Native men face the next highest risk. (healthline.com)
  • PURPOSE: Studies have highlighted geographic variation in cancer incidence rates among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations. (cdc.gov)
  • This use of the term "Indian" originates from Christopher Columbus 's belief on reaching the Caribbean islands in 1492 that he had instead reached Asia , which was referred to as India at the time (specifically, he believed the island of Hispaniola was "Cipangu" or Japan ). (rationalwiki.org)
  • America when Christopher Columbus mistakenly believed he had landed ashore in India. (lu.se)
  • Early feminists and Marxists, among others, used the Iroquois as a counterpoint to what they described as European-bred oppressiveness at a time when mainstream America was preoccupied with westward expansion. (ratical.org)
  • The Declaration of Independence of 1776 symbolizes the beginning of the "Indian Wars" and "westward movement" that continued across the continent for another century of unrelenting U.S. wars of conquest. (monthlyreview.org)
  • This state of mind powered western settlement, Native American evacuation and war with Mexico. (ipl.org)
  • Knowledge of Iroquois and other native American societies and their political organizations would appeal to architects of European and American social and political movements much as they had helped shape the ideals of some of the United States' most influential founders. (ratical.org)
  • As a result of his travels in Iroquois country, Clinton concluded that Native Americans have "all the indications of an incipient civilization. (ratical.org)
  • Native Americans are the peoples who live in North, Central, and South America, and are the descendants of those who lived there before the European invasions commencing in the late fifteenth century. (rationalwiki.org)
  • Certain circumpolar peoples are sometimes excluded from the definition of Native Americans. (rationalwiki.org)
  • Most Hispanic peoples in the Americas have some Native American ancestry, as do smaller numbers of whites and blacks. (rationalwiki.org)
  • Somewhat larger numbers of whites and blacks will claim Native American ancestry out of embarrassment for what is really, respectively, black or white ancestry. (rationalwiki.org)
  • Also it's not technically a distinction anyway, since anyone born on this continent is also technically a native American (note the lower-case "n" in native). (rationalwiki.org)
  • Some "Native Americans" have rejected this term, in favor of the first incorrect term, "Indian", in a move to say, "You gave it to us once, now you want to change it again. (rationalwiki.org)
  • The term Native American has, rightly or wrongly, been associated with other politically correct language and euphemisms. (rationalwiki.org)
  • As a reference to people who are native to the continent of America the term "native American" is clearly an absolutely correct term. (rationalwiki.org)
  • However, as the name "American" is used in some languages to refer solely to the citizens of the United States, some have suggested the use of other terms such as Native Canadian and, presumably, Native Mexican , Native Argentinian or whatever. (rationalwiki.org)
  • Some people like to say "If you were born here, you are a native American", thus devaluing the usage of a people who say "yeah? (rationalwiki.org)
  • The history of Native Americans is as old as the continent of North America . (teach-nology.com)
  • This review will not touch upon a very sensitive subject concerning the treatment of the Native Americans by the groups of white men but it is important to realize what happened to the Native American people. (teach-nology.com)
  • In the year 2008 there are more than 4 million Native American individuals both in the Continental United States and Canada . (teach-nology.com)
  • All of these Native Americans can trace their history back to their respective Indian tribes from both of these countries. (teach-nology.com)
  • Great Plains Buffalo - The Native Americans of North America utilized their natural resources in a manner that has never been duplicated on the North American continent. (teach-nology.com)
  • The Native American Indians deeply respected this animal for not only it's meat but also as a spiritual being that was revered by all the tribes that came in contact with this wonderful animal. (teach-nology.com)
  • What the Native Americans had created with their 100% utilization of the buffalo from snout to tail was almost completely destroyed by the arrival of rifle sharpshooting hunters. (teach-nology.com)
  • What we do know is that the entire continent that Americans call home was once all Native American Indians. (teach-nology.com)
  • Respectful People - To say that the Native American Indians were mistreated is a fair statement and one that can be expanded upon with open discussion and relevant factual information. (teach-nology.com)
  • The Native American Indians acted as any other population of people would have done when their beloved land and food sources as well as natural resources were being taken from them. (teach-nology.com)
  • The pride of the Native American Indian for family, tribe and earth is spectacular and inspiring. (teach-nology.com)
  • Divide and Conquer - The history of Native Americans can be summed up in three simple words, divide and conquer. (teach-nology.com)
  • As it stands the Native Americans now have very important rights that are only superseded by certain United States and Canadian Federal laws. (teach-nology.com)
  • If given the choice between being free or living on reservations the Native American Indians would have certainly selected choice number one. (teach-nology.com)
  • Wado - One thing each and every American and Canadian can say to the surviving Indian tribal populations is wado which means thank you in the Cherokee native tongue. (teach-nology.com)
  • Please see below only a handful of the Native American Indian tribal names so that you may become familiar with some of the people's that once roamed free in this great land that is now the United States of America and Canada. (teach-nology.com)
  • the eastern half of the continent was "ethnically cleansed" of Native nations by 1850, through forced relocation to "Indian Territory" west of the Mississippi. (monthlyreview.org)
  • The program of expansion and the wars against Native American civilization and the agricultural societies of the vast valley of the Ohio River and the Great Lakes region began before the Declaration with the French and Indian War of 1754-63, which was the North American extension of the Seven Years' War between France and Britain in Europe. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Western red cedar, (Thuja plicata), an ornamental and timber evergreenconifer of the cypress family (Cupressaceae), native to the Pacific coast of North America. (britannica.com)
  • Through the use of several analytic methods and postcolonial theories, this thesis will analyse representations of language, place, and identity, and argue that they are constructed in the border between Native American and American consciousness. (lu.se)
  • Firstly, Tommy Pico's Nature Poem will be read alongside a selection of Native American poets. (lu.se)
  • Long Soldier's work demonstrates the complicated relationship between Native American poets and the English language, utilising linguistic and poetic methods to disrupt the hierarchical power of English in public discourse. (lu.se)
  • The variety of terms and lack of consensus in Native American literary studies does highlight the reality that this nomenclature is a postcolonial issue. (lu.se)
  • However, the diversity of Native American poets is considered in the literature. (lu.se)
  • As the poet Heid E. Erdrich (Ojibwe) wrote, "there is no such thing as Native American poetry. (lu.se)
  • For continuity, in this thesis the term Native American will be used. (lu.se)
  • The history of Native Americans after the arrival of the pilgrims in 1620 is one of disenfranchisement, genocide, and forced migration. (lu.se)
  • Treaty violation, however, does not nullify their legality, and Native American tribes to this day still live under the laws and restrictions that have controlled their sovereignty for hundreds of years. (lu.se)
  • In 2009, the United States Federal Government issued an "acknowledgement and apology," acknowledging a "long history of official depredations and ill-conceived policies" in its dealings with Native Americans (Congress.gov). (lu.se)
  • The publication of a text so carefully constructed with legally non-binding terms and saturated with use of the passive voice was, to many Native Americans, unsurprising in the context of dealings between Native American tribes and the Federal Government. (lu.se)
  • When the Six Nations dissolved in 1777 over disagreements on allegiances during the American revolution: 370 Farmer's Brother sided with the British along other Senecas. (wikipedia.org)
  • 467 In the treaty the British surrendered to the Americans several territories East of the Mississippi River, however they did this without the knowledge or consent of their Six Nations allies who still considered themselves the rightful owners of this land. (wikipedia.org)
  • 467 The treaty did not include any mention of the Nations the British had made alliances with: 371 and left the responsibility of negotiating peace with them to the newly formed United States Government. (wikipedia.org)
  • 467 This, coupled with previous instances of failed negotiations between the United States government and the Six Nations,: 226-227 pressured the Americans: 371 into action to avert more conflicts. (wikipedia.org)
  • 468 The American statesman Timothy Pickering was appointed to position of commissioner for the Haudenosaunee by George Washington: 228 with the purpose of establishing a lasting peace between both nations. (wikipedia.org)
  • 482-485 Ultimately Pickering, on behalf of the United States government, offered to restore some territory that had been taken from the Six Nations and promised a $4,500 annuity payment would be provided from United States to Six Nations in perpetuity to be spent on "clothing, domestic animals, implements of husbandry, and other utensils suited to their circumstances. (wikipedia.org)
  • 38 The treaty did more than settle the tensions between the two Nations it also made the American government recognize the sovereignty and jurisdiction of the Haudenosaunee as equally valid as their own. (wikipedia.org)
  • 413 : 2-3 In his speech, Farmer's Brother spoke on behalf of two American agents, Jasper Parrish and Horatio Jones, who had been captured by, and worked with, the Six Nations closely before eventually being adopted by them. (wikipedia.org)
  • These terms themselves remain broad: In the United States alone, 574 recognized Indian Nations exist. (healthline.com)
  • Diverse as the European continent is, the artistic traditions of its nations share many common traits. (britannica.com)
  • Some historians believe that the ancestors of the tribes making up the Abenaki confederacy first arrived in North America about three thousand years ago. (encyclopedia.com)
  • But in trying to correct the vast record of injustice done the American Indians, he went too far in the other direction. (historynet.com)
  • The rivalry between the French and British for this vast continent had been simmering for a century when war finally erupted in western Pennsylvania, then spread to Europe and the rest of the world, in a global contest called the Seven Years War. (mountainlake.org)
  • It describes how Custer and his men, after being forced to retreat to the west by the Indians, made a dangerous trek over an extremely difficult terrain. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • Gerald Vizenor describes the word Indian as "a colonial enactment, not a loan word, [whose] dominance is sustained by the simulation that has superseded the real tribal names" (11). (lu.se)
  • The culture of North and West Africa are conducive to a heavy use of vegetables and vegetarian or vegan recipes. (hubpages.com)
  • Some Black people may not be American, while others may not trace their ancestry to Africa. (healthline.com)
  • People of Color face numerous but varied challenges stemming from harmful cultural stereotypes and systemic racism, from the internment of Japanese Americans in concentration camps during World War II to the incarceration of children whose parents were attempting to immigrate to the United States. (healthline.com)
  • Manifest Destiny is a term for the mentality common amid the nineteenth century time of American development that the United States could, as well as was bound to, extend across the nation. (ipl.org)
  • A fter ratification of the United States Constitution, the political ideas of the Iroquois and their influence on the American mind persisted for most of the nineteenth century. (ratical.org)
  • Often overshadowed by the American Revolution, the epic struggle known in the United States as the French and Indian War (1755-1760), determined which great European empire would control North America. (mountainlake.org)
  • But a group of liberal historians reacted harshly as well, among them Princeton's Sean Wilentz, who, along with four other esteemed scholars-James McPherson, Gordon Wood, Victoria Bynum, and James Oakes-sent a letter to the Times demanding a retraction of the claim, made by Hannah-Jones, that "one of the primary" causes of the American Revolution was that colonists "wanted to protect the institution of slavery. (thenation.com)
  • However, there was one man on the British side who understood how to wage war the way the Indians did, Robert Rogers created a new type of warrior and new rules of warfare. (mountainlake.org)
  • He gave as the stated purpose of his book the presentation of "the conquest of the American West as the victims experienced it," hence the book's subtitle, An Indian History of the American West . (historynet.com)
  • I wanted to write something epic-that is to say, to cover a large swath of American history. (historynet.com)
  • Manifest Destiny is a unique, yet mysterious fundamental series of events in American history. (ipl.org)
  • No other country's history contains such an eventful history as the United States. (ipl.org)
  • As an "ongoing initiative," The 1619 Project "aims to reframe the country's history by placing the consequences of slavery and the contributions of black Americans at the very center of our national narrative. (thenation.com)
  • Enrolling in a course about western history in any online university will allow you to explore the impact that European expansion had on the development of North American society. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • A class about early western history can touch on such diverse subjects as cowboy boots and the Cherokee Indians, to the life of Gen. George Armstrong Custer. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • An example of a class on western history online would teach students about the Trail of Tears, because it is one of the most dramatic parts of American history. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • If you want a glimpse into the past of this great nation, read America history. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • Apalachees Original people of northern Florida, the Apalachee Indians were driven west and their descendants live in Louisiana today. (teach-nology.com)
  • There's no denying that nonwhite citizens of the United States and Canada regularly face racism . (healthline.com)
  • Forgotten War is a nationally distributed PBS produced documentary that has reached millions of viewers throughout the United States and Canada. (mountainlake.org)
  • Western arts, the literary, performing, and visual arts of Europe and regions that share a European cultural tradition, including the United States and Canada. (britannica.com)
  • METHODS: Using CONCORD-2 data, we estimated 5-year net survival among patients diagnosed 2004-2009 with one of 10 common cancers, and children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), by socioeconomic status (SES) quintile, age (0-14, 15-64, 65 years), and country (Canada or United States). (cdc.gov)
  • Survival differences by age and SES between Canada and the United States may help inform cancer control strategies. (cdc.gov)
  • Cozzens, author and editor of 17 histories of the Civil War and Indian wars, turns his gaze west again to provide balance regarding the broad narrative of the Indian wars. (historynet.com)
  • There were several diffrent way people used the word Manifest Destiny like the way John L. O'sullivan used it was he believed that " majority of Americans at the time believed was their mission from God: to expand to west and bring the United States government to unenlightened people. (ipl.org)
  • The Mimbres range extends north to south about fifty miles west of the Rio Grande (in New Mexico, the river runs north to south before turning southeast at El Paso). (historynet.com)
  • Not only were those efforts rebuffed in Washington, but in 1871 the federal government decided to move the Indians to an altogether different location more than fifty miles to the west, at the foot of the Tularosa Mountains. (historynet.com)
  • Martin Luther King Jr. saw something essential about our nation: Imperial expansion west over stolen Indian land shaped and deepened the American Revolution's relationship to slavery. (thenation.com)
  • It is bounded by North-Western (to the west) and Central (south) provinces and by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (to the north and east). (britannica.com)
  • A second change is the adoption of a new response option for respondents of Middle Eastern or North African (MENA) descent. (cdc.gov)
  • How do you perceive the Indians who allied with whites? (historynet.com)
  • Often, the Iroquois League's ideas were welded to the Classical imagery that was so evident in the first decades of the American Federal period. (ratical.org)
  • [3] Speaking before the New York Historical Society in 1811, De Witt Clinton (a member of the New York Tammany Society) stated that all of the proceedings of the Iroquois "were conducted with great deliberation and were distinguished for order, decorum, and solemnity. (ratical.org)
  • METHODS: Using the United States Cancer Statistics AI/AN Incidence Analytic Database, we identified all malignant cancer cases for NH-AI/AN AYA populations for the years 1999-2019. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1604 French explorer Samuel de Champlain (1567-1635), visited many Abenaki villages while on a mission to trade furs and establish a French fort on the St. Croix River (in territory that is now part of the state of Maine). (encyclopedia.com)
  • Over 250 years ago an epic struggle for the fate of North America played out right here in our own backyards, we call it the French and Indian War. (mountainlake.org)
  • Out of this demonic consortium arose the French and then the American Revolutions . (biblesearchers.com)
  • The iconic colonial protest slogan "taxation without representation is tyranny" marked the surge of rebellion against British control, but it did not tell the whole story, considering what the tax was for: to pay the cost of housing, feeding, and transporting soldiers to contain and suppress the colonies from expanding further into Indian territory. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Long thought to be the Lamb like beast of America by Christian prophetic scholars , we find a new understanding as the Islamic scholars give us a new perspective from the hadiths (sayings) of the Prophet Muhammad . (biblesearchers.com)
  • Arapahos the Arapaho Indians were originally farming people, but once horses were introduced to the Americas, they began to follow the buffalo herds like the Cheyenne and Sioux. (teach-nology.com)
  • There was no unified Indian resistance, as his book implies. (historynet.com)
  • Apaches Relatives of the Navajos, the Apache Indians are best-known for their fierce military resistance against the Mexicans and Americans, under the leadership of warriors like Geronimo and Cochise. (teach-nology.com)
  • In the book, Amy Greenberg states that the ideology of western expansion began when Puritans, upon arriving in the New World, "They envisioned their experimental settlement as a 'citty upon a hill,' a beacon of light for less blessed people elsewhere that would prove superiority not only of Protestantism over Catholicism but also of strict Puritans over less rigorous practices of Protestanism. (ipl.org)
  • Many people in the United States consider the term "African American" the more polite and correct choice, but this isn't always accurate. (healthline.com)
  • But by July of 1810, Clinton began to witness a thriving Indian economy with people drying fish, making wampum and raising children. (ratical.org)
  • At Tuesday's hearing, Mallory argued in part that witchcraft is a religion practiced by some people and, therefore, the books should be banned because reading them in school violates the constitutional separation of church and state. (blogspot.com)
  • It was constructed in 1849 and served as a transportation system for horses and cattle from the central and eastern states to markets in the northern and eastern states. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • shooting star: Major species: Western Arctic shooting star (P. frigida) is a small delicate species found in Arctic and subarctic regions of North America and far eastern Russia. (britannica.com)
  • A celebrity in his own time, Rogers was considered a hero by the colonials, an upstart by the British, and the "White Devil" his Indian enemies. (mountainlake.org)
  • Most respondents were either Black/African American (26), White (25) or MENA (23). (cdc.gov)
  • No western American Indian chief received shabbier treatment from the U.S. government than Victorio. (historynet.com)
  • Located in the Western Hemisphere, North America is the third largest continent by area. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • Western Air Lines, Inc., former American airline that was first incorporated in 1925 as Western Air Express, Inc., reincorporated in 1928 as Western Air Express Corp., and renamed Western Air Lines in 1941. (britannica.com)
  • Alps: Physiography: The Western Alps trend north from the coast through southeastern France and northwestern Italy to Lake Geneva and the Rhône valley in Switzerland. (britannica.com)
  • Western Australia, state of western Australia occupying that part of the continent most isolated from the major cultural centres of the east. (britannica.com)
  • METHODS: This population-based study included 399,427 adults registered with pancreatic cancer in 41 US state cancer registries during 2001-2014, with follow-up to December 31, 2014. (cdc.gov)
  • Indians still symbolized republican virtue and freedom in the early republic as they had at the Boston Tea Party. (ratical.org)
  • A small Mexican village sprang up in the valley about thirty miles upstream from the Rio Grande (near modern Dusty), and there the Indians traded their plunder for arms, ammunition, and whiskey. (historynet.com)
  • Our nation was born in genocide, when it embraced the doctrine that the original American, the Indian, was an inferior race. (thenation.com)
  • [1] Others say the term "Indian" is both inaccurate and confusing. (rationalwiki.org)
  • While previously very active as a war leader, Farmer's Brother became more heavily involved in the treaty making process with the Americans after the British signed the Treaty of Paris in 1783. (wikipedia.org)
  • The British government sets aside land near St. Francis, Quebec, to accommodate the flood of Abenaki moving there from the United States . (encyclopedia.com)
  • [4] References such as this helped America to develop an identity distinct from the British parliamentary tradition. (ratical.org)
  • On the other hand, the Americans were able to defeat the British at Yorktown, which became the spark that ignited the fight for independence. (westernhistoryassociation.org)
  • The story of Robert Rogers and his Rangers brings to life the passion, the brutality and the violence of the fight for North America. (mountainlake.org)
  • American life. (lu.se)
  • His home, Warm Springs, is nestled between the craggy, forested Black Range of the Mimbres Mountains to the south and the San Mateo Mountains to the north. (historynet.com)