Here we review recent insights into the biophysical, biochemical, and epigenetic processes that underlie regenerative healing in amphibians, focusing particularly on tail and limb regeneration in Xenopus . (frontiersin.org)
Appendage regeneration, particularly of the tadpole tail, has been widely studied before, during and after this period. (frontiersin.org)
Elegant experiments using heat-shock inducible expression of inhibitory proteins have further refined these observations to establish epistatic relationships, in which BMP acts upstream of Wnt, which in turn acts upstream of FGF during regeneration of the limb bud and tail ( Lin and Slack, 2008 ). (frontiersin.org)
Tissues2
Dedifferentiation of cells means that they lose their tissue-specific characteristics as tissues remodel during the regeneration process. (wikipedia.org)
Injuries that sever tissues such as the limb or spinal cord are met with radically different outcomes among vertebrates. (frontiersin.org)
Amphibians2
salamanders and newts), an order of tailed amphibians, is possibly the most adept vertebrate group at regeneration, given their capability of regenerating limbs, tails, jaws, eyes and a variety of internal structures. (wikipedia.org)
In urodele amphibians such as axolotls and newts, the same injury is followed by scarless regenerative healing that can fully restore both the lost tissue and its function (reviewed in Tanaka, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
Injury1
Many arthropods can regenerate limbs and other appendages following either injury or autotomy. (wikipedia.org)
This should not be confused with the transdifferentiation of cells which is when they lose their tissue-specific characteristics during the regeneration process, and then re-differentiate to a different kind of cell. (wikipedia.org)
Growth3
In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and tissue growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. (wikipedia.org)
The new growth of seedlings and community assembly process is known as regeneration in ecology. (wikipedia.org)
It is well-established that early embryonic signaling pathways are critical for growth and patterning of new tissue during regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
Axolotl5
Cells keep a memory of their tissue origin during axolotl limb regeneration. (nature.com)
Our results suggest that the role of nerves is conserved and that Fgf+Bmp signals play key roles in axolotl organ-level regeneration. (nature.com)
The axolotl is one of the few tetrapods that are capable of regenerating complicated biological structures, such as complete limbs, throughout adulthood. (nih.gov)
Upon injury the axolotl generates a population of regeneration-competent limb progenitor cells known as the blastema, which will grow, establish pattern, and differentiate into the missing limb structures. (nih.gov)
In this study, we focused on the structure of collagen fibers with collagen braiding cells, and cell origin in axolotl skin regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Progenitor cells1
Salamanders capable of limb regeneration form a blastema (a mass of lineage-restricted progenitor cells 4 ) after limb loss, and our findings suggest that ear tissue regeneration in Acomys may proceed through the assembly of a similar structure. (nature.com)
Regenerate limbs1
Many arthropods can regenerate limbs and other appendages following either injury or autotomy. (wikipedia.org)
Salamanders2
salamanders and newts), an order of tailed amphibians, is possibly the most adept vertebrate group at regeneration, given their capability of regenerating limbs, tails, jaws, eyes and a variety of internal structures. (wikipedia.org)
After autotomy, the missing part is either replaced through regeneration (for example, in urodeles, lizards, arthropods and crustaceans) or permanently lost (such as in mammals). (nature.com)
Axolotls2
Here, we reevaluated tooth regeneration processes in axolotls using a three-dimensional reconstitution method called CoMBI and found that tooth regeneration is nerve-dependent although the dentary bone is independent of nerve presence. (nature.com)
BACKGROUND: Axolotls can regenerate their limbs. (bvsalud.org)
Maginnis, T. L. The costs of autotomy and regeneration in animals: a review and framework for future research. (nature.com)
The case of autotomy, for example, serves as a defensive function as the animal detaches a limb or tail to avoid capture. (wikipedia.org)
Genes2
Cells in the primordia of zebrafish fins, for example, express four genes from the homeobox msx family during development and regeneration. (wikipedia.org)
In their limb regeneration process, developmental genes are re-expressed and reorganize the developmental axes, in which the position-specific genes are properly re-expressed. (bvsalud.org)
Cellular2
Regeneration in biology, however, mainly refers to the morphogenic processes that characterize the phenotypic plasticity of traits allowing multi-cellular organisms to repair and maintain the integrity of their physiological and morphological states. (wikipedia.org)
Above the genetic level, regeneration is fundamentally regulated by asexual cellular processes. (wikipedia.org)
Differentiate1
This should not be confused with the transdifferentiation of cells which is when they lose their tissue-specific characteristics during the regeneration process, and then re-differentiate to a different kind of cell. (wikipedia.org)
However, how such position specificity is reorganized in the regeneration processes has not been clarified. (bvsalud.org)
Mechanisms2
In this review we focus on the crucial early events that occur during wound healing, the neural-epithelial interactions that drive the formation of the early blastema, and how these mechanisms differ from those of other species that have restricted regenerative potential, such as humans. (nih.gov)
Our findings contribute to the elucidation of the fundamental mechanisms of true skin regeneration and provide useful insights for pioneering new skin treatments. (bvsalud.org)
Lizards1
In reptiles, chelonians, crocodilians and snakes are unable to regenerate lost parts, but many (not all) kinds of lizards, geckos and iguanas possess regeneration capacity in a high degree. (wikipedia.org)
Dermis2
Notably, we found that regenerative capacity in Acomys was extended to ear holes, where the mice exhibited complete regeneration of hair follicles, sebaceous glands, dermis and cartilage. (nature.com)
In the wounded dermis, cells involved in skin repair/regeneration were derived from both the surrounding dermis and the subcutaneous tissue. (bvsalud.org)
Fibrosis1
Regeneration can either be complete where the new tissue is the same as the lost tissue, or incomplete after which the necrotic tissue becomes fibrosis. (wikipedia.org)
Organs2
The regeneration of organs is a common and widespread adaptive capability among metazoan creatures. (wikipedia.org)
Teeth are among the organs for which a novel treatment allowing perfect regeneration would be extremely useful. (nature.com)
Pattern2
We also discuss how the presence of cells from the different axes of the limb is required for the continued growth and establishment of pattern in the blastema as described in the polar coordinate model, and how this positional information is reprogrammed in blastema cells during regeneration. (nih.gov)
Multiple cell types from the mature limb stump contribute to the blastema at different stages of regeneration, and we discuss the contribution of these types to the regenerate with reference to whether they are "pattern-forming" or "pattern-following" cells. (nih.gov)
Cells2
In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration, and tissue growth that makes genomes, cells, organisms, and ecosystems resilient to natural fluctuations or events that cause disturbance or damage. (wikipedia.org)
Dedifferentiation of cells means that they lose their tissue-specific characteristics as tissues remodel during the regeneration process. (wikipedia.org)
The new growth of seedlings and community assembly process is known as regeneration in ecology. (wikipedia.org)
Grow1
The whole limb of a salamander or a triton will grow again and again after amputation. (wikipedia.org)
Capacity1
This study underscores the importance of investigating regenerative phenomena outside of conventional model organisms, and suggests that mammals may retain a higher capacity for regeneration than was previously believed. (nature.com)
Skin1
After skin loss, rapid wound contraction was followed by hair follicle regeneration in dorsal skin wounds. (nature.com)