- The mechanism of epigenetic regulation involves the CpG site methylation of promoter regions and the modification of DNA and histones by altering chromatin structure ( 9 - 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- DNA meth-ylation represses transcription by interfering with transcription factor binding and indirectly by recruiting methyl-CpG-binding proteins and reducing chromatin remodeling activities ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Furthermore, contextual associations of the prokaryotic MORCs and their relatives suggest that their eukaryotic counterparts are likely to carry out chromatin remodeling by DNA superstructure manipulation in response to epigenetic signals such as histone and DNA methylation. (beds.ac.uk)
- In this context, we summarize common epigenetic alterations in AML that are relevant for understanding lncRNA potential contribution to the disease. (frontiersin.org)
- Therefore, we summarize the interrelation process between ncRNAs and methylation modifications in GI tumors, including the detailed mechanism of methylation enzyme regulation of ncRNAs, the molecular mechanism of ncRNAs regulation of methylation modifications, and the correlation between the interactions between ncRNAs and methylation modifications and clinical features of tumors. (ijbs.com)
- The post-transcriptional modifications are enzymatically inserted at site-specific locations, for instance the methylation of uridine to 5-methyluridine or ribothymidine is almost invariant at position 54 in all tRNAs. (datexis.com)
- Some of the modifications are quite common, such as 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation. (datexis.com)
- Even modifications as simple as methyl groups can exhibit distinguishable dynamic motions that depend on their location within the RNA structure, for instance the methyl groups of yeast tRNAPhe. (datexis.com)
- Kong M, Yu X, Guo W, Guo R. The bidirectional interplay between ncRNAs and methylation modifications in gastrointestinal tumors. (ijbs.com)
- The aberrant expression of methylation and ncRNAs, two crucial regulators of epigenetic modifications, has been widely demonstrated in cancer. (ijbs.com)
- Finally, we discuss the potential value of ncRNAs and methylation modifications in clinical diagnosis and therapy. (ijbs.com)
- The term epigenetics covers changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the gene itself. (biotopics.co.uk)
- The present study investigated the methylation of CpG sites in the cyclooxygenase (COX)‑2 promoter via nuclear factor (NF)‑κB transcriptional regulation and elucidated its effect on the COX‑2 transcriptional expression in a ketamine‑induced ulcerative cystitis (KIC) animal model. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Phyletic analysis showed that the MORC proteins are widely distributed in eukaryotes, being present in most major crown group lineages (except fungi), apicomplexans and heteroloboseans, suggesting a relatively early origin in eukaryotes [ 5 ]. (beds.ac.uk)
- In epigenetics, a widely exploited paradigm postulates that DNA methylation and histone modifications are installed by "writer" enzymes, recruit "reader" proteins and are removed by "eraser" enzymes [ 14 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
- Tissue and gene enrichment assays showed that the genes that were over-expressed in the CNS were related to functions including neurodevelopment, histone methylation, neurogenesis and synaptic modification. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
- One of the most studied mechanisms, DNA methylation within the human methylome, may provide a potential epigenetic signature for migraine. (lidsen.com)
- Despite the complexity of genetic alterations in cancer, some cures have been achieved in certain malignancies with combination chemotherapy, such as childhood leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, testicular cancer, and diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (medscape.com)
- Many human tumor types with distinct genotypes have 6 essential alterations in cell physiology that appear to collectively dictate the malignant phenotype. (medscape.com)
- More specifically, alterations observed in brain connectivity, as well as in activation of brain stem, hypothalamic, and thalamocortical circuits are suspected to play key roles in the disorder [ 4. Charles A. The pathophysiology of migraine: implications for clinical management. Lancet Neurol. 2018; 17: 174-182. [ CrossRef ] ">4 ]. (lidsen.com)
- DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)
- A cytosine-specific DNA methylase activity, which is normally absent in the Escherichia coli B strain, was found to be induced in these cells by infection with bacteriophage varphiX174. (mysciencework.com)