• Integrins are not constitutively active but rather exist in multiple activation states wherein ligand binding stability is related to the activation status of the receptor. (thno.org)
  • Extracellular factors that influence integrin activation are ligand binding, divalent cation concentration, chemokine signaling and mechanical stress. (thno.org)
  • Endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and its ligand, alpha4beta1 integrin, are key mediators of leukocyte recruitment, and selective inhibitors that bind to the alpha4 subunit of alpha4beta1 substantially reduce clinical relapse in multiple sclerosis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • It has been proposed that ligand occupancy of integrin alphavbeta3 with extracellular matrix ligands (e.g. vitronectin) plays a critical role in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling. (mysciencework.com)
  • Ligand binding to integrin alpha2beta1 triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling, including activation of p38 MAP kinase. (nih.gov)
  • In the absence of integrin ligation, these processes are abrogated therefore pharmacological inhibition of integrin ligation is of great interest for the therapy of numerous diseases resulting from abberant integrin mediated signaling. (thno.org)
  • Importantly, expression of β-catenin in mature naive T cells was sufficient to drive integrin α4β1 expression and CNS migration, whereas pharmacologic inhibition of integrin α4β1 reduced the abnormal T cell presence in the CNS of β-catenin-expressing mice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Adhesion to endothelial cells was blocked by interfering with integrin α4β1 (very late antigen-4, VLA-4) on osteosarcoma cells and CD44 upregulated levels of integrin VLA-4 β1 subunit. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • The ex vivo expression of CNS-related integrins (α4β1 and α L subunit of LFA-1) and the gut-related integrin (α4β7) was assessed using flow cytometry on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. (neurology.org)
  • The CD49b protein is an integrin alpha subunit. (wikidoc.org)
  • Integrin alpha-2 or CD49b (cluster of differentiation 49b) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD49b gene . (wikidoc.org)
  • The different functions of specific integrin heterodimers, such as α4β1 and α5β1, have been attributed to distinct signal transduction mechanisms that are initiated by selective recruitment of adhesion complex components to integrin cytoplasmic tails. (nih.gov)
  • This pattern probably results from the expression of the integrin receptor alpha4-beta1 by the hairy cells and the interaction of the receptor with the vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) found in splenic and hepatic endothelia, bone marrow, and splenic stroma. (medscape.com)
  • Integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are required for the attachment, cytoskeletal organization, mechanosensing, migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells in the context of a multitude of biological processes including fertilization, implantation and embryonic development, immune response, bone resorption and platelet aggregation. (thno.org)
  • Integrin adhesion receptors mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, which control cell morphology and migration, differentiation, and tissue integrity. (nih.gov)
  • Snake disintegrins inhibit the binding of ligands to integrin receptors. (embl.de)
  • Integrin receptors are involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, serving as the final common pathway leading to aggregation via formation of platelet-platelet bridges, which are essential in thrombosis and haemostasis. (embl.de)
  • Disintegrins contain an RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) or KGD (Lys-Gly-Asp) sequence motif that binds specifically to integrin IIb-IIIa receptors on the platelet surface, thereby blocking the binding of fibrinogen to the receptor-glycoprotein complex of activated platelets. (embl.de)
  • Integrins are heterodimeric, transmembrane receptors that function as mechanosensors, adhesion molecules and signal transduction platforms in a multitude of biological processes. (thno.org)
  • Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors found in nearly all metazoan cell types, composed of non-covalently linked α and β subunits. (thno.org)
  • Integrins recruit multimolecular adhesion complexes to their cytoplasmic domains, which provide structural and mechanosensitive signaling connections between the extracellular and intracellular milieux. (nih.gov)
  • Intracellular signaling events that converge on the cytoplasmic domain of integrin tails are also capable of activating the high affinity state. (thno.org)
  • Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane glycoproteins composed of a distinct alpha chain and a common beta chain. (wikidoc.org)
  • We identify previously unreported components of integrin adhesion complexes and observe receptor-specific enrichment of molecules with previously reported links to cell migration and cell signaling processes. (nih.gov)
  • These datasets provide a resource for future studies of integrin receptor-specific signaling events. (nih.gov)
  • An integrin found on fibroblasts, platelets, endothelial and epithelial cells, and lymphocytes where it functions as a receptor for COLLAGEN and LAMININ . (nih.gov)
  • The CrkL-induced increase in cell adhesion was blocked by antibodies against VLA-4 (alpha4beta1) and VLA-5 (alpha5beta1) but was observed without changes in surface expression levels of these integrins. (nbrp.jp)
  • Integrins also function in pathological processes such as inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. (thno.org)
  • For example, lymphoid cells may fine tune the presence and concentration of adhesion molecules belonging to the IgSF, Selectin and Integrin class that interact with a number of vascular markers of inflammation. (reactome.org)
  • The biodirectional nature of integrin mediated signaling allows both extra- and intracellular cues to regulate activation [ 4 ] (Fig. 1 ). (thno.org)
  • Intracellular signals that result in integrin activation are referred to as 'inside-out' signaling events. (thno.org)
  • Integrin ligation via cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix contacts transduces intracellular signaling events in a process called 'outside-in' signaling (Fig. 2 ). (thno.org)
  • Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Induces Integrin α4β1 in T Cells and Promotes a Progressive Neuroinflammatory Disease in Mice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The integrin tails have no intrinsic kinase activity but rather serve as a site for the docking of various kinases and related adaptor proteins that comprise focal adhesions. (thno.org)
  • The IDAPS motif implicated in integrin alpha4beta1 binding is at the FN13-14 junction, rendering the critical Asp184 inaccessible to integrin. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The PRARI motif may represent a new class of integrin-binding sites. (ox.ac.uk)
  • OPN can be cleaved by thrombin, resulting in OPN-R and exposing the cryptic C-terminal alpha4beta1 and alpha9beta1 integrin-binding motif (SVVYGLR). (stanfordhealthcare.org)
  • RESULTS: Endothelial expression of E-selectin, VCAM-1, ALCAM, ICAM-1, VLA-4, and β4 integrin was markedly increased early in tumor seeding. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We show that enhanced β-catenin expression in T cells leads to aberrant and Th1-biased T cell activation, enhanced expression of integrin α4β1, and infiltration of activated T cells into the spinal cord, without affecting regulatory T cell function. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, we demonstrate colocalization of MYO18A with active integrin in migrating cells. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, integrin binding has been identified as a means of viral entry into cells [ 3 ]. (thno.org)
  • NTZ decreased the frequency of α4β1 + and α4β7 + integrin expressing T cells and the binding of these cells to VCAM-1 and MAdCAM-1, respectively. (neurology.org)
  • The presence of manganese partially restored the binding of these T cells to VCAM-1 in vitro, suggesting that FTY interferes with integrin activation. (neurology.org)
  • The spatial organization of the binding sites suggests that heparin and integrin may bind in concert. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Mouse Integrin Alpha 4 (ITGa4) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. (ibiomagazine.org)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Mouse Integrin Alpha 4 (ITGa4) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (ibiomagazine.org)
  • In the last two decades several integrin-targeted drugs have made their way into clinical use, many others are in clinical trials and still more are showing promise as they advance through preclinical development. (thno.org)
  • Mutagenesis studies prompted by this observation reveal that both arginines of the PRARI sequence are important for alpha4beta1 binding to FN12-14. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Crystal structure of a heparin- and integrin-binding segment of human fibronectin. (ox.ac.uk)