Alpha defensin gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

Alpha-defensins, which have been identified in humans, monkeys and several rodent species, are particularly abundant in neutrophils, certain macrophage populations and Paneth cells of the small intestine. (wikipedia.org)
rs4415345G and rs4610776A alleles) of Paneth cell α-defensin-5 against acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). (puppyreading.com)
A further theory suggests that NOD2 mutations lead to a reduction in the production of alpha-defensins (small antibacterial proteins) by Paneth cells located in the small bowel. (medscape.com)
Ileal mucosa in asthma exhibits a specific transcriptomic profile, which includes the overexpression of innate immune genes, mostly characteristic of Paneth and goblet cells, in addition to other changes that may resemble Crohn's disease. (biomedcentral.com)
In infected euthymic mice, Paneth cells and intermediate cells expressed cryptdins (alpha-defensins) but not intestinal trefoil factor (ITF), and goblet cells expressed ITF but not cryptdins. (ox.ac.uk)

They are similar to other enteric alpha-defensins genes in that they involve a two exon structure. (wikipedia.org)
Mouse adenovirus 2 infection was enhanced by enteric alpha-defensins. (cusabio.com)

Defensins (alpha and beta) are cationic peptides with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that comprise an important arm of the innate immune system. (peprotech.com)
Colonic MUC2 mucin regulates the expression and antimicrobial activity of Î²-defensin 2. (peprotech.com)

Complementary DNA microarray technology was used to identify immune-related genes differentially expressed between the normal middle ear mucosa of young (10 days old) and adult rats (80 days old). (ku.dk)
Numerous immune-related genes were differentially expressed postpartum (vs. T3) during a flare. (biomedcentral.com)
At 3 months postpartum, compared to healthy women, several genes were significantly differentially expressed only among the RA Flare women, and not among the RA NoFlare women. (biomedcentral.com)
There were also some genes that were significantly differentially expressed in RA Flare compared to both healthy and RA NoFlare women, even though their expression was not significantly modulated postpartum. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, we discovered many various other genes portrayed in a single or both lesion types differentially, which has not really been reported previously. (health-e-nc.org)

On the basis of their size and pattern of disulfide bonding, mammalian defensins are classified into alpha, beta and theta categories. (wikipedia.org)
According to their structural differences, defensins are classified in three major groups: alpha (α), beta (β), and theta (θ). (biomedcentral.com)
Members of the alpha- and theta-defensins, magainins, and Cefradine cathelicidins have been shown to have considerably higher leishmanicidal activity [11]. (palomid529.com)
alpha, beta, theta (circle w/horizontal line)] Mammalian defensins are endogenous cysteine-rich peptide antibiotics classically produced either by epithelial cells of the respiratory, urogenital and digestive tracts, or by circulating cells including granulocytes and macrophages. (vin.com)

Like other alpha-defensins, cryptdins are small, 32-36 amino acid long cationic peptides. (wikipedia.org)
β-defensins are small (3.5-4.5 kDa) highly basic cationic peptides. (vin.com)

Human neutrophil-derived alpha-defensins (HNPs) are capable of enhancing phagocytosis by mouse macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
Rabbit Polyclonal to M-CK has developed to evade the sponsor epigenome thus, enabling parasite replication and survival [3, 4] Once inside the mammalian cells, the parasites, encounter a range of antimicrobial factors such as defensins, before binding and engulfment by sponsor macrophages. (palomid529.com)
Therefore, towards this final end, we looked into the appearance of web host HDAC1 and its own function in chromatin modulation of web host protection genes and parasite success post-infection of macrophages with Bob (LdBob/stress/MHOM/SD/62/1SCL2D) [20, 21] obtained from Dr initially. (palomid529.com)

Alpha-defensin 1-3 (DEFA1A3) is an antimicrobial peptide found in phagocytic cells such as neutrophils, functioning as an effector factor in innate immunity. (ecco-ibd.eu)
Human beta defensins (HBD)1, HBD2, and HBD3 are key elements of innate immunity that are secreted to neutralize/control the progression of infection. (biomedcentral.com)

The most overexpressed genes included Fc Fragment of IgG Binding Protein ( FCGBP , logFC = 3.01, pFDR = 0.015), Mucin 2 ( MUC2 , logFC = 2.78, pFDR = 0.015), and Alpha 1B Defensin ( DEFA1B , logFC = 2.73, pFDR = 0.024). (biomedcentral.com)

human, mouse or other beta β- and alpha α- defensins are expressed by neutrophils ( α- ), lymphocytes and epithelial cells. (gentaur.com)
β-defensins are expressed on some leukocytes and at epithelial surfaces. (peprotech.com)
Epithelial β-defensins constitute a rapidly mobilized local defense against microbial intruders at the epithelial and mucosal surfaces, and different studies have reported induction of epithelial β-defensins at sites of inflammation, injury, infection as well as other disease processes. (vin.com)

The three innate gene markers: Beta-defensin 1 (DEFB1), CD14 (CD14), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and five acquired gene markers: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) Interleukin 1 (IL1), Interleukin 6 (IL6) Interleukin 17A (IL17A) Matrix Metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3) have different variations in degree of severity in association with inflammatory disease processes. (oraldna.com)
2) Nous avons montré, que dans une peau humaine saine, les gènes responsables de l'immunité innée, codant notamment pour les bêta-defensines humaines de type 2 et 3 (human beta-defensin, hBD), sont exprimés de façon différentielle au sein des couches épidermiques. (hal.science)
3) Nous avons observé que les trois bactéries Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus et Pseudomonas fluorescens sont capables de moduler positivement l'expression des gènes codant pour des beta-defensines (hBD2 et hBD3) et des cytokines pro-inflammatoires (IL-1 alpha et bêta et IL-6). (hal.science)
Small intestinal tissue sections from euthymic and athymic (nude) mice, and mice with combined deficiency in T-cell receptor beta and delta genes [TCR(beta/delta)-/-] infected orally with T. spiralis larvae, were examined by electron microscopy and after histochemical and lineage-specific immunohistochemical staining. (ox.ac.uk)
The activation of the TLRs and the NF- κ B pathway is responsible for the induction of the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes, including beta-defensins. (vin.com)
Both beta-defensins and their signaling molecules, Toll-Like Receptors, have been identified in the heart of various species. (vin.com)
β-defensin-1 mRNA expression has been identified in the heart of mice (murine beta-defensin-1, mBD1), pig (porcine beta-defensin-1, pBD1), and horse (equine beta-defensin-1, eBD1). (vin.com)
They express predominantly IL-1- beta while human keratinocytes express large amounts of IL-1-alpha. (topsan.org)
Z200289Defensins are a large family of peptides of which two groups exist in mammals: alpha defensins and beta defensins - which are distinguishable by the spacing and connectivity of the conserved. (topsan.org)
Induces expression of a number of antimicrobial peptides including beta-defensins 4 and 103 as well as a number of matrix metalloproteases. (enquirebio.com)

Alpha defensins of the mouse bowel were historically called cryptdins when first discovered. (wikipedia.org)
Sequences of major human α-defensins: Genes encoding cryptdins are located on the proximal arm of mouse chromosome 8. (wikipedia.org)

Na(+) influx via Orai1 inhibits intracellular ATP-induced mTORC2 signaling to disrupt CD4 T cell gene expression and differentiation. (nih.gov)

Genes related to the innate immune system, including alpha-defensin, calcium-binding proteins S100A9 and S100A8, were upregulated in young rats, whereas genes related to the adaptive immune system, including CD3 molecules, zeta-chain T-cell receptor-associated protein kinase and linker of activated T-cells, were upregulated in the adult. (ku.dk)
The protein encoded by this gene is a cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) -associated protein which is thought to negatively regulate CDK2 activity by sequestering monomeric CDK2, and targeting CDK2 for proteolysis. (cancerindex.org)
This protein was found to also interact with DNA polymerase alpha/primase and mediate the phosphorylation of the large p180 subunit, which suggests a regulatory role in DNA replication during the S-phase of the cell cycle. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
Orthologous to human NAPA (NSF attachment protein alpha). (nih.gov)
also called CARD15 [caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15]) as the first susceptibility gene for Crohn disease (CD) . (medscape.com)
NICD1, which not is a skeletal focus, can be controlled by docking to the hormone-bound addition 1-alpha( HIF1A) which serves in the protein when amine homodimers are progressive. (evakoch.com)
Cloning and characterization of a serine/threonine protein phosphatase2A-encoding gene IbPP2A1 from Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (tubitak.gov.tr)
In the tests described in this specific article, we used gene microarray evaluation to correlate modifications in ribonucleic acidity (RNA) transcription in AVMs and CCMs towards the previously released abnormal protein appearance in these lesions. (health-e-nc.org)
These traits can be the consequences of alterations that are directly changing the protein function, or they can emerge after several gene expression regulation steps, caused for example by alternative splicing or methylation. (biomedcentral.com)

Alpha defensins are a family of mammalian defensin peptides of the alpha subfamily. (wikipedia.org)
Defensins and cathelicidins constitute the two major groups of antimicrobial peptides in most mammalian species. (vin.com)

Decreased alpha-defensin is associated with intestinal inflammation in a model of inflammatory bowel disease. (cusabio.com)

GENTAUR supplies anti-defensins, monclonals, polyclonals antisera and recombinant DEFs or peptides of defensin. (gentaur.com)

The β-defensin proteins are expressed as the C-terminal portion of precursors, and are released by proteolytic cleavage of a signal sequence and, in some cases, a propeptide sequence. (peprotech.com)

Copy number variation due to polymorphism or to genomic instability in cancer is also a possible cause for observing a correlation between neighboring genes [ 1 ], as their expressions are likely to be affected by the same copy number variation (CNV). (biomedcentral.com)
Genomic genes with the Rev: RNA cation and Ran: GTP and has been to begin with Statistics coalescing missing of the RRE-Rev-CRM1-RanGTP pair to the AIM2 tunnel and the lipid of the export across the inflammatory interaction evolution. (evakoch.com)
Several genome-wide studies have reported genomic variants that correlate with gene expression levels in various tissue and cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed altogether 217 genes and 584 SNPs whose genomic alterations affect the transcriptome in the same cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed that in the human pluripotent stem cells, the expression values of several genes, transcripts and exons were affected due to the genomic variation. (biomedcentral.com)

the defensins and cathelicidin. (biomedcentral.com)

Defensins are produced constitutively and/or in response to microbial products or proinflammatory cytokines. (wikipedia.org)

Asthma, which is not dependent on type 2 immunity (and often steroid-resistant), may be related to airway neutrophilia, increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, and therefore to Th17 responses. (biomedcentral.com)

GXD's primary emphasis is on endogenous gene expression during development. (jax.org)
containing New Zealand children endogenous massive signal in alpha. (familie-vos.de)

HNP-1, HNP-2 and HNP-3 are encoded by two genes DEFA1 and DEFA3 localized at chromosome 8, location 8p23.1. (wikipedia.org)

Patients also showed an upregulation of the antimicrobial alpha-defensins, as well as differences in expression patterns of genes involved in NF-κB signaling and Cytokine Production. (kcl.ac.uk)
In the present work, we have studied the expression of a number of genes (antimicrobial peptide genes and pro-inflammatory cytokine genes) in different layers of healthy human epidermis using quantitative real-time PCR coupled to Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM). (hal.science)
mature proteoglycan for the gene cytokine in New Zealand. (evakoch.com)

Mutations in the STAT3 gene cause most cases of AD-HIES. (medscape.com)
In 2007, autosomal dominant mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 ( STAT3) gene were identified as the molecular cause of this disease. (medscape.com)
STAT3 gene is diagrammed with depiction of hotspots (areas where higher numbers of patients were noted to have mutations). (medscape.com)
Mutations in the STAT3 gene have been identified in almost all cases of clinically verified autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES). (medscape.com)

In the last decade, the study of local co-expression of neighboring genes along the chromosome has become a question of major importance in cancer biology [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Detecting local correlations in expression between neighboring genes along the genome has proved to be an effective strategy to identify possible causes of transcriptional deregulation in cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
It has been successfully used to illustrate the role of mechanisms such as copy number variation (CNV) or epigenetic alterations as factors that may significantly alter expression in large chromosomal regions (gene silencing or gene activation). (biomedcentral.com)
The identification of correlated regions requires segmenting the gene expression correlation matrix into regions of homogeneously correlated genes and assessing whether the observed local correlation is significantly higher than the background chromosomal correlation. (biomedcentral.com)
SegCorr is a novel method that performs correlation matrix segmentation and applies a test procedure in order to detect highly correlated regions in gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
However, only a few methods have been proposed to focus on the direct analysis of gene expression correlation along the chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
We first consider problem ( i ) and provide a precise definition of our purpose: one aims at identifying correlated regions, i.e. blocks of neighboring genes, the expression of which displays correlations across patient samples that are significantly higher than expected. (biomedcentral.com)
Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
We aimed to explore the distinctive gene expression profiles, activated signaling pathways, and their underlying mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)
METHODS: A comprehensive gene expression analysis was conducted using biopsy specimens from AIG, Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis (HPG), and non-inflammatory normal stomachs. (bvsalud.org)
Gastric cancer cell lines were cultured under acidic (pH 6.5) conditions to evaluate changes in gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
RESULTS: Gastric mucosa with AIG had a unique gene expression profile compared with that with HPG and normal mucosa, such as extensively low expression of ATP4A and high expression of GAST and PAPPA2, which are involved in neuroendocrine tumorigenesis. (bvsalud.org)
An assay measuring the expression of lacZ shows the tissue where the gene is expressed. (mousephenotype.org)
Is gene expression among women with rheumatoid arthritis dysregulated during a postpartum flare? (biomedcentral.com)
To evaluate our hypotheses that, when rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flares postpartum, gene expression patterns are altered compared to (a) healthy women, (b) RA women whose disease activity is low or in remission postpartum, and (c) pre-pregnancy expression profiles. (biomedcentral.com)
Some of these genes were among those whose "normal" expression was significantly modulated postpartum, and the postpartum expression patterns were significantly altered during the RA flare. (biomedcentral.com)
The large majority of gene expression changes between T3 and 3 months postpartum among RA women who flared postpartum reflected normal postpartum changes also seen among healthy women. (biomedcentral.com)
Nonetheless, during a postpartum flare, a set of immune-related genes showed dysregulated expression compared to healthy women and women with RA whose disease activity was low or in remission during the same time frame, while other genes demonstrated significant differences in expression compared to RA pre-pregnancy levels. (biomedcentral.com)
We evaluated our hypothesis that postpartum gene expression changes are altered when RA flares, compared to changes that occur among healthy women or women with RA who do not flare, within the same time frame. (biomedcentral.com)
Using the same approach, we have also investigated the effect of bacteria belonging the human epidermal microbiota on the expression of the same genes within the epidermal layers. (hal.science)
Constitutive p50/p65 activity is observed in a large variety of hematological as well as solid tumors [ 6 - 8 ], as a result of an aberrant expression of p50/p65, deletions of the IκBα inhibitor gene or an increased IKK activity [ 9 - 13 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis Reveals Different Immunity but Shared Renal Pathology Between IgA Nephropathy and Lupus Nephritis. (cdc.gov)
urinary recruitment USP7 genes( LCFAs) can look conserved for expression cases and field stimulation localization and be clathrin-coated such ions neuronal as affinity, calcium cell, the developing vitro, internalization activity records and the ATP-dependent receptor. (familie-vos.de)
We computed the linear relationships between SNPs and expression levels of exons, transcripts and genes, and the associations between gene CNVs and gene expression levels. (biomedcentral.com)
Further, for a few of the resulted genes, the expression value was associated with both CNVs and SNPs. (biomedcentral.com)

DEFA DEFB genes defend the host against pathogens. (gentaur.com)

Gene ontology implicated the immune system, including interleukins 4 and 13, as well as antimicrobial peptides in this overexpression. (biomedcentral.com)

Defensins are 2-6 kDa, cationic, microbicidal peptides active against many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses, containing three pairs of intramolecular disulfide bonds. (wikipedia.org)
The α-defensins are distinguished from the β-defensins by the pairing of their three disulfide bonds. (peprotech.com)
β-defensins contain a six-cysteine motif that forms three intra-molecular disulfide bonds. (peprotech.com)

[ 16 ] This finding is of particular interest because other known CD genes play significant roles within the autophagy pathways, which highlights an evolving phenomenon: although the number of CD-associated genes increases, many of the new genes fall into pathways already identified as important in the development of chronic GI inflammation. (medscape.com)
We analyzed the enriched pathways and gene ontologies within these groups of genes, and found out that the terms related to alternative splicing and development were enriched. (biomedcentral.com)

A total of 260 age-related genes were identified, of which 51 genes were involved in the middle ear mucosal immune system. (ku.dk)

HES1 enables TLE cofactors, signaling an well exhibited such download Dopamine in developed in depolymerisation of specificity, piRNA and phase gene( Grbavec et al. (evakoch.com)

Initially human alpha defensin peptides were isolated from the neutrophils and are thus called human neutrophil peptides. (wikipedia.org)

These are small, cationic, amphiphilic petides of 30 to 40 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of about 3.5-4.5 kDa, encoded by single genes that comprise highly homologous gene families. (biomedcentral.com)
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) remove acetyl groupings from lysine residues on histones, resulting in chromatin redecorating and gene silencing [14 thus, 16, 17]. (palomid529.com)

The gene product is synthesized as a propeptide and is referred to as human cationic antimicrobial peptide-18 (hCAP-18/LL-37). (biomedcentral.com)

gene symbol (e.g. (genscript.com)

More recently, however, β-defensins have also been identified in the heart of different species. (vin.com)

Genes related to the innate immune system are upregulated in young rats, whereas genes related to the adaptive immune system are upregulated in adults. (ku.dk)

Several studies possess reported differential manifestation of defensins and additional antimicrobial peptides upon pathogenic and parasitic illness [6C10]. (palomid529.com)

We hypothesize that different sets of genes get excited about the pathogenesis of AVMs and CCMs which various other genes are non-specifically connected with both lesion types. (health-e-nc.org)

Human neutrophil peptides are also known as α-defensins. (wikipedia.org)

The Nrf2 genetic pathway turns on over 400 transcription genes such as GSTP1, which is related to detoxification. (oraldna.com)
Like its homolog Bcl3, IκBζ can regulate the transcription of a set of inflamatory genes through its association with the p50 or p52 subunits of NF-κB. (oncotarget.com)

Pleiotropic effects of alpha-SNAP M105I mutation on oocyte biology: ultrastructural and cellular changes that adversely affect female fertility in mice. (nih.gov)
The IMPC applies a panel of phenotyping screens to characterise single-gene knockout mice by comparison to wild types. (mousephenotype.org)

An alpha-defensin gene single nucleotide polymorphism modulates the gut microbiota and may alter the risk of acute graft-versus-host disease. (puppyreading.com)

Since the lab results show the patient's own unique genetic makeup, health providers can educate patients on how the genotypes of certain gene markers affect their long-term systemic health. (oraldna.com)

The polar topology of defensins, with spatially separated charged and hydrophobic regions, allows them to insert themselves into the phospholipid membranes so that their hydrophobic regions are buried within the lipid membrane interior and their charged (mostly cationic) regions interact with anionic phospholipid head groups and water. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic Variants of the COL4A3 , COL4A4 , and COL4A5 Genes Contribute to Thinned Glomerular Basement Membrane Lesions in Sporadic IgA Nephropathy Patients. (cdc.gov)

It is hypothesized that genes involved in the middle ear immune system will change with age. (ku.dk)

Addressing problems ( i ) and ( ii ) is crucial to fully understand transcriptional deregulation and/or to model gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
This gene thus plays a role in both cell-cycle and epigenetic regulation. (cancerindex.org)
The present data not only demonstrate that up-regulation of and epigenetic silencing of sponsor cell defense genes is essential for illness but also provides novel restorative strategies against leishmaniasis. (palomid529.com)

β-defensins are structurally defined by the conserved cysteine-rich motif forming three disulphide bonds, which stabilize a β-sheet formation. (vin.com)

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes4

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science6

Health Care2

Paneth5

Enteric alpha-defensins2

Antimicrobial Activity2

Differentially5

Theta4

Cationic peptides2

Macrophages3

Innate immunity2

DEFA1B1

Epithelial3

Beta10

Cryptdins2

Differentiation1

Protein10

Mammalian2

Intestinal1

Recombinant1

Proteins1

Genomic5

Cathelicidin1

Proinflammatory cytokines1

Tumor1

Endogenous2

DEFA31

Cytokine3

Mutations4

Chromosome1

Expression24

Pathogens1

Ontology1

Disulfide3

Pathways2

Mucosal1

Specificity1

Neutrophils1

Residues2

Propeptide1

Symbol1

Species1

Adaptive1

Differential1

Pathogenesis1

Human1

Transcription2

Mice2

Microbiota1

Systemic1

Membrane2

Immune system1

Regulation3

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