• This gene encodes the integrin beta 4 subunit, a receptor for the laminins. (wikipedia.org)
  • This subunit tends to associate with alpha 6 subunit and is likely to play a pivotal role in the biology of invasive carcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • The hemidesmosomal protein bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 and the integrin beta 4 subunit bind to ERBIN. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular cloning of the human alpha 6 integrin subunit. (wikipedia.org)
  • Integrin alpha 2 is one of twelve integrin family alpha subunits that share the beta 1 subunit (1‑3). (novusbio.com)
  • Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha subunit and a beta subunit that function in cell surface adhesion and signaling. (assaygenie.com)
  • The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate light and heavy chains that comprise the alpha V subunit. (assaygenie.com)
  • This subunit associates with beta 1, beta 3, beta 5, beta 6 and beta 8 subunits. (assaygenie.com)
  • The Integrin alpha 6 subunit, also known as CD49f and VLA-6 alpha subunit, forms a heterodimer with Integrin beta 1 (CD29) or beta 4 (CD104) subunits. (rndsystems.com)
  • β1 integrin is the major β integrin subunit in pancreatic beta-cells and forms heterodimers with 12 α integrin subunits, which interact with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to control intracellular signaling via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal related kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathways [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • An integrin beta subunit of approximately 85-kDa in size which has been found in INTEGRIN ALPHAIIB-containing and INTEGRIN ALPHAV-containing heterodimers. (lookformedical.com)
  • The predominant form of the protein is comprised of two alpha1(IV) subunits and one alpha2(IV) subunit, however, at least six different alpha subunits can be incorporated into the heterotrimer. (lookformedical.com)
  • Cells, in turn, may regulate the strength of adhesion by increasing or decreasing the number of integrins, by synthesizing different integrin subunit subtypes, or by changing the adhesion affinity after modulation of the intracellular domain, which in turn will modify the adhesion ability of the extracellular domain. (uvigo.es)
  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) is a failure to express CD18, which composes the common ß 2 subunit of LFA1 family (ß2 integrins). (medscape.com)
  • ITGB4 has been shown to interact with Collagen, type XVII, alpha 1, EIF6 and Erbin. (wikipedia.org)
  • MMP-1 (neutrophil collagenase) and MMP-8 (fibroblast or keratocyte collagenase) are involved in cleaving collagen types I, II, and III. (medscape.com)
  • Among the extracellular matrix compounds used in this study, two (collagen I and fibronectin) allowed only a weak attachment of cortical neurons to the substratum, while the others (collagen IV, laminin, and basal lamina from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm sarcoma) allowed both firm attachment and moderate to extensive neurite outgrowth from neuronal cell bodies. (curehunter.com)
  • Other profibrotic, collagen synthesis stimulating cytokines include endothelin, interleukin (IL)-1 and mast cell tryptase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the mechanisms mediating the effects of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on breast carcinoma development in vivo are largely unknown, contributing factors may be adhesion mediated signaling and mechanical signals imparted on mammary epithelial cells from surrounding type-I collagen-rich stroma, either directly or across basement membrane proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Collagen receptors are cell surface receptors that modulate signal transduction between cells and the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. (lookformedical.com)
  • Collagen receptors include discoidin domain receptors, INTEGRINS, and glycoprotein VI. (lookformedical.com)
  • The alpha subunits of collagen type VI assemble into antiparallel, overlapping dimers which then align to form tetramers. (lookformedical.com)
  • collagen type IV alpha 3 chain [Source. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • An intracellular domain that interacts with actin filaments of the cytoskeleton (sometimes with intermediate filaments), an extracellular domain that binds collagen, fibronectins and laminins, and an intramembrane domain containing hydrophobic amino acid sequences inserted among the lipid fatty acid chains. (uvigo.es)
  • Detects human Integrin alpha 2/CD49b. (novusbio.com)
  • Detects human Integrin alpha 6/CD49f. (rndsystems.com)
  • Be the first to review Human Integrin alpha 6/CD49f Alexa Fluor® 405-conjugated Antibody and earn rewards! (rndsystems.com)
  • Integrins are heterodimers composed of alpha and beta subunits, that are noncovalently associated transmembrane glycoprotein receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Integrin alpha 2 beta 1 is the non-covalent heterodimer of 160 kDa alpha 2 (CD49b) and 130 kDa beta 1 (CD29) type I transmembrane glycoprotein subunits and is one of six very late antigens on activated T cells, designated VLA2 (3). (novusbio.com)
  • The heterodimer consisting of alpha V and beta 3 subunits is also known as the vitronectin receptor. (assaygenie.com)
  • Note that the integrin alpha 5 and integrin alpha V subunits are encoded by distinct genes. (assaygenie.com)
  • They are composed of two subunits (alpha and beta) (Figure 1). (uvigo.es)
  • The alpha 2 extracellular domain (ECD) contains an I (inserted) domain which includes the ligand binding site (2, 3). (novusbio.com)
  • The 1102 amino acid (aa) human alpha 2 extracellular domain (ECD) shares 83‑89% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, canine, bovine and equine alpha 2. (novusbio.com)
  • In case of HIV-1 infection, the interaction with extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. (assaygenie.com)
  • Free glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycan- (PG-) containing GAGs, key effectors of cell surface, pericellular and extracellular microenvironments, perform multiple functions in cancer by virtue of their coded structure and their ability to interact with both ligands and receptors that regulate cancer growth [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Specifically, these extracellular matrix (ECM) components critically modulate the tumor cell "motile phenotype" affecting their adhesive/migratory abilities which are directly correlated to the metastatic cascade [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Significant reductions in the phosphorylation of signaling molecules focal adhesion kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, and v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene were observed in male MIPβ1KO islets when compared to controls. (oncotarget.com)
  • It is possible that ten-1 influences the composition/distribution of extracellular matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These ten-1 mutants are reported to have defects in the growth of several axons and in the development of the gonads and epidermis, and these defects correlated with disruptions in the extracellular matrix (ECM). (biomedcentral.com)
  • T here are adhesion molecules involved in the attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix and others in linking one cell to another. (uvigo.es)
  • I ntegrins are probably the most important proteins involved in the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix, and comprise a large family of transmembrane proteins present in all animals. (uvigo.es)
  • The ability of integrins to mechanically connect extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton allows the structural continuity between the internal and external environments of the cell. (uvigo.es)
  • Furthermore, integrins may change the behavior of the cell according to the molecular composition of the extracellular matrix (they behave like receptors). (uvigo.es)
  • The strength of the adhesion of a cell to the extracellular matrix depends on the number, the active state and type of integrins that are expressed in the plasma membrane. (uvigo.es)
  • Integrin alpha 3, also known as CD49c and VLA-3 alpha, is a type I membrane protein that heterodimerizes with Integrin beta 1. (rndsystems.com)
  • Her Endocrinology research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Beta, Beta protein, Wild type, Homeotic gene and In vivo. (research.com)
  • Moreover, in autophagy deficient RPE cell line via knockdown autophagy related protein 7 (Atg7), the expression of epithelial marker claudin-1 was suppressed and the mesenchymal markers were increased, accompanied by an increase in cell migration and contractility. (ijbs.com)
  • An interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein. (lookformedical.com)
  • ten-1 is the C. elegans teneurin homolog with two transcripts, ten-1a and ten-1b , that respectively encode a long (TEN-1L) and short (TEN-1S) form of the protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In C. elegans , the ten-1 gene can be transcribed from two distinct promoters to produce the transcripts ten-1a and ten-1b , which respectively encode two isoforms of the protein: TEN-1L, which contains all the teneurin domains described above (see Fig. 1F ), and TEN-1S, which lacks the ICD but contains the rest of the protein including the transmembrane domain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In early culture, PSCs are polygonal in shape with abundant lipid droplets in the cytoplasm ( Figure 1B ) and express stellate cell selective markers such as desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, neural cell adhesion molecule, nerve growth factor, and synemin (34, 167). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Tissue extracts of Mouse Testis (Lane 6) and Mouse Kidney (Lane 7) were electrophoresed using NuPAGE™ 3-8% Tris-Acetate Protein Gel (Product # EA0378BOX). (thermofisher.com)
  • ZO-1 is a protein located on a cytoplasmic membrane surface of intercellular tight junctions. (thermofisher.com)
  • Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a major structural adaptor protein governing signaling complex formation and cytoskeletal dynamics. (jneurosci.org)
  • ILK forms an obligate heterotrimeric complex with particularly interesting Cys-His-rich protein (PINCH) and parvin, which together lend stability to the actin cytoskeleton at focal adhesions ( Brakebusch and Fässler, 2003 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Binding of neural cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) to the cellular prion protein. (academicinfluence.com)
  • arginine and serine rich protein 1 [So. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • Currently, 18 subtypes have been reported: 12 are type I (dysfunctional lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor synthesis), and 6 are type II (dysfunctional trimming/processing of the protein-bound oligosaccharide), including leukocyte adhesion deficiency II (CDG-IIc). (medscape.com)
  • CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) expressed on lymphocytes is known to play an important role in lymphocyte trafficking (adhesion to vascular endothelium), as well as interactions to antigen presenting cells (APC). (medscape.com)
  • There are several subtypes of melanocortin receptors, each having a distinct ligand specificity profile and tissue localization. (lookformedical.com)
  • To date, more than 25 have been identified and are categorized into 6 groups according to their substrate specificity. (medscape.com)
  • Another mechanism to control the strength and specificity of adhesion is by activating or inactivating the adhesion molecules in the plasma membrane. (uvigo.es)
  • He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
  • This multi-step process is enabled by inflammatory receptors and molecules expressed by the endothelial cells which capture the neutrophils and support their extravasation, alongside gradients of chemokines that guide the neutrophils through the ECM. (nature.com)
  • Cell adhesion molecules. (academicinfluence.com)
  • Cell adhesion molecules: implications for a molecular histology. (academicinfluence.com)
  • Cell adhesion molecules in the regulation of animal form and tissue pattern. (academicinfluence.com)
  • Cell adhesion molecules in early chicken embryogenesis. (academicinfluence.com)
  • One adhesion molecule does not make a strong bond, but cell adhesion is performed by many adhesion molecules that altogether make a strong linking, as if they were a molecular Velcro. (uvigo.es)
  • Some adhesion molecules may interact laterally between each other and form molecular complexes that increase the adhesion strength in some local points of the cell surface. (uvigo.es)
  • For example, cells can change the type and amount of adhesion molecules in the plasma membrane by synthesis, degradation, or hidden them temporarily in internal compartments by endocytosis and exocytosis. (uvigo.es)
  • In general, the adhesion strength of integrins is weaker than that of other adhesion molecules. (uvigo.es)
  • Integrin, beta 4 (ITGB4) also known as CD104 (Cluster of Differentiation 104), is a human gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Integrin Beta 4 (ITGb4) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (hudsen.org)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Integrin Beta 4 (ITGb4) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (hudsen.org)
  • Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Rat Integrin beta-4 (ITGB4) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates. (hudsen.org)
  • Cell adhesion and the molecular processes of morphogenesis. (academicinfluence.com)
  • This is possible because the adhesion state of integrins is transmitted to their intracellular domain by conformational change, triggering molecular interaction cascades in the cytosol, that eventually change gene expression. (uvigo.es)
  • Integrin, molecular conformation (Modified from Luo et al. (uvigo.es)
  • A specific inhibitor of PKCd, rottlerin, completely abrogated Go¨6976-dependent increase in PC12 cell adhesion to laminin as well as the activation of small GTPases, Rac1 and Cdc42, that are downstream of PKCd in adhesion receptor signaling. (mirnamimic.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: ZO-1 Monoclonal Antibody (ZO1-1A12) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 33-9100, RRID AB_2533147. (thermofisher.com)
  • Western blot was performed using Anti-ZO-1 Monoclonal Antibody (ZO1-1A12) (Product # 33-9100) and a 225 kDa band corresponding to ZO-1 was observed across along with uncharacterized band. (thermofisher.com)
  • Patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency II manifest the Bombay phenotype (ie, negative for O and H blood group antigens with potential production of anti-H antibody). (medscape.com)
  • Some cytokines act as competence rather than progression factors, some lack secretory signals, and some must be processed and released from the pericellular matrix or basement membranes (eg transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β ] binding to chondroitin or the keratan sulfate of biglycan, decorin and fibromodulin, or basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet derived growth factor binding to the heparin sulfate of glypican, perlecan and syndecan). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Her Muscle weakness study incorporates themes from Myocyte, Integrin, Laminin and Skeletal muscle. (research.com)
  • The study incorporates disciplines such as Laminin, Integrin, Skeletal muscle and Focal adhesion in addition to Muscle weakness. (research.com)
  • The autoimmune attack occurs when autoantibodies form against the nicotinic acetylcholine postsynaptic receptors at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Although the chief target of the autoimmune attack in most cases is the skeletal muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), other antigenic targets that are components of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) have also been implicated. (medscape.com)
  • The expression of Insulin and Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 mRNA was significantly reduced in MIPβ1KO islets, along with reductions in insulin exocytotic proteins. (oncotarget.com)
  • His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
  • Cell adhesion relies on transmembrane proteins, known as adhesion proteins , found in the plasma membrane. (uvigo.es)
  • In fact, adhesion proteins are very similar when comparing the different animal groups, including marine sponges. (uvigo.es)
  • Integrin beta3 occurs as three alternatively spliced isoforms, designated beta3A-C. (lookformedical.com)
  • Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for the ZO-1 gene. (thermofisher.com)
  • Integrins mediate cell-matrix or cell-cell adhesion, and transduced signals that regulate gene expression and cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
  • This integrin may regulate angiogenesis and cancer progression. (assaygenie.com)
  • Here, we show that although this receptor is present on most vascular and blood cells, the key regulatory function in tumor and wound angiogenesis is performed by β 3 integrin on bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) recruited to sites of neovascularization. (rupress.org)
  • The product of this gene belongs to the integrin alpha chain family. (assaygenie.com)
  • Her Retinoid X receptor study combines topics from a wide range of disciplines, such as Gene knockout and Retinoid. (research.com)
  • MIR9-1 host gene [Source. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • This process is mediated by 2 mutually exclusive programs of gene expression: 1) an undifferentiated program supporting proliferation by stem cells within the basal layer and 2) a differentiation program instructing growth arrest and differentiation-associated programmed cell death in suprabasal layers. (stanford.edu)
  • ten-1 mutants have defects in all pharyngeal neurons that we examined, and in vivo reporters show that only the long form of the ten-1 gene is expressed in the pharynx, specifically in six marginal cells and the M2 neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Synthetic peptides or recombinant fragments containing bio- logically active motifs have been shown to partially mimic the effects of native laminin in various cellular functions, such as cell adhesion, spreading, migration, neurite outgrowth, and tumor metastasis [6-10], suggesting that laminin-derived-short peptide- modified biomaterials may have therapeutic potential in tissue regeneration applications. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Proteolytic processing of the precursor form by CASPASE 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane. (lookformedical.com)
  • Membrane enriched extracts (40 µg lysate) of Caco-2 (Lane 1), Caco-2 treated with IFN Gamma (50 ng/mL for 24hrs) (Lane 2), A-431 (Lane 3), HEL 92.1.7 (Lane 4) and Jurkat (Lane 5). (thermofisher.com)
  • Normal neuromuscular junction showing a presynaptic terminal with a motor nerve ending in an enlargement (bouton terminale): Synaptic cleft and postsynaptic membrane with multiple folds and embedded with several acetylcholine receptors. (medscape.com)
  • In experiments probing for a role of PKCa in human laminin-2-integrin-mediated cell adhesion and spreading of PC12 cells, we observed unexpected enhancements of adhesion, spreading and stress fiber formation to 1 mM Go¨6976 with concomitant increase in membrane translocation of PKCd and autophosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). (mirnamimic.com)
  • Laminins are multifunctional basement membrane glycoproteins composed of a, b, and g polypeptide chains. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Biological activities of laminin are mediated through binding to a subset of integrin family of cell adhesion receptors, a3b1, a6b1, a6b4, and a7b1 [2]. (mirnamimic.com)
  • In PC12 cells, we recently showed that the engagement of integrin a3b1 to a binding sequence within the human laminin a2 chain was sufficient to recruit PKCa and PKCd to the integrin receptor [6]. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Thus, GAGs/PGs may modulate downstream signaling of key cellular mediators including insulin growth factor receptor (IGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), estrogen receptors (ERs), or Wnt members. (hindawi.com)
  • TIMP-1 is induced by inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α, but also by TGF-β, progesterone and estrogen. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Integrin Beta 4 from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (hudsen.org)
  • It was also found that LGP exhibited marked inhibitory effects on the activation of αIIbβ3 integrin, the secretion of serotonin from granules, and the synthesis of thromboxane A2. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Different combinations of alpha and beta polypeptides form complexes that vary in their ligand-binding specificities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Data from a radiolabeled ligand‑binding assay indicated that LGP exhibited apparent competing effects on thromboxane receptor (TP) and P2Y12 receptors. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • providing a ligand for the α6β1 integrin receptor expressed by OLs. (jneurosci.org)
  • We demonstrate that α v β 3 integrin enhances BMDC recruitment and retention at angiogenic sites by mediating cellular adhesion and transmigration of BMDCs through the endothelial monolayer but not their release from the bone niche. (rupress.org)
  • These 2 members mediate leukocyte adhesions to endothelial cells but they also serve as receptors for iC3b (inactivated C3b). (medscape.com)
  • IL-6, interestingly, does not seem to stimulate the production of collagenase, but is a potent inducer of TIMP-1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Upon vascular injury, platelets are exposed to the subendothelium, and several agonists, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin, are generated at the injury site, which can stimulate platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The retinal distortion and continuous distraction caused by its contraction transforms RRD into traction retinal detachment [ 6 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • The beta adrenergic receptors play an important role in regulating CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxation, and GLYCOGENOLYSIS. (lookformedical.com)
  • In the case of melanoma, circulating cells may find a suitable microenvironment in the first draining lymph node, known as the sentinel lymph node, in other lymphnodes or in distant organs, leading to secondary tumor growth (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, β 3 integrin has the potential to control processes such as tumor growth and wound healing by regulating BMDC recruitment to sites undergoing pathological and adaptive angiogenesis. (rupress.org)
  • This growth factor also stimulates production of collagens, proteoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, tenascin and thrombospondin, diminishes production of extracellularly active neutral endoproteinases belonging to the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and serine proteinase families, and stimulates production of endogenous MMP inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metallo-proteinase [TIMP]) and serpins (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). (biomedcentral.com)
  • ZO-2 and ZO-3 are ubiquitously expressed within epithelial tight junctions, and unlike ZO-1, which is also expressed at cell junctions of cardiac myocytes, ZO-2 is not expressed in nonepithelial tissue. (thermofisher.com)
  • By combination, they are able to form up to 24 different integrins, which are differentially expressed depending on the tissue and the physiological state of the cell. (uvigo.es)
  • In hemidesmosomes, the cytosolic domains of integrins are connected to intermediate filaments, instead of actin filaments. (uvigo.es)
  • Integrins are important regulators of cellular differentiation, migration, maturation, and survival [ 1 - 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • PKC activation by phorbol myristate acetate has been shown to induce the adhesion, spreading, and migration of cells [12]. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Alpha-MSH stimulates the synthesis and distribution of MELANIN in MELANOCYTES in mammals and MELANOPHORES in lower vertebrates. (lookformedical.com)
  • These inhibitory effects may be associated with its dual‑receptor inhibition on P2Y12 and TP receptors. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In preliminary experiments examining the role of PKCa in cell adhesion and spreading, we found that Go¨6976, a widely used, nonglycosidic indolocarbazole inhibitor of PKCa/b, had effects that could not be explained by inhibition of PKCa/b alone. (mirnamimic.com)
  • Octreotide , peptide with 8 amino acids, in a 1 mg ampoule/day administered as above (alternatively, the delayed formulation of Octreotide can be administered intramuscularly at the same doses). (beatingcancercenter.com)