• Methods Wild-type or cytokine-deficient (IL-13 -/- or IL-4 -/- ) eosinophils treated with cytokines (GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-33) were adoptively transferred into eosinophil-deficient recipient mice subjected to allergen provocation using established models of respiratory inflammation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cell, nitric oxide and cytokines were measured. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this review, we discuss the dualistic effects of histamine: how histamine affects inflammation of the immune system through the activation of intracellular pathways that induce the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in different immune cells and how histamine exerts regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses. (hindawi.com)
  • Upregulation of the Th2 cytokines suggests that repeated exposure to NO 2 has the potential to exert a "pro-allergic" effect on the bronchial epithelium. (bmj.com)
  • SCGB3A2 mRNA expression was shown to be induced by Th1 cytokine, but suppressed by proinflammatory and Th2 cytokines. (biovendor.com)
  • When dopamine binds to DRD4 receptors on these T helper 2 cells, the cells are more prone to be transformed into Th2-TRMs and are instructed to produce immune response-stimulating molecules, or cytokines. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • IL-33 activates group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) to produce the type 2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 that initiate innate immunity-driven allergic responses. (justia.com)
  • In addition, the GLP-1R agonist, exendin-4, reduced serum inflammatory cytokines during LPS-induced endotoxemia, liver inflammation, and aortic atherosclerosis in a rodent model. (justia.com)
  • These cells act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs), secreting several cytokines and chemokines to regulate innate and adaptive immunity. (breathinglabs.com)
  • Unlike ILCs, NK cells constantly recirculate and may contribute to chronic inflammatory diseases since they have been associated with COPD and asthma by producing inflammatory cytokines. (breathinglabs.com)
  • 6). Lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma were analyzed for cellular inflammation, cytokines, immunoglobulin E and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. (cdc.gov)
  • Multiscale models should also be used to investigate how chronic inflammation could be caused by prolonged exposure to different kinds/levels of trauma, increased activation and diffusion of chemotactic attractants or high levels of inflammatory cytokines at a site of injury. (knowyourasthma.com)
  • When Th2 lymphocytes are activated to produce cytokines, such as IL-5, this increases the production of eosinophils in the bone marrow and promotes release of these cells into the circulation 8 . (edu.pk)
  • NHIRD does not include results of pulmonary function tests or blood tests for inflammatory cytokines, severity levels or the actual duration of insomnia. (bmj.com)
  • The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of NQ on airway inflammation, the local expression of cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 and chemokines such as eotaxin, macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and Ig production related to antigen exposure. (ersjournals.com)
  • Our preliminary data suggests that a subset of lung dendritic cells may be more activated at baseline in allergic asthmatics compared to allergic non-asthmatics and that allergic asthmatics have higher levels of Th2-type cytokines and IgE in the airways following allergen exposure," Cho said. (internalmedicineiowa.org)
  • Allergic (or atopic) asthma is characterized by the presence of ILC2 and T helper 2 (Th2) response that covers the production of cytokines such as, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13 which all together orchestrate the migration of eosinophils, mast cells activation and Immunoglobulin E (IgE) production [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present studies, using an experimental approach that combines in vitro priming of human naive T cells with ex vivo analysis of Th2 cells, we demonstrate that the cytokine activin-A instructs the generation of human Tr1-like T cells that effectively suppress allergen-driven responses in allergic and asthmatic individuals. (bioacademy.gr)
  • However, exposure of eosinophils to GM-CSF, IL-4, and IL-33 prior to transfer induced not only immune events in the LDLN, but also allergen-mediated increases in airway Th2 cytokine/chemokine levels, the subsequent accumulation of CD4 + T cells as well as alternatively activated (M2) macrophages, and the induction of pulmonary histopathologies. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Conclusion The data demonstrate the differential activation of eosinophils as a function of cytokine exposure and suggest that eosinophil-specific IL-13 expression by activated cells is a necessary component of the subsequent allergic Th2 pulmonary pathologies. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Mice demonstrated allergic asthma evidenced by marked increases in airway inflammation, lung eosinophilia, goblet cell metaplasia, epithelial cell thickening, airway hyper-reactivity, Th2 cytokine expression, and serum IgE levels as well as TDI-specific IgG antibodies. (cdc.gov)
  • The importance of proinflammatory T-cells and their cytokine production in patients with autoimmune arthritis has been widely described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of MSCs on the phenotype, cytokine profile, and functionality of naive and non-naive CD4 + T-cells from healthy donors (HD) and patients with autoimmune arthritis under Th17-cytokine polarizing conditions in an explorative way using a transwell system prohibiting any cell-cell-contact. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Magnetically isolated naive and non-naive CD4 + T-cells were stimulated under Th17-polarizing proinflammatory cytokine conditions in presence and absence of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results of the study indicate significant immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, as under Th17-polarizing conditions MSCs are still able to control T-cell differentiation and proinflammatory cytokine production in both HD and patients with autoimmune arthritis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The current authors investigated the effects of naphthoquinone (NQ), one of the extractable chemical compounds of DEP, on antigen-related airway inflammation, local expression of cytokine proteins, and antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) production in mice. (ersjournals.com)
  • To accomplish this, alterations of the nitric oxide (NO) level, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels, as well as variations in immune cell numbers, immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration, histopathological structure and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells or an OVA-induced mouse model of asthma treated with SEAC. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This disease is characterized by a chronic inflammation of lower airways that include complex pathophysiological mechanisms involving several pro-inflammatory cells and molecules, including different cytokine profiles that can change according to environmental and genetic factors [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Background Eosinophils are hallmark cells of allergic Th2 respiratory inflammation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Significantly, this allergic respiratory inflammation was dependent on eosinophil-derived IL-13, whereas IL-4 expression by eosinophils had no significant role. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 2015). The adverse health disorders associated with exposure to oil products or TPHs include hematopoietic, hepatic, renal and pulmonary abnormalities, changes in cognitive functions, psychological problems, damage to reproductive and respiratory systems, cancer, and several general health problems. (envrexperts.com)
  • The present disclosure relates to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and methods of treating or preventing allergic inflammation and/or methods of treating or preventing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. (justia.com)
  • However, no studies have reported the effect of GLP-1R agonists on lung IL-33 expression or release, the effect of GLP-1R agonists on the innate allergic inflammatory response that is mediated by ILC2, or the effect of GLP-1R agonists on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. (justia.com)
  • Disclosed herein are methods of treating allergic disorders and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist. (justia.com)
  • The bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is another compartment of the respiratory lymphoid cells (RLCs), and it comprehends organized lymphoid tissues present inside the bronchial walls. (breathinglabs.com)
  • Influenza, along with other natural viral respiratory infections, can contribute to asthma exacerbation, as these viruses enter and replicate within airway epithelial cells, causing damage and initiating an immune response. (vaccinesafety.edu)
  • Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) holds a great promise in the management of allergic conditions, as it is the only treatment able to change the natural course of respiratory allergic diseases [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Respiratory enhanced pause (Penh), pulmonary histopathology and inflammation and specific IgE titres were measured. (cdc.gov)
  • A synthetic catalase-superoxide dismutase mimetic (EUK-134) significantly blunted lung inflammation and respiratory function decline confirming the role of oxidant imbalance. (cdc.gov)
  • American Journal Of Respiratory Cell And Molecular Biology 2023, 68: 75-89. (yalemedicine.org)
  • However, detailed studies concerning the component(s) of DEP responsible for their effects on the respiratory system and/or pulmonary diseases remain unsatisfied, which is particularly the case for in vivo studies. (ersjournals.com)
  • IL-33 is predominantly produced by epithelial cells in response to protease containing aeroallergens and its release is mediated by dual oxidase 1 (DUOX1). (justia.com)
  • stain for keratin to determine presence of epithelial cells. (brainscape.com)
  • Although the aetiology of these disorders remains unknown, in this review we analyse the pathogenic mechanisms by cell of interest (fibroblast, fibrocyte, myofibroblast, endothelial and alveolar epithelial cells and immune competent cells). (ersjournals.com)
  • Damaged epithelial cells release CCL11 to recruit eosinophils which attract more proinflammatory mediators to the damaged region. (knowyourasthma.com)
  • Damaged epithelial cells releases SCF to activate myofibroblast to repair damaged epithelial cells. (knowyourasthma.com)
  • Learn more about prevention and written and bronchial epithelial cells: early corticosteroid treatment 11-13. (absoluteonline.hu)
  • In silico predicted target genes were confirmed in reporter assays and in house-dust-mite (HDM) induced AAI and primary human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) cultured at the air-liquid interface. (edu.au)
  • The results provide evidence that up-regulation of SCGB3A2 in the airways can suppress allergic airway inflammation. (biovendor.com)
  • The other compartment comprises BACs, obtained through broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from the peripheral airways contain AMs, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), and DCs, which protect against inhaled pathogens, toxicants, and allergens. (breathinglabs.com)
  • Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways characterized by inflammation and bronchial remodeling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are two hallmark phenotypes of allergic asthma: (1) inflammatory, due to a T helper cell type 2 (Th2)-mediated immune response resulting in elevated inflammatory cells in the airways, and (2) airway hyper-reactivity, during which volume and flow of inhaled air decreases as a consequence of airway constriction. (cdc.gov)
  • Asthma and COPD occur due to chronic inflammation of the airways. (knowyourasthma.com)
  • It causes inflammation in the airways that can make them narrower. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Traditionally, asthma has been regarded as a disease characterised by chronic inflammation and remodelling, primarily of the large airways, which leads to airflow obstruction and asthma-specific symptoms. (ersjournals.com)
  • In the 1970s, the first physiological studies using indirect measurements of the distal airways (primarily nitrogen washout) focused attention on the role of small airways in diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 15 - 17 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Four weeks after pneumonia, mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA to induce allergic airway disease (AAD). (nature.com)
  • We stated that serum vitamin A levels in neonatal S. pneumoniae pneumonia mice were lower than 0.7µmol/L from day 2-7 post infection, while pulmonary vitamin A productions were significantly lower than those in the control mice from day 7-28 post infection. (nature.com)
  • Also, secondary, but not primary, clonal proliferation of antigen-specific B cells is impaired in ICOS-KO mice, and therefore the generation of secondary antibody-secreting cells is also impaired. (biolegend.com)
  • Model mice for allergic airway inflammation were intranasally administered recombinant adenovirus that express SCGB3A2, and the effect of overexpressed SCGB3A2 on antigen-induced airway inflammation was investigated. (biovendor.com)
  • The aim of this study was to assess how exposure to fine PM collected from Sacramento, CA, shapes the allergic airway immune response in BALB/c mice undergoing sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA). (cdc.gov)
  • Mice in the OVA + PM/OVA group displayed significantly increased airway inflammation compared to OVA/OVA animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Fractions of Suppress LTA, LTC, Cyclooxygenase-2 Activities and mRNA in HL-60 Cells and Reduce Lung Inflammation in BALB/c Mice. (boswellia.org)
  • The current authors have previously demonstrated that diesel exhaust particles (DEP) enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in mice. (ersjournals.com)
  • The current authors have recently demonstrated that extracted organic chemicals from DEP, rather than residual carbonaceous nuclei of DEP after extraction, predominantly enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in mice 17 . (ersjournals.com)
  • More recently, it has also been demonstrated that PQ aggravates antigen-related airway inflammation in mice, and that PQ also has adjuvant activity for antigen-specific Igs 25 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Akitsu A, Kakuta S, Saijo S, Iwakura Y. Rag2-deficient IL-1 Receptor Antagonist-deficient Mice Are a Novel Colitis Model in Which Innate Lymphoid Cell-derived IL-17 Is Involved in the Pathogenesis. (chiba-u.ac.jp)
  • Therefore, deregulation of miRNAs was assessed in whole lungs from mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation (AAI). (edu.au)
  • Sec14-like 3 (Sec14l3)-a putative target of Creb1-was down-regulated in both asthma models and in NHBE cells upon IL13 treatment, while it's expression correlated with ciliated cell development and decreased along with increasing goblet cell metaplasia. (edu.au)
  • B7-H2 plays a role in the development of allergic asthma by enhancing Th2 biased immune responses, limiting Th17 responses, and promoting eosinophilic infiltration into the lungs. (biolegend.com)
  • New research led by investigators at Massachusetts General Hospital reveals how the relationship between nerves and immune cells in the lungs can contribute to the development of allergic asthma early in life. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • The work involved tracking allergen-specific immune cells, called T helper 2 resident memory cells (Th2-TRMs), that are known to be the central mediator of recurrent allergic inflammation in the lungs. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • Experiments revealed that sympathetic nerves in the lungs produce dopamine and reside in proximity to certain T helper 2 cells following allergen exposure in newborns. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • Since human lungs are similarly innervated by dopaminergic nerves in early postnatal life, the dopamine-DRD4 axis may provide a therapeutic target to modify allergic asthma progression from childhood to adulthood," says senior author Xingbin Ai , PhD, an investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital and an associate professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School, in a press release. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • The tissue-resident immune cells in the lungs act as the first line of defense against pulmonary infections. (breathinglabs.com)
  • Multiscale models could be employed to understand the tissue microenvironment effects on inflammation mechanism in young and aged lungs. (knowyourasthma.com)
  • In some cases, the inflammation that experts associate with AS can also affect the lungs themselves. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Autopsy revealed necrotizing vasculitis involving pericardial and intramyocardial vessels, as well as eosinophilic and giant cell inflammation of the heart and lungs, supporting the diagnosis of CSS. (medscape.com)
  • Cho's team will investigate dendritic cells in the lungs of allergic patients with and without asthma to understand how these cells contribute to disease. (internalmedicineiowa.org)
  • Vitamin D generated in tissues is responsible for many of the immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D. The effects of vitamin D within the lungs include increased secretion of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin, decreased chemokine production, inhibition of dendritic cell activation and alteration of T cell activation. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • Studies have shown that the enzyme 1a- hydroxylase, which catalyzes the last and rate limiting step in the synthesis of active 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D), and the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which mediates the actions of vitamin D, are expressed widely in the body, including the lungs and cells of the immune system. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • The main players in innate immunity in the lungs include the airway epithelium itself, alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • In the asthma model, the administration of ADE reduced inflammatory cell count and airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA-exposed animals with decreased levels of IL-4, IL-13, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E. These results were accompanied by the reduction of pulmonary inflammation and mucus secretion. (bvsalud.org)
  • GLP-1 has a role in glycemic control by inducing glucose-dependent insulin secretion from β-cells and inhibiting glucagon release from α-cells in the pancreas. (justia.com)
  • On the other hand, IMs have been shown to limit Th2 responses through secretion of IL-10. (breathinglabs.com)
  • This role is partly mediated by CSS patients' T cells, which predominantly exhibit an activated Th2 phenotype, resulting in the secretion of high levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-5. (medscape.com)
  • In turn, these LDLN eosinophils elicited the accumulation of dendritic cells and CD4 + T cells to these same LDLNs without inducing pulmonary inflammation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Total cells, macrophages, and eosinophils recovered in BALF lavage were significantly elevated in the OVA + PM/OVA compared to OVA/OVA group. (cdc.gov)
  • He performed some of the first studies to identify transcription factors that regulate the gene expression and differentiation of eosinophils, which are known to play a major role in allergic and asthmatic responses. (ubc.ca)
  • Eosinophils are known to be an indirect marker of airway inflammation in asthma. (edu.pk)
  • Eosinophils are currently regarded as the effector cells responsible for much of the pathology of asthma. (edu.pk)
  • Airway inflammation is present during an acute exacerbation of asthma, and is characterized by infiltration and activation of both eosinophils and neutrophils 2 . (edu.pk)
  • The current authors have recently shown that PQ induces recruitment of inflammatory cells, such as eosinophils and neutrophils, into the lung with the lung expression of pro-inflammatory molecules such as interleukin (IL)-5 and eotaxin in vivo 24 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Eotaxin-3, a chemokine highly secreted by endothelial and inflammatory cells in CSS patients' damaged tissues, seems to directly target eosinophils toward affected tissues. (medscape.com)
  • and c) Gi alpha subunit-Giβγ) complexes which releases Gi that then simulates phospholipase C to cleave phosphatidylinositol triphosphate into inositol triphosphate that raises intracellular CaCa2 levels thereby regulating Calcium signaling pathways and diacylglycerol that activates certain protein kinase C enzymes )that phosphorylate and thereby regulate target proteins involved in cell signaling (see Protein kinase C#Function). (wikipedia.org)
  • IFN-gamma acts on the airway epithelium to regulate allergic airway inflammation. (yale.edu)
  • Dopamine signaling is likely one of many age-related factors that regulate Th2-TRMs in the immature lung. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
  • His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
  • Vitamin A supplement after neonatal S. pneumoniae pneumonia significantly promoted Foxp3 + Treg and Th1 productions, decreased Th2 and Th17 cells expressions, alleviated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammatory cells infiltration during AAD. (nature.com)
  • The authors of a 2016 study associate both asthma and AS with Th2 and Th17 cells, which make up part of the immune system. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In the presence of TGF-β, IL-9 may induce differentiation of naive CD4 + T-cells towards Th17 cells, while IL-9 also affects thymus-derived natural Tregs (nTregs) and enhances their suppressive function in vitro [ 26 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Segmented filamentous bacteria antigens presented by intestinal dendritic cells drive mucosal Th17 cell differentiation. (chiba-u.ac.jp)
  • Ikeda S, Saijo S, Murayama MA, Shimizu K, Akitsu A, Iwakura Y. Excess IL-1 signaling enhances the development of Th17 cells by downregulating TGF-β-induced Foxp3 expression. (chiba-u.ac.jp)
  • Although not all allergic patients have asthma, many develop the disease over time, suggesting there are incremental and potentially reversible stages in the development of allergic asthma," Cho said, adding that identifying differences between allergic non-asthmatics and allergic asthmatics could lead to a better understanding of the disease and to new treatments. (internalmedicineiowa.org)
  • These cellular effects are important for host responses against infection and the development of allergic lung diseases like asthma. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • However, in the treatment of diseases such as chronic pruritus, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, the use of selective H4R ligands and/or modulation of H1 and H4 receptor synergism may be more effective for such pathophysiological conditions. (hindawi.com)
  • SCGB3A2 protein, unlike club cell protein, increases in sputum in asthma and rhinitis. (biovendor.com)
  • 7-18 years old children with allergic asthma and rhinitis were enrolled and addressed to the active (AIT plus pharmacological treatment) or control (standard pharmacological treatment only) group. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the clinical efficacy of SLIT in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis has been proved in many double blind placebo control randomized clinical trials (DBPC-RCT) and meta-analysis, there is a lack of objective measures related to SLIT efficacy, besides patients reported outcomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Literature data has already shown that treatment with inhaled or oral corticosteroids as well as with biological treatment such as monoclonal humanized anti-IgE antibody is able to decrease the level of FeNO in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Allergen-induced pulmonary changes were assessed. (elsevierpure.com)
  • For the study, published in the Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology , scientists generated unique newborn mouse models of allergen exposure that reproduce the progression of allergic asthma from childhood to adulthood. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • Blocking this dopamine binding following allergen exposure in newborns reduced the T helper 2 cell transformation and alleviated lung inflammation upon the encounter of the same allergen during adulthood. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • In addition, IL-33 polarizes naïve CD4 T cells to differentiate into effector T helper 2 (Th2) cells, which produce IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 that are responsible for adaptive immunity-mediated allergen-induced responses. (justia.com)
  • upon rexposure to the allergen there is cross linking of mast cell (IgE) stimulating dumping of preformed histamine granules. (brainscape.com)
  • Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment able to change the natural course of allergic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Extended allergen removal alters immune and pulmonary response 1747 responses (LAR) after challenge with TMA aerosol. (cdc.gov)
  • He is a member of the Stem Cell Network Centre of Excellence (past member of the Stem Cell Policy Committee and Research Management Committee and current Sub-chair of the Training and Education Committee), and a member of the AllerGen Network Centre of Excellence (Research Management Committee and Co-Chair of the Biomarkers Program). (ubc.ca)
  • Using a bronchoscope-delivered allergen challenge in one segment of the lung, Cho's team will mimic an asthma attack in both allergic asthmatics and the control group to study the secondary immune response to allergen. (internalmedicineiowa.org)
  • Hence, the identification of factors that can induce and/or expand human Tr1 cells represents an attractive therapeutic approach for the control of allergic responses and linked asthmatic disease. (bioacademy.gr)
  • Recently we developed an allergic asthmatic Brown Norway rat model sensitized by dermal exposure to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) using an occlusion patch application. (cdc.gov)
  • Ambient particulate matter (PM), a component of air pollution, exacerbates airway inflammation and hyper-reactivity in asthmatic patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Finally, we propose that Creb1/Crtc1-3 and Sec14l3 could be important for early responses of the bronchial epithelium to Th2-stimuli. (edu.au)
  • Therefore, IL-33 is a central mediator of both innate and adaptive immunity regulated allergic inflammation in the lung that have a role in the pathogenesis of conditions such as asthma, and IL-33 has been deemed to be an important therapeutic target in inhibiting allergic diseases. (justia.com)
  • Epigenetic mechanisms have been reported to be key to functions of airway smooth muscle (ASM), e.g., aberrant phenotype of ASM lead to the obstruction and inflammation of airway [ 13 ]. (researchsquare.com)
  • In isolated naive CD4 + T-cells from HD and patients, MSCs suppressed the differentiation of naive towards an effector phenotype while memory and naive cells showed higher percentages in culture with MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Josalyn Cho, MD, assistant professor in Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, received a two-year, $275K R21 grant from the NIH for her project "Airway Dendritic Cells in the Allergic Asthma Phenotype. (internalmedicineiowa.org)
  • The interaction of human B7-H2 and CD28 can costimulate both human mouse naïve T cells and regulatory T cells (Treg). (biolegend.com)
  • AM are considered anti-inflammatory cells with an important role in phagocytosis of particulate matter, dying cells, and cellular debris, maintaining immune homeostasis through the production of TGF-β and subsequent induction of FoxP3 regulatory T cells (Treg). (breathinglabs.com)
  • Asthma represents the most common human chronic lung disease and is characterized by recurring symptoms of reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary inflammation. (bioacademy.gr)
  • Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by airway chronic inflammation together with airway hyperresponsiveness 1 . (nature.com)
  • A diagnosis of asthma is established based on a history of recurrent wheeze, cough, or shortness of breath, reversible airway obstruction demonstrated by pulmonary-function testing, and, in cases where questions exist, a methacholine challenge demonstrating airway hyperresponsiveness. (jci.org)
  • Importantly, administration of human activin-A-induced Tr1-like cells in a humanized mouse model of allergic asthma confers protection against cardinal disease manifestations, in preventive and therapeutic regimes. (bioacademy.gr)
  • However, the relative importance of eosinophil activation and the induction of effector functions such as the expression of IL-13 to allergic Th2 pulmonary disease remain to be defined. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Geoff is professor of medicine in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine at Yale, and director of the Pulmonary Function Lab at the Yale Center for Asthma and Airway Disease. (medscape.com)
  • Glutathione S-transferases and their implications in the lung diseases asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Early life susceptibility? (rug.nl)
  • Deeper Insights into the Mechanisms of Asthma and Allergic Inflammation: Regulation of Allergic Airway Disease by IFN-gamma. (yale.edu)
  • In some aspects, disclosed herein is a method of treating or preventing an allergic disease in a subject who has, or is at risk of developing an allergic disease, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1Rt) agonist. (justia.com)
  • Failures in phagocytosis are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. (breathinglabs.com)
  • He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
  • In the current model of asthma as an allergic disease, two cell types are central. (edu.pk)
  • Lastly, particularly with extra-pulmonary disease. (absoluteonline.hu)
  • They found that living with asthma increases the risk of rheumatoid disease, possibly due to underlying inflammation in asthma. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • We hypothesize that dendritic cells contribute to asthma pathogenesis through their interactions with Th2 cells in the airway mucosa, and that disrupting these interactions could modify the disease. (internalmedicineiowa.org)
  • Porter PC, Yang T, Luong A, Delclos GL, Abramson SL, Kheradmand F and Corry DB: Proteinases as molecular adjuvants in allergic airway disease. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Asthma is a disease of diffuse airway inflammation caused by a variety of triggering stimuli resulting in partially or completely reversible bronchoconstriction. (msdmanuals.com)
  • T Cells in Immunity, Allergic Diseases and Asthma: Latest Advances in NKT Cell and Regulatory T Cell Biology. (yale.edu)
  • Although the fine points of the definition can be debated, it is reasonable to think of asthma as a pulmonary disorder characterized by the generalized reversible obstruction of airflow and to define reversibility as a greater than 12% increase in the patient's forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) that occurs either spontaneously or with therapy. (jci.org)
  • For instance, GLP-1R agonist administration decreased TNFα and IL-6 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of obese patients with T2D and diabetic mouse adipose tissue. (justia.com)
  • Although tissue-resident memory T cells are key components of lung immunity, tissue-resident innate immune cells also play a significant role in pulmonary diseases such as influenza, bacterial pneumonia, asthma, and inflammatory disorders. (breathinglabs.com)
  • Recent studies have shown that a complex network of non-recirculating immune cells residing within lung tissue is responsible for maintaining a balance between immunity and tolerance. (breathinglabs.com)
  • Our findings suggest that fine PM enhances allergic inflammatory response in pulmonary tissue through mechanisms involving increased oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)
  • IL-9 and Th9 cells are overexpressed in synovial tissue while proportion of Th9 cells are increased in peripheral blood from RA patients [ 28 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The pH-responsive PacC transcription factor of Aspergillus fumigatus governs epithelial entry and tissue invasion during pulmonary aspergillosis. (chiba-u.ac.jp)
  • Specific pathogen may play a critical role in the allergic airway diseases (AAD) pathogenesis by affecting the immune system 5 . (nature.com)
  • New insights into the complex cellular contributions and interactions will be provided, comparing the role of cell subsets in the pathogenesis of IPF and systemic sclerosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • These results provide the first experimental evidence that naphthoquinone can enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in vivo , and that naphthoquinone can, to some extent, partly play a role in the pathogenesis of diesel exhaust particle toxicity on the condition. (ersjournals.com)
  • Two D-imaging tomography was performed to determine the anti-inflammatory activities of the fractions in BALB/c mouse model of lung inflammation. (boswellia.org)
  • Overall, exploiting the impact of histamine on innate and adaptive immune responses may be helpful for understanding receptor signaling and trends during inflammation or regulation. (hindawi.com)
  • They also serve as immune organs, fostering both innate and adaptive immune cells. (breathinglabs.com)
  • It has unique roles in T cell activation and differentiation, splenic germinal center formation, and immunoglobulin class switching. (biolegend.com)
  • DEP enhance the antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E response 5 , 6 and aggravate airway inflammation induced by repetitive intratracheal instillation of antigen in vivo 7 - 10 . (ersjournals.com)
  • We recommend that multiscale models should be implemented to test hypotheses that explain how changes at the molecular and cellular-levels may influence the onset and progress of chronic inflammation. (knowyourasthma.com)
  • Moreover, our mechanistic studies reveal that activin-A induces the activation of the transcription factor IRF4, which, along with the environmental sensor, AhR, control the differentiation and suppressive functions of human Tr1-like cells. (bioacademy.gr)
  • The expression of ICOS within the first 48 hours after T cell activation suggests that it may contribute to the differentiation of T cells during the primary response. (biolegend.com)
  • These results suggest that this protein plays a pivotal role in T cell activation and Th1/Th2 differentiation. (biolegend.com)
  • Histamine and its receptors represent a complex system of immunoregulation with distinct effects mediated by four GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors HRs 1-4) and their differential expression, which changes according to the stage of cell differentiation and microenvironmental influences. (hindawi.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem (or stromal) cells with the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation potential towards several mesodermal linages such as osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation (more citations) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • B7-H2 activation of ICOS on Tregs limits pulmonary inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness, promotes the development of inhalational tolerance, and impairs anti-tumor immunity. (biolegend.com)
  • Our data suggest that neonatal S. pneumoniae pneumonia induce serum vitamin A deficiency and long-time lung vitamin A reduction, vitamin A supplement after neonatal S. pneumoniae pneumonia inhibit the progression of asthma by altering CD4 + T cell subsets. (nature.com)
  • Previous studies have indicated that organic chemicals extracted from DEP result in induction of apoptosis 11 , increase oxidative stress 12 , and induce the production of inflammatory cells 13 - 15 through the release of pro-inflammatory molecules in vitro 15 , 16 . (ersjournals.com)
  • AIM OF THE STUDY: In this study, we analyzed the components of A. decursiva ethanol extract (ADE) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and investigated the therapeutic effects of ADE against allergic asthma using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW264.7 cells and an ovalbumin (OVA)-exposed allergic asthma model. (bvsalud.org)
  • A better understanding of the mediators of the early life Th2-TRM program could identify new therapeutic targets for the treatment of allergic asthma," says Ai in the press release. (respiratory-therapy.com)
  • Th2 cell membranes and the therapeutic agents are legal s. (absoluteonline.hu)
  • Due to their immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have come into focus as a potential therapeutic concept. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study examined the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of a saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (SEAC) on airway inflammation and remodeling in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The pulmonary immune system is composed of different compartments. (breathinglabs.com)
  • The two conditions may share a connection related to inflammation and the immune system. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The regulation of immune system occurs with vitamin D receptor (VDR) binding on elements responsive to vitamin D (VDRE) on many target genes of immune cells, determining their transcription or silencing [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • FeNO measurement is currently the only validated non-invasive method for assessing asthma-related eosinophilic inflammation in clinical practice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results Rats produced dose-dependent specific IgE titres after exposure and developed early-phase (EAR) and late-phase airway responses (LAR) after airway challenge to TMA aerosol as well as airway eosinophilic inflammation. (cdc.gov)
  • This paper reviews key mechanisms of inflammation in airway diseases. (knowyourasthma.com)
  • These can be grouped into allergic, inflammatory, neurogenic, and physical mechanisms with current evidence in favour of a combination of allergic and inflammatory processes. (edu.pk)
  • This study aims to explore the roles and molecular mechanisms of AKBA on cell behavior in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. (boswellia.org)
  • Objectives The objectives of this study were (1) to develop a model of non-occluded dermal exposure leading to allergic sensitization and (2) to examine the effect of extended removal from exposure on persistence of both specific IgE and TMA aerosol-induced airway responses in this model. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we mechanistically investigated pulmonary inflammation and lung function decline after inhalation co-exposure and individual exposures to ozone (O(3)) and ultrafine carbon black (CB). (cdc.gov)
  • Compared with individual exposures, co-exposure aerosols produced greater acellular and cellular oxidants detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and in vivo immune-spin trapping (IST), as well as synergistically increased lavage neutrophils, lavage proteins and inflammation related gene/protein expression. (cdc.gov)
  • synonym: uteroglobin-related protein 1, UGRP1) is a homodimeric secretory protein thought to play a role in the modulation of inflammation and tumorigenesis. (biovendor.com)
  • March1-dependent modulation of donor MHC II on CD103+ dendritic cells mitigates alloimmunity. (ucsf.edu)
  • CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that ADE effectively attenuated allergic inflammation induced by OVA inhalation through the enhancement of Nrf2 expression and suppression of NF-κB expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Address correspondence to: Jack A. Elias, Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 333 Cedar Street/105 LCI, PO Box 208057, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8057, USA. (jci.org)
  • Animal studies suggest that aluminum adjuvants could impact allergy risk through inducing a T helper 2 cell (Th2) immune response 31,32 . (vaccinesafety.edu)
  • In this work, the purified fractions were tested in-vitro for LTC, LTA and COX-2 activities using ELISA and qPCR was performed to determine gene regulation in human leukemia (HL-60) Cells. (boswellia.org)
  • In patients, MSCs significantly decreased the proportion of IL-9 and IL-17 producing effector T-cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The concentration of NO and mRNA levels of COX-2 and iNOS were significantly decreased in the SEAC + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells compared with the vehicle + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Additionally, in the OVA-induced asthma model, the number of immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the concentration of OVA-specific IgE, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, the bronchial thickness and the levels of the inflammatory mediators interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13 and COX-2 were significantly lower in the OVA + SEAC‑treated group compared with the OVA + vehicle‑treated group. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Recent evidence strongly suggests that H4R ligands might be exploited as potential therapeutics in allergy, inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and possibly cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • Curiously, the ageing process impairs expression or activity of HRs, and the enzymes HDC and DAO may contribute to the progression of allergic reactions and various neurodegenerative disorders [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • They all express pattern recognition receptors (PRR's) and ligand engagement results in activation of intracellular signaling pathways that mobilize antimicrobial defenses, inflammation and adaptive immune responses (Basu and Fenton 2004). (vitamindwiki.com)
  • MARCH1 Controls an Exhaustion-like Program of Effector CD4 + T Cells Promoting Allergic Airway Inflammation. (ucsf.edu)
  • After an incubation period of 6 days, the proportions of the T-cell subpopulations TEMRA (CD45RA + CD27 − ), memory (CD45RA − CD27 + ), effector (CD45RA − CD27 − ) and naive cells (CD45RA + CD27 + ) were determined. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid Exerts the Anti-Cancer Effects via Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Induction and Autophagy Suppression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. (boswellia.org)
  • AKBA exerts the anti-cancer effects via cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and autophagy suppression in NSCLC cells. (boswellia.org)