Gene FrequencyAllelesPolymorphism, GeneticGenotypePolymorphism, Single NucleotideGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthAsian Continental Ancestry GroupGenetic VariationHaplotypesPolymerase Chain ReactionCase-Control StudiesGenetic Association StudiesGenetics, PopulationGenetic MarkersHeterozygoteLinkage DisequilibriumChinaMicrosatellite RepeatsEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupMutationEthnic GroupsSequence Analysis, DNABase SequenceHomozygoteTandem Repeat SequencesPhenotypeJapanDNA Mutational AnalysisModels, GeneticAfrican Continental Ancestry GroupMolecular Sequence DataAmino Acid SubstitutionBreedingExonsSelection, GeneticPromoter Regions, GeneticRisk FactorsChromosome MappingDNAPolymorphism, Single-Stranded ConformationalIntronsTaiwanIndiaMutation, MissenseGeographyLipidsEnvironmentGenetic LinkageBrazilPoint MutationPedigreeChi-Square DistributionCohort StudiesDNA PrimersOdds RatioTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaTime FactorsVibrationAcoustic StimulationElectric StimulationAction PotentialsAuditory ThresholdPeriodicitySoundElectroencephalographyFourier AnalysisHearingSound SpectrographyRecombination, GeneticNeuronsSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedPitch PerceptionOscillometryElectrophysiologyAcousticsMicronucleus TestsAuditory PerceptionCatsAnalysis of VarianceAuditory PathwaysComputer SimulationRetrospective StudiesAlgorithmsMicronuclei, Chromosome-DefectiveContrast SensitivityModels, BiologicalQuestionnairesSensory ThresholdsProspective StudiesReproducibility of ResultsPhotic StimulationSynaptic TransmissionPitch DiscriminationModels, NeurologicalAge FactorsPrevalenceBiological ClocksElectromagnetic FieldsPsychoacoustics