Allelic forms alleles. Medical search. Frequent questions

Allelic heterogeneity is the phenomenon in which different mutations at the same locus lead to the same or very similar phenotypes. (wikipedia.org)
Many of these mutations take the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms in which a single nucleotide base is altered compared to a consensus sequence. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations in germ line cells can be inherited as well as mitochondrial allelic mutations. (wikipedia.org)
The mitochondrial allelic mutations are inherited maternally. (wikipedia.org)
Typically in the human genome a small amount of allele variants account for ~75% of the mutations found at a particular locus within a population. (wikipedia.org)
Other major diseases displaying allelic heterogeneity are allelic mutations in the dystrophin gene which cause Duchenne dystrophy and mutations in the CFTR gene that are known to causes cystic fibrosis. (wikipedia.org)
The human gene for the HGD nucleotide sequence shows a number of AKU-causing allelic mutations. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations can lead to novel forms of protein, which can allow organisms to develop new pathways, structures, and functions. (microbenotes.com)
Humans have over 3 billion base pairs, and mutations in any base pair can cause a new allele. (microbenotes.com)
Causative mutations for two mutant alleles are actually allelic mutations in KRT71. (animalabs.com)
For practical purposes, depending on the enzyme activity and the presence of mutations in the G6Pase and T genes, respectively, GSD type I may be subdivided into 2 major forms. (medscape.com)
Mutations in this gene are thought to cause two forms of nonsyndromic hearing loss: DFNA11 and DFNB2. (medlineplus.gov)
Specifically, MYO7A gene mutations cause a form of the disorder known as Usher syndrome type IB (USH1B), which accounts for more than half of all cases of Usher syndrome type I. (medlineplus.gov)
Notre étude a démontré que les mutations du gène HFE sont fréquentes en Égypte chez les porteurs d'une -thalassémie par rapport aux sujets témoins. (who.int)

Allelic heterogeneity should not be confused with locus heterogeneity in which a mutation at a different gene causes a similar phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
A different form of a gene at a particular locus. (ojp.gov)
Comprised of DNA fragments that represent common alleles at a locus. (ojp.gov)
The human ABO blood group was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1900 ( Landsteiner, 1900 ) and its mode of inheritance through multiple alleles at a single generic locus was established by Felix Bernstein a quarter century later ( Bernstein, 1925 ). (scialert.net)
The ABO blood group antigens are encoded by one genetic locus, the ABO locus, which has three alternative (allelic) forms- A, B and O. It is well known that the heredity of blood groups behaves according to the Mendelian rules. (scialert.net)
The ABO groups are inherited through multiple alleles at one locus, as seen by Bernstein nearly 80 yeas ago ( Bernstein, 1925 ). (scialert.net)
When there are more than two different variants of a gene at a certain locus, multiple alleles, a type of genetic diversity, appear. (microbenotes.com)
A population or species of organisms typically includes multiple alleles at each locus among various individuals. (netzvisuals.com)
Multiple alleles are alternative states at the same locus. (netzvisuals.com)
multiple alleles for resistance to pathotypes 2, 6 and 18 and conﬁrmed the Sen1 locus on chromosome XI. (netzvisuals.com)
LOH, the loss of one allele at a specific locus, is caused by deletion, mutation or loss of the entire chromosome. (scitechnol.com)

The Online Mendelian Inheritance of Man has a record of over 1000 genes and their associated allelic variants. (wikipedia.org)
These genes display allelic heterogeneity at their loci and are responsible for distinct disease phenotypes. (wikipedia.org)
Notably, LGMD subtypes are phenotypically highly variable, limb-girdle weakness may not be the predominant presentation, and mutation in genes assigned to LGMD subtypes may cause allelic conditions with a different phenotype. (medscape.com)
However, transmission of blood group AB in a family as if by a single chromosome or allele, instead of by two separate chromosomes or genes were reported and this led to the discovery of a very rare blood group called cis-AB. (scialert.net)
PSS may be caused by disease-causing variants in multiple genes encoding proteins with crucial functions for cell-cell adhesion: structural proteins forming cell-cell adhesion points (desmosomes, corneodesmosomes) and inhibitors of epidermal proteases that control skin shedding. (rarediseases.org)
Multiple alleles refer to genes that have more than two allelic forms. (microbenotes.com)
ii) In this two pairs of non-allelic genes are involved a gene pair inhibits the expression of another non-allelic gene. (icsehelp.com)
Thirteen genes were recurrently mutated at different sites, forming compound heterozygotes or functionally related complexes within patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Chromosomal instability can be in the form of aneuploidy or chromosome rearrangements which can lead to inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and/or activation of oncogenes [ 2 ]. (scitechnol.com)
Genes that determine the development of different pairs of characters are called non-allelic and are designated by different letters of the Latin alphabet. (bystudin.com)
It is formulated as follows: each pair of allelic genes (and alternative characters controlled by them) is inherited independently of each other. (bystudin.com)
The law of independent combination of genes forms the basis of the combinatorial variability observed when crossing in all living organisms. (bystudin.com)

The wild-type allele predominates over the mutant alleles in most cases. (microbenotes.com)
In addition, they point to the potential clinical benefit of strategies to raise TSC2 protein expression from the wild-type allele by even modest amounts. (elsevierpure.com)

Our data support a model in which sequence diversification imposed by the plant R gene-associated immunity has driven HopZ1 evolution by allowing allele-specific substrate-binding. (uea.ac.uk)

The two alleles inherited for a trait are different in nature, where one is dominant and masks the expression of the other recessive allele. (microbiologynote.com)
100% of the F1 generation having red-eyes is consistent with what would be predicted based on Mendelian inheritance of a recessive allele. (netzvisuals.com)

when the combined effects of alleles at different loci are equal to the sum of their individual effects. (womenshealthsection.com)
Of the 13 microsatellite loci tested, 11 produced a set of alleles, from which we could then apply closer scrutiny of the quality of the data and the reliability of the allele calling. (bspp.org.uk)
In two loci, three alleles were present in each isolate , and whilst triple-allelic patterns have been observed in other systems, our analytical models could not combine bi-allelic with tri-allelic patterns, so these loci were removed from further analysis. (bspp.org.uk)

The frequencies of alleles ε 2, ε 4, and genotypes ε 3/ ε 4 and ε 3/ ε 2 were significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared with those in controls. (hindawi.com)
Frequency spectrum in this paper refers to random allele frequencies, not their expected value as in Griffiths and Pakes [ 1 ] and in Pakes [ 2 ], since we also consider the variance of the allele frequency later on. (hindawi.com)
H63D, S65C and C282Y allele frequencies were 30.5%, 13.4% and 7.3% respectively in -thalassaemia carriers and 10.0%, 2.5% and 0.0% respectively in the control group. (who.int)

There are three alleles or versions of the blood type gene: A, B and C. Since, humans are diploid organisms (meaning we carry a double set of chromosomes-one from each parent), blood types are determined by two alleles ( Table 1 ). (scialert.net)
A haploid cell only has one allele, while a diploid cell might have either of the two alleles present on each homologous chromosome. (microbenotes.com)
In diploid organisms, each organism has the ability to express two alleles at the same time. (microbenotes.com)
The intragenomic 28S rDNA variability may be due to a hybridization event which can join different alleles from the two diploid (or polyploid) parental taxa to an allopolyploid descendant. (springer.com)

Alkaptunoria is considered to be a classic example of allelic heterogeneity showing a single variant in the human phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
The mutant or variant allele may have an intermediate influence on phenotype or be either dominant or recessive. (microbenotes.com)
The alleles of each gene have a minor additive effect on the phenotype. (netzvisuals.com)
allele = (n) a form of a gene which codes for one possible outcome of a phenotype For example, in Mendel's pea investigations, he found that there was a gene that determined the color of the pea pod. (netzvisuals.com)
The human ABO blood groups are an example of multiple alleles, and the relationship between phenotype and genotype is depicted in the figure above.There are four possible phenotypic blood types for this particular gene: A, B, AB, and O. The alleles A and B are codominant to each other and the O allele is recessive to both A and B. 1 decade ago. (netzvisuals.com)
Thus, in this case as well, the ratio of dominant and recessive forms for each pair of characters indicates a monohybrid cleavage according to phenotype 3: It follows that the dihybrid cleavage is two independently running monohybrid cleavages that overlap each other. (bystudin.com)

Haploid organisms and cells only have one copy of a gene, but the population can still have many alleles. (microbenotes.com)
Organisms inherit two alleles for each genetic trait, one from each parent. (microbiologynote.com)
This tool is based on the assumption of equal segregation of alleles during gametogenesis, allowing scientists to anticipate the potential outcomes of mating between organisms with known genotypes. (microbiologynote.com)
But, baked into the cake of how genetics in complex organisms usually works, one allele may often have multiple downstream consequences. (discovermagazine.com)
Examples of multiple alleles in organisms other than humans include coat colour in mice, eye colour in fruit flies, leaf patterns in white clover plants. (netzvisuals.com)

Some of these may result from founder effect, a form of genetic drift in which a relatively rare trait appears in a high frequency in a particular population because it has been passed down from an early ancestor that is behind many members of the population. (vin.com)
This separation ensures that each gamete carries only one allele for a given trait, either dominant or recessive. (microbiologynote.com)
Mendel's Law of Segregation states that alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation, ensuring each gamete carries only one allele, randomly inherited from the parent. (microbiologynote.com)
This process ensures that each gamete carries only one allele for a particular trait. (microbiologynote.com)
In simpler terms, if an individual carries two different alleles for a particular trait (heterozygous), such as one allele for brown eyes and another for blue eyes, these alleles separate during the formation of gametes. (microbiologynote.com)
As a consequence, each gamete carries only one allele for that trait, either the allele for brown eyes or the allele for blue eyes. (microbiologynote.com)
Alleles may occur in pairs, or there may be multiple alleles affecting the expression of a particular trait. (netzvisuals.com)
Multiple Alleles Alleles are alternative forms of a gene, and they are responsible for differences in phenotypic expression of a given trait (e.g., brown eyes versus green eyes). (netzvisuals.com)
a) Three or more alleles of a trait in the population are called multiple alleles. (samacheerkalviguru.com)

Approximately 40 different allelic variants have been documented. (wikipedia.org)
The different variants of a gene located at the same location on homologous chromosomes are known as alleles or allelomorphs. (microbenotes.com)
As a special type of branching process, this process allows individuals to mutate into infinitely many allelic variants, each of which is "new" in the sense of being different from all previously existing variants. (hindawi.com)
Suppose that the process starts from a group of individuals carrying the same allele, and individuals can mutate into new allelic variants. (hindawi.com)
Vaccine Containing the Three Allelic Variants of the Plasmodium vivax Circumsporozoite Antigen Induces Protection in Mice after Challenge with a Transgenic Rodent Malaria Parasite. (pasteur.fr)
After purification and biochemical characterization, they were used for the experimental immunization of C57BL/6 mice in a vaccine formulation containing the adjuvant Poly(I:C). Immunization with a recombinant protein expressing all three different allelic forms in fusion elicited high IgG antibody titers reacting with all three different allelic variants of PvCSP. (pasteur.fr)

Heterozygous means a person has two different alleles, whereas homozygous means they only have one type of allele. (microbenotes.com)
This allelic series of homozygous conditional hypomorphic alleles (Tsc2 c-del3/c-del3 SynICre + ) and heterozygote null/conditional hypomorphic alleles (Tsc2 k/c-del3 SynICre + ) achieves a graded reduction in expression of Tsc2 in neurons in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)

Development of KASP-based assays for multiple alleles/haplotypes of Lr34. (netzvisuals.com)
This reflects that certain SNP allelic combinations never appear within the population, implying that only certain haplotypes are biologically viable and generationally maintained. (scirp.org)
Therefore, the dynamically independent statistical genomic units we use are SNP haplotypes together with alleles within SNP sites that are not in contiguous LD with any other SNPs. (scirp.org)
Then the allele-specific bam files mapped onto the two haplotypes are merged together to detect alternative splicing events using rMATS (version 3.2.5). (tu-dortmund.de)

A child receives one of the three alleles from each parent, giving rise to six possible genotypes and four possible blood types (phenotypes) ( Table 2 ). (scialert.net)
Multiple alleles combine in different ways in a population, producing different phenotypes. (microbenotes.com)
Answer: Alleles can sometimes result in different phenotypes (observable traits), with certain alleles being dominant (overriding the traits of other alleles) or, in some cases, multiple alleles acting in a codominant fashion. (netzvisuals.com)

6. Yamamoto Y, Ishizu H. Km genotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using allele-specific amplification primers. (bvsalud.org)

They arise from an unintentional mutation in both the wild type and the mutant alleles. (microbenotes.com)
However, a gene mutation causes an abnormal form of haemoglobin to be produced in people with sickle cell anaemia. (microbenotes.com)
These include the number of alleles at a given generation or time, the generation number or time of the last mutation, and the limiting frequency spectrum. (hindawi.com)
We assume that the mutation is independent of the previous history of the process, and the offspring distribution is independent of the allelic type, that is, the selection is neutral for all alleles. (hindawi.com)
Whenever a mutation happens, it yields a new allele, which differs from all the previously existing ones. (hindawi.com)
The Sphynx mutation leads to a complete loss-of-function allele where the structure of the hair is seriously compromised, i.e., the hair is produced but is easily dislodged because of the lack of a well-formed bulb. (animalabs.com)

In essence, Mendel's experiments and his law of segregation laid the groundwork for our modern understanding of genetics and inheritance patterns, forming the cornerstone of genetic research and advancements. (microbiologynote.com)
Therefore, the time-continuous infinite-allele Markov branching process (TCIAMBP, or simply IAMBP) seems to be appropriate for modeling evolution in population genetics. (hindawi.com)
Genetics: Multiple Alleles Worksheet is 2 pages and 13 questions worth of multiple allele practice. (netzvisuals.com)

The frequency of ε 3 allele and ε 3/ ε 3 genotype was significantly lower in patients. (hindawi.com)
APOE alleles ε 2, ε 4, and genotypes ε 2/ ε 3 and ε 4/ ε 3 are associated with psoriasis and can be a risk factor while allele ε 3 and genotype ε 3/ ε 3 may be protective for psoriasis in Saudis. (hindawi.com)

These allelic variations can arise as a result of natural selection processes, as a result of exogenous mutagens, genetic drift, or genetic migration. (wikipedia.org)
Allelic variations at amino acid positions 654 and 655 of isoform a (positions 624 and 625 of isoform b) have been reported, with the most common allele, Ile654/Ile655, shown here. (origene.com)
All other alleles are viewed as variations of the wild type, which is the accepted norm. (microbenotes.com)
Multiple alleles exist in a population when there are many variations of a gene present. (microbenotes.com)
A gene exists in multiple variations, known as alleles. (microbiologynote.com)

Multiple alleles can result in a variety of combinations, as opposed to two alleles, where there are only two possible combinations. (microbenotes.com)

In summary, segregation is a fundamental genetic principle that ensures the separation of allele pairs during meiosis, leading to the inheritance of diverse genetic traits among offspring. (microbiologynote.com)

There may be many mutant alleles in a population. (microbenotes.com)
Further, they suggest that some patients with milder manifestations of TSC may be due to persistent low-level expression of functional protein from their mutant allele. (elsevierpure.com)

Because the A and B alleles are codominant, both antigens will be expressed on a person's red blood cells if they inherit one of each. (microbenotes.com)

The O allele does not code for any antigen, while the A allele does for the A antigen, the B allele does for the B antigen, and so on. (microbenotes.com)
An individual possessing one allelic form of a blood group an antigen can recognize other allelic forms on transfused blood as foreign and mount an antibody response. (kiranjeetkaurbiotechnologist.com)

Multiple alleles, incomplete dominance, and codominance. (netzvisuals.com)
The blood type in humans or ABO blood type is controlled by a single gene (the ABO gene) with three types of alleles (multiple alleles), a, b, i. a and b alleles express a special dominance relationship called … Blood type is an example of both multiple alleles and codominance. (netzvisuals.com)
Biology Q&A Library In clover plants, the pattern on the leaves is determined by a single gene with multiple alleles that arerelated in a dominance series. (netzvisuals.com)

The PAIRADISE statistical model is applicable to many forms of allele-specific isoform variation (e.g. (tu-dortmund.de)

Unless specified otherwise, we will use terms "mean frequency spectrum" and "variance frequency spectrum" in the remainder of this paper to denote the expected value and variance of the allele frequency. (hindawi.com)
Denote the alleles of yellow color A, green - a, smooth shape - B, wrinkled - b. (bystudin.com)

Our main focus is the frequency spectrum of this process, that is, the proportion of alleles having a given number of copies at a specified time point. (hindawi.com)
In addition, for a class of special IAMBP with birth and death offspring distribution, we show that the mean of its limiting frequency spectrum has an explicit form in terms of the hypergeometric function. (hindawi.com)
In this paper, we are interested in the frequency spectrum of the IAMBP, which may be defined as the number or proportion of alleles present in a given number of individuals at a specified time point. (hindawi.com)
It is well known that the neutral allelic frequency spectrum of a population is affected by the history of population size. (princeton.edu)

As an example, Kimmel and Mathaes [ 4 ] modeled the Alu sequence data using an infinite-allele simple branching process with linear-fractional offspring distribution, and the goodness of fit testing suggested that Alu sequences do not evolve neutrally and might be under selection. (hindawi.com)
In this study, molecular mechanisms underlying the sequence diversification-enabled HopZ1 allelic specificity is investigated. (uea.ac.uk)

Its clinical presentation clearly differs from other forms of GSD, because it is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, alpha-1,4-glucosidase, leading to the pathologic accumulation of normally structured glycogen within the lysosomes of most tissues, differs Three forms of the disease exist: infantile-onset, late-onset juvenile and adult onset. (medscape.com)

Now concerning the inheritance of the ABO groups, the precise mechanism may change, although the triple allele theory of Bernstein is adequate for all practical purposes. (scialert.net)
This concept debunked the idea of blending inheritance, a prevalent theory at the time, by demonstrating that traits encoded by recessive alleles could reappear in the F1 generation. (microbiologynote.com)

These alleles can have distinct traits or characteristics. (microbiologynote.com)

A second contributor of variation is single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), in which two distinct alleles are possible at a single genome position, with each allele appearing at high frequency within the population. (mlo-online.com)
Put simply, this law states that in the hybrids or heterozygotes of the first generation (F1 generation), when there are two contrasting characters - one dominant and one recessive - the alleles for these characters, though initially paired together, remain distinct and separate during the formation of gametes. (microbiologynote.com)
This law holds significant importance as it introduced the concept that hereditary factors, or alleles, remain distinct entities even when present alongside other similar entities. (microbiologynote.com)
Within the western group, the samples from the Osumi Island Group was genetically distinct from those from the other regions, by possessing unique alleles. (bioone.org)

Multiple allelism is the term used when more than one allele controls a characteristic. (microbenotes.com)
This principle, proposed by Gregor Mendel , states that individuals possess two alleles for a specific characteristic, and during the formation of gametes, these alleles segregate or separate from each other. (microbiologynote.com)

Random and targeted mutagenesis identified three amino acids involved in HopZ1 allelic specificity. (uea.ac.uk)

The expression of the O allele is recessive to that of A and B, which are said to be co-dominant. (scialert.net)
Therefore, one may say that the tightly curled hair form is dominant to straight or wavy hair. (discovermagazine.com)
Consequently, the yellow color of the seeds over the green and the smooth form over the wrinkled ones were dominant. (bystudin.com)

At the population level, there are several alleles, but an individual can only have two alleles for a specific gene. (microbenotes.com)
multiple alleles can be found within the population. (netzvisuals.com)
In particular, changes in the distribution of allelic and haplotypic responses to the environment directly reflect adaptive forces on the population. (scirp.org)
The allele frequency was 3.5% in the normal Tunisian population. (who.int)
The subjects were un- ers of the factor V 1691A allele have been related to the patients and were taken to shown to have an increased risk for venous represent the general Tunisian population. (who.int)

A few known alleles have an indirect effect on protein function by causing misfolding and disrupt the proper assembly of the enzyme complex. (wikipedia.org)
However, it does bind tightly to other ligand-bound EGF receptor family members to form a heterodimer, stabilizing ligand binding and enhancing kinase-mediated activation of downstream signalling pathways, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. (origene.com)
Recently, using bacterial and adenoviral recombinant proteins based on the P. vivax circumsporozoite protein (CSP), we demonstrated the possibility of eliciting strong antibody-mediated immune responses to each of the three allelic forms of P. vivax CSP (PvCSP). (pasteur.fr)

Other forms of genetic diversity that might be mistaken with numerous alleles include pseudoalleles and isoalleles. (microbenotes.com)
This segregation of alleles guarantees genetic diversity among offspring. (microbiologynote.com)

The nuclei of most fungi are haploid except when a zygote is formed in sexual reproduction. (tripod.com)

As a result, only one allele is present in each gamete. (microbiologynote.com)
Three alleles are known to be present in P. syringae, with HopZ1a most resembling the ancestral allelic form. (uea.ac.uk)
In the present study, recombinant proteins representing the PvCSP alleles (VK210, VK247, and P. vivax-like), as well as a hybrid polypeptide, named PvCSP-All epitopes, were generated. (pasteur.fr)
Following PCR , fragment analysis was performed by the UCD sequencing 'divas' Shelley Williams and Sheryl Bernauer, and analysis of the chromatograms enabled me to ascertain the alleles present, and determine the hetero- or homozygosity of each isolate . (bspp.org.uk)

The ABO blood type system used by people is one of the most well-known examples of multiple alleles. (microbenotes.com)
Figure: ABO blood grouping Multiple Alleles. (microbenotes.com)
A single gene has multiple alleles if it has more than two alleles. (netzvisuals.com)
Multiple alleles for resistance and susceptibility modulate the defense response in the interaction of tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum) with Synchytrium endobioticum pathotypes 1, 2, 6 and 18 Agim Ballvora , 1, 6 Kerstin Flath , 2 Jens Lübeck , 3 Josef Strahwald , 3 Eckhard Tacke , 4 Hans-Reinhard Hofferbert , 5 and Christiane Gebhardt 1 Lv 6. (netzvisuals.com)
EVOLUTION IN ACTION: Multiple Alleles Confer Drug Resistance in the Malaria Parasite. (netzvisuals.com)
A series of multiple alleles for self-sterility in jobacco was reported by E.M. East. (netzvisuals.com)
Multiple Alleles: Multiple alleles refer to a series of three or more alternative forms of a gene. (netzvisuals.com)

Other findings associated with this disorder may include blistering and skin fragility, itching, short stature, and/or newly formed hairs that can be plucked out more easily than normal. (rarediseases.org)

The specimens analyzed electrophoretically also indicated that the Conchas Lake clone of A. neomexicana is identical to the most widely distributed clone of the species in the Rio Grande Valley of New Mexico and that the Fort Sumner clone possessed a distinctive allele. (amnh.org)

Mutated alleles expressing allelic heterogeneity can be classified as adaptive or disadaptive. (wikipedia.org)

Saliva: a convenient source of DNA for analysis of bi-allelic polymorphisms of Fc gamma receptor IIA (CD32) and Fc gamma receptor IIIB (CD16). (bvsalud.org)

Each of which has several alternative alleles. (kiranjeetkaurbiotechnologist.com)
We introduce PAIRADISE (PAIred Replicate analysis of Allelic DIfferential Splicing Events), a method for detecting allele-specific alternative splicing (ASAS) from RNA-seq data. (tu-dortmund.de)
The "sample_dataset_CEU" dataset was generated by analyzing the allele-specific alternative splicing events in the GEUVADIS CEU data. (tu-dortmund.de)
Allele-specific reads were mapped onto alternative splicing events using rPGA (version 2.0.0). (tu-dortmund.de)

Serum creatine kinase level is complementary, and may be significantly elevated in some forms of LGMD, especially the autosomal recessive LGMDs. (medscape.com)

As a result, blood clots can form more easily and block blood flow through arteries and veins. (cdc.gov)

Together they form a unique fingerprint. (elsevierpure.com)

A number of authors have used this fact to infer history given observed allele frequency data. (princeton.edu)
The allele data was analysed in GenAlex software, with the help of Dr Renaud Travadon. (bspp.org.uk)

Anatomy1

Organisms1

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs9

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes25

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Named Groups2

Health Care1

Mutations14

Locus11

Genes12

Wild-type allele2

Allowing allele-specific1

Recessive allele2

Loci3

Frequencies3

Diploid4

Phenotype6

Organisms5

Trait9

Variants6

Homozygous2

Haplotypes4

Phenotypes3

Amplification1

Mutation6

Genetics3

Genotype2

Variations5

Combinations1

Pairs1

Mutant2

Codominant1

Antigen2

Dominance3

Isoform1

Denote2

Frequency spectrum4

Sequence2

Differs1

Inheritance2

Traits1

Distinct4

Characteristic2

Amino1

Dominant3

Population5

Protein3

Genetic diversity2

Haploid1

Present4

Multiple7

Hairs1

Species1

Adaptive1

Receptor1

Alternative4

Autosomal recessive1

Result1

Unique fingerprint1

Data2