AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
HLA AntigensAllelesHLA-DR AntigensAntigensHLA-B AntigensHLA-DQ AntigensHistocompatibility TestingHLA-A AntigensHLA-DR3 AntigenHLA-DRB1 ChainsHLA-DR Serological SubtypesHLA-DR4 AntigenHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHLA-DQ beta-ChainsAntigens, NeoplasmAntigens, BacterialHLA-C AntigensAntigens, SurfaceHLA-G AntigensHLA-DR2 AntigenHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIAntigens, ViralHaplotypesLeukocytesHLA-D AntigensGenes, MHC Class IIHLA-A2 AntigenEpitopesGenes, MHC Class IGene FrequencyGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHLA-B44 AntigenHLA-DP beta-ChainsMolecular Sequence DataAntigens, CDHLA-B52 AntigenHLA-DP AntigensHistocompatibilityGenotypeT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicAmino Acid SequenceHLA-B27 AntigenHLA-DR7 AntigenT-LymphocytesEpitopes, T-LymphocyteHLA-B8 AntigenAntibodies, MonoclonalAntigens, ProtozoanPolymorphism, GeneticHLA-A24 AntigenIsoantibodiesHLA-A1 AntigenAntigens, Polyomavirus TransformingMajor Histocompatibility ComplexHLA-DQ alpha-ChainsHLA-B18 AntigenHLA-B51 AntigenHLA-DR1 AntigenReceptors, Antigen, T-CellHLA-B35 AntigenHistocompatibility AntigensHLA-B7 AntigenReceptors, KIRHLA-DP alpha-ChainsLeukocyte RollingAntigens, FungalH-2 AntigensFlow CytometryLymphocyte ActivationAntigens, HelminthCase-Control StudiesHLA-A3 AntigenCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesTissue DonorsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGraft RejectionCell LineTransplantation, HomologousPeptidesBase SequenceDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Carcinoembryonic AntigenGraft vs Host DiseaseEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayPolymerase Chain ReactionAntigens, Viral, TumorInterferon-gammaGraft Survivalbeta 2-MicroglobulinPhenotypeAntigens, CD8Immunoglobulin GChromosomes, Human, Pair 6Killer Cells, NaturalCross ReactionsHLA-DR5 AntigenCells, CulturedCytotoxicity, ImmunologicB-LymphocytesPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide
AntibodiesGenotypeFrequenciesGeneticsMoleculesPeptideChainsPolymorphismPeptidesBone marrowImmuneLupusNaiveEncodeClassCellsDiseasesCellMajorCommonAdditionSusceptibilityDR11DR15ClinicalCeliac diseaseChromosomeRecipientsGeneticSubtypeEthnicityEvidenceRolePatientsAssociationControl groupRisk factorsDiseaseResultsNormalCombinationPopulationFoundCasesSystem
Antibodies6
  • Human aCL antibodies cause placental necrosis in BALB/c mice. (medscape.com)
  • The association between aPL antibodies and particular human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and HLA-linked epitopes has been reported in studies of patients with lupus erythematous (eg, HLA-DR7, HLA-DR4). (medscape.com)
  • The HLA-DR3 phenotypes seem to predispose to the formation of aCL antibodies and antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), but this has not been confirmed in patients, and particular HLA alleles associated with recurrent miscarriage have not been reported. (medscape.com)
  • Following this model, the human immune system is divided into two major classes: Cellular Immunity, located in the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts and their respective lymph nodes (outer defenses), and Humoral Immunity, with production of antigen-specific antibodies by plasma cells in the bone marrow (inner defenses). (medicalveritas.org)
  • The vertebrate adaptive immune system modifies the genome of individual B cells to encode antibodies that bind particular antigens 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • We show that for naive antibodies (those not yet adapted to antigens), the probability that they use the same light chain V gene is around 10%, whereas for memory (functional) antibodies, it is around 80%, even if only one cell per clonotype is used. (bvsalud.org)
Genotype1
  • The analysis of genetic factors other than CFTR may help our understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships in CF. As human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II polymorphism has been associated with a number of diseases including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, asthma, and allergy, we investigated the possibility that HLA polymorphism contributes to CF-associated pulmonary inflammation. (nih.gov)
Frequencies1
Genetics1
  • In addition to influencing immune response patterns, many of these alleles are associated with susceptibility to a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases, making the MHC an essential starting point for anyone wanting to understand the genetics of rheumatic diseases. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Molecules8
  • HLA-DR, like other MHC class II molecules, is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of a 36 kDa alpha chain (DRA) and 27 kDa beta chain (DRB). (thermofisher.com)
  • The human MHC class II molecules bind intracellularly processed peptides, present them to T-helper cells, and have a critical role in the initiation of the immune response. (thermofisher.com)
  • The HLA molecules and their counterparts in rodents were subsequently shown to be directly responsible for immune response differences between individuals and for determining the likelihood of graft rejection. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • In each individual, T cells are generally restricted to recognize antigens presented by the person's own HLA molecules. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • The allelic variations among different HLA molecules are a major factor accounting for differences in the types of antigenic peptides to which an individual responds or in the types of T cells that are used in an immune response. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • HLA class I molecules consist of a 45-kD α chain encoded within the MHC that is noncovalently associated with the 12-kD β 2 -microglobulin chain (encoded on chromosome 15). (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • HLA class II molecules consist of noncovalently associated α (32 kD) and β (28 kD) chains, both of which are encoded within the MHC. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • HLA class I and class II molecules are cell surface glycoproteins, anchored to the membrane by hydrophobic transmembrane segments. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Peptide2
  • Modified peptides showed enhanced binding to HLA-A2 compared with the native sequences and immunization of HLA-A2 transgenic mice generated high avidity modification specific CD8 responses that killed peptide expressing target cells. (bmj.com)
  • The polymorphisms associated with the "shared epitope" are located on the α-helical rim (DRB1 chain) of the peptide-binding cleft, where they may interact with either the bound peptide antigen or the T cell receptor. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Chains1
Polymorphism1
  • HLA class II polymorphism in cystic fibrosis. (nih.gov)
Peptides4
  • Recent observations raise the hypothesis that not only the drug/chemical, but also parts of the haptenated protein or peptides may constitute the important structural determinants for antigen recognition by the TCR. (frontiersin.org)
  • HLA-DR is a heterodimeric transmembrane protein composed of alpha and beta subunits and plays an important role in the presentation of peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
  • Methods Homocitrullinated peptides were identified and assessed in vitro for HLA-A2 binding and in vivo in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) transgenic mouse models for immunogenicity. (bmj.com)
  • Human tumor samples were analyzed by targeted mass spectrometry for presence of homocitrullinated peptides. (bmj.com)
Bone marrow1
Immune2
  • Although the human immune system is of almost inconceivable complexity in its detailed functions, the basic principles are quite simple, which might be compared with a medieval castle with an outer mote, an outer wall with parapets, and an inner defense wall, all of which serve to protect the king (brain and nervous system) and queen (genetic system). (medicalveritas.org)
  • Background Post-translational modification of proteins has the potential to alter the ability of T cells to recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class -I and class-II restricted antigens, thereby resulting in altered immune responses. (bmj.com)
Lupus1
Naive1
  • During thymic selection, T cells that have not yet encountered their cognate antigen are considered naive T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Encode1
  • Three loci, DR, DQ and DP, encode the major expressed products of the human class II region. (thermofisher.com)
Class2
  • PsA has been associated with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class 1 alleles as opposed to the class 2 alleles associated with RA. (bmj.com)
  • Description: The LN3 mAb reacts with the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, HLA-DR. HLA-DR is expressed on the surface of human antigen presenting cells (APC) including B cells, monocytes, macrophages, DCs, and activated T cells. (thermofisher.com)
Cells5
  • During a streptococcal infection, mature antigen-presenting cells such as B cells present the bacterial antigen to CD4+T cells which differentiate into helper T2 cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to the artificial nature of drug/chemical-T-cell epitopes, it is not clear whether thymic selection of drug/chemical-specific T cells is a common phenomenon or remains limited to few donors or simply does not exist, suggesting T-cell receptor (TCR) cross-reactivity with other antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Nevertheless, there are only an estimated 10 12 T cells in the human body ( 26 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Applications Tested: This LN3 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • HLA-DR is expressed primarily on antigen presenting cells such as B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, thymic epithelial cells and activated T lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
Diseases1
  • Many common human diseases such as asthma, cancer, and cardiovascular disease are complex in nature, as they are influenced variably by environmental, physiologic, and genetic factors. (cdc.gov)
Cell1
  • We screened the circulating B cell repertoires of COVID-19 survivors and vaccinees using multiplexed panels of uniquely barcoded antigens in a high-throughput single cell workflow to isolate over 9,000 SARS-CoV-2-specific monoclonal Abs (mAbs), providing an expansive view of the SARS-CoV-2-specific Ab repertoire. (bvsalud.org)
Major1
  • Interestingly, the recent data in RA indicate that the major HLA-DR associations are with anti-CCP antibody positive disease, suggesting that control of autoantibody responses may be a primary mechanism underlying these associations in RA as well. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
Common1
  • During this time, the perception of CD has changed from a rather uncommon enteropathy to a common multi- organ disease with a strong genetic predisposition that is associated mainly with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8. (vdocuments.net)
Addition1
  • In addition, the homocitrullinated aldolase epitope was also detected in human tumor samples. (bmj.com)
Susceptibility8
  • Role of human leukocyte antigen DRB1*0307 and DRB1*0308 in susceptibility to juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
  • HLA and celiac disease susceptibility: new genetic factors bring open questions about the HLA influence and gene-dosage effects. (cdc.gov)
  • HLA class II high-resolution genotyping in Greek children with celiac disease and impact on disease susceptibility. (cdc.gov)
  • HLA Genotyping: Methods for the Identification of the HLA-DQ2,-DQ8 Heterodimers Implicated in Celiac Disease (CD) Susceptibility. (cdc.gov)
  • The genes that confer actions, are likely to provide important information susceptibility to IDDM are located in the HLA region regarding the causes of IDDM and lead to approaches of chromosome 6. (nih.gov)
  • Genomewide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis has identified over 30 additional susceptibility alleles. (clinicalgate.com)
  • Molecular genetic testing of first-degree relatives of a proband (including young children) to monitor those with known celiac disease-susceptibility alleles for early evidence of celiac disease in order to institute gluten-free diet early in the disease course. (nih.gov)
  • Celiac disease is a multifactorial disorder resulting from the interaction of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 allelic variants known to be associated with celiac disease susceptibility, less well-recognized variants in non-HLA genes, gliadin (a subcomponent of gluten), and other environmental factors. (nih.gov)
DR114
  • HLA C14, DR11, DR15, and DQ3 alleles were found to have a protective role in the same population. (turkishjournalpediatrics.org)
  • The HLA types DR2, DR6 and DR11 are protective against Type 1 diabetes. (eupedia.com)
  • There is a suspected link with HLA-Cw4, DR7, DR11 and DQA1, among others. (eupedia.com)
  • HLA-DR11 is the short spelling for HLA-DRB1*11, just like HLA-C6 is short for HLA-Cw*06. (eupedia.com)
DR151
  • weakly associated with HLA DR3, DR4, DR15 and DQA1. (eupedia.com)
Clinical2
  • We aimed to investigate the relationship between human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-groups and clinical features, and degree of intestinal injury in children with celiac disease (CD). (turkishjournalpediatrics.org)
  • 18. The clinical significance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele compatibility in patients receiving a marrow transplant from serologically HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR matched unrelated donors. (nih.gov)
Celiac disease7
Chromosome1
  • HLA types are encoded in the HLA gene on chromosome 6. (eupedia.com)
Recipients9
  • 1. HLA alleles in renal transplant recipients with nonmelanoma skin cancer in southeastern Brazil. (nih.gov)
  • 2. HLA antigen distribution in renal transplant recipients and donors. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Association Between HLA Type and Skin Cancer in Kidney Transplant Recipients. (nih.gov)
  • 5. Relation between skin cancer and HLA antigens in renal-transplant recipients. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Association of glycoprotein B and immediate early-1 genotypes with human leukocyte antigen alleles in renal transplant recipients with cytomegalovirus infection. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Influence of HLA antigens of renal transplant recipients on graft survival. (nih.gov)
  • 16. On a possible protective effect of HLA-A11 against skin cancer and keratotic skin lesions in renal transplant recipients. (nih.gov)
  • Evidence that HLA-DR7-matched recipients are more susceptible to cytomegalovirus disease. (nih.gov)
  • Several factors including age, gender, ethnicity, quality and quantity of vaccine antigen, doses, and route of administration can influence immune response to vaccination, although the main cause of variation in the responsiveness among vaccine recipients is host genetic variability. (wjgnet.com)
Genetic2
  • Many common human diseases such as asthma, cancer, and cardiovascular disease are complex in nature, as they are influenced variably by environmental, physiologic, and genetic factors. (nih.gov)
  • Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype DQ2 or DQ8 identified by molecular genetic testing of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 . (nih.gov)
Subtype2
  • Also, a non-significant increase in the frequency of the DRB1*04, *11 and *15 alleles was detected in the polyarticular subtype of the Kuwaiti JRA cases compared to the controls. (nih.gov)
  • There are 3 major types of class I HLA (HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C) and 3 major types of class II HLA (HLA-DP, HLA-DQ and HLA-DR). Each type comprises hundreds of subtype (e.g. (eupedia.com)
Ethnicity1
  • Data can be sorted by region, country, ethnicity and allele frequency. (eupedia.com)
Evidence1
  • 13. Evidence that matching for HLA antigens significantly increases transplant survival in 1001 renal transplants performed in the northwest region of England. (nih.gov)
Role4
  • The role of HLA DQ2 and DQ8 in dissecting celiac-like disease in common variable immunodeficiency. (cdc.gov)
  • HLA-DR3 plays a significant role in the disease. (eupedia.com)
  • HLA-DRB1*1501 plays a role in the disease. (eupedia.com)
  • HLA DR1 and DR7 may also play a role. (eupedia.com)
Patients2
  • All the patients with iridocyclitis had either a DR1 or DR3 allele, except for one child. (nih.gov)
  • 8. Differential HLA class I and class II associations in pemphigus foliaceus and pemphigus vulgaris patients from a prevalent Southeastern Brazilian region. (nih.gov)
Association2
  • There is also an association with HLA DR2 and HLA DQ1. (eupedia.com)
  • 9. Association of HLA Antigen Mismatch With Risk of Developing Skin Cancer After Solid-Organ Transplant. (nih.gov)
Control group1
  • Although the incidence of some alleles was higher in the control group (DR13 and DR7), none reached a statistically significant level. (nih.gov)
Risk factors1
Disease4
  • The combination HLA-B7/B*2705 heterozygotes exhibited the highest risk for disease. (eupedia.com)
  • HLA DR1, DR4, DR5, DR8 and DR12 are associated with the disease at various levels. (eupedia.com)
  • 17. The influence of HLA A-B-DR matching on cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation. (nih.gov)
  • Individuals who carry alleles con- for disease prevention. (nih.gov)
Results1
Normal2
  • The prevalence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR alleles has been determined in 69 Kuwaiti Arab children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and compared to that in 212 ethnically matched normal healthy controls using a PCR-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) method. (nih.gov)
  • Before starting abacavir, she had tested negative for the HLA B*57:01 allele and had normal serum aminotransferase levels. (nih.gov)
Combination1
  • Abacavir sulfate is a nucleoside analogue and reverse transcriptase inhibitor which is used in combination with other agents in the therapy of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (nih.gov)
Population1
  • When the Europeans arrived in the Americas, bringing with them new viruses on the continent, the biggest part of the Native American population of North America was wiped out as they didn't have the right antigens to fight off even the common cold. (eupedia.com)
Found1
  • HLA types found in tropical countries tend to differ a lot from those in temperate parts of the world, because the viruses found there are different. (eupedia.com)
Cases2
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (arthritis of the spine and sacroiliac joint) : caused by HLA-B27 in 95% of the cases. (eupedia.com)
  • The cause of the clinically apparent hepatotoxicity from abacavir is hypersensitivity in some cases and is typically associated with the HLA-B*57:01 haplotype. (nih.gov)
System1
  • Some HLA types are known to attack the body's own cells, causing what is known as autoimmune diseases , in other words diseases caused by one's immune system attacking one's own body. (eupedia.com)