• The use of bees as guided biological weapons was described in Byzantine written sources, such as Tactica of Emperor Leo VI the Wise in the chapter On Naval Warfare. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is long known and feared that the perfect weapon for mass destruction and hysteria is germ warfare or biological terrorism. (medicosecuador.com)
  • While governments around the world have signed an international treaty banning germ warfare, Russia, Vassily Nebenzia said, had "grounds to think that those hopes did not come true completely. (thebulletin.org)
  • Does the US Have A Secret Germ Warfare Lab on Russia's Doorstep? (codastory.com)
  • The Germans, Russians, and Japanese were formidable germ warfare experts during WWI and WWII, but the British joined with the Americans and have cornered the market with many patents of man-made viruses that kill. (truthbits.blog)
  • Fildes was known as the "father of germ warfare. (truthbits.blog)
  • In the affidavit, which provides us today with two important pieces of the BW puzzle surrounding the charges of germ warfare aimed at the U.S., Schnacke stipulated the presence of an offensive capability by the U.S. to wage biological warfare dating back to the beginning of 1949, something the U.S. had long hidden or denied. (medium.com)
  • In a related matter, Russia asked the Security Council to establish a commission to investigate its claims that the United States and Ukraine are violating the convention prohibiting the use of biological weapons at laboratories in Ukraine. (hawaiinewsnow.com)
  • Russia has called a Security Council meeting Thursday on Ukraine's biological laboratories and its allegations. (hawaiinewsnow.com)
  • These aren't biological weapons laboratories, but the allegations raise important questions. (thebulletin.org)
  • In all of this, we have the not-so-secret military biological laboratories in the US and elsewhere, and considerable evidence that the US has been the main employer of such weapons in the past. (moonofshanghai.com)
  • The picture is confusing because the US has various methods of disguising both military bases and biological laboratories, with some installations kept secret from even the US Congress, and thus subject to neither questions nor oversight. (moonofshanghai.com)
  • Given their extremely dangerous nature, RG4 pathogens can only be handled in special "biological safety level 4" (BSL4) laboratories. (theinternationalforecaster.com)
  • Do you think Russia has legitimate concerns about the Pentagon sponsoring biological weapons programs in laboratories in Ukraine? (blogspot.com)
  • Bio warfare scientists using diplomatic cover test man-made viruses at Pentagon bio laboratories in 25 countries across the world. (dilyana.bg)
  • These US bio-laboratories are funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under a $ 2.1 billion military program - Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (CBEP), and are located in former Soviet Union countries such as Georgia and Ukraine, the Middle East, South East Asia and Africa. (dilyana.bg)
  • [8] [9] It was organized through the CIA's Office of Scientific Intelligence and coordinated with the United States Army Biological Warfare Laboratories . (wikipedia.org)
  • During a news conference in Beijing, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian echoed Russian allegations regarding U.S. involvement in developing bioweapons in laboratories in Ukraine. (naturalnews.com)
  • According to the data released by the U.S. itself, the U.S. has 26 biological laboratories and other related facilities in Ukraine which has indeed attracted great attention," said Zhao. (naturalnews.com)
  • Zhao added that the U.S. has a total of 336 biological research laboratories in 30 countries, including Ukraine. (naturalnews.com)
  • Obviously, a clear case of a man-made biological weaponry created for the sole purpose of killing people - essentially depopulation or what the elites call "eugenics. (truthbits.blog)
  • Sir Paul Gordon Fildes OBE FRS (10 February 1882 - 5 February 1971) was a British pathologist and microbiologist who worked on the development of chemical-biological weaponry at Porton Down during the Second World War. (truthbits.blog)
  • However, the authors' effort to broaden the context for biological weaponry is undermined by a reference to an often repeated allegation for which no credible evidence exists: namely, that during a siege occurring in the Swedish-Russian War of 1710, the Russians catapulted bodies of plague victims into the Swedish-held city of Reval. (cdc.gov)
  • Allegations from China and North Korea that the U.S. used biological weaponry (BW) during the Korean War is an example of just such a cold case. (medium.com)
  • In June 1952 the United States proposed to the United Nations Security Council that the Council request the International Red Cross investigate the allegations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polyansky said the IAEA can send inspectors to investigate allegations of a "dirty bomb. (hawaiinewsnow.com)
  • 1 He constructs detailed procedures to investigate allegations of the use of any of these weapons from the perspective of epidemiology theory. (cambridge.org)
  • Despite international efforts in the 1990s, it still has no effective provision to assess compliance or investigate allegations of biological weapons development . (unidir.org)
  • the United States, which by then had its own offensive biological weapons program, sought to understand what the Japanese had learned. (thebulletin.org)
  • The analysis also tracks a simultaneous rise in sensationalist Russian claims that the United States is itself pursuing offensive biological weapons. (wariscrime.com)
  • He expressed confidence that the disease is used as a biological weapon against Russia. (pigprogress.net)
  • Russia has levelled allegations since March that programmes in Ukraine sponsored by the US Defense Department were in violation of the Biological Weapons Convention. (pigprogress.net)
  • The potential use for T-2 mycotoxin as a biological weapon was later realized in Orenburg, Russia, during World War II when civilians consumed wheat that was unintentionally contaminated with the Fusarium fungi. (medscape.com)
  • Documents captured by Russia have allegedly uncovered the existence of programs the components of which could be construed as having offensive biological warfare applications. (blogspot.com)
  • All claims of war crimes must be thoroughly investigated, including Ukrainian allegations that Russia killed Ukrainian civilians in Bucha. (blogspot.com)
  • And I think they did actually kill quite a few American personnel because they're now kind of gathered in this long steel-reinforced building, where they have moved all of the biological or the active materials, and it's now under siege by Russia. (biologicalwarfare.com)
  • The Center for Military Technical Problems of Biological Defense of the Scientific Research of Microbiology in Ekaterinburg, Russia, in 2015. (wariscrime.com)
  • said Raymond Zilinskas, a chemical and biological weapons expert with the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies in Monterey, Calif. In a newly released book , Biosecurity in Putin's Russia , Zilinskas and co-author Philippe Mauger analyze hundreds of contract documents and other records that show a surge in Russian research interest in subjects ranging from genetically modified pathogens to nonlethal chemical weapons used for crowd control. (wariscrime.com)
  • The research by Zilinskas and Mauger appears to bear out long-held concerns by the State Department, which has sharply criticized Russia in recent years over a lack of transparency in its military-related biological and chemical research. (wariscrime.com)
  • White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki called Russia and China's claims of the U.S. having a global network of research facilities for biological weapons "preposterous. (naturalnews.com)
  • Now that Russia has made these false claims, and China has seemingly endorsed this propaganda, we should all be on the lookout for Russia to possibly use chemical or biological weapons in Ukraine, or to create a false flag operation using them," said Psaki. (naturalnews.com)
  • The award honors Meselson's leading role in the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), an international treaty that not only affirmed the existing ban on the use of biological weapons, but also banned the production, stockpiling, and offensive research into biological weapons. (belfercenter.org)
  • In fact, Boyle was the one who called for biowarfare legislation at the Biological Weapons Convention of 1972, and the one who drafted the Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989, which was passed unanimously by both houses of Congress and signed into law by George Bush Sr. (oorainbowoo.net)
  • Producing biological weapons with predictable, significant effects - as opposed to crude opportunistic efforts to spread pathogens - remains a complex feat. Most of the world's nations eventually renounced these capabilities and joined the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) . (unidir.org)
  • The US Army regularly produces deadly viruses, bacteria and toxins in direct violation of the UN Convention on the prohibition of Biological Weapons. (dilyana.bg)
  • The clandestine CIA-Battelle operation was omitted from the US Biological Weapons Convention declarations submitted to the UN. (dilyana.bg)
  • He also claimed Cuba had "provided dual-use biotechnology to other rogue states," and called on Cuba to "fully comply with all of its obligations under the Biological Weapons Convention" (BWC). (internationalist.org)
  • The United States is in full compliance with its obligations under the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Biological Weapons Convention and does not develop or possess such weapons anywhere. (naturalnews.com)
  • The United Nations' Biological Weapons Convention prohibits the development, production, acquisition, transfer, stockpiling and use of biological and toxin weapons. (naturalnews.com)
  • Also, anything Americans bring into a nation, including biological pathogens, is considered as diplomatic content and thus not subject to search or examination. (moonofshanghai.com)
  • The Hindustan Times report reveals that the illegal research was uncovered after the coronavirus panic prompted the Indian government to order a review of biological weapons grade pathogens in the country. (theinternationalforecaster.com)
  • Russia's false claims about the biolabs quickly raised concerns that it might be preparing to attack Ukraine with biological weapons, and laying the groundwork to blame Ukraine, the U.S. and possibly NATO for the attacks. (wskg.org)
  • Amid false Russian allegations of US "biolabs" in Ukraine, it's worth asking: What is a bioweapon? (thebulletin.org)
  • Soon after Russia's Feb. 24 invasion of Ukraine, its U.N. ambassador, Vassily Nebenzia, claimed that secret American labs in Ukraine were engaged in biological warfare - a charge denied by the U.S. and Ukraine. (hawaiinewsnow.com)
  • The US and Ukraine have consistently refuted the allegations. (pigprogress.net)
  • Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu made an unsubstantiated allegation that Ukraine was preparing to launch a so-called dirty bomb . (hawaiinewsnow.com)
  • It was a lurid and difficult to believe claim: that Ukraine was developing biological weapons with the assistance of the U.S. government. (wskg.org)
  • Both the U.S. and Ukraine have also signed a treaty vowing never to produce or use biological weapons. (wskg.org)
  • The Kremlin is intentionally spreading outright lies that the United States and Ukraine are conducting chemical and biological weapons activities," U.S. State Department spokesperson Ned Price said earlier this month. (wskg.org)
  • Earlier this month, the Russian ambassador to the United Nations all but accused the United States and Ukraine of having biological weapons. (thebulletin.org)
  • At the heart of the allegations are dozens of labs in Ukraine. (thebulletin.org)
  • We are not developing biological or chemical weapons inside Ukraine," said Kirby. (naturalnews.com)
  • According to her testimony: "Ukraine has biological research facilities, which in fact we are now quite concerned Russian troops, Russian forces may be seeking to gain control of. (naturalnews.com)
  • The U.N. Security Council held closed-door consultations Tuesday about the dirty-bomb allegations at Russia's request. (hawaiinewsnow.com)
  • The U.N. Security Council was scheduled to hold closed-door consultations about the dirty-bomb allegations later Tuesday at Russia's request. (kztv10.com)
  • [ 3 ] T-2 mycotoxin is the most extensively studied of the trichothecenes, and, according to current declassified literature, it is the only mycotoxin known to have been used as a biological weapon. (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, it is the only potential biological weapon agent that can be absorbed through intact skin causing systemic toxicity. (medscape.com)
  • This process will kill most of the bacteria or viruses in a biological weapon once it's being disseminated. (thebulletin.org)
  • You wouldn't purposefully develop a biological weapon that is highly contagious that could cause a pandemic because that will affect your country along with everyone else," Koblentz said. (thebulletin.org)
  • Home » Health » SARS-CoV-2 - A Biological Warfare Weapon? (oorainbowoo.net)
  • Exactly what Putin meant - and how any "genetic" weapon could square with international treaties outlawing chemical and biological warfare - remains uncertain. (wariscrime.com)
  • Allegations that the United States military used biological weapons in the Korean War (June 1950 - July 1953) were raised by the governments of the People's Republic of China, the Soviet Union, and North Korea. (wikipedia.org)
  • On 30 June 1950, soon after the outbreak of the Korean War, the US Defense Secretary George Marshall received the Report of the Committee on Chemical, Biological and Radiological Warfare and Recommendations, which advocated urgent development of a biological weapons program. (wikipedia.org)
  • The article by Peter Barss is a valuable contribution to the existing literature on the investigation of the use of chemical, biological, or toxin weapons (CBW). (cambridge.org)
  • Japan's infamous Unit 731 conducted grotesque experiments on prisoners to assess the effects of biological agents like the bacteria that causes cholera, including dissections on living, unanesthetized people. (thebulletin.org)
  • Through an examination of testimony from the Soviet Union's Khabarovsk War Crime Trials, this paper argues that Unit 731's inoculation and airborne warfare experiments on prisoners of war were scientifically rigorous. (bvsalud.org)
  • On 22 February 1952, North Korean Foreign Minister Pak Hon-yong made a formal allegation that American planes had been dropping infected insects onto North Korea. (wikipedia.org)
  • In February 1953, China and North Korea produced two captured US Marine Corps pilots to support the allegations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Response of USSR to false allegations that Americans used biological weapons in North Korea calls for both dismissal of V.N. Razuvaev from his posts as Ambassador of the USSR to the DPRK and military adviser and the commission of Molotov to address the allegations and send his resultant report to Mao Zedong and Kim Il Sung. (wilsoncenter.org)
  • WINPAC was set up in 2001 to replace the CIA's Nonproliferation Center or NPC (1991-2001), where a staff of 100 CIA analysts collected possible evidence of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons development to support U.S. information warfare, sanctions and ultimately regime change policies against Iraq, Iran, North Korea, Libya and other U.S. enemies. (nationofchange.org)
  • A cover sheet verifying that the allegations of the United States used biological weapons in Korea were discussed at the CPSU Presidium on 24 April 1953. (wilsoncenter.org)
  • The Soviet Union vetoed the American resolution due to extensive US influence inside the Red Cross, and, along with its allies, continued to insist on the veracity of the biological warfare accusations. (wikipedia.org)
  • While accusations of biological warfare by Cuba are utterly bogus, a typical Cold War "disinformation" campaign, the United States government has a long history of using biological and chemical warfare against the Caribbean island nation . (internationalist.org)
  • It is either Covid-19 is associated with G5 network and all the superpower competition between China and US, some biological warfare, politics of vaccine targeted at population control, to the ridiculous issue of distrust and allegations of strategy to divert public resources by political office holders in the country. (nigeriatimes.ng)
  • 183 States have ratified the BWC, which prohibits the development, production, acquisition and use of biological weapons. (unidir.org)
  • The 1925 Geneva Protocol, which bans the wartime use of chemical and also biological weapons, was an emphatic reaction to the use of chemical weapons in World War I, but legal institutions that would sanction violations of the treaty have evolved only with difficulty. (springer.com)
  • But the postwar record of Japanese discussions of wartime biological warfare experiments reveals an impressive level of public exposure that, in some ways, surpasses American discussions of its own wartime past. (apjjf.org)
  • What is the actual record of postwar Japanese discussions of wartime biological warfare (BW) experiments? (apjjf.org)
  • The 1925 Geneva Protocol, an international treaty that the United States had never ratified, did prohibit the use of chemical and biological weapons in international conflicts. (belfercenter.org)
  • In fact, U.S. assistance to Ukrainian biological labs has been targeted at strengthening public health measures . (wskg.org)
  • The Pentagon denies any biological weapons program, but admits biological research programs on Ukrainian soil. (blogspot.com)
  • What do you make of allegations in Western media that Russian troops committed war crimes in Bucha and other Ukrainian cities? (blogspot.com)
  • Both locations are available for detailed forensic examination that would either confirm or refute Ukrainian allegations that these locations were struck by Russian aerial bombs. (blogspot.com)
  • Russian Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Maria Vladimirovna Zakharova earlier said the Kremlin has discovered that Ukrainian forces are attempting to cover up evidence of "military biological programs. (naturalnews.com)
  • Colonel Frank Schwable was reported to have stated that: "The basic objective was at that time to get under field conditions various elements of bacteriological warfare and possibly expand field tests at a later date into an element of regular combat operations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Importantly, understanding how the human body reacted to the virus will also produce a more virulent form of virus for biological warfare. (theinternationalforecaster.com)
  • The trailers had canvas exteriors, which would have resulted in considerable downwind contamination had they been used to handle virulent biological agents. (newrepublic.com)
  • Clearly, the same strategy applies to biological warfare, this capability enhanced by the fact that much of US military bio-weapons research, unethical and illegal as it is, remains undisclosed to both the US Congress and to local authorities despite its being exceedingly dangerous. (moonofshanghai.com)
  • The U.S. government, which is fully aware of the existence of a chemical warfare agent production capability in the former Yugoslavia, has yet to make this information public. (unexplainable.net)
  • 5 It is clear that significant efforts and skills are needed to carry out large scale biological terrorist attacks. (medicosecuador.com)
  • That's because Bacillus anthracis forms a spore that can be aerosolized and spread through the air, the main way to deliver a large-scale biological attack. (thebulletin.org)
  • The CIA later admitted that during the 1960s it undertook clandestine anti-crop warfare "research" targeting a number of countries under its MK-ULTRA program, but claimed its records had been destroyed. (internationalist.org)
  • It is proposed that the established epidemiologic framework normally used for investigation of civilian epidemics can usefully be adapted to provide a more structured approach to future investigations of allegations of chemical, biological, or toxin warfare. (cambridge.org)
  • This is the first time the U.S. has charged Cuba with developing chemical/biological arms. (internationalist.org)
  • Unlike most biological toxins that do not affect the skin, T-2 mycotoxin is a potent active dermal irritant. (medscape.com)
  • Unlike the history of conventional weapons and terrorism, the history of biological warfare is confounded by several factors including 1) difficulties confirming allegations of biological attacks 2) lack of reliable microbiological and epidemiological data 3) the use of allegations of biological attack for propaganda and 4) secrecy surrounding biological weapons program. (medicosecuador.com)
  • This step could dampen the effects of biological weapons should they ever be used. (unidir.org)
  • What's not well known is that they actually integrated their use of biological weapons with their conventional military operations in China," Koblentz said. (thebulletin.org)
  • It should be apparent that the launching of bio-warfare, as with conventional warfare, is considerably eased by locating military bases and offensive weapons and delivery systems as physically close as possible to one's potential enemies. (moonofshanghai.com)
  • WINPAC uses the U.S.'s satellite, electronic surveillance and international spy networks to generate material to feed to U.N. agencies like UNSCOM, UNMOVIC, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), who are charged with overseeing the non-proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. (nationofchange.org)
  • UNMOVIC and the IAEA told the U.N. Security Council in 2002-3 they could find no evidence to support U.S. allegations of illegal weapons development in Iraq. (nationofchange.org)
  • George Mason University Professor Greg Koblentz, the director of the school's biodefense graduate program, said the bacterium that causes anthrax infection has been the most commonly studied biological agent in modern biowarfare programs. (thebulletin.org)
  • Until the end of World War II, Japan operated a covert biological and chemical warfare research and development unit called Unit 731 in Harbin (now China). (wikipedia.org)
  • An important example of a legal failure to support the protocol occurred at the 1946-1948 International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE), just when it might be expected that Imperial Japan would be charged for its chemical and biological warfare (CBW) waged against China from the late 1930s into World War II. (springer.com)
  • Between 1932 and 1945, special Japanese units in China subjected thousands of Chinese, Korean, Mongolian, Russian, and American prisoners of war to a range of experimentation aimed at developing new techniques in medical treatment and biological warfare. (apjjf.org)
  • Second , states need to strengthen the international prohibition against biological weapons. (unidir.org)
  • The use of chemical weapons is prohibited under the 1925 Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and Bacteriological Methods of Warfare (Geneva Protocol). (unexplainable.net)
  • What is the history of biological warfare? (thebulletin.org)
  • Much of the history of war in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was shaped by the great tension between advanced mechanized warfare and the idealistic ventures that arose to stop its mounting catastrophic impact. (springer.com)
  • The history of biological weapons use: what we know and what we don't. (cdc.gov)
  • Schnacke's sworn statement directly contradicts the writings of Cold War scholar Milton Leitenberg, who as recently as 2016 in the pages of a monograph for the Wilson Center's Cold War International History Project, assured readers, "After 1945, the United States neither produced nor procured any biological munitions until the end of 1951. (medium.com)
  • The "scientific research" into animal and human diseases it claims to be carrying out is merely a front for developing new biological strains, viruses and bacteria, and then testing them on the Georgian population and the agricultural industry, without asking for consent. (veteranstoday.com)
  • There are numerous other instances of the use of plant toxins, venoms, and other poisonous substances to create biological weapons in antiquity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Britain's deputy U.N. ambassador James Kariuki told reporters after the meeting that "we've seen and heard no new evidence" and the U.K., France and the U.S. made clear "this is a transparently false allegation" and "pure Russian misinformation. (hawaiinewsnow.com)
  • In 1940 Fildes was put in charge of a newly created department, the Biology Department, Porton (BDP) at Porton Down to study the defensive implications of a bacterial attack and there built up a team of microbiologists to study the use of biological weapons, including anthrax and botulinum toxin. (truthbits.blog)
  • The devastating impact of COVID-19 may inspire some States to consider the development of biological weapons in the future. (unidir.org)
  • Battelle conducts research, development, testing , and evaluation using both highly toxic chemicals and highly pathogenic biological agents for a wide range of US government agencies . (dilyana.bg)
  • In May 2002, the U.S. undersecretary of state for arms control, John Bolton, made a speech at the ultra-conservative Heritage Foundation accusing Cuba of having "at least a limited offensive biological warfare research and development effort. (internationalist.org)
  • The Japanese Imperial Army Unit 731's Biological Warfare (BW) research program committed atrocious crimes against humanity in their pursuit of biological weapons development during the Second World War. (bvsalud.org)
  • U.S. forces had turned up no weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in Iraq, raising the specter of gross misjudgment on the part of the U.S. intelligence community and allegations of presidential dishonesty. (newrepublic.com)
  • But, that day, the CIA announced that two trailers found in northern Iraq the previous month were actually mobile biological-agent production facilities. (newrepublic.com)
  • Coalition forces have uncovered the strongest evidence to date that Iraq was hiding a biological warfare program," the CIA declared in a white paper immediately posted on its website. (newrepublic.com)
  • But the document was written months before the NIE it claimed to summarize and contained fantastic claims that were nowhere to be found in the NIE, such as that the CIA knew of 550 specific sites in Iraq where chemical and biological weapons were stored. (nationofchange.org)
  • But since Iraq destroyed all its banned weapons in 1991, they have found no confirming evidence that either Iraq or Iran has taken steps to acquire nuclear, chemical or biological weapons. (nationofchange.org)
  • Third, the United Nations needs geographically representative teams of trained, technically competent experts capable of investigating biological weapons allegations and suspicious outbreaks of disease - even on the territories of the Security Council's permanent five members, if necessary. (unidir.org)
  • Dr. Matthew S. Meselson, Harvard University's Thomas Dudley Cabot Professor of the Natural Sciences and co-Director of the Harvard Sussex Program on Chemical and Biological Weapons, received the $50,000 Future of Life Award at a ceremony at the University of Boulder's Conference on World Affairs on April 9, 2019. (belfercenter.org)
  • For some reason, the US CDC was secretly funding a research program into a highly dangerous weapons-grade biological pathogen at an under-qualified research facility in India. (theinternationalforecaster.com)
  • Danish historian Karl-Erik Frandsen conducted a careful study of the plague outbreak affecting the Baltic area during 1709-1713 and found no evidence to support this allegation ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Which countries have had biological weapons programs? (thebulletin.org)
  • During the Cold War, several major military powers including the United States and the Soviet Union invested considerable resources in biological weapons programs. (unidir.org)
  • US Army Activities in the US , Biological Warfare Programs, vol. (dilyana.bg)
  • If a biological lab experiences an accidental or deliberate leak and poisons and kills hundreds of local citizens, the government can do nothing but file a protest with the US Embassy. (moonofshanghai.com)
  • While larger amounts of T-2 toxin is required for a lethal dose than for other chemical warfare agents such as VX, soman, or sarin, its potent effect as a blistering agent is well noted. (medscape.com)
  • According to CH2M Hill, the US Company has secured biological agents and employed former bio warfare scientists at The Lugar Center. (dilyana.bg)
  • Allegations about the lab are disseminated through a wide variety of media outlets, in the Russian, English and Georgian languages, feeding suspicion and distrust as they are picked up and recycled through social media. (codastory.com)
  • Since the start of Putin's second term, a construction boom has been underway at more than two dozen institutes that were once part of the Soviet Union's biological and chemical weapons establishment, according to Russian documents and photos compiled by independent researchers. (wariscrime.com)
  • But the effort has come under increased scrutiny in the wake of allegations of Moscow's involvement in the poisoning of a former Russian spy and his daughter in Britain. (wariscrime.com)