Alkylating chemotherapy. Medical search. Frequent questions

Dose escalation above the starting doses in case of good patient's chemotherapy tolerability applies simultaneously to etoposide, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. (wikipedia.org)
Dose de-escalation below the starting doses in case of poor patient's chemotherapy tolerability applies to cyclophosphamide only. (wikipedia.org)
Some examples of alkylating agents are cyclophosphamide , melphalan , and temozolomide . (webmd.com)
Cytoxan (also known as cyclophosphamide) is part of a group of chemo medicines called alkylating agents. (kidshealth.org)
More than 60 years ago, British physician Denis Parsons Burkitt and his associates achieved one of the signal successes in cancer medicine when they cured children in sub-Saharan Africa with a form of lymphoma by treating them with high doses of the chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide. (medindia.net)
At high doses, cyclophosphamide and other alkylating agents blur the line between chemotherapy and immunotherapy. (medindia.net)
The discovery resolves long-standing questions about how cyclophosphamide and other alkylating agents - among the oldest and most widely used types of chemotherapy - work, and suggests a novel way of sparking an immune system strike on certain cancers. (medindia.net)
Our results show that, at high doses, cyclophosphamide and other alkylating agents blur the line between chemotherapy and immunotherapy," said Dana-Farber's David Weinstock, MD, the senior author of the study. (medindia.net)
Cyclophosphamide and other alkylating agents are now used at lower doses to treat many types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and pediatric cancers. (medindia.net)
Although high doses of cyclophosphamide and other alkylating agents may be too toxic for patients with diseases other than Burkitt lymphoma, researchers are investigating agents that mimic their ability to stress cancer cells, but with milder side effects. (medindia.net)
One of these (cyclophosphamide) is commonly used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs to treat breast cancer. (kingstonhospital.nhs.uk)
Alkylating agents , including chlorambucil (Leukeran) and cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). (cancercare.org)
Patients on treatment with rituximab (R) either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, including an alkylating agent (e.g. bendamustine [R-B] or cyclophosphamide, hydroxydoxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone [R-CHOP]) for relapsed indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (iNHL). (who.int)

Nevertheless, temozolomide remains the most commonly prescribed FDA-approved chemotherapy for GB. (nih.gov)
This protocol, consists of radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy with temozolomide, an alkylating agent. (scirp.org)
The standard of care for the treatment of GBM consists in maximal resection followed by radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) 3 . (nature.com)
Current standard of care involves maximal surgical resection followed by concurrent therapy with radiation and the DNA alkylating agent temozolomide. (bmj.com)
Current standard therapy consists of surgical removal of the tumor followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). (lu.se)

In some cases, people are treated with a single type of chemotherapy. (medlineplus.gov)
But often, people get more than one type of chemotherapy at a time. (medlineplus.gov)
Below we look at each type of chemotherapy in more detail, along with their potential side effects. (healthline.com)
They are called alkylating agents, the oldest type of chemotherapy. (webmd.com)
The likelihood of becoming infertile depends on the type of chemotherapy drugs used, the dose given and your age. (kingstonhospital.nhs.uk)

[10] In those with significant symptoms, chemotherapy , immunotherapy , or chemoimmunotherapy may be used. (wikipedia.org)
Extensive treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. (researchsquare.com)

There are many types of chemotherapy drugs, including alkylating agents and antimetabolites. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Severe immunosuppression can be due to a variety of conditions, including congenital immunodeficiency, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, leukemia, lymphoma, generalized malignancy or therapy with alkylating agents, antimetabolites, radiation, or large amounts of corticosteroids. (cdc.gov)

SUMMARY ANSWER: Female CCS carrying a common BR serine/threonine kinase 1 (BRSK1) gene variant appear to be at 2.5-fold increased odds of reduced ovarian function after treatment with high doses of alkylating chemotherapy. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
High doses of alkylating agents can potentially damage bone marrow, which can lead to leukemia . (healthline.com)
1. Dose intensity: The aim of chemotherapy is to administer the maximum possible doses at the shortest possible dosing interval (dose intensity). (vin.com)
Alkylating agents are more likely to affect the reproductive organs when given at higher doses. (kidshealth.org)
This hypothesis suggests that it is impossible for chemotherapy to eradicate all tumor cells and that we should treat with the highest tolerated doses (that are safe) given as frequently as is safe for the patient. (dvm360.com)

In limited-stage SCLC, the overall survival rate has been significantly improved by adding dose-hyperfractionated thoracic radiotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation to systemic chemotherapy. (ersjournals.com)
This staging system was used to select the appropriate treatment regimen: chemotherapy in combination with thoracic radiotherapy in patients with LS-SCLC, and chemotherapy alone in patients with ES-SCLC. (ersjournals.com)

Alkylating chemotherapy agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
STUDY QUESTION: Do genetic variations in the DNA damage response pathway modify the adverse effect of alkylating agents on ovarian function in female childhood cancer survivors (CCS)? (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
According to the National Cancer Institute , alkylating agents are the most common category of drugs used in chemotherapy today. (healthline.com)
Alkylating agents damage the DNA of cancer cells and prevent them from dividing. (healthline.com)
Alkylating agents can be used for most types of cancers but are generally best at treating slow-growing cancers. (healthline.com)
DNA-damaging agents (antineoplastics) and alkylating agents react with DNA to change it chemically and keep it from allowing cell growth. (lls.org)
Chemotherapy agents (e.g. (fpnotebook.com)
The chemotherapy market includes revenues earned by entities by providing corticosteroids and hormonal agents as chemotherapy drugs. (giiresearch.com)
Alkylating agents work by attaching chemical components called alkyl groups to cancer cells' DNA, leading to breaks in the DNA molecule. (medindia.net)
Importantly, alkylating agents induce DNA damage at different genomic sites, which subsequently leads to lethal and/or mutagenic DNA base lesions. (frontiersin.org)
Several alkylating agents are commonly used in chemotherapy but may induce DNA damage to cancer cells as well as normal cells. (frontiersin.org)
Based on alkylating mechanisms, these agents can be divided as SN1 and SN2. (frontiersin.org)
The chemotherapy drugs most likely to cause infertility are a group called alkylating agents. (kingstonhospital.nhs.uk)
Many anticancer drugs, such as platinum compounds, alkylating agents and nitrosoureas, cause direct damage to the structural integrity of the DNA, and resistance to these compounds results from activation of DNA repair systems. (nature.com)
[ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)
ethylene Monographs , a review was undertak icals and other agents that may oxide (in 1994), based on strong ev en during 2008-2009 of relevant in pre sent carcinogenic hazards to idence of genotoxicity and limited formation on all the agents classified humans. (who.int)
Nitrogen mustards are vesicants and alkylating agents. (cdc.gov)

Each dose of chemotherapy kills a constant fraction of the tumor cells. (dvm360.com)

EPOCH is an intensive chemotherapy regimen intended for treatment of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (wikipedia.org)
Vivimusta (bendamustine hydrochloride injection) is an alkylating drug indicated for treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen. (rxlist.com)
Gilman and co-workers were the first to introduce chemotherapy into clinical practice at the end of the Second World War when they used nitrogen mustard to treat a patient with advanced malignant lymphoma. (nature.com)

This table shows which cancers these types of chemotherapy are typically used for. (healthline.com)
Radiation therapy and some types of chemotherapy have the strongest links to second cancers. (cancer.net)
Common risk factors for developing MDS include advanced age, male gender, and antecedent exposure to chemotherapy or radiation as treatment for other cancers, which alone accounts for 10% of MDS cases. (jnccn.org)

2. Remission status: The clinical measurements of the tumor response to cancer chemotherapy are useful for predicting the impact of treatment on the extent of disease or time interval of tumor control. (vin.com)
This is a very different approach from that taken by pioneer chemotherapists in Africa, where it was felt that the host response provided an important part of therapy, and too much chemotherapy could, by abrogating immunological defences against the tumor, lead to a negative result. (hindawi.com)
However, GBM, a very aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis even after surgery and radio-chemotherapy, invariably recurs and leads to patient death. (nature.com)
Goals of chemotherapy: tumor control, prolonged survival, maintain quality of life. (dvm360.com)
As a tumor grows, these mutations can make the cells resistant to chemotherapy, even without exposure to chemotherapy. (dvm360.com)

Chemotherapy drugs can kill cancerous cells through several mechanisms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The extremely low 5-year overall survival of patients is, in part, due to pancreatic cancer cells having several mechanisms of resistance to different chemotherapeutic treatments, one of which is their capacity to efficiently repair alkylating agent-induced DNA damage. (frontiersin.org)
There are many mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy. (dvm360.com)

Below are the seven main types of chemotherapy, the types of cancer they treat, and examples. (medlineplus.gov)
There are several main types of chemotherapy drugs that doctors use to target different types of cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Treatment includes plasma exchange as needed for hyperviscosity and systemic therapy with alkylating drugs, corticosteroids, nucleoside analogs, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, venetoclax , or monoclonal antibodies. (merckmanuals.com)

Chemotherapy can be effective either on its own or with other treatments. (healthline.com)
Chemotherapy may be used as the primary treatment for your cancer, or it may be used to prepare you for other treatments such as radiation therapy or surgery. (healthline.com)
Chemotherapy is one of the most common treatments for cancer. (webmd.com)
Chemotherapy , radiation therapy , and other treatments can be very effective at doing their job. (kidshealth.org)
Targeted therapy treatments are meant to spare healthy tissues and cause fewer side effects than chemotherapy. (cancercare.org)

More than half of the people who receive chemotherapy experience at least one side effect. (healthline.com)
Most people receive chemotherapy drugs through an injection or infusion. (medicalnewstoday.com)

There are more than 100 different chemotherapy drugs. (medlineplus.gov)
Because there are so many different chemotherapy medicines, it's best to ask your doctor or nurse if the ones you are taking put you at risk for fertility problems. (kidshealth.org)

One type of alkylating agent -- platinum drugs like carboplatin , cisplatin , or oxaliplatin -- has a lower risk of causing leukemia. (webmd.com)
BHPC was performed by combining perfusion-based hyperthermia with chemotherapeutic agent mitomycin C (MMC) in the bladder, and the chemotherapy group of patients received bladder MMC perfusion. (spandidos-publications.com)
Mitomycin C (MMC) as an alkylating cytostatic agent is commonly used to treat NMIBC. (spandidos-publications.com)
Using an E. coli strain deficient with ALKB, we found that ALKBH6 complements ALKB deficiency and increases resistance after alkylating agent treatment. (frontiersin.org)
In particular, the loss of ALKBH6 in human pancreatic cancer cells increases alkylating agent-induced DNA damage and significantly decreases cell survival. (frontiersin.org)
Bendamustine hydrochloride is an alkylating agent. (rxlist.com)
Bendamustine (Treanda) , an alkylating agent that has some of the same properties as purine analogs. (cancercare.org)

When chemotherapy is initiated, the nucleoside analogue fludarabine is the most commonly used first-line therapy in CLL. (medscape.com)

It is indicated as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic carcinoma of the cervix. (medscape.com)

Chemotherapy should be administered in conjunction with radiation therapy to most patients with stage IB (high-risk) to stage IVA cervical cancer. (medscape.com)
Participants should have progressive disease after prior radiation therapy and one prior line of alkylating chemotherapy for their disease. (astrazenecaclinicaltrials.com)

Indicated for treatment of recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer with disease progression on or after chemotherapy whose tumors express PD-L1 (CPS 1 or greater) as determined by an FDA-approved test. (medscape.com)
Since actively dividing cells are more sensitive to DNA damage and damage to cellular processes, chemotherapy is more effective in rapidly growing tumors. (dvm360.com)
According to Gompertzian growth kinetics, microscopic or small tumors are more likely to be rapidly growing and therefore more sensitive to chemotherapy. (dvm360.com)
Consequently, chemotherapy is not as effective for bulky tumors as for microscopic disease. (dvm360.com)

Participants who have received prior platinum-based chemotherapy as neo-adjuvant/adjuvant treatment are eligible provided at least 12 months have elapsed between the last dose of platinum-based treatment and first dose of study intervention. (astrazenecaclinicaltrials.com)
The presence of ctDNA was strongly associated with recurrence before and after surgery, after adjuvant chemotherapy, and during longitudinal monitoring. (cdc.gov)

Recently it has become a focus of interest, in treatment of Glioblastoma along with different forms of radiation and chemotherapy. (scirp.org)

How chemotherapy drugs work. (medlineplus.gov)
One 2017 study showed that the FDA approved at least 150 chemotherapy drugs to treat cancer. (healthline.com)
Chemotherapy drugs are broadly classified based on their mode of action. (healthline.com)
Chemotherapy drugs work by disrupting cell growth . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Chemotherapy drugs are unable to differentiate between healthy and cancerous cells, which can cause side effects during treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Doctors take into account the person's overall health when deciding the number and dosage of chemotherapy drugs to recommend. (medicalnewstoday.com)
You might also take newer kinds of cancer-fighting drugs along with chemotherapy. (webmd.com)
Chemotherapy drugs help destroy, shrink, or control those cells. (webmd.com)
Chemotherapy drugs work in a few different ways. (webmd.com)
There are dozens of chemotherapy drugs that doctors can prescribe. (webmd.com)
It is important to keep a record of the cancer treatment, including a list of specific chemotherapy drugs or other medications, you or your child received. (cancer.net)
The effect of some other chemotherapy drugs, such as taxanes (docetaxel and paclitaxel), on fertility hasn't been as widely studied, but evidence suggests they'll also have a negative effect on fertility. (kingstonhospital.nhs.uk)
Chemotherapy drugs, given intravenously (through a needle into a vein) or in pill form, can kill cancer cells. (cancercare.org)
Chemotherapy treatment often combines two or more drugs, as this seems to be a more effective approach than administering one drug alone. (cancercare.org)

Although, the recurrence rate of NMIBC is significantly decreased by TUR in combination with intravesical chemotherapy, the rate of cancer progression is not diminished ( 7 - 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Participants who have received platinum chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer are eligible to enter the study provided there has been no evidence of disease progression during the platinum chemotherapy. (astrazenecaclinicaltrials.com)
Patients with early-stage CLL are not treated with chemotherapy until they become symptomatic or display evidence of rapid progression of disease. (medscape.com)
Chemotherapy is not needed in CLL until patients become symptomatic or display evidence of rapid progression of disease. (medscape.com)

Chemotherapy is a chemical drug therapy that's often used to destroy cancer cells in your body. (healthline.com)
Doctors only use chemotherapy for prostate cancer if it spreads outside of the prostate and if hormone therapy is unsuccessful. (medicalnewstoday.com)
First-line therapy in ES-SCLC currently consists of chemotherapy, combining a platinum drug with either etoposide or irinotecan as a possible alternative. (ersjournals.com)
Nonetheless, today, most patients with BL can be cured with intensive conventional chemotherapy by accepting the fact that some will be over-treated, but directing research towards trying to identify such patients and minimizing therapy to the extent possible. (hindawi.com)
Between December 2006 and December 2014, 53 patients with NMIBC who underwent TUR were randomly assigned to receive BHPC (BHPC group, 28 patients) or intravesical chemotherapy alone (chemotherapy group, 25 patients) at the Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center of Guangzhou Medical University Cancer Hospital (Guangzhou, China). (spandidos-publications.com)

The generation of cellular models of drug resistance has been pivotal in unravelling the main effectors of resistance to traditional chemotherapy at the molecular level (i.e. intracellular drug inactivation, detoxifying systems, defects in DNA repair, apoptosis evasion, membrane transporters and cell adhesion). (nature.com)
Since then, chemotherapy has been one of the main therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment, but, to paraphrase Paul Ehrlich, resistance has followed as a faithful shadow. (nature.com)

Other chemotherapy medicines and combinations of medicines also may affect your fertility. (kidshealth.org)
Even if your periods return after chemotherapy, it doesn't necessarily mean your fertility has been unaffected. (kingstonhospital.nhs.uk)

The first-line treatment of ES-SCLC currently consists of chemotherapy with a platinum derivative and etoposide, a combination that was first reported to be effective in the treatment of SCLC in 1985 8 , 9 . (ersjournals.com)

Anthracycline chemotherapy attacks the enzymes inside cancer cells' DNA that help them divide and grow. (webmd.com)

If left untreated, patients with SCLC rarely survive longer than a few months 5 , but chemotherapy dramatically prolongs survival compared to the best supportive care 6 . (ersjournals.com)

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Female CCS show large inter-individual variability in the impact of DNA-damaging alkylating chemotherapy, given as treatment of childhood cancer, on adult ovarian function. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
Chemotherapy is one treatment option that involves receiving medication that keeps cancer cells from spreading. (healthline.com)
This article discusses some of the most common chemotherapy medications for use during cancer treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Doctors administer chemotherapy in cycles of treatment and recovery. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It has been shown to be an effective approach after initial treatment with chemotherapy. (cancercare.org)
Chemotherapy has long been an effective treatment for CLL, and is still considered in specific circumstances. (cancercare.org)

The following sections look at some common chemotherapy medications for each common type of cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Patients who have received prior chemotherapy should be given a lower dose initially. (medscape.com)
This has important clinical implications as, in contrast to advanced-stage NSCLC, chemotherapy can also be offered to patients with SCLC and a poor or bad performance status (World Health Organization performance status of 2-3), since a rapid amelioration of the patient's symptoms and general condition can be expected together with an improved outcome 7 . (ersjournals.com)

As SCLC is a very chemosensitive tumour, rapid responses, with symptomatic improvement, are often seen with chemotherapy. (ersjournals.com)

Some types of chemotherapy damage the genetic material inside the cell that tells it how to copy or repair itself. (medlineplus.gov)
More likely than other types of chemotherapy to cause painful nerve damage. (medlineplus.gov)
Keep reading as we break down the different types of chemotherapies used to treat cancer, and what to expect in terms of side effects. (healthline.com)
What are the different types of chemotherapy? (healthline.com)

Chemotherapy kills cancer cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Standard chemotherapy works by killing cancer cells and some normal cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Healthy cells typically rebound from the effects of chemotherapy, but cancer cells usually do not. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Here, we tested whether ALKBH6 plays a significant role in preventing alkylating DNA damage and decreasing genomic instability in pancreatic cancer cells. (frontiersin.org)

Bladder intracavitary hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy (BHPC), the combination of local hyperthermia with chemotherapy, can significantly improve the effect of intracavity chemotherapy, and is reported to have an additive or supra-additive effect, preventing NMIBC recurrence post-TUR ( 13 - 16 , 18 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The caution includes things that differ from typical chemotherapy side effects . (medlineplus.gov)
Chemotherapy can cause several side effects , some of which can be serious. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Some chemotherapy medicines are more likely to lead to infertility than others. (kidshealth.org)
Chemotherapy can cause infertility in women who haven't been through the menopause. (kingstonhospital.nhs.uk)

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Phenomena and Processes2

Information Science1

Health Care4

Cyclophosphamide13

Temozolomide5

Type of chemotherapy5

Immunotherapy2

Antimetabolites2

Doses5

Radiotherapy2

Agents17

Dose of chemotherapy1

Lymphoma3

Cancers3

Tumor5

Mechanisms3

Main types of chemotherapy2

Inhibitors1

Treatments5

Receive chemotherapy2

Different chemotherapy2

Agent7

Commonly1

Regimen1

Radiation therapy2

Tumors4

Adjuvant2

GLIOBLASTOMA1

Drugs14

Progression4

Therapy5

Resistance2

Fertility2

Etoposide1

Anthracycline1

Survival1

Treatment6

Medications1

Patients2

Symptomatic1

Types4

Cancer cells4

Combination1

Side effects2

Infertility2