Alkali metal ion. Medical search. Frequent questions

The combination of these measurements with analogous literature data for RbF(aq) and M'Cl(aq) (M' = Li, Na, K, and Cs) made possible a systematic analysis of the hydration of F- and the alkali metal cations. (uni-regensburg.de)
Pristine NPG can bind effectively K + cations but cannot sufficiently bind the other metal cations strongly, which is a prerequisite of an efficient anode material. (acs.org)
Of the considered systems, the S-doped NPG (S-NPG) binds the metal cations most strongly with binding energies of −3.87 (Li), −3.28 (Na), −3.37 (K), −3.68 (Mg), and −4.97 (Ca) eV, followed by P-NPG, O-NPG, B-NPG, and N-NPG. (acs.org)
Of the substituted NPG systems, O-substituted NPG exhibits the strongest metal binding with binding energies of −3.30 (Li), −2.62 (Na), −2.89 (K), −1.67 (Mg), and −3.40 eV (Ca). Bader charge analysis and Roby-Gould bond indices show that a significant amount of charge is transferred from the metal cations to the functionalized NPG monolayers. (acs.org)
Electronic properties were studied by density of states plots, and all the systems were found to be metallic upon the introduction of metal cations. (acs.org)
2009, 48 , 3129) describes the formation, in an aqueous mixture, of unusual clam-like species in which alkali metal cations are bound within the cavity formed between a pair of hydrogen-bonded, shell-like, cyclotricatechylene ions. (chemistryworld.com)
Numerous earlier crystallographic studies had unambiguously indicated the binding of alkali metal cations in calixarene cavities. (chemistryworld.com)
We stand by our claim that the formation in aqueous media of products in which bare alkali-metal cations are surrounded only by aromatic surfaces is unusual. (chemistryworld.com)
Ion exchange with divalent cations (Cu, Mn, Zn, Ca and Sr) has also been shown to be possible, with phases showing altered XRD patterns and decomposition products. (bham.ac.uk)

A thorough analysis of M-O bond distances in solid alkali metal compounds with ligands binding through oxygen has been made from available structure databases. (nih.gov)
Based on these findings, the selective trapping of alkali metal ions can be achieved by precise control of the polyketone compounds. (hokudai.ac.jp)
The generation of cyclic compounds capable of selectively trapping target ions expands the possibilities for the development of polyketone-based catalysts and functional molecular materials. (hokudai.ac.jp)
These metallamacrocycles can be thought of as inorganic analogs of crown ethers, organic compounds that bind metal ions in the central cavity. (sru.edu)
Using certain organic compounds, known as ligands, and various metal ions, one can produce a wide variety of MCs with predictable geometries in quantitative yields. (sru.edu)
The three main families of cathode materials are the layered metal-oxides, polyanionic compounds, and Prussian blue analogs (PBA). (idtechex.com)

The permanganates of alkali and alkaline earth metals are powerful oxidizers. (medicalxpress.com)
Water particles break down into hydronium and hydrogen ions, which are attracted to the resulting alkaline ions and acid residues. (jonahweb.org)
Hydrogen sulphide and sulphides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals are soluble in water. (canada.ca)

The results of the LAXS and DDIR measurements show that the sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium ions all are weakly hydrated with only a single shell of water molecules. (nih.gov)
The influence of the rubidium and cesium ions on the water structure was found to be very weak, and it was not possible to quantify this effect in a reliable way due to insufficient separation of the O-D stretching bands of partially deuterated water bound to these metal ions and the O-D stretching bands of the bulk water. (nih.gov)
The mean M-O bond distance in the hydrated sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium ions in aqueous solution have been determined to be 2.43(2), 2.81(1), 2.98(1) and 3.07(1) Å, which corresponds to six-, seven-, eight- and eight-coordination. (nih.gov)
The M-O bond distances in dimethyl sulfoxide solvated sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium ions in solution are very similar to those observed in aqueous solution. (nih.gov)
In of ion competition experiments, indicating that potassium, rubid- particular, the cryogenic temperatures used in all recent crys- ium, and cesium ions bind to the minor groove with similarly weak tallographic work may drastically shift the enthalpy-entropy affinity as sodium ions, whereas ammonium ion binding is some- balance of ion-water substitution. (lu.se)

This sequential CID/EID workflow generates sn-specific fragment ions allowing for the assignment of the sn-positions. (bvsalud.org)
Carbon-carbon double-bond (Câ C) positions are also localized along the fatty acyl tails by the presence of a 2 Da shift pattern in the fragment ions arising from carbon-carbon bond cleavages. (bvsalud.org)

That third layer, made of the conducting polymer, allows potassium ions to travel throughout the cathode, but restricts molecular oxygen from getting to the anode. (sciencedaily.com)
The extreme local pain is believed to result from calcium immobilization, which leads to nerve stimulation by shifting potassium ions. (medscape.com)

Manganese is an unregulated contaminant often found in drinking water, but safe levels of this metal are currently unknown, and prior research has indicated that overexposure to manganese may be harmful to children. (medicalxpress.com)
Pregnant women with lower concentrations of the trace mineral manganese or higher amounts of the metal cadmium in their blood may be more likely to develop preeclampsia, according to a new study. (medicalxpress.com)
As a free element, manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels. (medicalxpress.com)
Depending on their oxidation state, manganese ions have various colors and are used industrially as pigments. (medicalxpress.com)
Manganese(II) ions function as cofactors for a number of enzymes in higher organisms, where they are essential in detoxification of superoxide free radicals. (medicalxpress.com)
Na-ion cells can and do make use of low-cost materials in their electrodes, but this can also be true for Li-ion with LFP or manganese-based cathodes. (idtechex.com)

Zeolites are crystalline, hydrated aluminosilicates of alkali and earth metals that possess infinite, three-dimensional crystal structures. (scialert.net)
Monovalent ion exchange (with Na, K, Rb, Cs and Ag) gave complete and facile exchange of the host's hydrogen ions and gave crystalline products. (bham.ac.uk)
1983) (The claims were directed to a zeolite manufactured by mixing together various inorganic materials in solution and heating the resultant gel to form a crystalline metal silicate essentially free of alkali metal. (bitlaw.com)

The Inokuma group in ICReDD used cyclic polyketones with 1,3-diketone repeating units to bind alkali metal ions, and they found the binding ability was dependent on the ring size of the molecule. (hokudai.ac.jp)
The catalytic ability of the cyclic polyketone for this reaction was proportional its ion binding strength.Additionally, researchers found that modifying both ends of linear polyketones also resulted in an improved ability to bind alkali metal ions. (hokudai.ac.jp)

The hydration of the alkali metal ions in aqueous solution has been studied by large angle X-ray scattering (LAXS) and double difference infrared spectroscopy (DDIR). (nih.gov)
The smaller lithium ion is more strongly hydrated, most probably with a second hydration shell present. (nih.gov)
Unlike the other halide ions, F- was found to have a well-defined hydration shell which contains similar to 7 water molecules, consistent with the appearance of a "slow"-water mode at similar to 10 GHz in the spectra. (uni-regensburg.de)
However, the presence of ib water molecules in the hydration shells of Li+ and Na+ attenuates their further interaction with surrounding water molecules such that Z(s)(0)(M'(+)) approximate to 0 for both ions. (uni-regensburg.de)
Even Cl ions were found to substitute for ions to B -form DNA and its possible implications for DNA primary hydration waters in the minor groove (16). (lu.se)
Nevertheless, it has been argued on the basis of indirect the most widely used force fields directly incorporate polariza- crystallographic evidence that the primary solvation sites of the tion effects, which may be crucial for the energetics of ion-water so-called ``spine of hydration'' in the narrow minor groove of the substitution in the minor groove. (lu.se)

The wide electrochemical stability window of solid electrolyte may further enable the application of Li metal as anode and cathodes with even higher oxidization potential. (frontiersin.org)
These results suggest that functionalized NPG could be used as a global anode material for Li-, Na-, K-, Mg-, and Ca-ion batteries. (acs.org)
The cathode in the process of electrolysis attracts ions with a positive charge, and the anode - ions with a negative charge. (jonahweb.org)
In the section next to the anode, negative ions of chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus, and hydrogen ions are concentrated. (jonahweb.org)
Na-ion is probably the most prominent metal-ion battery chemistry outside of Li-ion, working via the same 'rocking chair' (where the alkali-ion shuttles from a non-metal anode to a cathode during discharge and vice versa during charge) principle of reversible cation intercalation, at a positive and negative electrode. (idtechex.com)
Materials can also be similar to Li-ion, with metal oxides often used as the cathode and carbon-based materials as the anode. (idtechex.com)

In this way, hydrofluoric acid acts as an alkali, causing liquefactive necrosis. (medscape.com)
Chemical injuries are commonly encountered following exposure to acids and alkali, including hydrofluoric acid (HF), formic acid, anhydrous ammonia, cement, and phenol. (medscape.com)

The sonication of green tuff and andesite suspensions at 200 kHz changed the pH to the isoelectric zone despite the pH buffering effect of eluted alkali earth metals, and successfully precipitated the particles. (nih.gov)

The structures of the dimethyl sulfoxide solvated alkali metal ions in solution have been determined to support the studies in aqueous solution. (nih.gov)
6. Z. Luz and B.L. Silver, NMR study of the exchange of phosphorus bonded hydrogen in dimethyl- and diethylphosphonate, catalyzed by acetate ion. (weizmann.ac.il)

However, the number of water molecules binding to the alkali metal ions is very difficult to determine from the LAXS measurements as the number of distances and the temperature factor are strongly correlated. (nih.gov)
Finding new molecules that can act as ion traps is important for catalysis, as well as applications that require ion adsorption or transportation. (hokudai.ac.jp)
Inspired by KcsA K + channel with size of ~5.6 Å and homogenous distribution of carbonyl oxygens, herein, MXene nanosheets and EDTA molecules are used as building blocks to construct artificial ion channel membranes with the right channel size, similar binding sites, and tunable charge density (Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
2T2) are not exclusively occupied by water molecules but are partly substituted by Na ions (5, 6). (lu.se)

Alkali substances are lipophilic and penetrate more rapidly than acids. (medscape.com)
Alkali substances can pass into the anterior chamber rapidly due to the inability to buffer alkali (within approximately 5-15 min), exposing the iris, ciliary body, lens, and trabecular network to further damage. (medscape.com)

The unique ion exchange, dehydration-rehydration and adsorption properties of zeolite materials promise to contribute significantly to many years of agricultural and aquaculture technologies (Mumpton, 1999b). (scialert.net)

On the one hand, the metal halide perovskite are vulnerable to polar solvent and it is desired to avoid or reduce the use of acetonitrile. (researchsquare.com)

19 , 20 Toward Spiro-OMeTAD based HTL, alternative dopants instead of LiTFSI such as Spiro(TFSI) 2 , 21 lithium-ion endohedral fullerene, 22 and lithium-ion-free salts 23 , 24 have been studied to eliminate the notorious effect of Li + ions. (researchsquare.com)
During this process, dissolved mineral salts in water break down into alkali metal ions (Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium …) with a positive charge and acidic residues (Chlorine, Sulfur, Phosphorus …) with a negative charge. (jonahweb.org)

Biological ion channels are protein-based pores capable of regulating ion transport in living cells in response to external stimuli, leading to the ultra-selective transmembrane move of specific ions (e.g. (nature.com)
Moreover, the transport and separation mechanisms of ions within sub-nanochannels modulated by local charge density remains elusive and an effective strategy to fabricate high-efficiency mono-/divalent ions selective membranes is yet to be developed. (nature.com)

Fluoride ions may inhibit glycolytic enzymes and may combine with calcium and magnesium to form insoluble complexes. (medscape.com)

Conditions are more favorable for the heavier alkali ulations have suggested that monovalent counterions can pene- metal ions. (lu.se)
This bound ions potentially could play an important role in AT-tract appears to be the strongest crystallographic case for monovalent bending and groove narrowing, thereby modulating DNA function ion penetration of the minor groove. (lu.se)
MD study found Na ions (with 5-40% occupancy) at primary atmosphere around DNA has been studied thoroughly, less is solvation sites throughout the minor and major grooves of the BIOPHYSICS known about sequence-dependent association of monovalent same duplex (16). (lu.se)

In a study published Friday in the journal Batteries and Supercaps , researchers from The Ohio State University detailed their findings centering around the construction of the battery's cathode, which stores the energy produced by a chemical reaction in a metal-oxygen or metal-air battery. (sciencedaily.com)
Potassium, a chemical element with symbol K, is a necessary ion to sustain life. (drugs.com)
These coatings have been shown to be highly resistant to material loss during impingement with high- velocity alumina and silicon carbide powders, and they show promise as protective coatings to reduce metal loss in erosive chemical environments, such as coal gasification systems. (cdc.gov)
[ 1 ] Ocular burn injuries are classified by etiologic agents as either chemical injuries (eg, those caused by acid or alkali) or radiant energy injuries (eg, those caused by heat, electricity or ultraviolet [UV] radiation). (medscape.com)

2023. Systematic workflow for efficient identification of local representative elementary volumes demonstrated with lithim-ion battery cathode microstructures . (hlrs.de)
For this reason, positive alkali metal and hydroxide ions are concentrated in the vessel next to the cathode. (jonahweb.org)
Thanks to their high stability and fast ionic mobility within their structural framework, polyanionic materials are intensively studied as promising cathode materials for Na-ion batteries . (idtechex.com)
Like Li-ion batteries, each family of cathode materials has its advantages and disadvantages (such as in terms of electrochemical performance, sustainability, cost, etc. (idtechex.com)

In 1990/91, Pecoraro and co-workers described MCs as a macrocycle where the bond connectivity of the ring consists solely, or dominantly, of metal ions and heteroatoms (such as N or O atoms). (sru.edu)

There is relatively strong correlation between M-O bond distances and coordination numbers also for the alkali metal ions even though the M-O interactions are weak and the number of complexes of potassium, rubidium and cesium with well-defined coordination geometry is very small. (nih.gov)
X-ray and computational analysis found that the ion trapping occurred via coordination bonds between the alkali metal ion and multiple carbonyl oxygen atoms in the cyclic polyketone. (hokudai.ac.jp)
First, 12-crown-4 as a lithium ionophore can selectively bond with Li + ions through coordination and promote the dissolution of LiTFSI in CB without requiring acetonitrile. (researchsquare.com)

A team of researchers from Ohio State, led by chemistry professor Yiying Wu, showed that the batteries could be more efficient than lithium-oxygen batteries while simultaneously storing about twice the energy as existing lithium-ion batteries. (sciencedaily.com)
While Na-ion technology is still in its early research and development phase, companies such as Tiamat (using polyanionic chemistry), Faradion (using layered oxide chemistry), and Natron (using PBA chemistry) have been offering commercial products that provide momentum for Na-ion technology in hybrid EVs, stationary storage, and data center backup power as market applications respectively. (idtechex.com)

The anionic hydride HFe 3 (CO) 11 − species grafted in the zeolite by ionic interaction with an Al 3+ ion showed high catalytic activity for the water gas shift reaction, which was comparable to that of iron carbonyl in homogeneous phase. (go.jp)
The prior art described a process of making a zeolite which, after ion exchange to remove alkali metal, appeared to be "essentially free of alkali metal. (bitlaw.com)

The battery will be based on an alkali-metal-ion-conducting, highly refractory, beta alumina solid electrolyte (BASE) and a non corrosive metal salt. (sbir.gov)
Optical spectroscopic studies of the molten electrolyte suggest that the lower valent (+3) titanium ion predominates in the baths. (cdc.gov)

But the concentration of undissociated water, H_2O, is much higher than the concentration of ions, which remains essentially constant. (jonahweb.org)
The court upheld the rejection because the applicant had not come forward with any evidence that the prior art was not "essentially free of alkali metal" and therefore a different and nonobvious product. (bitlaw.com)

abstract = "In this letter, we present experimental data which challenges the model proposed since the mid-1990s that the reduction of C60 films in aqueous electrolytes involves the formation of [M+nC60n-] where M+ represents a metal cation or proton. (uea.ac.uk)

English The macrocycle 4- tert -butylcalix[8]arene (L) was reacted with alkali metal carbonates (Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, and Cs₂CO₃) at the interface of a biphasic THF/water system. (unifr.ch)
Membranes with high ion permeability and selectivity are of considerable interest for sustainable water treatment, resource extraction and energy storage. (nature.com)
9. Z. Luz and S. Meiboom, Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the protolysis of trimethylammonium ion in aqueous solution-order of the reaction with respect to water. (weizmann.ac.il)
Pure potassium appears as a silver-to-white alkali metal that will ignite if placed in water, and is usually stored in liquid paraffin. (drugs.com)
For this reason, alkali metals are highly reactive, and must be stored in oil to prevent them from reacting with water vapor in the air. (experts123.com)

Injury from radiant energy usually results from contact with hot liquids, hot gases, fireworks or molten metals. (medscape.com)

Finally, the modified Walden plot analysis reveals that the ion conductivity transforms from being closely coupled with structural relaxation to being strongly decoupled from it as MW increases. (osti.gov)
We use density functional theory calculations to study structural properties, defect formation energies, metal binding energies, charge analysis, and electronic structures of NPG monolayers. (acs.org)
Back-scattered electron (BSE) imaging accompanied by ion-microprobe (SHRIMP-RG) analysis confirms significant incorporation of selected trace-elements at structural sites. (usgs.gov)
However, in addition to having a moderate redox potential, they undergo multiple phase transitions during the deinsertion/insertion of sodium ions - resulting in structural instability during charge/discharge, especially at high voltages, leading to low cyclability. (idtechex.com)

The difference between the inventive process and the prior art was the addition of metal oxide and carboxylic acid as separate ingredients instead of adding the more expensive pre-reacted metal carboxylate. (bitlaw.com)

Transition metal layered oxides have two-dimensional layered structures that allow reversible sodium insertion. (idtechex.com)

They have a 3D structure with large channels through which sodium ions can diffuse rapidly. (idtechex.com)

The IDTechEx report, ' Sodium-ion Batteries 2023-2033: Technology, Players, Markets, and Forecasts ', covers the industrial developments in the Na-ion battery market and provides patent analysis into key player chemistries. (idtechex.com)
A schematic representation of a sodium-ion cell. (idtechex.com)

This correlation indicates that the hydrated lithium ion is four-coordinate in aqueous solution. (nih.gov)
Companies, scientists and governments around the world are working on storage solutions, ranging from lithium-ion batteries -- bigger versions of those in many electric vehicles -- to giant batteries the size of a big-box store made using the metal vanadium. (sciencedaily.com)
Lithium is an essential gateway for renewable energy-based mobility since it is used in lithium-ion batteries of electric vehicles and portable devices. (schott.com)
5.1 Characteristics of LiFePO4 Lithium ferrous(II) phosphate (LiFePO4) is a positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, which, so far, has been mainly used in power lithiumion batteries [1]. (taylorfrancis.com)
In 1996, the Japanese NTT Corporation disclosed for the first time an olivine structured compound, AyMPO4 (A is an alkali metal and M a combination of Co and Fe) as a positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. (taylorfrancis.com)

Spectrophotometry, gas chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis are some of the widely used analytical techniques for determination of azide ions. (news-medical.net)
Direct-injection ion chromatography (IC) is the analysis method prescribed by the US Pharmacopeia. (news-medical.net)

This Bureau of Mines report describes methods to electrodeposit erosion-resistant titanium diboride coatings from molten alkali metal borate baths at 900 deg c. (cdc.gov)

The precise IC method was used for the analysis of azide ions in Irbesartan to demonstrate its applicability in the determination of trace amounts of inorganic impurities in pharmaceuticals. (news-medical.net)

Are Na-Ion Batteries Truly Sustainable? (idtechex.com)
The IDTechEx report on Na-ion batteries forecasts the growth in demand for Na-ion batteries in applications like stationary energy storage and Micro EVs. (idtechex.com)

There are brief notes on copper extraction and purification on the GCSE/IGCSE Extraction of Metals page . (docbrown.info)

"Effect of fresh bed materials on alkali release and thermogravimetric behavior during straw gasification," Fuel , vol. 336, 2023. (kth.se)
"Impacts of fresh bed materials on alkali release and fuel conversion rate during wood pyrolysis and char gasification," Fuel , vol. 353, 2023. (kth.se)
"Online monitoring of alkali release during co-pyrolysis/gasification of forest and agricultural waste: Element migration and synergistic effects," Biomass and Bioenergy , vol. 172, pp. 106745-106745, 2023. (kth.se)

Lithium (Li) is the lightest metal and the least dense solid element. (wikipedia.org)

"Effects of used bed materials on char gasification : Investigating the role of element migration using online alkali measurements," Fuel processing technology , vol. 238, pp. 107491-107491, 2022. (kth.se)
However, the acquisition of true pixel-by-pixel images, as opposed to regional profiling measurements, using EID is difficult due to low fragmentation efficiency and precursor ion signal dilution into multiple fragment ion channels, resulting in low sensitivity. (bvsalud.org)

Crowning Li + ions by forming more stable and less diffusive crown ether-Li + complexes retards the generation of hygroscopic lithium oxides and mitigates Li + ion migration. (researchsquare.com)
Because they have only a single valence electron, it requires relatively little energy to remove the electron to form a positive ion, and give the particle a stable outer shell. (experts123.com)

Our findings provide a theoretical basis for ions transport in sub-nanochannels and an alternative strategy for design ions separation membranes. (nature.com)

Recently, CO 2 doping was developed to oxidize the Spiro-OMeTAD precursor solution and reduce the density of Li + ions in the HTL. (researchsquare.com)

10 On the other hand, the hygroscopic lithium salt facilitates moisture penetration and Li + ion migration that is accelerated under high temperature conditions induces lithium intercalation into the perovskite layer with the formation of deleterious defects. (researchsquare.com)

High market expectations, especially for electric vehicle demand, have catapulted the alkali metal to one of the most treasured raw materials. (schott.com)
One of the key value propositions of the Na-ion battery is that it uses sustainable materials. (idtechex.com)

13. Z. Luz and S. Meiboom, Proton relaxation in dilute solution of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) ions in methanol and the rate of methanol exchange of the solvation sphere. (weizmann.ac.il)
Copper is an important metal in many alloys e.g. brass (with zinc), bronze (with tin) and coinage metals (with nickel). (docbrown.info)
In the majority of cases, copper, lead, zinc, nickel and other base metals mined in Canada occur as simple or complex sulphides. (canada.ca)

A simple, fast, and accurate ion chromatographic method equipped with suppressed conductivity detection is described in this article. (news-medical.net)

a The ion selectivity filter in KcsA K + channel is a 5.6 Å channel composed of eight negatively charged oxygen atoms (PDB code 1K4C), which inspired us to design an MLM-EDTA with numerous negatively charged oxygen atoms and 6.0 Å two-dimensional channel. (nature.com)

The removal of the hazardous Hg 2+ from aqueous solutions was studied by ion exchange using titanosilicate in sodium form (Na-ETS-4). (mdpi.com)
20. Z. Luz and R.G. Shulman, Proton magnetic resonance shifts in aqueous solutions of paramagnetic metal ions. (weizmann.ac.il)

Chemicals and Drugs13

Phenomena and Processes1

Cations9

Compounds6

Alkaline3

Cesium ions5

Fragment ions2

Potassium ions2

Manganese6

Crystalline3

Bind2

Hydration6

Anode6

Hydrofluoric2

Earth metals1

Dimethyl2

Molecules4

Substances2

Adsorption properties1

Halide1

Salts2

Selective2

Calcium1

Monovalent3

Chemical4

Cathode4

Heteroatoms1

Coordination3

Chemistry2

Zeolite2

Electrolyte2

Essentially2

Abstract1

Water5

Gases1

Structural4

Acid1

Transition1

Diffuse1

Sodium-ion2

Lithium ion5

Chromatography2

Molten1

Trace1

Batteries2

Extraction1

20233

Lightest metal1

Measurements2

Stable2

Findings1

Precursor1

Migration1

Materials2

Nickel3

Conductivity1

Oxygen1

Solutions2