AnalgesicsAnalgesics, OpioidAlcohol DrinkingReceptors, Opioid, muReceptors, OpioidReceptors, Opioid, deltaAlcoholsReceptors, Opioid, kappaOpioid PeptidesAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticNarcotic AntagonistsMorphinePainAnalgesiaNaloxoneAlcohol DehydrogenasePain MeasurementAlcoholismEthanolNaltrexoneOpioid-Related DisordersPain, PostoperativeEnkephalinsNarcoticsTramadolDrug ToleranceEnkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-BuprenorphineEndorphinsFetal Alcohol Spectrum DisordersAlcoholic BeveragesAlcoholic IntoxicationFentanylEnkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-Alcohol OxidoreductasesBenzyl AlcoholsDynorphinsPhenacetinAcetaminophenCentral Nervous System DepressantsPain ThresholdAlcohol-Related DisordersHydromorphoneBenzyl AlcoholDose-Response Relationship, DrugEnkephalin, LeucineDextropropoxypheneMorphinansFatty AlcoholsAlcohol DeterrentsCodeineInjections, Spinalbeta-EndorphinEnkephalin, Leucine-2-AlaninePolyvinyl AlcoholSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalHyperalgesiaMethadonePain ManagementMeperidinePentazocinePain, IntractableBenzeneacetamidesDouble-Blind MethodSubstance-Related DisordersDiprenorphineAnesthetics, LocalChronic PainButorphanolRats, Sprague-DawleyHydrocodoneOxymorphoneMorphine DerivativesDipyroneAnalgesia, EpiduralLevorphanolAnalgesia, Patient-ControlledBenzomorphansTemperanceBupivacaineOxycodonePrescription DrugsAlcohol Withdrawal DeliriumTime FactorsNociceptorsAlfentanilHeroinCyclazocineNociceptionNalbuphineRisk FactorsPyrrolidinesBinge DrinkingNeuralgiaTolmetinCarrageenanKetoprofenSufentanilMeptazinol