Airway depend differentiation of cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Non-motile primary cilia are solitary sensor organelles playing a critical role in cell cycle control, proliferation, polarity and differentiation, particularly of ciliated cells possessing motile cilia [ 3 , 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Potential mechanisms contributing to the airway-vessel remodeling of COPD include proliferation of airway epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, airway and vessel smooth muscle cells, fibroblast-myofibroblast transformation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
LPA acts as an autocrine/paracrine messenger through at least six G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), known as LPA 1-6 , to induce various cellular processes including wound healing, differentiation, proliferation, migration, and survival. (hindawi.com)
The first phase is the regulation of proliferation and differentiation in the bone marrow, which is consistent and occurring at a low level in the absence of immunological stimulation. (edu.pk)

Eosinophils are known to be an indirect marker of airway inflammation in asthma. (edu.pk)
Airway inflammation is present during an acute exacerbation of asthma, and is characterized by infiltration and activation of both eosinophils and neutrophils 2 . (edu.pk)
CD109 on Dendritic Cells Regulates Airway Hyperreactivity and Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and eosinophilic airway inflammation. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for the development of asthma via presenting allergens, causing Th2 skewing and eosinophil inflammation. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand mediates the resolution of allergic airway inflammation induced by chronic allergen inhalation. (southernbiotech.com)
2016). Thus, mice lacking B cells had less TFH cells and an increase Tedalinab in TRM cells, explaining why B cell deficient mice had increased airway inflammation when challenged with HDM inhalation long after the priming period (Hondowicz et al. (icem2012.org)
The chronic inflammation is associated with airway hyper-responsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing, particularly at night or in the early morning. (smtir.com)
Астма Asthma is a disease of diffuse airway inflammation caused by a variety of triggering stimuli resulting in partially or completely reversible bronchoconstriction. (msdmanuals.com)
Airway inflammation persists even after removal of the acute irritant, and the syndrome is indistinguishable from asthma. (msdmanuals.com)

Our major project is to investige a pathway that controls the polarity of epithelial cells within the plane of the epithelium. (stanford.edu)
COPD is characterised by airway epithelium remodelling, a hallmark of dysregulated airway epithelium plasticity [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
In the most proximal regions of the conducting zone, including the nasal passage, trachea, and bronchi, the airway epithelium exhibits a columnar, pseudostratified morphology. (stemcell.com)
The height of this epithelium decreases in more distal regions of the conducting zone and resembles a cuboidal epithelium in the small airway. (stemcell.com)
The major cell types of the large airway epithelium are goblet cells that produce and secrete mucus, ciliated cells that promote mucus motility through coordinated movement of their apical cilia, and basal cells that line the basement membrane and do not contact the apical surface of the epithelium. (stemcell.com)
In the bronchioles, the cuboidal epithelium contains secretory club cells and fewer ciliated cells than in more proximal airway regions. (stemcell.com)
The alveolar epithelium is lined with type I and II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). (stemcell.com)
Other regions in the lung were looking more like airway epithelium, the cell type covering bronchi and bronchioles, which is normally not present in the alveoli. (springernature.com)
The primary functions of the respiratory epithelium, depending on their origin, is to moisten, protect the airway tract from potential pathogens, infections and tissue injury, and facilitate gas exchange. (lonza.com)
The respiratory epithelium in trachea and bronchi is pseudostratified and primarily consists of three main cell types - cilia cells, goblet cells, and basal cells. (lonza.com)
Basal cells are progenitor cells that differentiate into cells types found within the epithelium. (lonza.com)

While much work has focused on the failure of epithelial cell populations as a key component of the aging process, additional studies have shown that aging, as a global phenomenon in the lung, also impacts resident endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations. (karger.com)
We are studying how lung endothelial cells respond to Vegfa during intussusceptive angiogenesis and whether and how the same Vegfa signaling elicits distinct responses from those during the well-characterized retinal sprouting angiogenesis. (mdanderson.org)
The lung is a complex organ composed of many types of epithelial cells, immune cells, endothelial cells and stromal cells. (stemcell.com)
Levels of cleaved-caspase3, 8-OHdG, and S100A4 were measured in airways and associated vessels to evaluate cell apoptosis, oxidant stress, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT)-associated factors. (biomedcentral.com)
In the skin, H1Rs are expressed on vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, neurons, and different immune cells such as monocytes, neutrophils, DCs, and T and B cells where their activation drives the typical symptoms of immediate hypersensitivity responses, comprising edema and pruritus [ 10 ]. (springeropen.com)
Lonza offers a comprehensive range of normal human respiratory epithelial, smooth muscle, fibroblast and endothelial cells with a broad donor variety. (lonza.com)
Efficient recognition of foreign pathogens by T cells requires adhesive interactions between T cells and other cell types, such as endothelial cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and with components of the extracellular matrix. (scielo.br)

Recent advances in isolating epithelial progenitor cells and stromal cells, as well as defining niche factors important for lung development, have led to the establishment of an in vitro 3D lung culture system: pulmonary (lung) organoids. (stemcell.com)
The restoration of these structures depends on progenitor cells that can divide and differentiate into different cell types. (springernature.com)
This paradigm has been recently updated by the observation that, upon severe alveolar injury, multiple airway progenitor cells can mobilize to the alveoli and differentiate into AT2 and AT1 cells, aiding the regeneration processes (Figure 1). (springernature.com)

Changes in Upper Airway Anatomy Following Orthodontic Treatment for Malocclusion: A Comparative Retrospecti. (medscimonit.com)
RME does not influence upper airway volume? (kevinobrienorthoblog.com)
The upper airway volume effects produced by Hyrax, Hybrid-Hyrax, and Keles keyless expanders: a single-centre randomised controlled trial. (kevinobrienorthoblog.com)
In reactive upper airways syndrome, upper airway (ie, nasal, pharyngeal) mucosal symptoms develop after acute or repeated exposure to airways irritants. (msdmanuals.com)

The human airway, from the nasal passage to the alveolar sacs, is covered with a continuous epithelial sheet that differs in morphology and cellular composition between the conducting and respiratory zones. (stemcell.com)

Finally, a new class was defined called carcinoma with pleomorphic, sarcomatoid, or sarcomatous elements, which brings together a number of proliferations characterized by a spectrum of epithelial to mesenchymal differentiation. (ersjournals.com)

In humans, the virus has a strong tropism for nonciliated bronchial epithelial cells, and it has been shown to effectively evade the innate immune responses and antagonize interferon (IFN) production in these cells. (wikipedia.org)
The obstruction of airways in acute fatal asthma is due to contraction of bronchial smooth muscle, thickening of airway wall and intraluminal mucus and debris. (edu.pk)
Formation of human composite respiratory mucosa using normal human bronchial cells cocultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under air-interface conditions allowed for the formation of mucus-producing cells in vitro [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Asthma is characterized by reversible airway obstruction on bronchial challenge or more commonly by measuring the effect of a short-acting bronchodilator, when the subject is suffering with shortness of breath. (smtir.com)

The primary tool for differentiating COPD from asthma is reversibility of airways obstruction. (smtir.com)
However, persistent asthma in some cases can be associated with partially reversible airway obstruction, less than 15%, which can make differential diagnosis difficult. (smtir.com)
When partially reversible airway obstruction is present a rigorous medical history, physical examination, questionnaire-based tools and the use of supplementary techniques, such as the analysis of spirometry curves or the diffusing capacity of the lungs can help to distinguish between asthma and COPD. (smtir.com)
Occupational asthma is reversible airway obstruction that develops after months to years of sensitization to an allergen encountered in the workplace. (msdmanuals.com)
In reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS), which is nonallergenic, people with no history of asthma develop persistent, reversible airway obstruction after acute overexposure to irritant dust, fumes, or gas. (msdmanuals.com)

4 Lower body weight at birth was shown to be associated with reduced forced expiratory volume and vital lung capacity, 5-7 with an increased risk for asthma, 8-13 as well as with increased death rates from chronic obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airway limitation. (biomedcentral.com)
Asthma: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. (smtir.com)

We have generated conditional knockout alleles to test whether AT1 cells may also signal to mesenchymal cells such as myofibroblasts. (mdanderson.org)

Several animal models have been developed to study the airway anatomy and mucus physiology in CF, but they are costly and difficult to maintain, making them less accessible for many applications. (bvsalud.org)
Overall, this study suggests that the ex vivo trachea model is an effective, easy to set up culture model to study airway and mucus physiology. (bvsalud.org)
This pathogenic strain was able to survive inside the epithelial cells and trigger an inflammatory response that was milder when a thick mucus layer was present. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The ciliated cells are located across the apical surface and facilitate the movement of mucus across the airway tract. (lonza.com)

The goblet cells produce and secrete mucous to trap pathogens and debris within the airway tract. (lonza.com)

Eosinophils are currently regarded as the effector cells responsible for much of the pathology of asthma. (edu.pk)
When Th2 lymphocytes are activated to produce cytokines, such as IL-5, this increases the production of eosinophils in the bone marrow and promotes release of these cells into the circulation 8 . (edu.pk)
The migration of eosinophils depends on chemoattractants such as eotaxin, which is an eosinophil specific chemokine 9 . (edu.pk)
Finally, administration of monoclonal anti-CD109 antibody reduced airway eosinophils and significantly decreased AHR. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)
Innate basophils, eosinophils and ILC2s have all been proposed to provide this early source of IL-4 in trans, and the fact that these cells can be found in the T cell area early in an immune response makes this a possible scenario (Ben-Sasson et al. (icem2012.org)

On the other hand, immune training approaches during pregnancy can prevent allergic inflammatory diseases of the airways. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, also known as extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an uncommon non-immunoglobulin E (IgE), T-helper cell type 1 (Th1)-mediated inflam- matory pulmonary disease with systemic symptoms resulting from repeated inhalation and subsequent sensitization to a large variety of aerosolized antigenic organic dust particles. (cdc.gov)
In the current model of asthma as an allergic disease, two cell types are central. (edu.pk)
In addition to its pro-pruritic effect, several studies acknowledge a role for the H1R on immune cells in mediating inflammatory effects of allergic skin diseases with antagonism of the H1R by several drugs demonstrating anti-inflammatory properties in different experimental models of AD [ 15 - 19 ]. (springeropen.com)

Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by its reversible, reactive nature. (edu.pk)

In the B cell system protective memory is mediated by plasma cells that secrete antibodies, whereas reactive memory is mediated by memory B cells that proliferate and differentiate to plasma cells in response to secondary antigenic stimulation. (scielo.br)
2016). However, there are some recent data to suggest that antigen presentation by B cells in the HDM model controls the rate of formation of T resident memory cells versus IL-4 producing TFH cells, since these are mutually Rabbit Polyclonal to ATRIP exclusive cell fates for antitehn-reactive na?ve T cells Tedalinab (Ballesteros-Tato et al. (icem2012.org)

Targeting proprotein convertases in furin-rich lung cancer cells results in decreased in vitro and in vivo growth. (sld.cu)
Recent progress isolating lung epithelial progenitor and stromal cells, as well as defining stem cell niche factors that are important for lung development, has led to the establishment of an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture system: lung organoids 2 , also known as airway organoids or pulmonary organoids. (stemcell.com)
Aim of the present study was to investigate if the pre-coating of MWCNTs with pulmonary surfactant has an influence on potential adverse effects, upon both (i) human monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) monocultures, and (ii) a sophisticated in vitro model of the human epithelial airway barrier. (biomedcentral.com)
In a very interesting review, P. MARRACK & J. KAPPLER focus on naïve, activated, and memory T cells survival separately, and discuss experiments done in vitro and in mice lacking or containing normal populations of lymphocytes. (scielo.br)
In vitro models of simple one-cell or two-cell culture systems as well as complex multicellular lung analogs that reproduce defined components of specific human lung responses have already been realized. (biomedcentral.com)
Results of studies done using simple in vitro lung systems or more complex three-dimensional models have already been used to examine cell-based responses, physiologic functions, pathologic changes and even drug toxicity or drug responses. (biomedcentral.com)
Because of these problems, most researchers have utilized in vitro cell culture models to answer basic questions related to human cellular responses in the lung. (biomedcentral.com)
One of the earliest models used to study lung development, an in vitro culture of pieces of intact fetal lung, indicated that there were critical differences in the development of submersion-cultured fetal lung cell- scaffold constructs versus air-interface-cultured fetal lung constructs [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Lavage fluid from the lumen of the asthmatic airway contains numerous mediators including histamine, prostaglandins (predominantly PGD2 and PGF2), leukotrienes, kinins, kallikrein, and eosinophil derived major basic protein. (edu.pk)
Partner with Lonza and choose from a broad donor variety of airway cells from normal, asthmatic, COPD, Cystic Fibrosis or iPF lung tissue. (lonza.com)

Asthma is the most common inflammatory disease affecting the lungs, which can be caused by intrauterine or postnatal insults depending on the exposure to environmental factors. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

The classical paradigm of lung regeneration states that airway epithelia are replenished by basal cells residing in bronchi and bronchioles, while alveolar AT1 cells are regenerated by transdifferentiating AT2 cells. (springernature.com)
Basal cells respond to injury of the airway and subsequently differentiate to restore a healthy epithelial cell layer. (lonza.com)

Our application sections, further down on this page, are packed with data, white papers, posters and other useful tools, giving you an overview on how Lonza's airway cells are being used to study diseases like asthma, COPD, lung cancer and more. (lonza.com)
Select cell types are complemented with diseased cells isolated from donors diagnosed with asthma, COPD, Cystic Fibrosis or Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). (lonza.com)
Many features of COPD and asthma overlap often making the differentiation between them difficult. (smtir.com)
Additionally, emerging tools, such as forced exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) are available and can be used in the diagnosis of asthma and differentiation between asthma and COPD. (smtir.com)

Primary cilia are assembled on different types of human cells depending on their state and activities in response to cellular quiescence where they relay extracellular signals and retract upon cell cycle re-entry [ 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
It often has multiple types of cells mirroring their counterpart in the body along with constituents of native extracellular matrix (ECM) and is typically miniature or micro-scale in size. (stemcell.com)
In the Drosophila airway tree, the interplay of apical extracellular matrix (ECM) components with the underlying membrane and cytoskeleton controls tube elongation, but the link between ECM composition with apical membrane morphogenesis and tube size regulation is elusive. (bvsalud.org)

Current BPD research focuses on myofibroblasts, alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells and the endothelium, but seems to leave out the "elephant in the room", the alveolar type 1 (AT1) cell, which constitutes nearly all the alveolar surface and associates intimately with the microvasculature. (mdanderson.org)
We have identified a key transcriptional regulator of this process, without which AT1 cells lose their molecular and cellular characteristics and the lung undergoes alveolar simplification as in BPD. (mdanderson.org)
We have found that AT1 cells, instead of AT2 cells, are the unexpected source of a key angiogenic factor VEGFA and AT1 cell-derived VEGFA is required for alveolar angiogenesis. (mdanderson.org)
In a healthy lung, alveolar spaces are empty and lined by very thin cells that allow gas exchange (AT1: alveolar pneumocytes type 1). (springernature.com)
Some of the cells showed a morphology resembling pneumocytes type 2 (AT2) - the cell type is the main source for new alveolar cells (alveolar regeneration). (springernature.com)
Another detail of alveolar regeneration that has been recently characterized is a distinct, intermediate cell state between AT2 and AT1 cells, the "alveolar differentiation intermediate" (ADI) cells. (springernature.com)
Figure 2: Schematic representation of the morphological features and marker expression of alveolar differentiation intermediate (ADI) cells. (springernature.com)
A contribution of airway progenitors to the alveolar regeneration processes and an accumulation of ADI cells has been described in fatal COVID-19 cases. (springernature.com)
Respiratory epithelial cells line the respiratory tract from trachea to bronchi into bronchioles and alveolar sacs. (lonza.com)
Subsequent work focused on the construction of alveolar-like tissue structures using primary type II cells grown in three-dimensional (3D) collagen gels that supported production of surfactant proteins [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The efficacy of a therapeutic antibody depends on the Fab fragment and its binding activity to the target antigen, but also depends on the Fc fragment and its interaction with key Fc receptors.Therefore, candidates must be tested against a panel of receptors during antibody engineering. (acrobiosystems.com.cn)

The outcome of LPA signaling is dependent on cellular context and impacts on biological processes such as wound healing, differentiation, neurogenesis, and survival, to name a few [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
In this context, a new molecule, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), has emerged as a positive regulator of B cell survival and differentiation functioning through various signaling pathways and potentiating the activity of various receptor complexes through pleiotropic means. (medsci.org)
Neural factors are a class of protein molecules with neurotrophic activity that can promote the survival and regeneration of nerve cells. (acrobiosystems.com.cn)

Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models have had a profound impact on both basic and clinical research in the pulmonary field. (stemcell.com)
atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. (ersjournals.com)
In addition of the categories of squamous dysplasia and carcinoma in situ , two additional lesions were added to the group of pre-invasive lesions: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH). (ersjournals.com)

In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)
UA reduced EMT, EndMT, airway-vessel remodeling, and musculi soleus atrophy in CS-induced emphysema model rats at least partly through IGF1 and TGF-β1/Smad2.3 signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent data also suggest that the potential of cDC2s to induce pure Th2 immunity or a mixed Th2/Th17 type of response is tightly regulated by cell intrinsic mechanisms, including fine tuning of TLR signalling pathways and metabolic programming (Sinclair et al. (icem2012.org)

Reduced serum vitamin D levels are associated with impaired lung function, increased airway hypersensitivity response, and reduced corticosteroid response. (dsm.com)

Histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains were used to assess airway-vessel remodeling and muscle atrophy-associated changes. (biomedcentral.com)

Some examples include the specialized hair cells of the mammalian cochlea, that display a spectacularly polarized organization of kinocilia and stereocilia on their apical surfaces, the dynamic ciliated cells of the tracheal and reproductive tract epithelia, and cells in the gastrulating vertebrate embryo that display polarized migration and intercalation behaviors. (stanford.edu)

Development requires that cells differentiate to acquire the necessary complement of cell fates, and that they adopt the structure required to carry out their functions. (stanford.edu)

At the cellular level, aging is marked by depletion of adult stem cell reservoirs, the inability to maintain baseline homeostasis, a reduced response to stress, an increased accumulation of damaged DNA leading to telomere shortening, and mitochondrial dysfunction [ 1,2 ]. (karger.com)
In multiple organs, including the lungs, age-related tissue and organ dysfunction interferes with tissue regeneration, which requires functional stem cells. (karger.com)

Primary cilia may be crucial in determining outcomes during airway epithelial cell differentiation thus we hypothesised that primary cilia are present in adult epithelial cells and may play a key role in airway plasticity. (ersjournals.com)
Secondary outcomes were other airway measurements, all derived from CBCT images. (kevinobrienorthoblog.com)

Because of the availability of remarkably powerful genetic, molecular and cell biological tools, we use the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, as our primary model for investigating the fundamental mechanisms of PCP signaling. (stanford.edu)
We show in Drosophila that the zona pellucida (ZP) domain protein Piopio interacts and cooperates with the ZP protein Dumpy at tracheal cells. (bvsalud.org)

Current knowledge about the identity and function of these stem cell compartments has been largely drawn from a variety of transgenic and spontaneously mutated mouse models that are characterized by rapid rates of aging or have been used to examine regeneration from injury in the context of natural or accelerated aging. (karger.com)
In this review, we will present current data on lung aging and lung regeneration, with specific attention paid to stem cell-driven regeneration within the context of aging. (karger.com)
ADI cells occur transiently in physiological conditions of lung homeostasis and in regeneration after injury, but can accumulate and persist in certain diseases. (springernature.com)
The block in the ADI cell state can result in delayed lung regeneration and consequent prolonged impairment of gas-exchange. (springernature.com)

The authors also argue that memory B and T cell responses are long-lived in the absence of antigen, but they are modulated and influenced by other infections and that memory B and T cells can either provide protective immunity or contribute to immunopathology on infection with homologous or heterologous viruses. (scielo.br)
discuss the role of integrins in T cell- mediated immunity, with a focus on how these receptors participate in lymphocyte recirculation and T cell activation, how antigen stimulation regulates integrin activity, and how integrins define functionally unique subsets of T cells and APCs. (scielo.br)
Induction of potent CD8 T cell cytotoxicity by specific targeting of antigen to cross-presenting dendritic cells in vivo via murine or human XCR1. (southernbiotech.com)
B cells can induce Th2 and TFH responses and elicit help from CD4+ T cells in an MHC-II dependent manner, but using T cell antigen receptor Tedalinab (TCR) transgenic Tedalinab 1-DER mice that react to the type 2 antigen Der p 1 of the house dust mite (Dullaers et al. (icem2012.org)

It has been speculated that, when the demands for nutrients later in gestation are no longer fully met in these rapidly growing fetuses, the differentiation of specific thymus derived helper lymphocytes from Th2 type towards Th1 type lymphocytes may be permanently impaired, 3 which will in turn lead to exaggerated IgE responses and atopic phenomena later in life. (bmj.com)
Recent studies indicate that memory T lymphocytes contain distinct populations of central memory (T CM cells) and effector memory (T EM ) cells characterized by distinct homing capacity and effector function. (scielo.br)

BACKGROUND Associations have been found between a large head size at birth and atopy, and between low birth weight and obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
A study was undertaken of people born around the time of the Dutch famine in 1944-5 to determine the effects of maternal malnutrition during specific periods of gestation on the prevalence of obstructive airways disease and atopy. (bmj.com)
The prevalence of obstructive airways disease was increased in people exposed to famine in mid gestation (odds ratio adjusted for sex 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 2.6) and tended to be higher in those exposed in early gestation (odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 0.9 to 2.6). (bmj.com)
CONCLUSIONS The observed increase in the prevalence of obstructive airways disease in people exposed to famine in mid and early gestation was not parallelled by effects on IgE concentrations or lung function. (bmj.com)
The link between exposure to famine in mid and early gestation and obstructive airways disease in adulthood suggests that fetal lungs can be permanently affected by nutritional challenges during periods of rapid growth. (bmj.com)
A number of studies have shown associations between head size of newborn babies and atopy, and between birth weight and obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
It is therefore likely that increased concentrations of IgE and obstructive airways disease have origins in utero. (bmj.com)

The primary goal of my work on PCP has been to elucidate, at molecular and cell biological levels, the nature of the signals that induce subcellular asymmetry, and how cells then respond to this molecular asymmetry to orient their cytoskeletons. (stanford.edu)
Immunologically, AD is driven by TSLP-secretion by keratinocytes and epithelial cells which modulate dendritic cell (DC) and basophil function to preferentially induce a Th2 immune response. (springeropen.com)
Lung cDC2s from CD109-/- mice had a poor ability to induce cytokine production in ex vivo DC-T cell cocultures with high expression of RUNX3, resulting in suppression of Th2 differentiation. (nagoya-u.ac.jp)

This remark is certainly a stunning point in favor of a significant Refametinib contribution to growth development control by FSP-specific Testosterone levels cells in vivo , producing those peptides extremely interesting applicants for the advancement of targeted vaccination strategies. (immune-source.com)
provides an overview of the dynamic in vivo life of NK cells from their development in the bone marrow to their mature cellular responses in the periphery and their ultimate demise, with emphasis on mouse NK cells and viral infections. (scielo.br)
2016). However, further studies are warranted to better understand B-cell induction of Th2 cells in vivo. (icem2012.org)

A more available CFTR-/- rat model has been developed and characterized to develop CF airway abnormalities, but consistent dosing of pharmacologic agents and longitudinal evaluation remain a challenge. (bvsalud.org)
Lonza's BulletKit TM Media for growth and air-liquid interface studies is optimized to support consistent growth or differentiation of primary airway cells while maintaining the tissue-specific characteristics. (lonza.com)
Our BulletKit TM Media is formulated with growth factors and hormones necessary to optimally support consistent growth or differentiation of primary cells while maintaining the tissue-specific characteristics. (lonza.com)

Several other airway diseases caused by inhalational workplace exposures can be distinguished from occupational and occupationally aggravated asthma. (msdmanuals.com)

Through a series of transcriptome analyses, we have identified a Wnt ligand specifically expressed in AT1 cells but not AT2 cells, an expression pattern similar to that of Vegfa. (mdanderson.org)

However, though BC is emerging as a potential organ transplant option, challenges regarding organ size scalability, immune system incompatibilities, long-term maintenance, potential evolutionary distance, or unveiled mechanisms between donor and host cells remain. (frontiersin.org)
Choose from a broad donor panel of airway and immune cells, culture media for primary cells, media and endotoxin testing products for vaccine and protein production, or use our Nucleofector TM Technology for virus creation. (lonza.com)
They conclude that although armed with highly distinct effector functions, there are many parallels between the T cell and B cell components of the immune response and their conversion into memory. (scielo.br)
A truncated C-terminal fragment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP70 enhances cell-mediated immune response and longevity of the total IgG to influenza A virus M2e protein in mice. (southernbiotech.com)
Signals via the adaptor MyD88 in B cells and DCs make distinct and synergistic contributions to immune activation and tissue damage in lupus. (southernbiotech.com)

Lung failure due to aging can be traced to loss of lung stem cell regenerative capacity within the distinctive stem cell niches found within each compartment of the lung. (karger.com)
Stem cells are characterized by their ability to undergo self-renewal to maintain stem cell reserves, and, when required, to produce new, terminally differentiated cells. (karger.com)
During aging, a decline in organ function can be traced to a loss of stem cell function due to increased cell turnover, depletion of stem cells, and alterations to the stem cell niche. (karger.com)
AT1 cells are traditionally considered a passive structural component of the alveoli while attention has been focused on AT2 cells due to their proposed stem cell function. (mdanderson.org)
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Pericytes as Scalable and Editable Source to Study Direct Lineage Reprogramming Into Induced Neurons. (antibodiesinc.com)
Two theories predominate: the bicellular stem cell theory and the multicellular theory. (medscape.com)
Recent evidence suggests that the bicellular stem cell theory is the more probable etiology of salivary gland neoplasms. (medscape.com)

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is now recognized as a histologically high grade non small cell carcinoma showing histopathological features of neuroendocrine differentiation as well as immunohistochemical neuroendocrine markers. (ersjournals.com)

The neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), commonly known as serotonin, is stored at peripheral sites in mast cells and released from this peripheral source upon IgE cross-linking. (aai.org)
The anti-pruritic effects are mediated by a reduction of histamine-dependent release of pruritogenic pro-inflammatory mediators such as bradykinins, serotonin, prostaglandins, and substance P by mast cells which all can confer an itching sensation. (springeropen.com)

Fig. 6: Radiation exposure boosts Notch signaling and stemness in metastatic cells. (nature.com)
In triple cell-co cultures the release of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) was increased after exposure to Curosurf pre-coated MWCNTs. (biomedcentral.com)

We also show conserved ectodomain shedding of the human TGFß type III receptor by Notopleural and the human Matriptase, providing novel findings for in-depth analysis of diseases caused by cell and tube shape changes. (bvsalud.org)

In each case, PCP is critical to the function of these cells and tissues, and errors in the signaling system controlling PCP lead to human diseases and developmental defects, including congenital deafness, neural tube closure defects and cardiac outflow tract anomalies. (stanford.edu)
This characteristic 3D architecture is known to influence the epithelial cell differentiation and function. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Persistence of ADI cells is also associated with development of lung fibrosis, which additionally compromises lung function (Figure 2). (springernature.com)
Depending on the patient's medical condition, a refractory disease patient also requires an on-time selective option, such as less invasive cellular therapy options or curative organ transplantation that can function immediately after transplantation. (frontiersin.org)
What Are Airway Cells and Their Function? (lonza.com)
Second, the authors discuss that inability to resolve infection and prevent disease may not be a consequence of the generation of an inadequate number of Th1 cells but of an intrinsic deficiency in macrophage function that prevents these cells from expressing immunity. (scielo.br)
These early simple one-cell or two-cell culture models provided information related to physiologic function of cell types found in the upper and lower airways but did not allow for assessment of more complex cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions. (biomedcentral.com)

We exposed healthy mouse lung tissue to radiation before the induction of metastasis and observed a strong enhancement of cancer cell growth. (nature.com)
Importantly, these tissue perturbations endowed arriving cancer cells with an augmented stemness phenotype. (nature.com)
Stem cells of all organs - including the lung, which harbors distinct stem cells for each separate tissue that makes up the lung as a whole - reside in niches described as a microenvironment that supports and maintains the 'stemness' of cells as a critical reservoir for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)
ATX is also important in adipogenesis since it is upregulated during preadipocyte differentiation to adipocytes and secreted into circulation by the adipose tissue [ 24 ]. (hindawi.com)
Rubella virus tropism and single-cell responses in human primary tissue and microglia-containing organoids. (antibodiesinc.com)

With this review, we provide an overview on histamine and the expression of its four receptors on skin resident and nonresident cells. (springeropen.com)

UA decreased oxidant stress and cell apoptosis in airway and accompanying vascular walls of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema model rats. (biomedcentral.com)

There are many specialized respiratory cell types that are relevant for basic research and drug discovery. (lonza.com)

It is involved in the regulation of blood calcium and phosphate levels, bone growth and maintenance, cell differentiation, and gene expression 1 . (dsm.com)

In this study, we investigated the expression of serotoninergic receptors (5-HTR), the signaling pathway, and biological activity of 5-HT on human dendritic cells (DC), showing that immature and mature DC expressed mRNA for different serotoninergic receptors. (aai.org)

Background: Stromal cells are a functionally important component of human carcinomas. (immune-source.com)
Western blot analysis showed that stromal cells of lung tumours were characterised by a statistically considerably lower phrase level of the p16 proteins as likened with that in regular lung stromal cells. (immune-source.com)

However, recent successful preclinical and clinical trials have advocated for the significance of B cell-dependent immunopathogenic responses and has led to the development of novel biologicals that target specific B cell phenotypes. (medsci.org)
5. Arnaboldi PM, Roth-Walter F, Mayer L. Suppression of Th1 and Th17, but not Th2, responses in a CD8 + T cell mediated model of oral tolerance. (southernbiotech.com)

The bulk RNA sequencing datasets ( GSE180823 ) and the single-cell RNA sequencing datasets ( GSE181306 ) are deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, NCBI) repository. (nature.com)
Fluorescent proteins enable a wide range of applications where they have functioned as cell lineage tracers, reporters of gene expression, or as a measure of protein-protein interactions. (antibodiesinc.com)

Anatomy66

Organisms7

Diseases19

Chemicals and Drugs72

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Proliferation4

Inflammation10

Epithelium11

Endothelial7

Progenitor cells3

Upper airway4

Human Airway1

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal1

Bronchial4

Obstruction5

Chronic3

Mesenchymal1

Mucus4

Produce and secrete1

Eosinophils5

Allergic4

Reversible1

Reactive2

Vitro8

Asthmatic2

Inflammatory disease1

Basal2

COPD4

Extracellular3

Alveolar10

Antibody1

Survival3

Pulmonary3

Pathways3

Hypersensitivity1

Immunohistochemistry1

Apical1

Differentiate1

Dysfunction2

Outcomes2

Drosophila2

Regeneration4

Antigen4

Lymphocytes2

Obstructive7

Induce3

Vivo3

Consistent3

Asthma1

Ligand1

Immune5

Stem cell7

Immunohistochemical1

Mast cells2

Exposure2

Diseases caused1

Function7

Tissue5

Histamine1

Vascular1

Respiratory Cell1

Bone1

Receptors1

Stromal cells2

Responses2

Gene expression2