• Here we report that the flavoring chemicals induce transcriptomic changes and perturb cilia function in the airway epithelium. (nature.com)
  • Our study indicates that the two widely used e-cig flavoring chemicals impair the cilia function in airway epithelium and likely contribute to the adverse effects of e-cig in the lung. (nature.com)
  • it is also not known whether the flavoring chemicals similarly damage human airway epithelium. (nature.com)
  • Taken together, these data show that the nasal epithelium of children supports lower infection and replication of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, although this may be changing as the virus evolves. (plos.org)
  • Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 damage ciliated epithelium in the nose and airways. (springer.com)
  • Pulmonary exposure to NQ dose-dependently aggravated antigen-related airway inflammation, as characterised by infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes around the airways and an increase in goblet cells in the bronchial epithelium. (ersjournals.com)
  • Nanoparticle deposition in the rat nasal cavity: prediction of dose to the olfactory epithelium. (cdc.gov)
  • Columnar epithelium lines the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
  • Covered in respiratory epithelium and mucous cells, this is the most substantial part of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
  • Olfaction requires orthonasal or retronasal airflow to transport odor-bearing particles up to the olfactory epithelium located at the apex of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
  • Respiration involves a complex interplay of the airway epithelium, alveoli, vasculature and underlying mesenchyme. (grc.org)
  • The poor ability of respiratory epithelial cells to proliferate and differentiate in vitro into a pseudostratified mucociliated epithelium limits the general use of primary airway epithelial cell (AEC) cultures generated from patients with rare diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Here, we describe a procedure to amplify AEC isolated from nasal polyps and generate long-term cultures of the respiratory epithelium. (unige.ch)
  • In the most proximal regions of the conducting zone, including the nasal passage, trachea, and bronchi, the airway epithelium exhibits a columnar, pseudostratified morphology. (stemcell.com)
  • The height of this epithelium decreases in more distal regions of the conducting zone and resembles a cuboidal epithelium in the small airway. (stemcell.com)
  • The major cell types of the large airway epithelium are goblet cells that produce and secrete mucus, ciliated cells that promote mucus motility through coordinated movement of their apical cilia, and basal cells that line the basement membrane and do not contact the apical surface of the epithelium. (stemcell.com)
  • In the bronchioles, the cuboidal epithelium contains secretory club cells and fewer ciliated cells than in more proximal airway regions. (stemcell.com)
  • The alveolar epithelium is lined with type I and II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). (stemcell.com)
  • We will use a combination of human natural quasi-randomization studies of infant RSV infection specifically designed to assess the impact of infant RSV infection on subsequent respiratory health and the airway epithelium, and in vitro models of RSV infection of nasal airway epithelial cells (NAECs). (vumc.org)
  • 2006). Subsequent stimulation by proinflammatory stimuli such as the Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 then promotes transdifferentiation of ciliated cells into goblet cells, thereby increasing the number of goblet cells ("second hit hypothesis") in mouse tracheal epithelium and airway epithelia of COPD patients (Curran & Cohn, 2010). (aopwiki.org)
  • We also determined the protective effect of Echinaforce® in re-constituted nasal epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic endurance training damages the epithelium of the small airways in mice. (bmj.com)
  • Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of green tea polyphenols in the modulation of airway inflammation through the blocking of neutrophil chemokine production, nasal mucosal fibroblasts and A549 bronchial epithelial cells were analyzed for the production of IL-8. (go.jp)
  • Both nasal mucosal fibroblasts and bronchial epithelial cells produced significant amounts of IL-8 through stimulation of IL-1β. (go.jp)
  • Production of IL-8 after stimulation by proinflammatory cytokines in both nasal fibroblasts and bronchial epithelial cells was significantly blocked by pretreatment with green tea polyphenols. (go.jp)
  • Pincikova T, Flodström-Tullberg M, Hjelte L. Cystic Fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells have impaired ability to activate vitamin D. Acta Paediatr. (karolinska.se)
  • Glucocorticoids can affect Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) internalization and intracellular calcium concentration in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells. (karolinska.se)
  • Bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells and primary bronchial epithelial cells) were exposed to heat-inactivated Haemophilus influenzae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Streptococcus pneumoniae and subsequently infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), type 2 human adenovirus or influenza B. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, viral replication and expression of pattern recognition receptors were determined in culture supernatants and/or cell lysates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CC16 levels correlate with cigarette smoke exposure in bronchial epithelial cells and with lung function decline in smokers. (medscape.com)
  • RNAseq analysis of bronchial epithelial cells to identify COPD-associated genes and SNPs. (medscape.com)
  • Using RNA-Seq, we identified a total of 163 and 568 differentially expressed genes in primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells that were exposed to diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione, respectively. (nature.com)
  • In this study, we utilized primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells that are cultured at an air-liquid interface (ALI) to mimic the in vivo airway characteristics 30 . (nature.com)
  • Here, we use primary nasal epithelial cells (NECs) from children and adults, differentiated at an air-liquid interface to show that the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 replicates to significantly lower titers in the NECs of children compared to those of adults. (plos.org)
  • Saline shifts myeloperoxidase activity in epithelial or phagocytic cells to produce hypochlorous acid. (springer.com)
  • Constitutive nuclear factor-kappaB activity in human upper airway tissues and nasal epithelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • Because of clinical implications for cystic fibrosis of activating mutants in vivo, we are investigating whether deltaF508, the most common disease-associated CFTR mutation, can be activated in airway epithelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • We have found that, 36Cl- efflux can be stimulated 19-61% above baseline by beta-adrenoreceptor agonists and cGI-phosphodiesterase inhibitors in transformed nasal polyp (CF-T43) cells homozygous for the deltaF508 mutation. (nih.gov)
  • Primary cells isolated from CF nasal polyps gave similar results. (nih.gov)
  • These data indicate that endogenous levels of deltaF508 protein can be stimulated to increase 36Cl- permeability in airway epithelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • The use of fibroblast feeder layers strongly stimulated the proliferation of epithelial cells, allowing the expansion of the cell pool with successive passages. (unige.ch)
  • Recent advances in isolating epithelial progenitor cells and stromal cells, as well as defining niche factors important for lung development, have led to the establishment of an in vitro 3D lung culture system: pulmonary (lung) organoids. (stemcell.com)
  • Recent progress isolating lung epithelial progenitor and stromal cells, as well as defining stem cell niche factors that are important for lung development, has led to the establishment of an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture system: lung organoids 2 , also known as airway organoids or pulmonary organoids. (stemcell.com)
  • The lung is a complex organ composed of many types of epithelial cells, immune cells, endothelial cells and stromal cells. (stemcell.com)
  • The goal of the core is to provide primary cells and cultured airway epithelial cell preparations from human, mouse and other species for the study of epithelial cells, lung biology and lung diseases. (wustl.edu)
  • Core procedures and capabilities: The airway epithelial cell core provides investigators with primary culture preparations of mouse and human airway epithelial cells differentiated at air-liquid interface to provide a model of normal airways including ciliated and secretory cells. (wustl.edu)
  • The core can also culture airway cells obtained by lung biopsies, brushings, as well as nasal and sinus biopsy, brush, scrape or polyps. (wustl.edu)
  • Normal human airway epithelial cells can be obtained as de-identified tissues and exempted from specific human research. (wustl.edu)
  • Non-human preparations: The core has special expertise in the culture and differentiation of mouse tracheal epithelial cells (mTEC). (wustl.edu)
  • The core also has experience with the culture of airway epithelial cells from rats and pigs. (wustl.edu)
  • Manipulation and genetic modification of primary cells: The core has extensive experience with the manipulation of airway cells using growth factors, cytokines and specific culture conditions, as well as genetic manipulation using recombinant viral vectors. (wustl.edu)
  • Previous studies on the impact of CyaA on human epithelial cells have been carried out using cell lines derived from the airways or the intestinal tract. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Here, we investigated the interaction of CyaA and its enzymatically inactive but fully pore-forming toxoid CyaA-AC- with primary human airway epithelial cells (hAEC) derived from different anatomical sites (nose and tracheo-bronchial region) in two-dimensional culture conditions. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • We here investigated if pre-exposure to bacteria alters the response of lung epithelial cells to subsequent viral infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pre-exposure of epithelial cells to bacteria alters the response to subsequent viral infection depending on the types of pathogen involved. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dr. Bruce Freeman and colleagues at the University of Alabama, Birmingham examined oxidant injury to alveolar epithelial cells and tested whether supplementing the levels of antioxidants would modify the cells' resistance to damage. (healtheffects.org)
  • Taste sensations are mediated by taste buds-small clusters of specialized epithelial cells on the tongue, soft palate, and larynx. (the-scientist.com)
  • Indeed, elements of the taste transduction cascade occur in many chemoresponsive epithelial cells scattered throughout the stomach, the intestines, and even the airways. (the-scientist.com)
  • Brush cells are tall, columnar epithelial cells that display a distinctive tuft of stiff microvilli at their apex. (the-scientist.com)
  • In 2.5D culture, treatment with HMGB1 induced permeability of FITC-dextran into the lumen formed by human lung, nasal and intestinal epithelial cells. (anobase.org)
  • In this review, we indicate the mechanisms including angulin-1/LSR and multiple signaling in dysfunction of the epithelial permeability barrier induced by HMGB1 in 2.5D culture of human airway and intestinal epithelial cells. (anobase.org)
  • In patients with severe case of COVID-19, serum HMGB is elevated and exogenous HMGB1 induces the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 in alveolar epithelial cells in an AGER-dependent manner. (anobase.org)
  • Subsequent tissue repair processes are thought to initiate the transdifferentiation process, whereby ciliated epithelial cells first dedifferentiate and then redifferentiate to goblet cells, without an apparent increase in the total number of epithelial cells (Lumsden et al. (aopwiki.org)
  • Transdifferentiation was shown to occur following the activation of EGFR-mediated anti-apoptotic signaling in ciliated epithelial cells (Tyner et al. (aopwiki.org)
  • IL-13 stimulates transdifferentiation of ciliated epithelial cells to goblet cells through EGFR activation increasing MMP/ADAM activity and MAPK activation (Casalino-Matsuda et al. (aopwiki.org)
  • Isoforms of Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (WT1) have distinct effects on mammary epithelial cells. (famri.org)
  • We employed isogenic single and double mutants of the ompP5 and hap genes generated in the pathogenic strain NTHi375 to evaluate P5 and Hap contribution to biofilm growth under continuous flow, to NTHi adhesion, and invasion/phagocytosis on nasal, pharyngeal, bronchial, alveolar cultured epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages, and to NTHi murine pulmonary infection. (qub.ac.uk)
  • A deficiency of the CFTR leads to chloride channel dysfunction at the epithelial cells lining the airway and exocrine glands, causing accumulation of thickened mucous secretions. (hindawi.com)
  • Commercially available human airway epithelial cells are compatible with air-liquid interface (ALI) culture in PneumaCult-Ex™ and PneumaCult-ALI™ when they are seeded onto cell culture inserts no later than Passage 4. (cellculturedish.com)
  • In addition to human airway epithelial cells, PneumaCult media also work well with ferret and mouse airway epithelial cells. (cellculturedish.com)
  • Are sphere cultures of airway epithelial cells compatible with ICC analysis? (cellculturedish.com)
  • The authors were able to reproduce this in mouse airway epithelial cells. (alexberezow.com)
  • Temperature-dependent innate defense against the common cold virus limits viral replication at warm temperature in mouse airway cells. (alexberezow.com)
  • The target of the virus is epithelial cells either in the skin or mucosa (like in oral cavity or in the genital tract). (cdc.gov)
  • Physiological consequences associated with eosinophil-driven remodeling include impaired lung function and reduced bronchodilator reversibility in asthma, and obstructed airflow in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. (lu.se)
  • This review provides an overview of tissue remodeling in both health and airway disease with a particular focus on eosinophilic asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, as well as the role of eosinophils in these processes and the implications for therapeutic interventions. (lu.se)
  • Nasal polyps may be identified on anterior rhinoscopy or nasal endoscopy in up to 86% of children with CF, but the frequency varies in different populations and study groups [ 10 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial disease resulting from inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. (j-rhinology.org)
  • Currently, this disease classified as subgroups of patients based on nasal endoscopic findings, either accompanied by nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) [ 1 ]. (j-rhinology.org)
  • In the maxilla it can cause proptosis, epistaxis and nasal airway obstruction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) and GOLD 2023 have developed an updated definition of COPD as, "a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, expectoration, exacerbations) due to abnormalities of the airway (bronchitis, bronchiolitis) and/or alveoli (emphysema) that cause persistent, often progressive, airflow obstruction. (qxmd.com)
  • Most congenital neck masses are asymptomatic in the neonatal period, but depending on the location and the size, they can cause airway obstruction and serious complications at birth. (qxmd.com)
  • Physical findings may vary, but are mostly due to purulent drainage and mucosal changes resulting in nasal obstruction. (hindawi.com)
  • It is associated with two or more symptoms of either nasal obstruction or nasal discharge (anterior/posterior nasal drip), facial pain/pressure, and/or reduction/loss of smell. (j-rhinology.org)
  • Asthma is a clinical syndrome characterized by episodic reversible airway obstruction, increased bronchial reactivity, and airway inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • Interventional bronchoscopy in malignant central airway obstruction by extra-pulmonary malignancy. (medscape.com)
  • The current authors have previously demonstrated that diesel exhaust particles (DEP) enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in mice. (ersjournals.com)
  • Furthermore, a recent study has shown that organic chemicals in DEP, rather than their carbonaceous nuclei, are important contributors to the aggravating effects of airway inflammation. (ersjournals.com)
  • The current authors investigated the effects of naphthoquinone (NQ), one of the extractable chemical compounds of DEP, on antigen-related airway inflammation, local expression of cytokine proteins, and antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) production in mice. (ersjournals.com)
  • These results provide the first experimental evidence that naphthoquinone can enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in vivo , and that naphthoquinone can, to some extent, partly play a role in the pathogenesis of diesel exhaust particle toxicity on the condition. (ersjournals.com)
  • DEP enhance the antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E response 5 , 6 and aggravate airway inflammation induced by repetitive intratracheal instillation of antigen in vivo 7 - 10 . (ersjournals.com)
  • The current authors have recently demonstrated that extracted organic chemicals from DEP, rather than residual carbonaceous nuclei of DEP after extraction, predominantly enhance antigen-related airway inflammation in mice 17 . (ersjournals.com)
  • More recently, it has also been demonstrated that PQ aggravates antigen-related airway inflammation in mice, and that PQ also has adjuvant activity for antigen-specific Igs 25 . (ersjournals.com)
  • The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of NQ on airway inflammation, the local expression of cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 and chemokines such as eotaxin, macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and Ig production related to antigen exposure. (ersjournals.com)
  • Airway inflammation is a very common cause illness with a substantial impact on health care. (go.jp)
  • The recruitment of neutrophils in airway inflammation may account for the generation of IL-8. (go.jp)
  • High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), increased by various stimuli, is involved in the induction of airway inflammation, as well as the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. (anobase.org)
  • Thus, HMGB1 in the airway and intestine may be a therapeutic target in the severe inflammation of COVID-19. (anobase.org)
  • In the asthma model, the administration of ADE reduced inflammatory cell count and airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA-exposed animals with decreased levels of IL-4, IL-13, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E. These results were accompanied by the reduction of pulmonary inflammation and mucus secretion. (bvsalud.org)
  • As a result, we set out to investigate the effects of formononetin on airway inflammation and epithelial barrier repair in house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthmatic mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • We further expanded on formononetin's putative mode of action in reducing airway inflammation by modifying epithelial barrier dysfunction. (bvsalud.org)
  • Airway inflammation has been observed on bronchoscopy of cross-country skiers and in dogs after a 1100-mile endurance race in Alaska. (bmj.com)
  • Repeated peripheral airway hyperpnoea with dry air causes inflammation and remodelling in dogs. (bmj.com)
  • The inflammation results in the generation of large amounts of mucus , commonly producing a runny nose, as well as a stuffy nose and post-nasal drip. (explained.today)
  • Bronchiectasis is best considered the common end-point of various disorders that cause chronic airway inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The goal of this study was to quantify nanoparticle deposition in the rat nasal cavity and, more specifically, the olfactory region. (cdc.gov)
  • The role of the nasal cavity is to humidify and warm the inspired air. (nih.gov)
  • Also, as the air passes through, the nasal cavity removes minute airborne particles and other debris before the air reaches the lower airways. (nih.gov)
  • The nasal cavity also functions to facilitate drainage for the secretions from the adjacent paranasal sinuses. (nih.gov)
  • It also captures the odor bearing particles and transmits them to the olfactory recesses, that are in the superior portion of the nasal cavity, just medial to the superior turbinates. (nih.gov)
  • Air containing mucosal lined sinuses surround the nasal cavity, which includes the frontal, paired maxillary, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinuses. (nih.gov)
  • These cavities directly communicate with the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
  • The secretions from these sinuses drain into the nasal cavity via the thin-walled ostia. (nih.gov)
  • Like the nasal cavity, the wall lining of the sinuses also secretes mucus. (nih.gov)
  • The hard palate lines the floor of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
  • The nasal cavity is the most cephalic part of the respiratory tract. (nih.gov)
  • All of these paranasal sinuses, except the sphenoid, communicate with the nasal cavity via ducts that drain through ostia, which empty into spaces located on the lateral wall. (nih.gov)
  • Having a fundamental knowledge of the anatomy of the nasal cavity is vital in understanding its functions. (nih.gov)
  • As air traverses through the nasal cavity, it warms to body temperature and reaches near one hundred percent humidity. (nih.gov)
  • Under normal conditions, this tissue is continuously stimulated by sympathetic signals via the superior cervical ganglia to keep the nasal cavity uncongested. (nih.gov)
  • Particles that get past the nasal vestibule then become trapped in the mucosa of the nasal cavity. (nih.gov)
  • The mucus of the nasal cavity forms a protective barrier to inhaled pathogens. (nih.gov)
  • Factors contributing to the pathology of rhinosinusitis are mucociliary impairment, infection, allergy, mucosal edema, and, rarely, physical obstructions caused by morphological or anatomical variation in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinus [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The highest viral loads of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 are detectable in the oral cavity, so a potential reduction of infectious virus by nasal and oral sprays could reduce transmission. (c19early.org)
  • It was previously known that rhinoviruses are more likely to infect the nasal cavity than the lungs because of the lower temperature. (alexberezow.com)
  • The nasal cavity, which is more exposed to the environment, has a lower temperature (33-35 degrees C) than the lungs (37 degrees C). Rhinoviruses prefer lower temperatures, so they replicate more efficiently in the nasal cavity. (alexberezow.com)
  • This research hints that keeping your nasal cavity warm might be an effective way to prevent rhinovirus infection. (alexberezow.com)
  • Recently, the presence of local allergy in the nasal cavity was found in a number of patients diagnosed previously with non-allergic rhinitis [ 6 - 8 ]. (j-rhinology.org)
  • The human airway, from the nasal passage to the alveolar sacs, is covered with a continuous epithelial sheet that differs in morphology and cellular composition between the conducting and respiratory zones. (stemcell.com)
  • Dr. George Jakab and associates the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health examined the effects of inhaled formaldehyde, an airway irritant that is part of motor vehicle emissions, on alveolar macrophages. (healtheffects.org)
  • The factors governing the dosimetry of particles can be broadly grouped into two categories, one dealing with the physicochemical properties of the particles and the other with species-specifi c factors such as airway structure, ventilatory level, and mucociliary clearance and alveolar rates. (cdc.gov)
  • The method described here is now routinely used in our laboratory to establish long-term cultures of well differentiated respiratory epithelia from human airway biopsies. (unige.ch)
  • PneumaCult media also work well with primary human nasal and bronchial epithelial biopsies. (cellculturedish.com)
  • AEC were seeded onto microporous permeable supports that carried on their undersurface a preformed feeder layer of primary human airway fibroblasts. (unige.ch)
  • AEC at increasing passage were seeded onto supports undercoated with airway fibroblasts and exposed to air. (unige.ch)
  • The effect of histamine on airway epithelial permeability was studied in the upper airways. (soton.ac.uk)
  • Histamine challenge increased epithelial permeability, causing increased concentrations of total protein and albumin in nasal lavage. (soton.ac.uk)
  • Airway and intestinal epithelial permeability barriers are crucial in epithelial homeostasis. (anobase.org)
  • The tricellular tight junction molecule angulin-1/LSR is responsible for the epithelial permeability barrier at tricellular contacts and contributes to various human airway and intestinal inflammatory diseases. (anobase.org)
  • 109 It is possible that HMGB1 induced by COVID-19 infection may increase in HNECs and disrupt the epithelial permeability barriers. (anobase.org)
  • Nasal irrigation or nebulizing aerosol of isotonic or hypertonic saline is a traditional method for respiratory or nasal care. (springer.com)
  • Clinically, nasal or respiratory airway care with saline reduces symptoms of seasonal coronaviruses and other common cold viruses. (springer.com)
  • Saline interacts at various levels relevant to nasal or respiratory hygiene (nasal irrigation, gargling or aerosol). (springer.com)
  • nasal vestibule, respiratory region, and olfactory region. (nih.gov)
  • Increased respiratory support requirements such as increased inhaled oxygen concentration, positive pressure ventilation, or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) are commonly required before recovery begins. (medscape.com)
  • Colonization of the airways with potential pathogenic bacteria is observed in a number of chronic respiratory diseases, such as COPD or cystic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bacterial surface proteins play determining roles in the NTHi-airways interplay, but their specific and relative contribution to colonization and infection of the respiratory tract has not been addressed comprehensively. (qub.ac.uk)
  • Winter athletes have a high prevalence of respiratory symptoms and airway hyper-responsiveness to methacholine and hyperpnoea. (bmj.com)
  • NQ contributes to DEP toxicity through the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity in vitro 26 , which raises the possibility that NQ may facilitate airway inflammatory conditions in vivo . (ersjournals.com)
  • An increased concentration of HMGB1 in the serum may contribute to several infectious and inflammatory diseases of the airway and intestine. (anobase.org)
  • Formononetin, a bioactive isoflavone and typical phytoestrogen, has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory impact while alleviating epithelial barrier dysfunction, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of allergic illnesses like asthma. (bvsalud.org)
  • Evidences for local allergy are supported by clinical symptoms, local production of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE), a type 2 helper T cell inflammatory pattern in nasal secretions during natural exposure to aeroallergens, and a positive response to nasal allergen provocation with local nasal production of slgE to aeroallergens, tryptase, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) [ 9 ]. (j-rhinology.org)
  • Surrounding the nasal cavities are air-containing mucosal lined sinuses, which include the frontal sinuses (superior anterior), ethmoid sinuses (superior), paired maxillary sinuses (lateral), and sphenoid sinuses (posterior). (nih.gov)
  • The calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT), also known as a Pindborg tumor, is an odontogenic tumor first recognized by the Danish pathologist Jens Jørgen Pindborg in 1955. (wikipedia.org)
  • E-cig users develop changes in lung function which manifest peripheral obstructive airway involvement (7). (researchsquare.com)
  • The acute effects of exercise in cold air are neutrophil influx as demonstrated in lavage fluid and airway epithelial damage as demonstrated by bronchoscopy. (bmj.com)
  • As it is currently unknown if these airway changes are reversible upon cessation of exposure, preventive measures to diminish exposure of the lower airways to cold air should be instituted by all winter sports athletes. (bmj.com)
  • The objective of the present study was to investigate nasal transcriptomic profiles associated with dog dander sensitisation in school children and to reveal clinical symptoms related with these profiles. (ersjournals.com)
  • Given the contribution of airway remodeling to the development and persistence of symptoms in airways disease, targeting remodeling is an important. (lu.se)
  • The most frequent presenting symptoms of sinus disease in CF are nasal congestion and purulent nasal discharge, but headache, mouth breathing, anosmia, and hyposmia related to chronic sinus disease are commonly reported as well. (hindawi.com)
  • However, both the virus infection and MV disrupt the balance between secretion and elimination of airway mucus and lead to mucus accumulation in the lung. (techscience.com)
  • Rodriguez MC, Hjelte L. Time point to perform lung function tests evaluating the effects of an airway clearance therapy session in cystic fibrosis. (karolinska.se)
  • Experiments on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were performed in vitro to determine the effect of formononetin on bronchial epithelial barrier repair. (bvsalud.org)
  • In Vitro study of seven nasal sprays and two oral sprays showing 3.4x lower viral load (log viral load 5.98->5.45) with a nasal spray containing carragelose (1.2 mg/mL), kappa-carrageenan (0.4 mg/mL), and sodium chlorite. (c19early.org)
  • cough can be dry, but secretions can be clear to mucopurulent, and thus need to be mobilized to be removed from the airways. (springer.com)
  • These studies suggest that quinones may be key compounds in the enhancing effects of DEP on allergic airway diseases. (ersjournals.com)
  • Background The clinical presentation of children sensitised to dog dander varies from asymptomatic to severe allergic airway disease, but the genetic mechanisms underlying these differences are not clear. (ersjournals.com)
  • Conclusions Overexpression of CST1 is associated with more severe allergic airway disease in children sensitised to dog dander. (ersjournals.com)
  • CST1 is thus a possible biomarker of the severity of allergic airway disease and a possible therapeutic target for the future treatment of airborne allergy. (ersjournals.com)
  • Bitter, sweet, and umami qualities rely predominantly on two distinct families of GPCRs, Tas1R and Tas2R (T1R and T2R), first identified in taste tissues in 1999, but subsequently identified in other tissues, including gut and airway epithelia. (the-scientist.com)
  • Because of ethical and experimental constraints and more important, to reduce and refine animal experimentation, we used our repository of well-differentiated airway epithelial cell (AEC) cultures from various domesticated and wildlife animal species to assess their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. (cdc.gov)
  • Rodriguez Hortal MC, Hjelte L, Nygren-Bonnier M. Non invasive ventilation as airway clearance technique in cystic fibrosis. (karolinska.se)
  • Nasal potential difference measurements in diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: An international survey. (karolinska.se)
  • This paper outlines the etiology, evaluation, and management of the nasal and sinus manifestations in patients with cystic fibrosis. (hindawi.com)
  • Nasal lavage fluids (NLFs) were collected from all subjects and analyzed for total IgE, eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-4, IL-10, IL-17A, interferon-γ). (j-rhinology.org)
  • Assistance with live imaging of cilia function and models of airway clearance are available using core instruments including videomicroscopy. (wustl.edu)
  • Methods RNA was extracted from nasal epithelial cell brushings of children sensitised to dog dander and healthy controls. (ersjournals.com)
  • We explored the physiological implications of both drugs on ventilation and airway patency in anaesthetized mice. (qxmd.com)
  • ZO-2 and ZO-3 are ubiquitously expressed within epithelial tight junctions, and unlike ZO-1, which is also expressed at cell junctions of cardiac myocytes, ZO-2 is not expressed in nonepithelial tissue. (thermofisher.com)
  • Postmortem examination verified that the lungs in patients died of COVID-19 are indeed filled with sticky mucus, suggesting a great need to improve airway mucus clearance in critically ill COVID-19 patients. (techscience.com)
  • Therefore, it may be helpful to comprehensively review the current understanding regarding the changes of biochemical and rheological features of airway mucus associated with the disease, as well as the physiological principles and algorithm to decide airway clearance techniques suitable for the critically ill COVID-19 patients. (techscience.com)
  • Based on these considerations, optimized strategies may be developed to eliminate the airway mucus accumulated in the airways of critically ill COVID-19 patients. (techscience.com)
  • The cilia on the surface sweep the mucus in a carpet like fashion and move them towards the nasal ostia. (nih.gov)
  • There was little change in airflow measurements, which could reflect a non-specific effect of histamine mediated via airway irritant receptors. (soton.ac.uk)
  • It regulates the nasal airflow by controlling the blood volume in the erectile tissue on the inferior turbinate and anterior septum. (nih.gov)
  • HMGB1 enhances epithelial hyperpermeability. (anobase.org)
  • The ability of human tissue to reorganize and restore its existing structure underlies tissue homeostasis in the healthy airways, but in disease can persist without normal resolution, leading to an altered airway structure. (lu.se)
  • 2003). EGFR was shown to be a key player in this process in both murine and human airway epithelia (Tyner et al. (aopwiki.org)
  • Similarly, accidental inhalation of a beverage into the airways triggers taste receptors there, but rather than evoking a sensation of taste, the substance is irritating and provokes choking or coughing. (the-scientist.com)
  • Airway epithelial injury can be caused by various inhalation exposures (e.g. cigarette smoke, sulfur dioxide, endotoxin, viruses). (aopwiki.org)
  • These findings highlight the complexity of microbiome interactions in the airways, possibly contributing to the susceptibility to exacerbations and the natural course of airway diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Eosinophils play a cardinal role in airway remodeling both in health and disease, driving epithelial homeostasis and extracellular matrix turnover. (lu.se)
  • One nasal spray based on sodium hypochlorite and one oral spray containing essential oils reduced viral titres by two to three orders of magnitude. (c19early.org)
  • Therefore, the inactivation capacity of nine nasal and oral sprays was evaluated according to EN 14476. (c19early.org)
  • Although clinical data are still sparse, nasal and oral sprays display a more convenient application for elderly people or those who are unable to rinse/gargle. (c19early.org)
  • We therefore investigated the mechanisms by which saline nasal spray/irrigation or aerosol may limit SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and spread. (springer.com)
  • Simulations predicted that nasal deposition decreased with increasing particle size: more than 90% of 1-nm particles and less than 1% of 100-nm particles were filtered by the nose. (cdc.gov)
  • Endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation are fundamental components for the resuscitation of neurocritically ill patients to achieve various goals which include ensuring the protection of the airway, participating in tissue oxygen delivery and indirectly modulating cerebral vascular reactivity. (qxmd.com)
  • This paper will provide an aid in clinical decision making by outlining the etiology, evaluation, and management of the nasal and sinus manifestations in patients with CF from an evidence based perspective. (hindawi.com)
  • Bilateral medial displacement of the lateral nasal wall in the middle meatus and uncinate process demineralization were the most commonly encountered radiological findings, prevalent in 74% of patients. (hindawi.com)
  • Diffuse bronchiectasis develops most often in patients with genetic, immunologic, or anatomic defects that affect the airways. (msdmanuals.com)