• We show that the human CYP27 gene is under coupled regulation by retinoids and ligands of PPARs via a PPAR-retinoic acid receptor response element in its promoter. (nih.gov)
  • Multiomics and pharmacological intervention showed that FBXW7 loss-of-function in hepatocytes disrupts a metabolic transcriptional axis conjointly controlled by the nutrient-sensing nuclear receptors ERRα and PPARα, resulting in suppression of fatty acid oxidation, elevated ER stress, apoptosis, immune infiltration, fibrogenesis, and ultimately NASH progression in male mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. (icr.ac.uk)
  • Classical P450 inducers did not affect CYP26 transcription whereas PPARγ agonists, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, up-regulated CYP26B1 transcription by as much as 209 ± 80-fold and CYP26A1 by 10-fold. (aspetjournals.org)
  • CYP26B1 induction by PPARγ agonists was abolished by the irreversible PPARγ antagonist (GW9662) whereas RARβ and CYP26A1 induction was unaffected by GW9662. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Natural regulators of brown and beige fat include external conditions like cold temperatures, and exercise, as well as internal mechanisms like thyroid hormones, beta-adrenergic hormones, retinoids, PPARγ and PPARα agonists, and the liver X receptor. (mrsupps.com)
  • Leptin and adiponectin can augment the oxidation of fatty acid in liver by activating the nuclear receptor super-family of transcription factors, namely peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α. (wjgnet.com)
  • It is also related to increased adiponectin (APN) expression associated with adipocyte differentiation, as well as the expression of adipogenic genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ( PPAR) ( 22 , 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist and an anti-inflammatory agent, on cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity, and its anticancer activity in DMBA induced breast cancer rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha) have been linked to the regulation of these processes. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. (icr.ac.uk)
  • Structure-activity relationships of FXR-active compounds revealed by this screening were then compared against the androgen receptor, estrogen receptor α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors δ and γ and the vitamin D receptor. (nature.com)
  • One of the mediators of the positive metabolic effects of endurance exercise is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). (mrsupps.com)
  • Most such compounds are agonists or antagonists. (bocsci.com)
  • These include all-trans retinoic acid binds with high affinity to ROR-β and -γ but not ROR-α. (wikipedia.org)
  • SR1001 binds specifically to the ligand-binding domains of RORα and RORγt, inducing a conformational change within the ligand-binding domain that encompasses the repositioning of helix 12 and leads to diminished affinity for co-activators and increased affinity for co-repressors, resulting in suppression of the receptors' transcriptional activity. (nature.com)
  • The intracellular C-terminus is usually thought to interact with G-proteins that bind guanidine-nucleotides (GDP, GTP) and can activate downstream effectors such as adenyl cyclases, phospholipases, phosphodiesterases and ion channels when an agonist binds to the extracellular portion of the receptor [2]. (nos-nop.org)
  • The DNA-binding domain (DBD) of the hGRα corresponds to amino acids 420-480 and contains 2 zinc finger motifs through which the hGRα binds to specific DNA sequences, the glucocorticoid-response elements (GREs) in the promoter region(s) of target genes. (medscape.com)
  • After initial binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) on the cell surface, the virus binds to its primary receptor called sodium-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) through the large surface protein (LHBsAg) preS1 domain and enters the cytoplasm with the help of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) [5, 6]. (ghuhlo.top)
  • These diverse actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily and functions as a hormone-dependent transcription factor. (brainimmune.com)
  • The retinoid X receptor (RXR) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily. (cancer-research-network.com)
  • At the cellular level, the actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by a 94-kd protein, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The human (h) GR belongs to the steroid/thyroid/retinoic acid superfamily of nuclear receptors and functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor that regulates the expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes positively or negatively. (medscape.com)
  • Hiroyuki Kagechika spends much of his time researching Stereochemistry, Retinoic acid, Retinoid X receptor, Retinoic acid receptor and Retinoid. (research.com)
  • Retinoid X receptor is a subfield of Biochemistry that Hiroyuki Kagechika tackles. (research.com)
  • His primary areas of study are Stereochemistry, Retinoic acid, Retinoid, Biochemistry and Retinoid X receptor. (research.com)
  • His biological study spans a wide range of topics, including Agonist, Endocrinology, Retinoid X receptor alpha and Internal medicine. (research.com)
  • His study in Retinoic acid is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Babylonia japonica, Retinoid X receptor and Raf kinase. (research.com)
  • Our findings suggest that nuclear receptor-regulated CYP27 expression is likely to be a key integrator of retinoic acid receptor-PPARgamma-LXR signaling, relying on natural ligands and contributing to lipid metabolism in macrophages. (nih.gov)
  • Although the mechanisms underlying these effects are not known, these results suggest that RAR- and RXR-binding ligands exert distinct effects on hepatic metabolism, and they indicate the potential for drug-drug interactions, especially involving CYP3A. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The nature of such interactions would depend on the RAR/RXR selectivity of the ligand and the P450 isozymes responsible for the metabolism of coadministered drugs. (aspetjournals.org)
  • RORγ is known to activate transcription through ligand-dependent interactions with co-regulators and is involved in the development of secondary lymphoid tissues, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, the circadian rhythm, and metabolism homeostasis. (stratech.co.uk)
  • The P450 26 family is believed to be responsible for retinoic acid (RA) metabolism and elimination in the human fetus and adults. (aspetjournals.org)
  • It has a number of functions in the body, including influencing muscle fiber type determination, controlling lactate metabolism, and increasing amino acid breakdown in response to exercise stimulus. (mrsupps.com)
  • SR1001 is a selective RORα and RORγ inverse agonist. (nature.com)
  • The benzenesulfonamide T0901317 is a novel RORα/γ inverse agonist. (nature.com)
  • Another example is SR1001, a selective RORγt inverse agonist that is being investigated for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. (stratech.co.uk)
  • INDIGO's RAR-related Orphan Receptor Gamma (RORγ) assay kit is an all-inclusive firefly luciferase reporter assay system that includes, in addition to RORγ Reporter Cells, two optimized media for use during cell culture and (optionally) in diluting the test samples, a reference inverse-agonist, Luciferase Detection Reagent, a cell culture-ready assay plate, and a detailed protocol. (stratech.co.uk)
  • The principle application of this reporter assay is in the screening of test samples to quantify inverse-agonist or agonist activities that they may exert against mouse RORγ. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • The principal application of this assay is in the screening of test samples to quantify any functional activity, either agonist or antagonist, that they may exert against mRORg. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • His main research concerns Cancer research, Antagonist, Cell biology, Progesterone receptor and Endoplasmic reticulum. (research.com)
  • Unlike other SGAs, such as clozapine and olanzapine, risperidone is a derivative of benzisoxazole with multiple receptor antagonist properties, making it more effective against negative symptoms and more beneficial on both affective symptoms and cognitive impairments ( 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Using retinoic acid receptor (RAR) reporter cells specific for either RAR alpha, beta or gamma, we have identified synthetic retinoids which specifically induce transactivation by RAR beta, while antagonizing RA-induced transactivation by RAR alpha and RAR gamma. (nih.gov)
  • Like RA, these synthetic retinoids allow all three RAR types to repress AP1 (c-Jun/c-Fos) activity, demonstrating that the transactivation and transrepression functions of RARs can be dissociated by properly designed ligands. (nih.gov)
  • Retinoids are compounds that bind to and activate one or more retinoid receptors to elicit various physiological responses. (aspetjournals.org)
  • There are two families of retinoid receptors, i.e. retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR), for which the various synthetic and naturally occurring retinoids have differing selectivities. (aspetjournals.org)
  • 1471-2407-9-200-S3.tiff (772K) GUID:?8C75A8BF-4BD6-4E11-9902-CD74928DF9B8 Abstract Background RAI3 can be an orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that is connected with malignancy and could are likely involved in the proliferation of breast cancer cells. (nos-nop.org)
  • Background RAI3 belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are the largest and most abundant receptor family in mammals consisting of more than a thousand users. (nos-nop.org)
  • SNIPERs are hybrid molecules consisting of an appropriate ligand for the protein of interest, coupled to a ligand for inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), which target the bound protein for polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. (bocsci.com)
  • Methods in Molecular Biology Series: "Protein-Ligand Interactions and Drug Design. (medchem.fi)
  • Detection of binding sites on SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein receptor-binding domain by molecular dynamics simulations in mixed solvents.IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, 18: 1281-1289. (medchem.fi)
  • The human GR is a modular protein composed of distinct regions illustrated in panel B in the image below, as follows: (1) The amino-terminal A/B region, also called immunogenic or N-terminal domain (NTD) and (2) the C, D, and E regions, which correspond to the DNA-binding domain, the hinge region, and the ligand-binding domain, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • The AF-1 plays an important role in the interaction of the receptor with molecules necessary for the initiation of transcription, such as coactivators, chromatin modulators, and basal transcription factors, including RNA polymerase II, TATA-binding protein (TBP), and a host of TBP-associated proteins (TAFIIs). (medscape.com)
  • In this study, we investigated the adjuvant activities of combinations of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists in a SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain protein vaccine. (ijbs.com)
  • Intersecting analysis, molecular docking, and pathway validation analysis showed that risperidone influences the adipocytokine signaling pathway by targeting MAPK14 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 14), MAPK8 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 8), and RXRA (retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha), thereby inhibiting long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation by decreasing STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) expression and phosphorylation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Risperidone upregulates fatty acid synthase (FASN) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) expression in hepatocyte cultures and mouse liver by targeting the hepatic SREBP-1c/FASN couple, which is also one of the mechanisms by which risperidone induces weight gain ( 24 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Interestingly, one of the PG-enriched genes, the nuclear hormone receptor 3 (HR3), was decreased after azadirachtin treatment, which plays a critical role in the 20-hydroxyecdysone action during ecdysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • FXR contains a DNA-binding domain for docking to target genes with an FXR response element (FXRE) and a ligand-binding domain (LBD) used by intracellular ligands. (nature.com)
  • RORγ is activated by multiple endogenous ligands and controls the expression of genes involved in immune cell differentiation and function. (stratech.co.uk)
  • In this study, we designed and synthesized degradation inducers targeting retinoic acid receptor (RAR), estrogen receptor (ER), and androgen receptor (AR). (bocsci.com)
  • His Cancer research research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Cancer, Epithelial cell adhesion molecule, Cell culture, Stem cell and Androgen receptor. (research.com)
  • Tamibarotene (formerly SY-1425) is an oral selective retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARa) agonist. (michigannewsupdates.com)
  • When RARa is expressed in excess of its tightly controlled natural ligand, cells in the bone marrow may not differentiate into healthy myeloid cells, which can lead to hematological malignancies. (michigannewsupdates.com)
  • His primary areas of investigation include RYR1, Cell biology, Cancer research, Pharmacology and Ryanodine receptor. (research.com)
  • Nucleic Acids Research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Members of the institute have published in a wide range of peer-reviewed journals, including Nature, Molecular Cell, Angewandte Chemie, JACS, Science Advances, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Nucleic Acids Research, Chemical Science and many others. (le.ac.uk)
  • In addition to mRORg Reporter Cells, this kit provides two optimized media for use during cell culture and in diluting the user's test samples, a reference agonist, Luciferase Detection Reagent, and a cell culture-ready assay plate. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • Melatonin has been claimed to be an endogenous ligand for ROR-α while CGP 52608 has been identified as a ROR-α selective synthetic ligand. (wikipedia.org)
  • A number of synthetic RORγt inverse agonists are in various stages of drug development for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we present SR1001, a high-affinity synthetic ligand-the first in a new class of compound-that is specific to both RORα and RORγt and which inhibits T H 17 cell differentiation and function. (nature.com)
  • He has been working on a synthetic RORα/γ agonist for some years and has investigated its use as both a cancer therapy and an autism therapy. (epiphanyasd.com)
  • Utilizing a synthetic RORα/γ agonist, SR1078, that we identified previously, we demonstrate that treatment of BTBR mice (a model of autism) with SR1078 results in reduced repetitive behavior. (epiphanyasd.com)
  • Thus, organisms cannot survive in the absence of glucocorticoid action, as observed in the mouse model in which the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene is genetically deleted [3]. (brainimmune.com)
  • A) Schematic representation of the structure of the human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR) gene. (medscape.com)
  • While the identity of natural ligands for the RORs remains controversial, similar to the liver X receptors (LXRs), it appears that the RORs are activated by oxysterols. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, the RORs appear to be constitutively active (absence of ligand) and that activity may be due to continuously bound natural ligands. (wikipedia.org)
  • It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. (icr.ac.uk)
  • Ordinary white fat stores energy in the form of fat droplets, one droplet per adipocyte, which can be broken down by lipolysis into free fatty acids which are circulated into the blood stream and transported to the fuel-requiring tissue where they undergo beta-oxidation to acetyl-CoA which can be used to generate energy through the Krebs cycle. (mrsupps.com)
  • Among the peripheral signals that are generated to regulate the uptake of food, signals from adipose tissue are of major relevance and involve the maintenance of energy homeostasis through processes such as lipogenesis, lipolysis, and oxidation of fatty acids. (wjgnet.com)
  • In addition to promoting fatty acid synthesis and inhibiting lipolysis, calcitriol has been demonstrated to increase energy efficiency by suppressing UCP2 expression, which is modulated by signaling pathways of classical nuclear receptors (nVDR), where calcitriol acts as a natural ligand 3 . (drugbank.com)
  • Risperidone increases adipocyte lipid accumulation by plausibly inhibiting long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation through targeting MAPK14 and MAPK8. (frontiersin.org)
  • Heterodimer with other nuclear receptors, such as RXRA. (icr.ac.uk)
  • The heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor RXRA is called adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6. (icr.ac.uk)
  • The Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor Gamma (RORγ or RORC) is an intracellular transcription factor that is part of the nuclear hormone receptor family . (stratech.co.uk)
  • This is an all-inclusive cell-based luciferase reporter assay kit targeting the Mouse RAR-related Orphan Receptor gamma (mRORg). (indigobiosciences.com)
  • RAR-related orphan receptor gamma (ROR-gamma), also known as NR1F3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group F, member 3) is a nuclear receptor encoded by the RORG gene. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates the homeostasis of bile acids, lipids and glucose. (nature.com)
  • Naturally occurring all- trans -retinoic acid (Tretinoin) has a degree of selectivity for RAR, whereas ALRT1057 (9- cis -retinoic acid, Panretin) is equally active at RAR and RXR ( i.e . a pan-agonist). (aspetjournals.org)
  • reprogramming of multiple signaling pathways, including the retinoic acid (RA) pathway. (mystrikingly.com)
  • His MAPK/ERK pathway study combines topics in areas such as Binding domain and Retinoic acid. (research.com)
  • We recently suggested an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor pathway as an additional and previously unknown regulator of bivalve metamorphosis. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Because endogenous chemicals bind and activate FXR, it is important to examine which xenobiotic compounds would disrupt normal receptor function. (nature.com)
  • Compounds that regulate the function(s) of nuclear receptors (NRs) are useful for biological studies and as candidate therapeutic agents. (bocsci.com)
  • 53 , 54 Thus, we believe that focused optimization of RORα ligands will provide compounds that will have improved efficacy in this model. (epiphanyasd.com)
  • Side chain oxygenated sterols (e.g., 20α-hydroxycholesterol, 22R-hydroxycholesterol, and 25-hydroxycholesterol) are high affinity RORγ agonists while sterols oxygenated at the 7-position, (e.g., (7-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol) function as inverse agonists for both RORa and RORγ. (wikipedia.org)
  • If an analog of Bex can be developed which retains high affinity RXR binding similar to the 9-cis retinoic acid while exhibiting less interference for heterodimerization pathways, it would be of great clinical significance in improving the quality of life for patients with CTCL. (asu.edu)
  • One of the products of amino acid breakdown in muscle tissue is β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), arising from the degradation of thymine and valine. (mrsupps.com)
  • C) Enlargement of part of the DBD showing the amino acid sequence (single letter codes) of the 2 zinc fingers and the dimerization loop (in bold). (medscape.com)
  • These are identical through amino acid 727, but then diverge, with hGRα having an additional 50 amino acids and hGRβ having an additional, nonhomologous 15 amino acids. (medscape.com)
  • The NTD of the hGRα contains a major transactivation domain, termed activation function (AF)-1, which is located between amino acids 77 and 262 of the hGRα and is ligand-independent. (medscape.com)
  • Hydrophobic residue Phe23 is a critical amino acid in the ligand binding domain. (ghuhlo.top)
  • The ROR nuclear orphan receptor subfamily: critical regulators of multiple biological processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • INDIGO's cell-based reporter assays allow scientists to detect any biological activity that their test samples may exert against a specific receptor present in the cell. (stratech.co.uk)
  • 1. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of nuclear receptor-degradation inducers. (bocsci.com)
  • The results from these studies reveal that specific alterations in the core structure of the Bex "parent" compound structure can have dramatic effects in modifying the biological activity of RXR agonists. (asu.edu)
  • His Stereochemistry research is multidisciplinary, incorporating perspectives in Biological activity, Benzoic acid, Molecule and Amide. (research.com)
  • Dose-response analyses of the mouse RORγ Assay were performed using the inverseagonists Ursolic Acid (provided),T09013173 (Tocris), and SR1001 (Cayman Chemical). (indigobiosciences.com)
  • These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • It remains to be identified how activation of these receptors is connected and regulated by endogenous lipid molecules. (nih.gov)
  • Risperidone-induced weight gain is associated with a number of factors, including gene polymorphisms ( 12 - 14 ), exercise ( 15 - 17 ), peripheral molecules ( 18 ), and hyperphagia caused by regulating the expression of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) ( 19 - 21 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • RIG-I is a cytoplasmic RNA helicase that belongs to the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) family and triggers an antiviral immune response by the activation of type-I interferons (IFN-α and -β) [1]. (invivogen.com)
  • A receptor family, retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) consist of three members, RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2. (rutgers.edu)
  • Transducin ß-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1) and nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) are instrumental within the GC, modulating myriad oncogenic pathways. (bvsalud.org)
  • Function of RIG-I-like Receptors in Antiviral Innate Immunity. (invivogen.com)
  • Due to the broad functions of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in innate immunity, the drive for the development of TLR2-targeted therapeutic treatments has accelerated in recent decades. (mdpi.com)
  • The orphan nuclear receptor RORγt directs the differentiation program of proinflammatory IL-17 + T helper cells. (nature.com)
  • Manel, N., Unutmaz, D. & Littman, D. R. The differentiation of human TH-17 cells requires transforming growth factor-β and induction of the nuclear receptor RORγt. (nature.com)
  • Various studies demonstrated expression of vitamin D receptors in cancer cell lines, including mouse myeloid leukemia cells 1 . (drugbank.com)
  • The combination of these two agonists enhanced the expression of cytokines for Th1 and Th17 responses and suppressed the expression of cytokines for Th2 response in these cells. (ijbs.com)
  • However, exposure to MK-801 did not alter the expression of selected key enzymes, suggesting that NMDA receptors do not regulate the biosynthesis of catecholamines via gene expression. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • RORγt agonists have also been proposed for use as immunooncology agents to activate the immune system to treat cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • 5'OH dsRNA has been shown to activate RIG-I, indicating an overlap in ligands between LGP2 and RIG-I. Competition assays show 5'OH dsRNA preferentially interacts with LGP2, suggesting a mechanism in which LGP2 sequesters non-PAMP ligand of RIG-I to diminish misactivations. (rutgers.edu)
  • They are characterised by the characteristic structure of an extracellular ligand-binding domain name, and internal seven-pass transmembrane domain name (7-TM) consisting of seven membrane-spanning -helices, and an internal C-terminal domain name [1]. (nos-nop.org)
  • The N-terminal DNA binding domain (DBD) of the native mRORγ receptor has been substituted with that of the yeast GAL4-DBD. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • PROTAC RAR Degrader-1 comprises a cIAP1 ligand binding group, a linker and a RAR ligand binding group. (bocsci.com)
  • Characteristics of nucleic acid binding by LGP2 are not understood, and its relationship with RIG-I needs further studies. (rutgers.edu)
  • Subsequently, we cloned three NMDA receptor subunits CgNR1, CgNR2A and CgNR2B, with sequence analysis suggesting successful assembly of functional NMDA receptor complexes and binding to natural occurring agonists and the channel blocker MK-801. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Adjuvants formulated with a TLR9 agonist, CpG-2722, with various cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) that are STING agonists increased germinal center B cell response and elicited humoral immune responses in immunized mice. (ijbs.com)