Aggregation liquid droplets liquid phases. Medical search. Frequent questions

His specific research interests emphasize the role of protein aggregation in neurodegenerative disease as well as metabolic consequences of stress linked to protein aggregation or cellular damage. (wikipedia.org)
This work prompted the concept that "regulated protein aggregation", which provides a theoretical framework for understanding the biology of neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. (wikipedia.org)
Alzheimer's disease causes neurons to die and break down, and involves high levels of a peptide called amyloid and aggregations of a protein called tau. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Zinc promotes liquid-liquid phase separation of tau protein, forming highly dynamic liquid droplets. (padiracinnovation.org)
Perfluorocarbon droplets were dispersed in a protein-rich growth medium and were used as temporary liquid microcarriers for hMSC culture. (aston.ac.uk)
Perfluorocarbon droplets were dispersed in a protein-rich growth medium and were used as temporary liquid microcarriers for hMSC culture.RESULTS: hMSCs successfully attached to these liquid microcarriers, exhibiting similar morphologies to those cultured on solid ones. (aston.ac.uk)
Abstract: 'Here, [investigators] utilize a novel technique, ultrafast-scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy [FCS], to measure the molecular interactions and full coexistence curves (binodals), which quantify the protein concentration within LAF-1 droplets. (harvard.edu)
FCS allows for precise measurements of molecular concentrations and diffusion coefficients, and has been employed for studying protein aggregation [ref 24]. (harvard.edu)
P.1123 left column bottom paragraph: 'A surprising finding is that LAF-1 and its IDR [intrinsically disordered region] phase separate into liquid droplets of ultra-low protein concentration, which correspond to the semi-dilute regime. (harvard.edu)
Scientists have discovered the first evidence of protein folding driven by liquid-liquid phase separation, a phenomenon in which fluids form into microscopic droplets and separate inside cells - like drops of oil in water. (nd.edu)
In a study published in the journal Chemical Science , researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that elevated concentrations of proteins within the droplets triggered a folding event, increasing the potential for protein aggregation - or misfolding - which has been linked to neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). (nd.edu)
There's also evidence that they can drive various chemical reactions such as protein aggregation. (nd.edu)
While the research did not test for evidence of aggregation of the proteins, Serrano explained protein folding and aggregation are intimately linked. (nd.edu)
Similarly, a homogeneously mixed protein solution may convert via LLPS into a dense phase comprising liquid droplets, and a light dilute phase. (researchmatters.in)
In a recent study , researchers at the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, have studied the mechanism behind the phase separation of the tau protein fragment that forms characteristic aggregates associated with Alzheimer's disease. (researchmatters.in)
The tau protein is known to undergo phase separation to form liquid droplets under natural conditions. (researchmatters.in)
The study found that in the phase-separated liquid droplets, the unwinding of tau's polypeptide chains allow the chains to interact with each other, giving rise to the fluidic nature of the protein assembly. (researchmatters.in)
Unsurprisingly, microfluidics has recently gained prevalence as a technology to aid in high throughput automation, with both MS and HPLC techniques as an avenue towards process automation and away from the need of manual in-process testing.3 A common product attribute that needs to be monitored in biopharmaceutical manufacturing is protein aggregation, which is known to influence a product's safety and efficacy. (technologynetworks.com)
Scientists at the University of Sheffield looked to overcome this hurdle by developing an automated small-scale analytical platform workflow, combining purification and aggregation analysis of protein biopharmaceuticals expressed in 96 deep well plate cell cultures.4 Their workflow utilized a liquid handler equipped with a protein-A PhyTip column for purification and a size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) column for aggregate monitoring. (technologynetworks.com)
While the egg whites in the salt aggregated, the ones with ATP did not: The ATP was preventing protein aggregation at the concentrations found in living cells. (uteckie.com)
The Balbiani body is believed to protect mitochondria during the oocyte's dormant phase by clustering a majority of the mitochondria together with long amyloid protein fibers. (uteckie.com)
For protein systems, we focus on block proteins that undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) as a preassembly step for structural protein materials. (aalto.fi)
Currently, I work on topics such as protein folding in cellular environments, protein aggregation, and phase separation of biomolecular condensates. (lu.se)

Recently, the biophysics of RNA granule formation has been shown to fall under the aegis of a general property, termed liquid liquid phase separation (LLPS). (wikipedia.org)
A partially helical region in the predominantly disordered C-terminal domain harbors several mutations associated with ALS and is important for TDP-43 function and liquid-liquid phase separation. (padiracinnovation.org)
The observed Zn2+ promoted TDP-43 C-terminal fragments solid-like phase separation can be relevant to the Zn2+ dyshomeostasis in ALS and FTLD-TDP. (padiracinnovation.org)
But the team discovered specific rough particles frustrate the usual process of phase separation. (nanowerk.com)
These organelles are biomolecular condensates of proteins and nucleic acids and are formed via a process called liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). (researchmatters.in)
Though this happens naturally in all cells, we now know that Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs), which lack an ordered three-dimensional structure, can cause such biological phase separation that is crucial for cellular functions. (researchmatters.in)
Therefore, it is important to unveil the pathway by which tau undergoes phase separation and maturation," he says. (researchmatters.in)
Now, researchers from the Institute of Process Engineering (IPE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have explored strategies to control the mechanical properties of hydrogels by using the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)-mediated self-assembly principle without changing the chemical composition of hydrogels. (cas.cn)
This effect can be visualized in the phenomenon called phase separation. (wikipedia.org)
I was thrilled and honored to share the 2020 Wiley Prize with my friends and colleagues, Cliff Brangwynne and Tony Hyman, and I am pleased to have the opportunity to explain how my lab came upon multivalency-driven liquid-liquid phase separation and intersected with Cliff and Tony. (hymanlab.org)
This philosophy from early in my scientific career stuck with me, and I believe was instrumental in my lab's contribution to the discovery of multivalency-driven liquid-liquid phase separation as a general principle in cell organization. (hymanlab.org)

Abstract: '[Investigators] find that LAF-1 and other in vitro and intracellular droplets are characterized by an effective mesh size of ∼3-8 nm, which determines the size scale at which droplet properties impact molecular diffusion and permeability. (harvard.edu)

A highly unusual and important aspect of these proteins is that they use reversible aggregation as normal biological mechanism to sequester RNA transcripts. (wikipedia.org)
these RNA binding proteins consolidate to form RNA granules through reversible aggregation of their low complexity domains. (wikipedia.org)
LLPS occurs when RNA binding proteins associate to form structures analogous to liquid droplets, which separate from surrounding aqueous medium. (wikipedia.org)
Phase behaviour of disordered proteins underlying low density and high permeability of liquid organelles. (harvard.edu)
These particular proteins are intrinsically disordered - they have no well-defined structure - but when forced together by these droplets, we see evidence of folding," said Arnaldo Serrano , assistant professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Notre Dame and principal investigator of the study. (nd.edu)
Proteins often fold into intermediate structures along the way towards aggregation. (nd.edu)
We've validated this idea that proteins in the droplet don't have a lot of room and are forced to fold - the next logical step is they're forced to aggregate. (nd.edu)
Two types of proteins (red, yellow) isolated from the nucleoli of frog eggs can spontaneously organize into condensate droplets. (uteckie.com)
Coacervate / condensate phase of polyelectrolytes and proteins. (aalto.fi)

However, f-CNTs showed less degree of aggregation compared with nf-CNTs. (uconn.edu)
The introduction of different stirring times affected the particle size and shape and the degree of aggregation. (hindawi.com)

The key breakthrough was using engineered roughness to manipulate the inter-particle and particle-liquid interactions. (nanowerk.com)
Turbulent & multiphase flow phenomena, with emphasis on particle/droplet dispersion & coalescence processes, prediction & measurement of particle/drop size distribution, and prediction & measurement of velocity fields in stirred vessels and high intensity mixers. (umd.edu)
He uses optical imaging techniques including Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) and has developed novel methods for imaging of multiphase flows, focussing on the complexity of interfacial motion during the rupture of liquid threads and jets to form drops in the presence of surfactants, and the impact of a dispersed phase upon continuous phase turbulence. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Our high shear mixers are also used to obtain finer particle sizes processing emulsions to avoid phenomena such as sedimentation and aggregation of particles. (bram-cor-pharmaprocessing.com)

Emulsions that mix immiscible liquids are central to products from food to cosmetics. (nanowerk.com)
[4] [5] Thus, the two immiscible phases (hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic) will change so that their corresponding interfacial area will be minimal. (wikipedia.org)

The synthesis of nano- α -Al 2 O 3 was achieved through increasing the stirring time so that the excessive grain growth and aggregation of nanoparticles could be prevented. (hindawi.com)

For instance, emulsions like mayonnaise mix liquids that don't normally blend. (nanowerk.com)
These so-called Pickering emulsions can form discrete droplets. (nanowerk.com)
Multiphase Systems (20 credits, Level H) Lectures, tutorials and laboratories on incompressible and two phase flows, colloidal systems, processing and stabilisation of emulsions and suspensions, focussing on fundamental principles. (birmingham.ac.uk)

Recent studies have indicated that LLPS can promote tau aggregation, which is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease," explains Prof Samrat Mukhopadhyay, the corresponding author of the study. (researchmatters.in)

Condensation is the chemical process through which the atoms / molecules of an element or compound in a gaseous state change their aggregation phase into liquid droplets. (vispo.com)
Their sudden mass makes the huddled molecules vulnerable to forces which were latent or too weak in their previous state, such as the pull of gravity, which will make the droplets slide down a smooth surface, leaving behind a liquid trail. (vispo.com)
They require added molecules called surfactants to stabilize the interface between the liquids. (nanowerk.com)
In the situation of a primarily aqueous phase, with small oil or dirt impurities, the surfactant molecules will group together around the impurity droplets to form spherical aggregates known as micelles. (stfc.ac.uk)
They further confirmed through experiments and molecular simulation that at the phase transition temperature, peptide molecules showed a strong aggregation propensity, de-solvation effect, and dynamic metastable hydrogen bonding, which was conducive to fibril branching, thus enabling the hydrogel to obtain the best nanofibril strength and cross-linking density under the condition of constant concentration. (cas.cn)
The hydrophobic interaction is mostly an entropic effect originating from the disruption of the highly dynamic hydrogen bonds between molecules of liquid water by the nonpolar solute, causing the water to form a clathrate -like structure around the non-polar molecules. (wikipedia.org)

Zn2+ was also observed to modulate the in vitro aggregation of the TDP-43's RRM12 domains. (padiracinnovation.org)
P.1119 left column top paragraph: '[Investigators] also determine a structural length scale, the mesh size, which characterizes the molecular organization within droplets both in vitro and in vivo. (harvard.edu)

However, the maturation or hardening of liquid condensates into a gel/solid-like state disrupts cellular functioning, resulting in the abnormal phase transition that is associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. (researchmatters.in)

Investigators] identify the characteristic mesh size within these permeable droplets to be ∼3-8 nm (Figs 3c and 5a,c). (harvard.edu)
Sintering is driven by surface tension, and causes compacts of coalescing droplets to densify and to become less permeable. (durham.ac.uk)

The particles also form armor that prevents the droplets or bubbles from coalescing. (uconn.edu)
They find that changes in permeability are linked to a topological inversion - from droplets in a continuous gas, to discrete bubbles in a continuous liquid - allowing them to construct a unified physical description of the sintering process. (durham.ac.uk)

Thus, an increase in the dispersed volume fraction for a given frequency first leads to the overlap of the viscous layers because they extend further into the liquid. (dispersion.com)
Sintering - or coalescence - of viscous droplets is a fundamental process that occurs in many natural and industrial scenarios, such as the manufacture of ceramics, and the welding of volcanic ash. (durham.ac.uk)

Over the years, researchers have studied how the microscopic droplets, forming naturally and spontaneously within cellular structures, serve multiple functions. (nd.edu)

Cell harvesting was achieved non-enzymatically in two steps: first by inducing droplet coalescence and then aspirating the interface. (aston.ac.uk)
Quality characteristics of hMSCs continued to be retained even after inducing droplet coalescence. (aston.ac.uk)

14. Stability of liquid-vapor interface at steady-state evaporation and condensation . (uni-sofia.bg)

The vertical profiles of the polarimetric radar variables together with ice and liquid water contents in the convective region indicate that the formation of precipitation is dominated by warm-rain processes. (iapjournals.ac.cn)

The common feature of most investigated incidents appears to be the initial accretion and aggregation of the ice crystals on relatively warm surfaces within the forward part of an engine followed by their subsequent detachment and partial melting as they progress through the engine core. (skybrary.aero)

The technique is well suited for investigating and characterising surfactant micelles and emulsion droplets, which are typically 2-10 nm in diameter. (stfc.ac.uk)

At lower levels though, small ice crystals can occur in the presence of some supercooled water droplets and this combination has been termed "mixed phase" conditions. (skybrary.aero)

The ultrasonic bath was applied to suspend calcined powder in ethanol, and subsequently, few droplets of it were used for microstructure evaluation by Phillips CM12 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Cambridge Stereoscan 200 and Leica Cambridge S-360 scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (hindawi.com)

This kinetic trapping during blending creates non-equilibrium networks rather than the expected separated phases. (nanowerk.com)
We study the dynamic phase transition in the two-dimensional semi-infinite kinetic Ising model in an oscillating field. (aps.org)

However, existing nano-based electrical flow sensing technologies remain lacking in precision and stability and are typically only applicable to simple aqueous solutions or liquid/gas dual-phase mixtures, making them unsuitable for monitoring low-flow (~micrometer/second) yet important characteristics of continuous biofluids (such as hemorheological behaviors in microcirculation). (nature.com)
7. Polymorphic Phase Transitions in Bulk Triglyceride Mixtures . (uni-sofia.bg)

The presence of the bicontinuous structures formed by the upconverting fibrous nanoassemblies and the solution phase is utilized to design photochemical reaction systems induced by TTA-UC. (mdpi.com)
These 2D domains resembled 3D liquid-crystalline structures formed by excluded volume interactions. (uconn.edu)
Depending on the specific details of the lipids employed as well as on lipid concentration and temperature, mesophases with different microscopic structures are obtained, including arrangements as hexagonal, lamellar and cubic phases. (salvatoreassenza.com)

We investigate the presence of these phases and the dynamic phase transition (DPT) between these phases using classical Monte Carlo simulation techniques. (aps.org)
But the transition from liquid to solid phases can be adaptive in other circumstances. (uteckie.com)

The droplets formed by the condensation of an unseen gas seem to emerge from out of nowhere. (vispo.com)

In these micelles, the hydrophobic tails form the core of the aggregate, where the oil is, and the hydrophilic heads are in contact with the surrounding liquid. (stfc.ac.uk)
When the bulk phase is organic, the opposite occurs, and the hydrophilic head groups form the core of the aggregate and the hydrophobic tails are in contact with the surrounding liquid. (stfc.ac.uk)
These liquid droplets, thus separated, form condensates. (researchmatters.in)
Dispersions are biphasic systems with two substances, one called dispersed/discontinuous phase that is distributed in the form of particles or droplets throughout another substance called continuous, dispersant, or external phase. (bram-cor-pharmaprocessing.com)

The results from a collaboration on curious features of lipidic phase diagrams in ionic liquids have just been published on the Journal of Colloid and Interface Science! (salvatoreassenza.com)

The unique feature of the air-stable upconverting gels is that the self-assembled nanostructures are protected from molecular oxygen dissolved in the microscopically interconnected solution phase. (mdpi.com)
13. Structure of The Hexadecane Rotator Phase: Combination of X-ray Spectra and Molecular Dynamics Simulations . (uni-sofia.bg)
Pharmaceutical solutions are liquid preparations containing one or more substances dissolved in the molecular state, in a solvent or mixture of solvents. (bram-cor-pharmaprocessing.com)

Surfactants lower the surface tension between two liquids, between a gas and a liquid, or between a liquid and a solid and have applications in many different industries. (stfc.ac.uk)

Large raindrops collect cloud droplets and other raindrops, causing reflectivity, differential reflectivity, and specific differential phase to increase with decreasing height. (iapjournals.ac.cn)

The tail group can extend out of the bulk water phase, into the air or into the oil phase, while the water-soluble head group remains in the water phase. (stfc.ac.uk)
This is attributed to the deprotonation of the carboxyl groups within the water sub phase, leading to additional electrostatic repulsion between f-CNTs. (uconn.edu)
With a radar reflectivity of only about 5% of that of average-sized raindrops, they will not appear on airborne weather radar displays because the temperatures which prevail at the altitudes where they are mostly found are too low for super-cooled liquid water to survive - so that what are now termed ' glaciated conditions' exist. (skybrary.aero)
When oil is added to water, it collects into dense droplets and floats on the water. (researchmatters.in)

Their work, published in Advanced Functional Materials ( 'Continuous Emulsion Channels Achieved by Controlling the Aqueous-Oil Interface Solely with Rough Colloids' ), demonstrates how roughness-enhanced friction can slow dynamics and stabilize complex liquid-liquid interfaces. (nanowerk.com)

In other words, in a liquid state, these weak interactions have to be transient. (researchmatters.in)

The optimal initial temperature was precisely the temperature at which the droplets were transformed into nanofibrils. (cas.cn)

The researchers of the current study used highly-sensitive fluorescence techniques to shed light on the formation of tau liquid droplets. (researchmatters.in)

In the preparation of hydrogels, the number and size of phase-separated droplets are well-controlled in the early stage of self-assembly in order to tune the nanostructure of self-assembled precursors. (cas.cn)

A droplet resting on a solid surface and surrounded by a gas forms a characteristic contact angle θ . (wikipedia.org)

While new technologies enable the engineering of high titer cell clones, there is still a need to screen these clones quickly.1 The current paradigm for titer analysis depends on chromatographic approaches which, even with the newest ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) models, will take minutes to analyze one cell line. (technologynetworks.com)
Ginzburg-Landau analysis of the anisotropic XY model in a spatially homogeneous oscillating magnetic field on a square lattice suggests the existence of several dynamical phases - Ising symmetry restoring order (Ising SRO), Ising symmetry breaking order (SBO), XY symmetry restoring order (XY SRO), and XY symmetry breaking order (XY SBO). (aps.org)
The XRD analysis (Figure 2 ) showed the most stable phase, α -Al 2 O 3 occured dominantly at 1200°C. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy16

Organisms11

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Chemicals and Drugs91

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Protein23

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