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KineticsAmino AcidsSequence Homology, Amino AcidAmino Acid SequenceAmino Acid SubstitutionCloning, MolecularChromatography, AffinityBinding SitesMolecular Sequence DataProtein BindingBase SequenceEscherichia coliMutationAmino Acid Transport SystemsAmino Acids, EssentialModels, MolecularSequence AlignmentRecombinant ProteinsProtein ConformationMutagenesis, Site-DirectedStructure-Activity RelationshipSubstrate SpecificityAmino Acid MotifsProtein Structure, TertiaryPeptide FragmentsCell LineMolecular WeightHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPeptidesDNADNA, ComplementaryAffinity LabelsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelLeucineBacterial ProteinsAntibody AffinitySequence Homology, Nucleic AcidBinding, CompetitiveNeutral RedAmino Acids, AromaticRecombinant Fusion ProteinsCarrier ProteinsCattleAmino Acids, Branched-ChainBiological TransportProtein Structure, SecondaryProteinsAlanineChromatography, High Pressure LiquidAmino Acids, SulfurRNA, MessengerPhylogenySpecies SpecificityAmino Acids, NeutralRestriction MappingCell MembranePlasmidsLigandsRabbitsTemperatureDNA PrimersLysineNeutral CeramidaseSequence Analysis, DNAHydrolysisConserved SequenceGenes, BacterialTransfectionMacromolecular SubstancesTrypsinAmino Acid Transport Systems, BasicChromatography, GelModels, BiologicalCricetinaeMembrane ProteinsIsoleucineGlycineSaccharomyces cerevisiaeThermodynamicsPhenylalanineTryptophanPoint MutationCells, CulturedArginineCysteineMutagenesisCatalysisModels, ChemicalAspartic AcidCircular DichroismGlutamineTranscription, GeneticPolymerase Chain ReactionSwineProtein BiosynthesisMethionineChromatography, Ion ExchangeProlineCodonMolecular Structure
ProteinsResiduesSequenceSubstrateEnzyme kineticsAspartic acidProteinOrganicEnzymesSelectivityAminesReactionSpecificityCationsResidueCovalentSynthesisCarboxylicIntracellularSugarsSolubilityPolypeptideGlucoseSubstancesHighConcentrationDifferencesCompositionMechanismShowRatesNaturalMobileAnalysisFormProduction
Proteins7
  • L-Aspartic acid is used as a cell culture media component for the commercial biomanufacture of therapeutic recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Oppositely oriented Glt Tk proteins showed the same transport kinetics, consistent with the use of an identical gating element on both sides of the membrane. (nature.com)
  • Yet there was no trace of proteins and especially of RNA (ribonucleic acids), the molecules capable to write DNA (deoxyribonucleic acids) molecules. (brussels-scientific.com)
  • The present study unveils the structure-function and evolutionary aspects of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACCD) proteins of fungal origin. (springeropen.com)
  • The fACCD were found 16.18-82.47 kDa proteins having 149-750 amino acid residues. (springeropen.com)
  • It is affected by factors such as medium pH and by the presence of certain substances, for example cholesterol, other lipids, fatty acids, amines, amino acids, or proteins, incorporated in the lipid bilayer. (degruyter.com)
  • Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins. (lookformedical.com)
Residues5
  • The enzyme is a monomer, the isoenzymes are due to the differences in the carbohydrate content (sialic acid residues). (wikipedia.org)
  • According to amino acid sequence, the GlcNAc binding site was determined to lie on two loops of the large C-domain (aa.127?130 and 145?152) and to involve residues 36, 76?79, and 107 on the small N-terminal domain. (molcells.org)
  • In the case of nonspecific affinity labels (see Section 9.2) many amino acid residues on the enzyme molecule, and on other protein molecules in the sample, can be covalently modified by the affinity label. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • We have identified a cytosolic acyl-CoA binding protein, with highly conserved amino acid residues and a typical acyl-CoA binding domain in N. caninum . (biomedcentral.com)
  • They contain one or more sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) residues. (lookformedical.com)
Sequence6
  • In biochemistry, isozymes (also known as isoenzymes or more generally as multiple forms of enzymes) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The deduced amino acid sequence of hOAT3 showed 36 to 51% identity to those of other members of the OAT family. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The amino acid sequence of one representative TALE repeat is shown on top, with RVD amino acids 12 and 13 marked with a grey box and KQ diresidue at positions 16 and 17 involved in DNA phosphate binding in bold and underlined. (nature.com)
  • Amino acid sequence of the N-terminal region (NTR) is shown on the bottom with amino acids suspected to be involved in DNA phosphate binding in bold and underlined. (nature.com)
  • The primary amino acid sequence of a protein is a translated version from its gene sequence which carries important messages and information concealed therein. (springeropen.com)
  • Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
Substrate4
  • The transport domains are mobile and move through the lipid bilayer (alike an elevator) when translocating the amino acid substrate and co-transported ions across the membrane 13 . (nature.com)
  • The F256 substrate-binding residue in D2-BGL is located in a shorter loop surrounding the active site pocket relative to that of Aspergillus β-glucosidases, and this short loop is responsible for its high substrate affinity toward cellobiose. (biomedcentral.com)
  • the presence of substrate amino acids. (caltech.edu)
  • Finally, the space-time yield of l -tle catalyzing by GDH-R3-LeuDH whole cells could achieve 2136 g/L/day in a 200 mL scale system under the optimal catalysis conditions (pH 9.0, 30 ° C, 0.4 mM of NAD + and 500 mM of a substrate including trimethylpyruvic acid and glucose). (biomedcentral.com)
Enzyme kinetics2
  • Unless they are identical in their biochemical properties, for example their substrates and enzyme kinetics, they may be distinguished by a biochemical assay. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our enzyme kinetics data demonstrates high potency and selectivity of the ppFhCL3 for its cognate FhCL3 enzyme, information that could be utilised to design inhibitors of parasite cathepsin L peptidases. (biomedcentral.com)
Aspartic acid1
Protein5
  • The hOAT3 cDNA consisted of 2179 base pairs that encoded a 543-amino-acid residue protein with 12 putative transmembrane domains. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The current MCAT regularly has questions which require previous knowledge of the structures, features (including changes in charge with pH), 3- and 1-letter abbreviations of the 20 common protein-generating amino acids, etc. (mcat-prep.com)
  • Before entering lipid synthesis pathways, different kinds of acyl-CoA transporters which acts as the major carrier of acyl-CoAs, such as fatty acid binding protein (FABP), sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) and acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), would activate and convert fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA esters via a reaction catalyzed by fatty acyl-CoA synthetase and transported to various metabolic locations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Soybean meal (SBM) is a highly degradable protein in the rumen and has a balance of highly available amino acids ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Goethe-Universita¨t, DE-60439 tein (I-LBP) and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP). (lu.se)
Organic1
  • Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. (lookformedical.com)
Enzymes1
  • An apparent distinction between the AA5_1 and AA5_2 subfamilies is that while AA5_1 enzymes catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids [ 1 ], AA5_2 members oxidize primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehyde (and, in some instances, also oxidize the aldehyde to the acid, albeit much more slowly) [ 4 , 22 ]. (cazypedia.org)
Selectivity4
  • We substituted basic amino acids with alanine in the NTR and identified TALE mutants with increased selectivity. (nature.com)
  • Combination of mutations in the NTR and CRD was highly synergetic and resulted in TALE scaffolds with up to 4.3-fold increased selectivity in genomic 5mC analysis via affinity enrichment. (nature.com)
  • Cytosine 5-methylation, overall features of the TALE scaffold, and TALE amino acid positions engineered in this study to obtain TALE scaffolds with increased C/5mC selectivity. (nature.com)
  • Click Chemistry or Click Coupling has gained increasing popularity among chemists because of its outstanding reaction kinetics, excellent selectivity, and superior stability in physiological environments. (xantec.com)
Amines1
  • The first example of the reaction of amines with substituted allenephosphonic acid derivatives was published in 1966 ( Pudovik and Khusainova, 1966 ) when it was shown that diethylamine and piperidine add to dialkyl 3-methyl-1,2-butadienephosphonates on the 1,2-double bond to afford 1,2-aducts. (japsonline.com)
Reaction3
  • New series of β-amino- and β-iminophosphonates were produced via a nucleophilic addition reaction of benzyl amine and 2-aminopirydine to 1,2-alkadienephosphonates. (japsonline.com)
  • The present work focused on (1) synthesis of β-amino- and β-iminophosphonates via a nucleophilic addition reaction of benzylamine and 2-aminopirydine to 1,2-alkadienephosphonates, i.e., dialkyl esters and amidoesters, as well as dimethyl- and diphenylphosphine oxides, and (2) investigation of cytotoxicity and anticancer potential of synthesized compounds. (japsonline.com)
  • Moreover, the first organocatalyzed Mukaiyama-Michael vinylogous reaction of trimethylsilyloxyfuran to nitroalkenes is described.The reaction is promoted by Brønsted acids under solvent-free conditions, taking place in moderate to good yield with variously substituted nitroalkenes. (degruyter.com)
Specificity1
  • These findings may have significant implications for the strength, specificity and kinetics of lipid binding. (lu.se)
Cations1
  • Additive engineering is emerging as a powerful strategy to further enhance the performance of perovskite solarcells (PSCs), with the incorporation of bulky cations and amino acid (AA) derivatives being shown as a promisingstrategy for enhanced device stability. (imperial.ac.uk)
Residue1
  • Alternatively, if the amino acid residue that is changed is in a relatively unimportant part of the enzyme (e.g., a long way from the active site), then the mutation may be selectively neutral and subject to genetic drift. (wikipedia.org)
Covalent1
  • For quiescent affinity labels, the second step involves the chemistry of covalent bond formation, while for mechanism-based inactivators, the situation is a bit more complicated, as detailed below. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Synthesis4
  • Its different regulatory features and lower affinity for glucose (compared to other hexokinases), allow it to serve different functions in cells of specific organs, such as control of insulin release by the beta cells of the pancreas, or initiation of glycogen synthesis by liver cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The energized GlcNAc moiety of UDP-GlcNAc is used in the synthesis of O -/ N -glycans, sialic acids, and O -GlcNAc. (molcells.org)
  • 100 references, on organotin(IV) complexes of the carboxylic acid derivatives are presented with special reference to their methods of synthesis, spectroscopic and structural studies and their biological activities. (degruyter.com)
  • Fatty acids provide the acyl skeleton for lipid synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Carboxylic2
  • S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) [ 1 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • A group of microorganisms possesses 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACCD) [EC 3.5.99.7] activity that plays a major role in ethylene signaling in plants. (springeropen.com)
Intracellular2
  • The transporter of negative transcription results in throughput amino in economic aspects develops the I of intracellular acids. (erik-mill.de)
  • I-FABP) and bovine heart fatty acid-binding pro- tissues and in intracellular as well as extracellular tein (H-FABP). (lu.se)
Sugars1
  • CDS is an unbranched glycosaminoglycan composed of a chain of alternating sugars (N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-glucuronic acid) where each sugar can be sulfated in variable positions and quantities. (xantec.com)
Solubility1
  • I-LBP, ileal lipid-binding to the aqueous solubility of the fatty acid. (lu.se)
Polypeptide1
Glucose1
  • inner production( called of NOX1, NOXA1, NOXO1 and CYBA) and NOX3 affinity( exported of NOX3, CYBA, NCF1 Rafts NCF2 or NOXA1) can sometimes contribute synthesized by coding to RAC1: glucose to activate endosome( Cheng et al. (erik-mill.de)
Substances1
  • Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. (lookformedical.com)
High2
  • OAT1 is a PAH/dicarboxylate exchanger and mediates the high-affinity transport of PAH in a sodium-independent manner. (aspetjournals.org)
  • This natural 8-ring 24-membered macroheterocycle (Figure 2 ) displays high affinity for quadruplex and most importantly has no affinity for duplex DNA ( vide infra ). (hindawi.com)
Concentration1
  • Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) of the solute carrier family 1A (SLC1A) take up the neurotransmitter L-glutamate from the synaptic environment, which is necessary to keep the extracellular concentration low and prevent neurotoxicity 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
Differences1
  • However, such differences are usually subtle, particularly between allozymes which are often neutral variants. (wikipedia.org)
Composition1
  • This deletion did not affect the overall fatty acid composition but modified the abundance of TAG. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanism4
  • According to the double displacement mechanism, to increase the yield of glycoside products catalyzed by α -glucosidase, the affinity for glycosyl receptor in the deglycosylation process must be enhanced. (researchsquare.com)
  • A ) Nonspecific affinity labeling, ( B ) quiescent affinity labeling, and ( C ) mechanism-based inactivation. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • For quiescent affinity labels (as defined in Section 9.2) and for mechanism-based inactivators (Section 9.3), the inactivation follows a two-step mechanism (schemes B and C of Figure 9.2 , respectively). (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • However, little is known about the fatty acid transport mechanism in N. caninum . (biomedcentral.com)
Show2
  • Macrocyclic scaffolds are particularly attractive for designing selective G-quadruplex ligands essentially because, on one hand, they show a poor affinity for the "standard" B-DNA conformation and, on the other hand, they fit nicely with the external G-quartets of quadruplexes. (hindawi.com)
  • Different amino acids show different pH optima. (caltech.edu)
Rates3
  • New outbreaks have been reported from early 2007 tection rates and kinetics of virologic parameters over time in Malaysia and mid 2007 in Indonesia ( 7 , 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • acids at different rates. (caltech.edu)
  • Expression of phosphorylation-defective PLIN5 S155A in Plin5 null cells resulted in decreased rates of lipolysis and triglyceride-derived fatty acid oxidation. (uci.edu)
Natural3
  • They are analogs of natural amino acids ( Tajti and Keglevich, 2018 ). (japsonline.com)
  • Some expression systems are capable of site-specific integration of non-natural amino acids containing an azide moiety. (xantec.com)
  • Because of their natural characteristics as compared to chemical additives, phytonutrients condensed tannins (CTs) and saponins (SPs) are important ruminant feed additives, in particular for use as a CH 4 mitigation strategy and to improve the rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
Mobile1
  • Left: representative snapshot of an adsorbed flexible polyion on a net neutral catanionic surface with mobile surface charges. (lu.se)
Analysis1
  • The lipidomic analysis showed that disruption of NcACBP caused no obvious changes in the overall abundance and turnover of fatty acids while knockout resulted in the accumulation of triacylglycerol. (biomedcentral.com)
Form2
  • In contrast, two glyoxal oxidases form Pycnoporus cinnabarinus demonstrated the highest catalytic efficiency on glyoxylic acid [ 21 ]. (cazypedia.org)
  • The fully hydrated form of silica gel has distinct properties and is referred to as SILICIC ACID. (lookformedical.com)
Production2
  • Nipa Sap Can Be Both Carbon and Nutrient Source for Acetic Acid Production by Moorella thermoacetica (f. (mdpi.com)
  • 0.05) the acetic acid-to-propionic acid ratio and methane (CH 4 ) production. (frontiersin.org)