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AntibodiesAntibody SpecificityAntibodies, ViralAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, BacterialAntibody AffinityAntibody FormationAntibodies, NeutralizingChromatography, AffinityMolecular Sequence DataFluorescent Antibody TechniqueAmino Acid SequenceBinding Sites, AntibodyProtein BindingAntibodies, Anti-IdiotypicEpitopesKineticsHIV AntibodiesAntibodies, NeoplasmAntibodies, ProtozoanAntibodies, AntinuclearBinding, CompetitiveCross ReactionsRecombinant ProteinsAffinity LabelsImmunoglobulin MBinding SitesCell LineAutoantibodiesRabbitsBase SequenceAntigen-Antibody ReactionsAntibodies, FungalImmunoglobulin GNeutralization TestsModels, MolecularMolecular WeightElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelSingle-Chain AntibodiesMice, Inbred BALB CImmunoglobulin Fab FragmentsAntigen-Antibody ComplexAntibodies, BispecificAntibodies, BlockingLigandsProtein Structure, TertiaryAntibodies, CatalyticImmune SeraHybridomasAntibodies, HeterophileCells, CulturedPeptidesEpitope MappingEscherichia coliPeptide FragmentsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayImmunoglobulin ABlotting, WesternFluorescent Antibody Technique, IndirectAntigensAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedStructure-Activity RelationshipCloning, MolecularPeptide LibraryCarrier ProteinsSurface Plasmon ResonanceImmunizationImmunoglobulin FragmentsCattleDNAMutationAntibodies, AntiphospholipidImmunoblottingImmunoenzyme TechniquesProtein ConformationAntigens, SurfaceAntigens, BacterialSequence Homology, Amino AcidBacterial ProteinsImmunoassayRadioimmunoassayGlycoproteinsImmunohistochemistryMembrane ProteinsReceptors, Cell SurfaceIodine RadioisotopesImmunization, PassiveImmunoglobulin Variable RegionCrystallography, X-RayB-LymphocytesCell MembraneSubstrate SpecificityMacromolecular SubstancesT-LymphocytesHaptensImmunosorbent TechniquesAntigens, ViralCHO CellsSpecies Specificity
Monoclonal antibodiesAntigensSpecificityProteinsFlow CytometryTherapeuticLigandEpitopesDetect antibodiesAssaysProteinImmunoglobulinPolyclonal antibodiesViralInterleukin-2 receptAssaySingle-domain antibodyPeptidesPhage display technologyDetectionAntigen bindsRecombinant antibodyMutationsResiduesInteractionsSequencesGlycoproteinImmunityIgG1ImmuneVariantsMAbsFragmentsSerumReceptorsPrimary antibodyRabbit monoclonalConjugateRCSB PDBBiotinIgG4VitroHybridoma-basedSpecificReactivityMaturationResearchersSelectivelyChimericPathogensHighQuantitativeCytomegalovirusSpeciesImmunoassayStabilityVaccine developmentELISAKineticsRecognize
Monoclonal antibodies18
  • Our RabMAb ® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. (abcam.com)
  • However, it remains unclear how mutations that escape specific monoclonal antibodies will affect the polyclonal antibody response elicited by infection or vaccination. (biorxiv.org)
  • That is where monoclonal antibodies step in by targeting and neutralizing the virus after it invades the body. (moleculardevices.com)
  • On the newest podcast with Drug Target Review ( Episode 6 - mAbs and SARS-CoV-2 with Dr. Carter Mitchell & Dr. Sharath Madasu, Kemp Proteins ), Carter Mitchell, Chief Scientific Officer and Sharath Madasu, Manager of Protein Characterization of Kemp Proteins , discussed the role of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against COVID-19 and how the pandemic has shaped their discovery and development. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) act on viruses through viral neutralization. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Currently, most of the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are raised against the RBD. (moleculardevices.com)
  • How effective are monoclonal antibodies against COVID-19 variants? (moleculardevices.com)
  • The level of certainty in the required dosage is one of the main advantages of monoclonal antibodies in COVID-19 treatment. (moleculardevices.com)
  • With monoclonal antibodies, we know exactly how much of a neutralizing antibody we are administering to the patient, which is a huge advantage. (moleculardevices.com)
  • The use of monoclonal antibodies as an effective COVID-19 treatment method reduces these risks significantly. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Affinity constants can be determined for monoclonal antibodies, but not for polyclonal antibodies, as multiple bond formations take place between polyclonal antibodies and their antigens. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Chemotherapeutic agents, corticosteroids, and monoclonal antibodies are used to reduce the disease burden, and bisphosphonates are used to promote bone healing and to provide secondary prophylaxis against skeletal-related events (eg, hypercalcemia, bone fracture, spinal cord compression, need for radiation, and need for surgery). (medscape.com)
  • Discovery and characterization of prolactin neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of female-prevalent pain disorders. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Here we report the discovery and characterization of first-in-class, humanized PRL neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (PRL mAbs). (iasp-pain.org)
  • Monoclonal antibodies and affinity chromatography have been used to purify these glycoproteins and thus provide antigens for type-specific herpes serologic assays. (cdc.gov)
  • In this work, we evaluated a panel of 16 anti-BoNT/A monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for their ability to inhibit the in vitro activity of BoNT/A1, /A2, and /A3 complex as well as the recombinant LC of A1. (cdc.gov)
  • Human polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against pathogens and toxins are potentially useful in the treatment of various diseases. (lu.se)
  • A number of human monoclonal antibodies with protective capacity in vitro have been established by conventional hybridoma technology. (lu.se)
Antigens11
  • It is informative to also be able to assess antibody binding to a bacterial surface where many antigens might be present, including multiple copies of the specific antigen the antibody recognizes, and in a context where the antigen might be in a more natural conformation. (lu.se)
  • Accordingly, there remains a need for antibodies that do not provoke a strong immune response but yet bind strongly to their antigens and methods for identifying such antibodies. (justia.com)
  • To allow the immune system to recognize millions of different antigens, the antigen-binding sites at both tips of the antibody come in an equally wide variety. (wikipedia.org)
  • This cutting-edge technology can virtually screening up to 10^10 antibody sequences based on their predicted affinity towards one or more antigens within a remarkably short timeframe in hours to a few days. (wowktv.com)
  • Cross-reactivity refers to an antibody or population of antibodies binding to epitopes on other antigens. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • This can be caused either by low avidity or specificity of the antibody or by multiple distinct antigens having identical or very similar epitopes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Cross-reactivity is sometimes desirable when one wants general binding to a related group of antigens or when attempting cross-species labeling when the antigen epitope sequence is not highly conserved during evolution. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The multivalency of most antigens and antibodies enables them to interact to form a precipitate. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The specific association of antigens and antibodies is dependent on hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic forces, and Van der Waals forces. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Like antibodies, antigens can be multivalent, either through multiple copies of the same epitope, or through the presence of multiple epitopes that are recognized by multiple antibodies. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Solid-phase enzymatic immunodot assays are used to detect antibodies reactive to these antigens. (cdc.gov)
Specificity9
  • The specificity and binding affinity of SAR408701 to human and cynomolgus monkey CEACAM5 were tested in vitro . (nih.gov)
  • Apart from having a simpler structure, rabbit mAbs offer higher binding affinity (10 to 100 times more) and specificity than murine mAbs, and they are easier to humanize. (news-medical.net)
  • These libraries are generated to identify mAbs with high affinity and specificity. (news-medical.net)
  • Then, evolving tolerance or even affinity to lipid bilayers could be beneficial in recognition of membrane-proximal epitopes, for example gaining avidity and specificity via cooperative interactions simultaneously with the epitope and membrane. (elifesciences.org)
  • Ultimately these factors define the specificity of the antibody, that is, the likelihood that the particular antibody is binding to a precise antigen epitope. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • They offer researchers the binding affinity and specificity of antibodies, with the small size, stability, and pharmacokinetics of small molecules. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • GenScript MonoRab™ Rabbit Anti-VHH antibodies show ultra-high specificity for VHH-based CAR T cells. (genscript.com)
  • They offer advantages over antibodies because of their highly specific target PROTEIN BINDING with high affinity and specificity. (bvsalud.org)
  • The fine specificity, as determined by the requirement of particular amino acid residues in the epitope, is shifted in these new antibody fragments. (lu.se)
Proteins16
  • Antibody-antigen affinity is often evaluated with isolated proteins. (lu.se)
  • This enabled selection of enhanced binding proteins, but was not yet compatible with selection for catalytic activity of enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies are heavy (~150 k Da ) proteins of about 10 nm in size, [7] arranged in three globular regions that roughly form a Y shape. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phage display technology was further developed and improved by groups at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology with Greg Winter and John McCafferty, The Scripps Research Institute with Richard Lerner and Carlos Barbas and the German Cancer Research Center with Frank Breitling and Stefan Dübel for display of proteins such as antibodies for therapeutic protein engineering. (wikipedia.org)
  • Western blot analysis of extracts from 293 cells transfected with Bad or Bad Ser112 and/or Ser136 mutant fusion proteins, using Phospho-(Ser) 14-3-3 Binding Motif Antibody (top), Phospho-Bad (Ser136) Antibody #9295 (middle) or Phospho-Bad (Ser112) Antibody #9291 (bottom). (cellsignal.com)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma, showing staining of proteins containing phosphorylated 14-3-3 binding motifs, using Phospho-(Ser) 14-3-3 Binding Motif Antibody. (cellsignal.com)
  • the target protein binds to the column, and unwanted proteins are eluted. (the-scientist.com)
  • Expressed His-tagged proteins can be purified and detected easily because the string of histidine residues binds to several types of immobilized metal ions, including nickel, cobalt and copper, under specific buffer conditions. (caslab.com)
  • The His tag antibody is a useful tool for monitoring of the His-tagged proteins, and recognizes His-tags placed at N-terminal, C-terminal, and internal regions of fusion proteins expressed in bacteria, insect, and mammalian cells. (caslab.com)
  • The modeling platform developed here uncovers insights into lipid participation in antibodies' recognition of membrane proteins and highlights antibody features to prioritize in vaccine design. (elifesciences.org)
  • Antibodies can target epitopes on integral membrane proteins very near to the lipid bilayer surface, even those partially embedded within the headgroup region. (elifesciences.org)
  • Vincristine inhibits cellular mitosis by inhibition of intracellular tubulin function, binding to microtubules, and synthesis of spindle proteins in the S phase. (medscape.com)
  • Under the terms of the agreement, the two groups will cooperate on the development of Nanobodies, novel therapeutics proteins derived from single-chain antibodies, which both groups had previously studied independently. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • This means that Nanobodies are a novel class of therapeutic proteins that combine the beneficial features of conventional antibodies with desirable properties of small-molecule drugs. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Genetically engineered antibody MIMETIC PROTEINS, derived from ANKYRIN PROTEINS. (bvsalud.org)
  • The antiphospholipid (aPL) autoantibodies bind moieties on negatively charged PLs or moieties formed by the interaction of negatively charged PLs with other lipids, PLs, or proteins. (medscape.com)
Flow Cytometry4
Therapeutic8
  • Researchers have modified antibodies in various ways in order to study their function or to improve their utility as therapeutic agents. (justia.com)
  • It is noteworthy that all of them share some escape mutations already known to have emerged under the selection pressure of antibody exposure, both from immune serum or therapeutic antibody use in prolonged survival within immunocompromised individuals, and from the antibodies elicited by natural infection. (news-medical.net)
  • Determination of mAb binding kinetics ( k a & k d ) and affinity ( K D ) are essential to optimum therapeutic candidate selection. (carterra-bio.com)
  • High throughput kinetics facilitates robust selection of candidate antibodies with binding profiles better aligned to specific therapeutic objectives. (carterra-bio.com)
  • The Fc receptor binding assay (Competitive ELISA immunoassay, SRP assay or BLI assay) plays a vital role in the development of therapeutic antibodies. (genemedi.net)
  • This technological advancement enables comprehensive exploration of antibody sequences, significantly expediting the identification of patentable candidates with improved therapeutic properties including efficacy and immunogenicity's. (wowktv.com)
  • 10 Therapeutic Antibody Laboratory, Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In therapeutic applications, camelid VHH needs to be humanized to reduce the risk of immunogenicity and anti-drug antibody (ADA) development in humans. (genscript.com)
Ligand3
  • in others, the target protein is expressed from a plasmid that encodes for an "affinity tag" specific to a particular ligand. (the-scientist.com)
  • In contrast, based on ligand binding analysis and receptor level (as assessed using anti‑CXCR7, clone 11G8), surface expression of CXCR7 was reported to be restricted to tumor cells, activated endothelial cells, fetal liver cells, and few other cell types (3). (rndsystems.com)
  • Repeated equilibrium dialyses with a constant antibody concentration, but varying ligand concentration are used to generate Scatchard plots, which give information about affinity valence and possible cross-reactivity. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Epitopes9
  • the entire P domain rotates by ~90° and contracts onto the shell, the P domain dimers rotate about each other, and the structural equilibrium of the epitopes at the top of the P domain shifts toward the closed conformation, which favors receptor binding while blocking antibody binding. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • In this work, we isolate a dromedary camel V H H single-domain antibody (also known as nanobody) named D4 and a monoclonal antibody (mAb) named HM2 recognizing membrane-distal and membrane-proximal epitopes of GPC1, respectively. (nature.com)
  • Binding by polyclonal serum antibodies is affected by mutations in three main epitopes in the RBD, but there is substantial variation in the impact of mutations both among individuals and within the same individual over time. (biorxiv.org)
  • Our complete maps of how mutations impact serum antibody binding identify three major epitopes in the RBD. (biorxiv.org)
  • Rabbit antibodies can recognize a number of targetable epitopes on humans than rodent antibodies which is pivotal in basic research and in pre-clinical trials. (news-medical.net)
  • The work provides insights into how broadly neutralizing antibodies associate with lipids proximal to membrane-associated epitopes to drive neutralization. (elifesciences.org)
  • A better understanding of how antibodies develop membrane affinity and target membrane-proximal epitopes would be impactful for antibody therapeutics, auto-immunity, and vaccine development 10 - 12 . (elifesciences.org)
  • The basis of these inconsistent observations is not known but may be attributed to cell context and the use of different antibodies that may recognize different epitopes. (rndsystems.com)
  • The association between aPL antibodies and particular human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and HLA-linked epitopes has been reported in studies of patients with lupus erythematous (eg, HLA-DR7, HLA-DR4). (medscape.com)
Detect antibodies2
  • We modified a previously described protein-A/G horseradish peroxidase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PAGEIA) to detect antibodies to SNV in deer mice ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The ability to detect antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently under investigation with various performance characteristics and indications for use. (researchgate.net)
Assays7
  • This makes it a high priority that standardized assays using authentic virus be used in addition to pseudoviruses, to measure the sensitivity of the virus to antibodies. (news-medical.net)
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with infectious virus particles at low pH or in the presence of metals demonstrated that all tested antibodies do not bind to this contracted form, akin to what was observed with the MNV-bile complex. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • The antibodies are ideal for use as surrogate positive controls in anti-drug antibody assays, and for the development of pharmacokinetic bridging ELISAs to measure free drug. (the-scientist.com)
  • Bio-Rad offers a portfolio of recombinant, monoclonal, nonanimal-derived anti-idiotypic antibodies and drug-target complex binders for the development of highly selective and sensitive assays. (the-scientist.com)
  • earchers can rely on our antibodies to deliver reproducible results over the lifecycle of their bioanalytical assays" she said. (the-scientist.com)
  • His tag is often used for affinity purification and binding assays. (caslab.com)
  • Furthermore, enzyme -linked aptamer assays confirmed that the aptamer binds to isolated authentic SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and B.1.617.2 ( delta variant). (bvsalud.org)
Protein23
  • Antibody binding to bacterial surfaces plays a crucial role in immunity, and a key characteristic of this protein-protein interaction is the binding affinity. (lu.se)
  • Determining the affinity of an antibody binding to its antigen is the first step in predicting the function in a physiological environment where other competing protein interactions may be present. (lu.se)
  • Targeting specific protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is an attractive concept for drug development, but hard to implement since intracellular antibodies do not penetrate cells and most small-molecule drugs are considered unsuitable for PPI inhibition. (rcsb.org)
  • These plus-strand RNA viruses have T = 3 icosahedral protein capsids with 90 pronounced protruding (P) domain dimers, to which antibodies and cellular receptors bind. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • An antibody ( Ab ), also known as an immunoglobulin ( Ig ), [1] is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses . (wikipedia.org)
  • By immobilizing a relevant DNA or protein target(s) to the surface of a microtiter plate well, a phage that displays a protein that binds to one of those targets on its surface will remain while others are removed by washing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Binds to protein and other compounds containing SH group. (medscape.com)
  • The platinum complex also can bind to nucleus and cytoplasmic protein. (medscape.com)
  • Each analyte bound specifically to its probe demonstrating protein functionality was preserved. (genengnews.com)
  • Replicate probes for each protein bound reproducible quantities of analyte ( Table ). (genengnews.com)
  • This powerful animal free platform, driven by Ainnocence's proprietary SentinusAI ® protein generative AI engine, is set to revolutionize the field of antibody discovery and optimization by replacing tradition antibody screening methods such as phage display, hybridoma technology and B-cell selection etc. (wowktv.com)
  • Daratumumab is an anticancer drug that binds to the CD38 protein overexpressed in multiple myeloma cells, leading to immune-mediated apoptosis of the tumor cell. (the-scientist.com)
  • Ancillary protein-lipid contacts reveal surprising contributions from antibody framework regions. (elifesciences.org)
  • Simulations estimating protein-membrane interaction strength for PGZL1 variants along an inferred maturation pathway show bilayer affinity is evolved and correlates with neutralization potency. (elifesciences.org)
  • Through mRNA administration, vaccines prompt your cells to produce a harmless version of the spike protein, thereby stimulating your immune system to produce antibodies to fight off the potential threat. (moleculardevices.com)
  • In SARS-CoV-2, the aim is to disrupt the binding of the spike protein with ACE2 receptors, prohibiting the entry of the virus into the host cells. (moleculardevices.com)
  • The spike protein mediates the binding through its recognition binding domain (RBD). (moleculardevices.com)
  • It functions as a high affinity receptor for the complex of LipoPolySaccharide (LPS) and the LPS-Binding Protein (LBP). (beckman.com)
  • Li M, Petukh M, Alexov E, Panchenko A, Predicting the Impact of Missense Mutations on Protein-Protein Binding Affinity,J Chem Theory Comput:1770-1780. (lu.se)
  • Zhang C, Zheng W, Zhang Y, BindProfX: Assessing Mutation-Induced Binding Affinity Change by Protein Interface Profiles with Pseudo-Counts, J Mol Biol. (lu.se)
  • Huang X, Zheng W, Pearce R, Zhang Y, Huang X, Zheng W, Pearce R, Zhang Y, SSIPe: accurately estimating protein-protein binding affinity change upon mutations using evolutionary profiles in combination with an optimized physical energy function, Bioinformatics;36(8):2429-2437. (lu.se)
  • Wang M, Cang Z, Wei G, A topology-based network tree for the prediction of protein-protein binding affinity changes following mutation, Nat Mach Intell):116-123. (lu.se)
  • Jemimah S, Sekijima M, Gromiha M, ProAffiMuSeq: sequence-based method to predict the binding free energy change of protein-protein complexes upon mutation using functional classification, Bioinformatics;36(6):1725-1730. (lu.se)
Immunoglobulin6
  • The Fc receptor is expressed on many immune cells and binds to the specific immunoglobulin, then modulating the immune response. (genemedi.net)
  • Antibodies are glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily . (wikipedia.org)
  • The terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably, [1] though the term 'antibody' is sometimes reserved for the secreted, soluble form, i.e. excluding B-cell receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, Wei Y et al developed an ultrasensitive, carbon nanoparticle-labeled pad with rabbit anti-Ebola virus (EBOV)-VP40 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody for rapid detection of EBOV. (news-medical.net)
  • they have receptors for the crystallizable fragment (Fc) region of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and for complement, which enable them to bind with immune complexes and present the complex to B cells in germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This attenuation of specific immunoglobulin E antibody is associated with increased specific immunoglobulin G4 antibodies, which are likely to play a protective role, leading to a form of natural tolerance. (cdc.gov)
Polyclonal antibodies5
  • The benefits of polyclonal antibodies as tools for assay-specific target discovery and detection are numerous. (nih.gov)
  • Yet, polyclonal antibodies are embroiled in a firestorm of controversy concerning data reproducibility. (nih.gov)
  • We address best practices for developing and using polyclonal antibodies, pitfalls to their use and how to avoid them, and benefits to the life science community. (nih.gov)
  • Eliminating their use risks overlooking the unique benefits of polyclonal antibodies as 'fit-for-purpose' life science tools. (nih.gov)
  • When designing experimental procedures, it is important to differentiate between monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, as these differences are the foundation of both advantages and limitations of their use. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Viral9
  • The mutations in both the B.1.351 and P.1 strains, including E484K and K417N/T, are thought to enhance viral fitness and may confer antibody resistance in part, at least. (news-medical.net)
  • This inter-CDR loop interaction stabilizes the bulged conformation needed for binding to the viral glycoprotein: a Tyr to Phe mutant displays a binding affinity reduced by a factor of at least 10. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This displayed the different peptides on the outer surfaces of the collection of viral clones, where the screening step of the process isolated the peptides with the highest binding affinity. (wikipedia.org)
  • To monitor for similar antigenic evolution of SARS-CoV-2, it is important to determine which viral mutations impact human polyclonal antibody immunity. (biorxiv.org)
  • This work has shown that single mutations to the spike's receptor-binding domain (RBD) or N-terminal domain (NTD) can appreciably reduce viral neutralization by polyclonal sera, sometimes by as much as 10-fold. (biorxiv.org)
  • However, a limitation of these studies is that they characterize an incomplete subset of all possible mutations, and thus do not completely describe the effects of viral mutations on recognition by polyclonal serum antibodies. (biorxiv.org)
  • This valuable study reports multi-scale molecular dynamics simulations to investigate a class of highly potent antibodies that simultaneously engage with the HIV-1 Envelope trimer and the viral membrane. (elifesciences.org)
  • Dr. Batista's new emphasis on vaccine research has not slowed his basic biological research: he recently described, for the first time, the role of natural killer T cells in initiating the production of high-affinity antibodies after viral infection (Gaya et al. (ragoninstitute.org)
  • One vial containing 420 mg of trastuzumab, a humanised IgG1 monoclonal antibody produced by mammalian (Chinese hamster ovary) cell suspension culture and purified by chromatography including specific viral inactivation and removal procedures. (who.int)
Interleukin-2 recept2
  • Description: The BC96 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD25, the 55 kDa interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2Ralpha). (thermofisher.com)
  • Daclizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to the high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor subunit (CD25), which is expressed at abnormally high levels on T cells in patients with MS. (medscape.com)
Assay5
  • Top) The results from a single capture kinetics assay where a monovalent target (analyte) was titrated over 384 antibodies, each captured onto individual spots of a 384-array. (carterra-bio.com)
  • Phospho-(Ser) 14-3-3 Binding Motif Antibody ELISA Assay: Signal-to-noise ratio of phospho- versus nonphospho-14-3-3 binding motif peptides. (cellsignal.com)
  • It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest. (thermofisher.com)
  • Sera from consenting children age 6-13 years examined in NHANES 1999-2002 were tested for antibodies to Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) using a solid-phase enzymatic immunodot assay. (cdc.gov)
  • The mAbs binding the C-terminal portion of the BoNT/A heavy chain had optimal properties for use in the Endopep-MS assay. (cdc.gov)
Single-domain antibody1
  • The phase display method can also be used to engineer single domain antibody formats, such as the N-terminal variable light chain (VL) and N-terminal variable heavy chain (VH) from rabbit mAbs. (news-medical.net)
Peptides2
  • Exposure of endothelial cells to anti-b2GPI antibodies and their corresponding peptides leads to the inhibition of endothelial cell activation, as shown by decreased expression of the adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule, and vascular cell adhesion molecule and of monocyte adhesion. (medscape.com)
  • In vivo infusion of each of the anti-b2GPI antibodies into BALB/c mice followed by administration of the corresponding specific peptides prevents the peptide-treated mice from developing experimental APS. (medscape.com)
Phage display technology2
  • However, with the development of phage-display technology, the possibility of specifically tailoring antigen-binding properties has improved substantially. (lu.se)
  • These findings show that phage display technology might modify the binding properties of pre-existing, high affinity antibodies. (lu.se)
Detection6
  • In addition, antibody detection may provide a complementary perspective, along with RT-qPCR testing, in the diagnosis of COVID-19 (24,25). (researchgate.net)
  • It is ideal to be used for humanized VHH antibody detection. (genscript.com)
  • The principle of this method is based on the BChE monoclonal antibody (MAb) capable of acting as both capture antibody and detection antibody. (cdc.gov)
  • The BChE MAb which was immobilized on the test line was able to recognize both organophosphorus BChE adducts (OP-BChE) and BChE and provided equal binding affinity, permitting detection of the total enzyme amount in post-exposure human plasma samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Combining the portability and rapidity of test strip and the compatibility of BChE MAb as both capture antibody and detection antibody, the developed method provides a baseline-free, low-cost and rapid tool for in-field monitoring of OP exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • Fetal toxoplasmosis, particularly in detection of circulating DNA is the anti-T. gondii antibodies early pregnancy can cause miscarriage, only clue to its reactivation [15]. (who.int)
Antigen binds2
  • After an antigen binds to a BCR, the B cell activates to proliferate and differentiate into either plasma cells , which secrete soluble antibodies with the same paratope, or memory B cells , which survive in the body to enable long-lasting immunity to the antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • B cell activation begins when an antigen binds to the B cell receptor (BCR). (ragoninstitute.org)
Recombinant antibody2
  • This platform, combined with our wet lab partner's high-throughput recombinant antibody development program, expedites the expression and validation of top candidate antibodies, resulting in cost-effective, rapid generation of high-affinity data with an impressive hit rate of 15%, up to 85% project success rate and 80% cost and time saving. (wowktv.com)
  • VHH is a promising tool in therapeutics and immunodiagnostics applications, such as developing recombinant antibody drugs and CAR-T therapy. (genscript.com)
Mutations9
  • These show combinations of mutations in the spike region, including the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain (NTD), as well as other genomic regions. (news-medical.net)
  • To facilitate prospective surveillance for such evolution, we map how convalescent serum antibodies are impacted by all mutations to the spike's receptor-binding domain (RBD), the main target of serum neutralizing activity. (biorxiv.org)
  • Despite this inter- and intra-person heterogeneity, the mutations that most reduce antibody binding usually occur at just a few sites in the RBD's receptor binding motif. (biorxiv.org)
  • Here we comprehensively map how all amino-acid mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD affect binding by the antibodies in plasma collected from convalescent individuals ~1 to ~3 months post-symptom onset. (biorxiv.org)
  • Engineered mutations to the 10E8 paratope at light-chain solvent-exposed residues that add positive charge or hydrophobic sidechains proved to increase antibody association to anionic phospholipid vesicles in vitro and also boosted neutralization potency 27 . (elifesciences.org)
  • Conversely, mutations reducing CDR-H3 hydrophobicity (e.g. 4E10 H100-H102 Trp-Trp motif to Ala-Ala or Asp-Asp) only marginally affect antigen affinity, but drastically reduce neutralization activity and weakened association to lipid bilayers in parallel 7 , 21 , 28 , 29 . (elifesciences.org)
  • These mutations result in differential glycosylation, allowing the virus to evade previously-formed immunologic responses or monoclonal antibody neutralization. (moleculardevices.com)
  • The impact of a particular variant mutation on EC50 depends on whether the mutations are at the binding epitope or not. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Since each subset has a specific binding epitope, the mutations can quickly be recognized by one or a combination of mAb subsets. (moleculardevices.com)
Residues2
  • The CDRs of V H and V L are held in close proximity by the FRs, and amino acid residues within the CDRs bind the antigen. (justia.com)
  • We found that 5% of a database of 465 million human antibody sequences has the same residues at T2 and T6 positions in HCDR3 and Tyr in HCDR1 that could potentially form this Asp-Tyr interaction, and that this interaction might contribute to a non-canonical bulged torso conformation. (elsevierpure.com)
Interactions5
  • Simultaneous kinetic analysis of 384 antigen/antibody binding interactions using high throughput SPR. (carterra-bio.com)
  • The initial hits are optimized by structure-based design, resulting in potent RAS-binding compounds that interact with RAS inside the cells, prevent RAS-effector interactions and inhibit endogenous RAS-dependent signalling. (rcsb.org)
  • The constant region at the trunk of the antibody includes sites involved in interactions with other components of the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Less appreciated is the fact that SPRi systems provide real-time data, which enables the user to monitor the progress of binding without disturbing molecular interactions. (genengnews.com)
  • In the process of engaging the antigen, antibodies complementarity-determining regions (CDR) may need to navigate interactions with or concealment by lipid molecules. (elifesciences.org)
Sequences5
  • Customers can provide antigen sequences, active or inactive antibody sequences, and binding affinity data for a customized approach. (wowktv.com)
  • Deliverables include 20-100 ranked antibody sequences, purified antibodies, and a comprehensive project report, all completed within 4-6 weeks. (wowktv.com)
  • 2.Direct Access to Sequences: Researchers gain direct access to AI-generated antibody sequences, fostering deeper understanding and customization. (wowktv.com)
  • We show here that the reactivity of a high affinity, virus-neutralizing human antibody against the AD-2 epitope of cytomegalovirus gB can be modified by introducing other Vkappa sequences together with the original VH sequence. (lu.se)
  • It was also evident that the VH/Vkappa pairing was not promiscuous, since antibody fragments selected by phage display retained light chain sequences very similar to the original hybridoma-derived light chain, proving that a high affinity interaction was very dependent on a co-operativity between both variable domains. (lu.se)
Glycoprotein6
  • An atomic-detail model of the Marburg virus glycoprotein in complex with a neutralizing human monoclonal antibody designated MR78 was constructed using Phenix.Rosetta starting from a 3.6Å crystallographic density map. (elsevierpure.com)
  • have discovered that the conformation of the human antibody MR78 HCDR3 loop that binds to Marburg virus glycoprotein is stabilized by a non-local hydrogen bond between an Asp at T6 position of HCDR3 and a Tyr in HCDR1. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We sought to address this phenomenon for broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) 4E10, PGZL1, 10E8, and LN01 of unique lineages which all target the semi-concealed membrane-proximal epitope region (MPER) 13 - 16 of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env). (elifesciences.org)
  • We used the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment with a modified DNA library , including a base-appended base ( uracil with a guanine base at its fifth position), to create an aptamer with a high affinity for the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein . (bvsalud.org)
  • Animals immunized with aCL or with the cofactor beta-2 glycoprotein I (b2GPI) develop clinical manifestations of APS, including fetal loss, thrombocytopenia, and neurologic and behavioral dysfunction, along with elevated levels of aPL antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • The aCL antibodies bind to b2GPI, or a complex formed by this b2GPI is a platelet adhesin glycoprotein and cardiolipin. (medscape.com)
Immunity4
  • Because these fluids were traditionally known as humors , antibody-mediated immunity is sometimes known as, or considered a part of, humoral immunity . (wikipedia.org)
  • The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 could impair recognition of the virus by human antibody-mediated immunity. (biorxiv.org)
  • Conversely, propensity to bind lipids or cell membranes poses a significant auto-immunity risk. (elifesciences.org)
  • Background It is to be determined whether people infected with SARS-CoV-2 will develop long-term immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and retain long-lasting protective antibodies after the infection is resolved. (researchgate.net)
IgG12
Immune4
  • Using this binding mechanism, an antibody can tag a microbe or an infected cell for attack by other parts of the immune system, or can neutralize it directly (for example, by blocking a part of a virus that is essential for its invasion). (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies from different classes also differ in where they are released in the body and at what stage of an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • Together with B and T cells , antibodies comprise the most important part of the adaptive immune system . (wikipedia.org)
  • Other methods that are used to produce rabbit mAbs and to analyze immune antibody repertoires are high-throughput DNA technologies with mass spectrometry. (news-medical.net)
Variants7
  • A new study by researchers in France reports impaired neutralization of two new SARS-CoV-2 variants by antibodies induced by vaccination or natural infection. (news-medical.net)
  • For instance, although most Emergency Use Authorized antibodies work on the Alpha and the Delta Variants, they exhibit a lower efficacy in the Omicron Variant. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Fortunately, newer antibodies, such as Sotrovimab, managed to retain their neutralizing activity in the recent variants, so there is still a glimmer of hope. (moleculardevices.com)
  • Some antibodies are very effective against Alpha and Beta Variants but not against the Gamma or Delta variants. (moleculardevices.com)
  • In contrast, the antibodies effective against Delta and Alpha are much less effective against the Beta, Gamma and Omicron variants. (moleculardevices.com)
  • One might ask: How could we be so certain that these antibodies will be effective against future variants? (moleculardevices.com)
  • 1344 entries, 12 neutral, 347 binding affinty increasing and 985 decreasing variants. (lu.se)
MAbs2
  • Both mAbs have sub-nanomolar affinity for human PRL (hPRL) and produce concentration-dependent and complete inhibition of hPRL signaling at the hPRL receptor (hPRLR). (iasp-pain.org)
  • Consistent with their isotypes, these mAbs only differ in binding affinities to Fcγ receptors, as expected by design. (iasp-pain.org)
Fragments4
  • Other fragments and chimeric antibodies have also been made. (justia.com)
  • A potential solution to these problems is to select intracellular antibody fragments to block PPIs, use these antibody fragments for target validation in disease models and finally derive small molecules overlapping the antibody-binding site. (rcsb.org)
  • Our results may aid RAS-dependent cancer drug development and demonstrate a general concept for developing small compounds to replace intracellular antibody fragments, enabling rational drug development to target validated PPIs. (rcsb.org)
  • Structurally an antibody is also partitioned into two antigen-binding fragments (Fab), containing one V L , V H , C L , and C H 1 domain each, as well as the crystallisable fragment (Fc), forming the trunk of the Y shape. (wikipedia.org)
Serum2
  • As demonstrated in Table 3, there was no significant correlation between days of symptom onset to collection of serum and antibody index/ratio to suggest waning of antibodies during the time period tested. (researchgate.net)
  • Incubation of test serum with the disk allows specific antibodies, if present, to bind to the immobilized antigen. (cdc.gov)
Receptors1
  • Initially, all antibodies are of the first form, attached to the surface of a B cell - these are then referred to as B-cell receptors (BCR). (wikipedia.org)
Primary antibody3
  • This conjugated primary antibody is released using a quantitative quality control method that evaluates binding affinity post-conjugation and efficiency of antibody labeling. (abcam.com)
  • For western blots, incubate membrane with diluted primary antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween ® 20 at 4°C with gentle shaking, overnight. (cellsignal.com)
  • Please refer to primary antibody product webpage for recommended antibody dilution. (cellsignal.com)
Rabbit monoclonal1
  • GenScript has developed a series of rabbit monoclonal (MonoRab™) anti-VHH antibodies to facilitate your research of VHHs. (genscript.com)
Conjugate2
  • Here, we describe preclinical data for a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), SAR408701, which consists of an anti-CEACAM5 antibody (SAR408377) coupled to a maytansinoid agent DM4 via a cleavable linker. (nih.gov)
  • This conjugate pad along with a nitrocellulose pad layered with a monoclonal antibody (McAb, 4B7F9) against EBOV-VP40 and goat anti-rabbit Ig, sample application pad, and absorbent pad were assembled together to form a lateral flow test strip. (news-medical.net)
RCSB PDB1
  • A more accurate depiction of an antibody (3D structure at RCSB PDB ). (wikipedia.org)
Biotin1
IgG41
  • 3) Prior sensitization to workplace allergens among new tective role for IgG4 antibodies. (cdc.gov)
Vitro1
  • The anti-daratumumab antibodies are approved for in vitro research purposes and for commercial applications providing in vitro testing services to support preclinical and clinical drug development. (the-scientist.com)
Hybridoma-based1
  • All antibody forms - polyclonal, hybridoma-based monoclonal and recombinant monoclonal - have pros and cons for development, validation and use. (nih.gov)
Specific6
  • [2] [3] Each tip of the "Y" of an antibody contains a paratope (analogous to a lock) that is specific for one particular epitope (analogous to a key) on an antigen, allowing these two structures to bind together with precision. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. (NYSE: BIO and BIOb), a global leader of life science research and clinical diagnostic products, today announced the launch of a range of anti-daratumumab antibodies that are specific for daratumumab (Darzalex) and inhibit the binding of the drug to its target, CD38. (the-scientist.com)
  • These highly specific and high-affinity recombinant antibodies are suitable for bioanalysis and drug monitoring of daratumumab and its biosimilars. (the-scientist.com)
  • The goal of the collaboration is to create bi-specific antibodies that target Alzheimer's disease and brain tumors," says Dr. Danica Stanimirovic, director of the Neurobiology Program at NRC-IBS. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • To track VHH in patients, animal models, and cell cultures, specific anti-VHH antibodies are required. (genscript.com)
  • Sorting out the new HSV type specific antibody tests. (cdc.gov)
Reactivity1
  • No. A01860 ) exhibits stronger affinity because it has low cross-reactivity. (genscript.com)
Maturation3
  • Ainnocence, a leading AI innovator in biotechnology launched a groundbreaking AI-enabled platform for antibody affinity maturation and de novo design. (wowktv.com)
  • Our AI-powered Fast Affinity Maturation Service offers a multitude of benefits over conventional methods such as phage display and hybridoma generation. (wowktv.com)
  • Our service encompasses de novo antibody design and fixed template antibody affinity maturation. (wowktv.com)
Researchers3
  • Researchers hoped that such antibodies would be no more foreign to the human body than a genuine human antibody, but the utility of such antibodies has been restricted, at least in some cases, by a reduction in the antibody's affinity for the antigen. (justia.com)
  • The researchers used two anti-RBD antibodies, mAb102 and mAb48, that bind to the RBDs in the 'up' conformation and thereby prevent RBD-ACE2 binding. (news-medical.net)
  • SentinusAI ® , a self-evolving artificial intelligence engine, empowers researchers to rapidly enhance antibody affinity. (wowktv.com)
Selectively2
  • As such, CEACAM5 is an attractive target for antibody-based therapies designed to selectively deliver cytotoxic drugs to certain epithelial tumors. (nih.gov)
  • SAR408701 bound selectively to human and cynomolgus monkey CEACAM5 with similar apparent Kd values (0.017 nmol/L and 0.024 nmol/L, respectively). (nih.gov)
Chimeric1
  • Moreover, miltuximab, a chimeric anti-GPC1 antibody, was shown to be safe and well tolerated when radiolabeled in a clinical trial 21 . (nature.com)
Pathogens1
  • Antibodies are exquisite, naturally occurring biological agents that play a critical role in defending the body from pathogens. (justia.com)
High8
  • Bottom) Enlarged view of the data from 3 spots showing antibodies that bound their target with diverse kinetics (low, medium, and high affinities, from left to right). (carterra-bio.com)
  • This ultrasound-based method enables single-step selection of a high-affinity peptide. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1.Vast Sequence Space Exploration: Our advanced AI algorithms efficiently screen and analyze extensive sequence spaces, identifying potential antibody candidates with high affinity. (wowktv.com)
  • However, CD25 associates with CD122 (IL-2 receptor beta chain) and CD132 (common gamma chain) to form the high affinity IL-2 receptor. (thermofisher.com)
  • IL2RA, IL2R beta chain (IL2RB), and the IL2R gamma chain (IL2RG), constitute the high-affinity IL2 receptor. (thermofisher.com)
  • CXCR7 can bind with high-affinity to CXCL12/SDF-1 and CXCL11/I-TAC. (rndsystems.com)
  • This body of work still influences ongoing research into the production of high-affinity antibody responses. (ragoninstitute.org)
  • A high-affinity aptamer with base-appended base-modified DNA bound to isolated authentic SARS-CoV-2 strains wild-type and B.1.617.2 (delta variant). (bvsalud.org)
Quantitative1
Cytomegalovirus1
  • Aarnisalo J, Ilonen J, Vainionpaa R, Volanen I, Kaitosaari T, Simell O. Development of antibodies against cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus in Finland during the first eight years of life: a prospective study. (cdc.gov)
Species1
  • The heavy chain is responsible for both receptor some species of the genus Clostridium, in particular, Clostridium binding via its C-terminal (CT) binding domain [4,5] (HC) and botulinum, C. butyricum, C. baratii, and C. argentinense. (cdc.gov)
Immunoassay1
  • We developed a 1-hour field enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for detecting antibody to Sin Nombre virus in deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ). (cdc.gov)
Stability2
  • The Fab format has a greater advantage due to its monomeric nature, higher stability, and affinity. (news-medical.net)
  • Avidity is perhaps a more informative measure of the overall stability or strength of the antibody-antigen complex. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Vaccine development1
  • In 2016, he joined the Ragon Institute to start a new research program applying his expertise in B cells and antibody responses to vaccine development. (ragoninstitute.org)
ELISA2
  • Ashley-Morrow R, Nolkamper J, Robinson NH, Bishop N, Smith J. Performance of Focus ELISA tests for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 antibodies among women in ten diverse geographical locations. (cdc.gov)
  • La présente étude menée dans la partie orientale de l'Iraq a examiné le test ELISA d'avidité des anticorps IgG pour dépister les infections à Toxoplasma gondii récentes chez les femmes enceintes, puis a comparé les méthodes immunologiques et la méthode PCR en tant que dosages moléculaires pour la pose du diagnostic de l'infection à T. gondii . (who.int)
Kinetics1
Recognize2