Afferent neural pathway. Medical search. Frequent questions

The first aim addresses whether neural secretory reflexes triggered by mucosal stroking and activation of 5-HT1P receptors present on intrinsic afferent neurons stimulate chloride secretion. (usda.gov)
In general, these studies are expected to provide important insights into the neural reflex pathways that govern the fluidity of the intestinal contents, and in particular, the role of substance P-containing neurons during normal or pathophysiologic states of inflammation. (usda.gov)
An interneuron (also called relay neuron , association neuron , connector neuron or local circuit neuron ) is a multipolar neuron which connects afferent neurons and efferent neurons in neural pathways. (medicalxpress.com)
Why does neural activity extend well beyond those neurons responsible for the behavior? (nature.com)
If a majority of neurons are indeed active during behavior, this would imply that the neural ensembles that are capable of eliciting specific behaviors (e.g., mating, aggression, or egg laying), will also be active during unrelated behaviors. (nature.com)
These mechanoreceptors are innervated by the first-order neurons of the tactile pathway. (nature.com)
To make a direct and principled connection between the SI waveform and underlying neural dynamics, we developed a biophysically realistic computational SI model that contained excitatory and inhibitory neurons in supragranular and infragranular layers. (jneurosci.org)
In a simple reflex this includes a sensory receptor, afferent or sensory neuron, reflex center in the brain or spinal cord, one or more efferent neurons, and an effector organ. (unboundmedicine.com)
Most reflexes, however, are more complicated and include internuncial or associative neurons intercalated between afferent and efferent neurons. (unboundmedicine.com)
Contribution of small diameter non-peptidergic primary afferent neurons to central neuropathic pain in a new, more clinically relevant mouse model of multiple sclerosis. (atsbio.com)
The cell bodies of primary afferent neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia, which lie in the vertebral foramina at each spinal cord level. (brainkart.com)
Induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) of the synaptic connection between two hippocampal glutamatergic neurons in a neural network formed in cell culture resulted in a specific pattern of potentiation at other connections within the network. (jneurosci.org)
In the present study, we used cultures of dissociated hippocampal neurons to characterize the spread of LTP in defined neural networks. (jneurosci.org)
The ENS forms a complete sensory-motor reflex composed of intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs), interneurons, and motor neurons. (encyclopedia.pub)
Sensory nerves contain only afferent fibers, long dendrites of sensory neurons. (sageadvices.com)
When the sensory neurons transmit signals to the spinal cord, an automatic response is generated through a neural pathway called the reflex arc. (newdogtips.com)

Afferent nerve fibers run from the receptors via the dorsal penile nerve and pudendal nerve into the spinal cord. (urology-textbook.com)
Another neural pathway controls the blink reflex, via trigeminal afferents and the somatic efferent fibers of the seventh cranial nerve. (drgrant.net)
Some unmyelinated afferent (C) fibers have been shown to enter the spinal cord via the ventral nerve (motor) root, accounting for obser-vations that some patients continue to feel pain even after transection of the dorsal nerve root (rhizotomy) and report pain following ventral root stimulation. (brainkart.com)
As afferent fibers enter the spinal cord, they segre-gate according to size, with large, myelinated fibers becoming medial, and small, unmyelinated fibers becoming lateral. (brainkart.com)
The afferent fibers of the VN arrive at the nucleus of the tractus solitaries, whose fibers ascend towards the thalamus. (encyclopedia.pub)
Spatial and temporal characteristics of this response are consistent with interoceptive information flow via afferent autonomic fibers. (nih.gov)
The corpus callosum is the largest set of commissural fibers in the brain and is a pathway of crucial importance to speech-language functions (Fig. 2-10, B). (sageadvices.com)
Sensory information is carried from your eyes to your brain by way of askedApr 6, 2017in Psychologyby Hello_Katie a. afferent fibers. (sageadvices.com)
When these receptors are stimulated, they transmit the sensory information to the spinal cord through afferent nerve fibers. (newdogtips.com)
2 Pathophysiology of Detrusor Overactivity In healthful people unmyelinated bladder afferent C-fibers in the suburothelium respond at high thresholds to mechanised stimuli such as for example volume distension. (tam-receptor.com)
In this manner the afferent C-fibers can display a minimal threshold to mechanised stimuli like bladder distension at low amounts plus they can excite the spinal-cord with the next parasympathetic Fargesin discharge of acetylcholine and erratic contractions from the detrusor muscle tissue. (tam-receptor.com)
The neural elements of somatosensory receptors in the hands and feet represent the distal extreme of long afferent fibers, and thus, are par- ticularly vulnerable in the distal axonopathies. (cdc.gov)
The afferent input from these fibers inhibits propagation of nociception carried in the small, unmyelinated C fibers by blocking transmission along these fibers to the target or T cells located in the substantia gelatinosa (laminae 2 and 3) of the dorsal horn. (medscape.com)

Our findings suggest that the synergy between sensory afferents and nociceptors conveys more information about tactile stimuli which in turn leads to the robustness of the proposed neuromorphic system against damage to the taxels or afferents. (nature.com)
Its afferent and efferent limbs are branches of a single nerve fiber, the axon (axon-like dendrite) of a sensory neuron. (unboundmedicine.com)
The dorsal column system (sometimes referred to as the dorsal column-medial lemniscus) and the spinothalamic tract are two major pathways that bring sensory information to the brain (Figure 1). (sageadvices.com)
A sensory system consists of sensory receptors, neural pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception. (sageadvices.com)
To evaluate the effect of HDBS in PAG/DRN on the nociceptive pathways related to pain perception, microelectrode recordings were made in cortical areas known to be involved in the sensory-discriminative and affective aspects of pain. (lu.se)
These results show that granular and high-resolution PAG/DRN stimulation enables potent, specific, safe, and durable analgesia by blocking the nociceptive-evoked motor, sensory and affective responses without significant activation of pathways provoking adverse side effects. (lu.se)

They depend on an intact neural pathway between the stimulation point and a responding organ. (unboundmedicine.com)
Madrid LI, Bandhavkar S, Hafey K, Jimenez-Martin J, Milne M, Coulson EJ, Jhaveri DJ (2022) Stimulation of the muscarinic receptor M4 activates quiescent neural precursor cells and ameliorates medial septum cholinergic lesion-induced impairments in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. (atsbio.com)
Epidural Stimulation can activate both afferent and efferent pathways. (victoryoverparalysis.org)
The neural pathways that can mediate motor-evoked potentials to all muscles of the lower limbs are highly dependent on the stimulation parameters. (victoryoverparalysis.org)
The electric response evoked in the cerebral cortex by visual stimulation or stimulation of the visual pathways. (lookformedical.com)
The main aim was to elucidate whether stimulation of individually selected microelectrodes can selectively activate the anti-nociceptive pathways without activating networks that provoke side effects. (lu.se)

Area of the OCCIPITAL LOBE concerned with the processing of visual information relayed via VISUAL PATHWAYS. (lookformedical.com)

citation needed] This reflex may also be impaired by damage to the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve which relays the afferent branch of the reflex arc. (wikipedia.org)
In recent years, a mass of research has identified that gut microbiota and corresponding bacterial metabolites can target the brain through various pathways, such as nervous conduction (enteric nerve, vagus nerve, etc. (frontiersin.org)
Afferent signals pass via the pudendal nerve to the sacral erection center, and efferent signals reach via the inferior hypogastric plexus the erectile tissue. (urology-textbook.com)
These afferent nerve pathways enter the brain at the area of the medulla, and cascade up into the higher centers of the brain, where they may influence perception, decision making and other cognitive processes (7). (elephantjournal.com)
Optic neuritis refers to an inflammatory injury of the optic nerve and represents a common afferent visual pathway manifestation of MS. Less often, homonymous visual field defects caused by retrogeniculate lesions are encountered. (medscape.com)

Given these physiological observations, the bio-inspired afferents are randomly connected to the several neighboring mechanoreceptors with different weights to form their own receptive field. (nature.com)
The dual use of a neural pathway in different physiological conditions illustrates the efficiency with which several functions can be accommodated in a single circuit. (ox.ac.uk)

Indeed, activation of tactile afferents spatially encodes the contact stimuli and sends the tactile information to the upper layers of the somatosensory pathway. (nature.com)
Stoerig, 2006 ), and previous reports conflict as to the presence of neural correlates of tactile detection in primate primary somatosensory cortex (SI). (jneurosci.org)
We examined cortical correlates of somatosensory perception in human SI by combining MEG and computational neural modeling. (jneurosci.org)
Through complex neural pathways consisting of somatosensory afferents to autonomic (cavernous) nerves, and supraspinal structures including the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus and the paraventricular nucleus, magnetic therapy arousal stimulates the release of neurotransmitters that initiate erection. (moonqo.com)

In the present study, we propose a bio-inspired tactile system with a population of 23 digital afferents: 12 RA-I, 6 SA-I, and 5 nociceptors. (nature.com)
One of the main features of biological tactile afferents is that their distal axon branches in the skin, creating complex receptive fields. (nature.com)
These findings strongly support the view that signatures of tactile detection are present in human SI and are mediated by local neural dynamics induced by lamina-specific synaptic drive. (jneurosci.org)
The HDBS-induced analgesia could be sustained for at least 4 hours and did not provoke significant side effects on behaviour, spontaneous activity, and brain states and it had a minor effect on the tactile afferent pathway to the cortex. (lu.se)

By including realistic mossy fiber signals, as well as realistic conduction delays in afferent and efferent pathways, the model allowed the investigation of timing and predictive processes relevant to cerebellar involvement in the control of movement. (mit.edu)

This effect was associated with decreased activation of pathways linked to neurotrophin and glutamate receptor signaling. (researchgate.net)

Both types of pathways are also influenced by supra-spinal structures. (riverpublishers.com)
1988), ii) the integration of the afferent information arising from the stretch reflex at the spinal and cortical level, iii) how the central nervous system makes functional use of this afferent information. (riverpublishers.com)

On this basis, we explored the olfactory neural pathways through both rsFC and DTI to examine the olfactory processing mechanism of IHH patients. (researchsquare.com)
In this way, the impact of the innervation mechanism and collaboration of afferents and nociceptors on sharpness recognition are investigated. (nature.com)
Later, neurophysiologists discovered a neural pathway and mechanism whereby input from the heart to the brain could inhibit or facilitate the brain's electrical activity (5). (elephantjournal.com)
The neural mechanism for this behavior is still not understood. (uzh.ch)
Studies in rodents suggest an afferent interoceptive neural mechanism, although comparable data in humans are lacking. (nih.gov)

Spike responses of the biomimetic afferents are then collected for analysis by rate and temporal coding algorithms. (nature.com)
While the mechanical response is similar for ankle and knee extensors, this was not always the case for the neural responses observed. (riverpublishers.com)
Here, using a simple control system model, we show that plausible changes in the neural responses within the central vestibulo-ocular reflex pathway are adequate to cause eye position dependent effects in the nystagmus pattern. (uzh.ch)
In clinical depression, however, a transition occurs to sensitization of immuno-inflammatory pathways, progressive damage by oxidative and nitrosative stress to lipids, proteins, and DNA, and autoimmune responses directed against self-epitopes. (biomedcentral.com)
Proceeding in an ascending pathway, the second control step occurs in the prevertebral ganglia, which mediates visceral reflex responses [ 9 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
The circuit's essential building block is a rapid inhibitory pathway: it selectively suppresses responses to non-approaching objects. (ox.ac.uk)

The efferent neural pathway then follows, with relevant signals transmitted back from the cerebral cortex and medulla via the vagus and superior laryngeal nerves to the glottis, external intercostals, diaphragm, and other major inspiratory and expiratory muscles. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, the role of midbrain dopamine is positioned at the intersection between selected hormonal signals involved in food reward information processing (namely, leptin, ghrelin, and insulin), and lipid-derived neural mediators such as endocannabinoids. (frontiersin.org)
The heart's afferent neurological signals directly affect activity in the amygdala and associated nuclei, an important emotional processing center in the brain. (elephantjournal.com)
The centrally located vestibular system involves neural pathways in the brain that respond to afferent input from the peripheral vestibular system in the inner ear and provide efferent signals that make these reflexes possible. (thewildanddomestic.com)
In the daytime conditions of our experiments, the same pathway conveys signals in the reverse direction. (ox.ac.uk)

Many studies shown that neurological diseases are associated with neural mitochondrial dysfunctions and microbiome composition alterations. (frontiersin.org)
Recent studies have identified neural mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical pathogenic factor for the onset and progress of multiple neurological disorders, in which the non-negligible role of altered gut flora composition was increasingly noticed. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we proposed a new perspective of intestinal microbiota - neural mitochondria interaction as a communicating channel from gut to brain, which could help to extend the vision of gut-brain axis regulation and provide additional research directions on treatment and prevention of responsive neurological disorders. (frontiersin.org)

When you move around and exercise, you are firing the frequency of neural pathways that then increases your vagal tone. (spinalresearch.com.au)
Chen CH, Tsai TC, Wu YJ, Hsu KS (2023) Gastric vagal afferent signaling to the basolateral amygdala mediates anxiety-like behaviors in experimental colitis mice. (atsbio.com)
Krieger JP, Asker M, Van der Velden P, Börchers S, Richard JE, Maric I, Longo F, Singh A, De Larigue G, Skibicka KP (2022) Neural pathway for gut feelings: vagal interoceptive feedback from the gastrointestinal tract is a critical modulator of anxiety-like behavior. (atsbio.com)

The emetic center can be activated by afferent neural pathways from digestive (eg, pharynx, stomach, small bowel) and nondigestive (eg, heart, testes) organs, the chemoreceptor trigger zone located in the area postrema on the floor of the 4th ventricle (containing dopamine and serotonin receptors), and other central nervous system centers (eg, brain stem, vestibular system). (msdmanuals.com)
Specific modalities can be associated with unique peripheral receptors, peripheral axons of stereotyped diameter and specific central projection pathways. (cdc.gov)

In the dorsal horn, the pri-mary afferent neuron synapses with a second-order neuron whose axon crosses the midline and ascends in the contralateral spinothalamic tract to reach the thalamus. (brainkart.com)
The first six laminae, which make up the dorsal horn, receive all afferent neural activity and represent the principal site of modulation of pain by ascending and descending neural pathways. (brainkart.com)
Minimally, a recep- tor includes a peripheral axon terminal of one pri- mary afferent neuron, whose cell body is sited proximally in the dorsal root ganglion. (cdc.gov)

The vestibular system is a complex set of structures and neural pathways that serves a wide variety of functions that contribute to our sense of proprioception and equilibrium. (thewildanddomestic.com)
In acute stages of unilateral vestibular deficit, the imbalanced tonic activity on vestibular afferents evokes spontaneous nystagmus. (uzh.ch)

The results may indicate that a specific structural-functional asymmetry exists in the olfactory cortex pathways in KS patients. (researchsquare.com)
Pain is conducted along three neuronal pathways that transmit noxious stimuli from the periphery to the cerebral cortex. (brainkart.com)

The pons relays afferent information from the bladder to higher brain centers, which in turn communicate with the periaqueductal gray matter, a relay station that collects higher brain center intput and processes this in order to signal the PMC to trigger or suppress the voiding reflex. (medscape.com)

The innervation pattern enables individual afferents to encode a portion of the geometric characteristics of the touched objects 4 . (nature.com)
8. Lindvall, O., Björklund, A.: Dopaminengic innervation of the globus pallidus by collaterals from the nigrostriatal pathway. (lu.se)

Thus, shared immuno-inflammatory pathways underpin the physiology of sickness behavior and the pathophysiology of clinical depression explaining their partially overlapping phenomenology. (biomedcentral.com)

This pathway is called the reflex arc. (unboundmedicine.com)

Thus, the lateral hypothalamus-ventral tegmental area-nucleus accumbens neural circuitry is reexamined in order to interrogate the functional interplay between ghrelin, dopamine, orexin, and endocannabinoid signaling. (frontiersin.org)
We aimed to compare the resting-state structural and functional connectivity (FC) of olfactory neural pathways in patients with nIHH and KS. (researchsquare.com)
To effectively comment on the significance of these pathways, data on their neural interconnectivity has to be combined with the functional consequences using biomechanical data such as the resulting changes in joint stiffness. (riverpublishers.com)
The latter mechanisms are the substrate of a neuroprogressive process, whereby multiple depressive episodes cause neural tissue damage and consequent functional and cognitive sequelae. (biomedcentral.com)

This rapid inhibitory pathway, which includes AII amacrine cells connected to bipolar cells through electrical synapses, was previously described in the context of night-time vision. (ox.ac.uk)

There is increasing evidence that the brain relies on a set of canonical neural computations, repeating them across brain regions and modalities to apply similar operations to different problems. (nih.gov)
Therefore, considering the common ancestries, similar mechanisms, similar goals, and similar structures between gut microbiota and mitochondria ( Franco-Obregon and Gilbert, 2017 ), is it possible that neural mitochondria are direct targets of intestinal microflora and function as key mediators regulating gut-brain interaction? (frontiersin.org)
A University of California, Irvine-led team of researchers working at the Center for Neural Circuit Mapping find links between brain disorders and dysfunction of newly identified inhibitory brain cell types. (medicalxpress.com)
Information from the heart, including feeling sensations, is sent to the brain through several afferents. (elephantjournal.com)
When heart rhythm patterns are coherent the neural information sent to the brain facilitates cortical function. (elephantjournal.com)
The brain and the immune system communicate through different pathways. (bioseek.eu)
Overall, the brain receives input via afferent pathways that ascend from the bladder and provide feedback on how full the bladder is. (medscape.com)

Its presence in such a diversity of neural systems in multiple species, from invertebrates to mammals, suggests that it serves as a canonical neural computation. (nih.gov)
Neural Computation (1999) 11 (3): 565-594. (mit.edu)

When there is certainly imbalance and interruption from the afferent and efferent pathways between anxious program and bladder the micturition reflex as well as the pathways included are reorganized but aberrations in various neural routes take place. (tam-receptor.com)
The disruption from the spinobulbospinal pathway could also bring about dyscoordination from the bladder-sphincter complicated producing a nonrelaxing exterior urethral sphincter during detrusor contraction: detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia [10]. (tam-receptor.com)

Currently, it is considered that waking tear flow is a reflex response to afferent impulses deriving particularly, but not entirely, from the ocular surface. (drgrant.net)

We do not yet understand the central processing pathways in the olfactory system, especially regarding these disorders. (researchsquare.com)

Since mitochondria emerged from bacterial ancestors during endosymbiosis, mitochondria, and bacteria had analogous genomic characteristics, similar bioactive compounds and comparable energy metabolism pathways. (frontiersin.org)

We will not discuss signal transduction pathways, enteric nervous systems related to controlling food intake, or neural signalling pathways in organs associated with the gastrointestinal tract such as liver or pancreas. (hindawi.com)

Autogenic reflex pathways influence the muscles from which they arise whereas heterogenic pathways influence the activation of muscles apart from the muscles of origin. (riverpublishers.com)
However the results also emphasize the need to further investigate the role of heteronymous reflex pathways as these provide the ability to link muscles that span different joints. (riverpublishers.com)

These clusters participate in the global dynamics, indicating that neural activity reflects a combination of local and broadly distributed components. (nature.com)
These results imply the existence of a long-range cytoplasmic signaling within the presynaptic neuron and add a new dimension to activity-induced synaptic modification at the network level that bears direct implications to developmental remodeling and learning functions of the neural network. (jneurosci.org)

Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations are frequently encountered in multiple sclerosis (MS). Affected individuals may experience problems with how they see the world (afferent visual pathway symptoms) and/or how their eyes move together (efferent visual pathway disorders). (medscape.com)

Anatomy35

Organisms7

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Psychiatry and Psychology12

Phenomena and Processes22

Disciplines and Occupations2

Health Care1

Neurons16

Fibers13

Sensory6

Stimulation6

VISUAL PATHWAYS1

Nerve5

Physiological2

Somatosensory4

Tactile4

Conduction1

Activation of pathways1

Spinal2

Mechanism5

Responses6

Signals5

Neurological3

Vagal3

Receptors2

Dorsal3

Vestibular2

Cortex2

Relays1

Innervation2

Physiology1

Called the reflex arc1

Functional4

Synapses1

Brain7

Computation2

Bladder2

Ocular1

Central1

Comparable1

Gastrointestinal tract1

Muscles2

Activity2

Disorders1