Affect germ cell and embryonic germ cells plant. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the rare instances that they develop to postimplantation stages, gynogenetic embryos show better embryonic development relative to placental development, while for androgenones, the reverse is true. (wikipedia.org)
CRISPR is the type of genetic editing that will be focused on here, and if it should be used on germline cells in embryos will be considered. (lewisu.edu)
Genetically modifying human embryos is dangerous because of the various medical risks, and the gene editing technology still has uncertainties associated with its effectiveness and ability to cause unwanted effects in the germline cells. (lewisu.edu)
Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)
Platt followed the paths of cells in developing mudpuppy embryos to see how embryonic cells migrated during the formation of the head. (asu.edu)
Dr. Henri Woelders, of Wageningen Livestock Research (WLR) and the Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN) presented on the potential of cryopreservation and use of various types of germplasm in pigs and chicken, focussing on embryos, gonads, primordial germ cells and semen, and including some highlights from the EU Horizon 2020 IMAGE project (LINK). (wur.nl)
The embryos of larger arthropods and deuterostomes with well-provisioned eggs or viviparity, on the other hand, exhibit regulative development, while their larval "set-aside" or adult stem cells function in the growth, maintenance, and regulation of organ size coupled to constrained proliferation and cell turnover. (iospress.com)

The best evidence suggests that most are due to abnormal differentiation of fetal germ cells that arise from the fetal yolk sac. (medscape.com)
The term stem cell can be defined by two very important qualities: the cell has the ability to self-renew and, in a more general sense, the cell has not completed differentiation into its final state. (thefutureofthings.com)
This general definition includes a wide variety of cells with varying degrees of differentiation potential. (thefutureofthings.com)
Starting from the zygotic genome, stage- and cell-type-specific transcription factors initiate regulatory cascades that induce cell differentiation. (nature.com)
Altered epigenomes can lead to changes in programmed cell differentiation or, when accidental, to disease (bottom right). (nature.com)
The following chapters cover the epigenetic systems of plants, the epigenetic profile of embryonic stem cells, cell differentiation, imprinting marks, and random X chromosome inactivation. (caister.com)
Fracture Healing in Diabetes Fracture repair entails recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells after which differentiation to chondrocytes that type cartilage (see Chapter 12). (dnahelix.com)
Mammalian adult stem cells resemble the blastomeres of planktonic and benthic organisms with small eggs and may have evolved in mature organisms as an adaptation to the growth and maintenance of tissues via proliferation and the regulation of organ size via cell loss (e.g., terminal differentiation). (iospress.com)

In addition to their ability to supply cells at the turnover rate of their respective tissues, they can be stimulated to repair injured tissue caused by liver damage, skin abrasions and blood loss. (thefutureofthings.com)
The ability of our body to regenerate some of its tissues is largely owed to the reserves of adult stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Mechanochemical Principles of Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Cells and Tissues. (mpi-cbg.de)
Also in vitro, the ES cells can be used to generate various types of cells and tissues. (wur.nl)
We therefore analyse the role of imprinted genes in multiple tissues in two affected generations of an established murine model of the developmental origins of health and disease using microarrays and quantitative RT-PCR. (prolekarniky.cz)
The complex protein molecules present in the tissues and circulating liquids, in plants and animals, are all formed by a very high number of one or different amino acids and therefore the approximately 20 amino acids existing in nature, combining each other can give rise to a very high number of proteins, each with its own characteristics. (wabluspets.com)
Strategies for regenerative therapies in adult mammals, therefore, might be based on stimulating growth of adult stem cells or their surrogates in specific tissues rather than on introducing embryonic stem cells into adults. (iospress.com)

Cryopreservation and transfer of gonads was shown to be an effective means in bird and mammalian species, while primordial germ cells offer possibilities and potential advantages in bird and fish species. (wur.nl)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the 'inner cell mass' of an early embryo give rise to all future cells and tissue of an animal, including the primordial germ cells, which ultimately form the germ cells (sperm or oocytes). (wur.nl)

These epigenetic marks are established ("imprinted") in the germline (sperm or egg cells) of the parents and are maintained through mitotic cell divisions in the somatic cells of an organism. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer A clonal growth (cells all descended from one ancestral cell) that undergo continuing mitotic divisions and are not inhibited in their growth when they come in contact with neighboring cells (contact inhibition). (agemed.org)
Eggs are formed from progenitor germ cells that exit the mitotic cycle, thereby ending their ability to proliferate through cell division, and subsequently enter meiosis, a process unique to the formation of eggs and sperm which removes one half of the genetic material from each type of cell prior to fertilization. (science20.com)
Two daughter cells are the result of the mitotic process while four cells result from the meiotic process. (stevechase.org)

At the top of the list comes the zygote-a fertilized egg, which of course has the ability to divide and differentiate into all cell types in the body and create a new organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
The first three divisions of the zygote give birth to eight totipotent cells, each of which also has the ability to become an entire organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
Biologists have long sought to understand how a fertilized egg can form an organism composed of hundreds of specialized cell types, each expressing a defined set of genes. (nature.com)
Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)
1] In a broader sense, ageing can refer to single cells within an organism which have ceased dividing, or to the population of a species. (stevechase.org)
Early life forms on Earth, starting at least 3.7 billion years ago,[12] were single-celled organisms (an organism that consists of a single cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of multiple cells). (stevechase.org)
Aging and mortality of the individual organism became possible with the evolution of sexual reproduction,[15] which occurred with the emergence of the fungal/animal kingdoms approximately a billion years ago, and the evolution of seed-producing plants 320 million years ago. (stevechase.org)

In diploid organisms (like humans), the somatic cells possess two copies of the genome, one inherited from the father and one from the mother. (wikipedia.org)
Scientists have observed ring canals in male and female germ cells across all types of species, from simpler organisms like sponges and fruit flies to more complex animals like mice and humans. (sciencedaily.com)
Single cells and organisms may adapt to harmful oxidative stress conditions, through stress-activated factors. (springer.com)
Such organisms (Prokaryotes, Protozoans, algae) multiply by fission into daughter cells. (stevechase.org)

Fig. 1: Epigenetic mechanisms that maintain cell identities during development and throughout life. (nature.com)
Epigenetic components (for example, Polycomb PRC1/2 and Trithorax group proteins) maintain the 'off' states of certain genes and the 'on' states of others, in a cell-type- and time-specific manner (the bottom panels show three genes, depicted schematically as chromatinized templates, in which transcription is triggered by specific transcription factors and silent or active states are maintained by PRC1/2 or Trithorax proteins, respectively). (nature.com)
Although host susceptibility stress, (6) induces chronic inflam- benzene) that induce not only muta- factors have a modulating role in mation, (7) is immunosuppressive, tions but also a variety of epigenetic carcinogenesis and can affect un- (8) modulates receptor-mediated changes. (who.int)

The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)
Germline genome editing is different in the way that it makes changes to germline cells, which are cells that "give rise to egg or sperm cells" and it edits embryonic cells, which are cells in the embryo that give rise to reproductive cells (Kannan). (lewisu.edu)
With her research, Platt challenged then current theories about germ layers, the types of cells in an early embryo that develop into adult cells. (asu.edu)
This process gets rid of unneeded cells and is particularly important for "sculpting" tissue and organ structure during development of the embryo (or larval metamorphosis in insects), but may occur at any time even in adult cells when a tissue needs to be remodeled. (agemed.org)
Because of the large numbers, this work provides insights into factors affecting success rates of ovum pick-up and in vitro embryo production. (wur.nl)
Cells in the womb near the embryo are loaded with nutrients. (ehd.org)

It is now known that there are at least 80 imprinted genes in humans and mice, many of which are involved in embryonic and placental growth and development. (wikipedia.org)
Mutter suggested that these genes or the cells have only the maternal imprint because many teratomas arise from a parthenogenetically activated egg. (medscape.com)
A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis -elements determine the polyadenylation site, which may result in the choice of non-canonical sites, resulting in alternative polyadenylation events, involved in the regulation of more than 80% of the genes expressed in plants. (frontiersin.org)
The pluripotency of the initial cell and the establishment of cell types depend to a large extent on the coordinated deployment of hundreds of transcription factors that bind to specific DNA sequences to activate or repress the transcription of cell lineage genes 1 . (nature.com)
One mutation is all it would take to genetically ruin a whole bloodline of future generations because when genes in germline cells are edited, the edits become inheritable. (lewisu.edu)
Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
In yet another coup for a research concept known as "big data," researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a computerized algorithm to understand the complex and rapid choreography of hundreds of proteins that interact in mindboggling combinations to govern how genes are flipped on and off within a cell. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
others affect the expression of genes great distances away. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
However, we propose that those imprinted genes that are affected may play important roles in the foetal response to undernutrition and potentially its long-term sequelae. (prolekarniky.cz)
Furthermore, candidate genes at these intervals harboring major and stable QTLs were predicted, and they were associated with plant development and water transportation in most cases. (chinaagrisci.com)
It upregulated the declined level of serum testosterone and the expression of steroidogenic genes such as CYP11A1 and 17β3-HSD with an obvious histologic improvement of the testes with re-establishment of the normal spermatogenic series, Sertoli and Leydig cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The vast majority of genes in eukaryotes are located within chromosomal structures in the nucleus of the cell. (nature.com)

By definition, teratomas include components derived from all three embryonic layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm. (medscape.com)
The ICM continues to differentiate into three germ layers-ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, each of which follows a specific developmental destiny that takes them along an ever-specifying path at which end the daughter cells will make up the different organs of the human body. (thefutureofthings.com)

Adult stem cells can be used to accelerate bone or tendon healing , and they can induce cartilage progenitor cells to produce a better matrix and repair cartilage damage . (thefutureofthings.com)
While traditional thinking has held that female mammals are born with all of the eggs they will ever have, newer research has demonstrated that adult mouse and human ovaries contain a rare population of progenitor germ cells called oogonial stem cells capable of dividing and generating new oocytes. (science20.com)
Researchers traced the number of divisions a cell has undergone with age (its 'depth') and counted the number of times progenitor germ cells divided before becoming oocytes. (science20.com)
In a new assessment of the work by Shapiro and colleagues, reproductive biologists Dori Woods, Evelyn Telfer and Jonathan Tilly conclude that the most plausible explanation for these findings is that progenitor germ cells in ovaries continue to divide throughout reproductive life, resulting in production of new oocytes with greater depth as animals age. (science20.com)

Nominal expression was also found in the following disease states: chondrosarcoma, germ cell tumors, non-neoplasia, and uterine tumors. (wikipedia.org)
Teratomas (from Greek teras, "monster," and - oma, a suffix denoting a tumor or neoplasm) and other germ cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively common solid neoplasms in children. (medscape.com)
These tumors are grouped together because they all appear to arise from postmeiotic germ cells. (medscape.com)
Normal migration of these germ cells may cause gonadal tumors, whereas abnormal migration produces extragonadal tumors. (medscape.com)
In 1965, Teilum first suggested the germ cell origin of gonadal tumors. (medscape.com)
Cancer cells often spread (or metastasize ) throughout the body by way of the bloodstream or lymphatic vessels to form tumors in new locations beyond the primary site of origin. (agemed.org)
In oncology, we have presented encouraging data updates for our individualized mRNA cancer vaccine candidate BNT122 in pancreatic cancer and our novel CAR-T cell therapy candidate BNT211 in solid tumors, leading to our first PRIME designation by EMA. (yahoo.com)

The mudpuppy is an aquatic salamander commonly used by embryologists because its large embryonic cells and nuclei are easy to see. (asu.edu)
Studies on male rodents suggested that chronic ACR exposure resulted in testicular cytotoxicity indicated by vacuolization, multiple nuclei formation, abnormal giant cell, atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

The main difference between somatic cells and germline cells is that gene edits made in germline cells are inheritable. (lewisu.edu)
Somatic cells are the "ordinary cells, such as those in specific organs in the eye" and when these cells are edited, the changes only affect the patient who is choosing to have these edits done (Gorvett). (lewisu.edu)

It also appears to be important to adult animals, as it has been implicated in the regulation of adult stem cells, while its malfunction is associated basal cell carcinoma. (wikipedia.org)
however, there are also stem cells in the adult body. (thefutureofthings.com)
These adult stem cells are considered multipotent, having the ability to differentiate into different cell types, albeit with a more limited repertoire than embryonic stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Adult stem cells can be used to replace damaged heart-muscle cells and are used in practice today . (thefutureofthings.com)
The most common application of adult stem cells is probably the restoration of blood cells for patients with leukemia, and there are many more applications currently in practice. (thefutureofthings.com)
Profoundly different patterns of potency and division are exhibited by mammalian embryonic and adult stem cells. (iospress.com)
Their larval and adult cells have narrow potencies, sometimes coupled to virtually unlimited … proliferation, and function in the growth, maintenance and regulation of body size. (iospress.com)
Larvae and adult pests feed mainly on generative organs of plants and damage buds, flowers and seeds during all phases of their development. (rudn.ru)
18] In artificial cloning, adult cells can be rejuvenated to embryonic status and then used to grow a new tissue or animal without ageing. (stevechase.org)

However, in 2004, experimental manipulation by Japanese researchers of a paternal methylation imprint controlling the Igf2 gene led to the birth of a mouse (named Kaguya) with two maternal sets of chromosomes, though it is not a true parthenogenone since cells from two different female mice were used. (wikipedia.org)
Throughout this paper I will detail the early career of Dr. Nusslein-Volhard and the ways in which her research helped to revolutionize the field of developmental biology as it pertains to embryonic development and gene analysis/function. (wepapers.com)
Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss the role of 3' regulatory regions in gene expression, and the superior potential that plant 3' regulatory regions have compared to NOS, OCS and 35S 3' regulatory regions. (frontiersin.org)
Polyadenylation is essential for the stability of the transcript, preventing the mRNA from being the target of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in plants ( Luo and Chen, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
To begin, gene editing is a technology that has been relatively new to working in human cells, and it can either be used in somatic cell editing or germline genome editing. (lewisu.edu)
Anytime the term "germline" gene editing is used, the editing of germ cells or embryonic cells is meant, and this also refers to inheritable edits. (lewisu.edu)
In a laboratory in southern China, donated sperm and egg cells were used to practice gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9, essentially to see if these sex cells could be successfully edited and if the edits could work in an embryonic cell. (lewisu.edu)

The later of these two functions causes an inhibitory effect during the development of embryonic cells in all bilaterians and vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
German biologist, Christiane Nusslein-Volhard is renowned for elucidation of the genetic control of embryonic development of fruit flies. (wepapers.com)
Hormones can be inadequate during or after each stage of development - embryonic and adolescent. (encyclopedia.com)
During cancer development, host's tumorigenesis and immune signals are released to and informed by circulating molecules, like cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and RNA (cfRNA) in blood. (diagenode.com)
Mammalian chimeras are valuable for studying early embryonic development. (asu.edu)
Yamanaka's Nobel Prize-winning research paved the way for similar in vitro development from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (wur.nl)
In a new study, researchers uncover how it is that germ cells in fruit flies form these ring canals, a finding that they say will provide new insights into a widely shared feature of development and into diseases in which cell division is disrupted. (sciencedaily.com)
And while their purpose is not fully understood, there is evidence that ring canals are important for cell development, the researchers say. (sciencedaily.com)
In addition to being an important step toward understanding the function and formation of ring canals, the researchers say, the new discovery may also yield insight into incomplete cell division that occurs in typical development across a variety of species and into diseases where incomplete cell division is implicated, such as colorectal cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and some immunodeficiency syndromes. (sciencedaily.com)
Mystification may have been introduced historically with the concepts of determinate and regulative development, but, hopefully, the muddle can be resolved by tracing the evolution of stem cells in Metazoa. (iospress.com)

Although these investigations were performed in mice, there is emerging evidence that oogonial stem cells are also present in the ovaries of reproductive-age women, and these cells possess the capacity, like their mouse counterparts, to generate new oocytes under certain experimental conditions. (science20.com)
Also, purslane exerted anti-fertility effect in female rats by disrupting ovulation and female fertility hormones [ 18 ], while it diminished aging alterations in female reproductive system in aged mice [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In rodents, and even in some preliminary trials in humans, human embryonic stem cells have been shown to bridge gaps in spinal cord injuries , allowing restoration of motor functions. (thefutureofthings.com)
The term refers mainly to humans, many other animals, and fungi, whereas for example, bacteria, perennial plants and some simple animals are potentially biologically immortal. (stevechase.org)
Even within humans and other mortal species, there are cells with the potential for immortality: cancer cells which have lost the ability to die when maintained in a cell culture such as the HeLa cell line,[17] and specific stem cells such as germ cells (producing ova and spermatozoa). (stevechase.org)

These cells can create an almost infinite repertoire through recombination and shuffling. (anthropogeny.org)
Known defense system repertoire of the bacterial cell wall. (shoshanawalter.com)

However, the barriers that impeded this model for broader use were lack of embryonic stem cell lines and the methodology of homologous recombination. (biomedcentral.com)

Cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo polarized growth and oriented cell division in a spatial pattern by selecting a specific bud site. (bvsalud.org)

Mammalian embryonic stem cells would seem adapted to rapid proliferation, functioning in part to enclose yolk or to acquire access to maternal resources. (iospress.com)

Hypogonadism is the condition in which the production of sex hormones and germ cells (sperm and eggs) is inadequate. (encyclopedia.com)
35 It is true that I am excluding here as elsewhere red blood cells which have no nucleus once released into the blood, and sperm or eggs with only 1,500,000,000 bases in them. (globalchange.com)
But across many species, germ cells, those that become eggs or sperm, don't fully separate. (sciencedaily.com)

The notion of a biological clock in women arises from the fact that immature egg cells- 'oocytes' - progressively decline in number as females get older, along with a decades-old view that oocytes cannot be renewed in mammals after birth. (science20.com)
A recent genetic study tracing the origins of oocytes from the embryonic period throughout adulthood and adds new information to a growing controversy. (science20.com)

Genetic modification has already been used to a certain extent in the world today in plants and foods, but genetically editing an unborn child is simply taking it a step too far. (lewisu.edu)
Sickle cell anemia is an example of an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. (genome.gov)

There are very primitive creatures that, when they divide, make colonies that are attached with persistent cellular bridges, much like what we see with germ cells," said Cooley. (sciencedaily.com)
The cellular products of embryonic stem cells routinely come under global influences and give rise to the cells of germ layers and organ rudiments. (iospress.com)
By 1952, the evidence of various forms of cytoplasmically inherited elements (CIEs) had grown, leading Joshua Lederberg to synthesise the inheritance of cellular organelles and symbionts into one framework in his treatise "Cell genetics and hereditary symbiosis" (Lederberg 1952 ). (nature.com)

Maybe this way of keeping sibling cells connected in a colony or cluster is the beginning of how multicellular evolution occurred, and maybe germ cells are a reflection of that. (sciencedaily.com)

The concept of mutation was coined by Hugo De Vries in 1901, whom worked with plants species of the genus Oenothera where he discovered some phenotypic hereditary characteristics that he coined as "mutations" and "mutants" to those individuals that have these phenotypic alterations. (intechopen.com)
We also provide details for detection of somatic and germ line transmitted mutations. (biomedcentral.com)

For example, in female fruit flies, ring canals are required to grow a functional oocyte, a developing egg cell," said Lynn Cooley, the C.N.H. Long Professor of Genetics at Yale School of Medicine and senior author of the new study. (sciencedaily.com)

The organs affected principally by sex hormones are the male and female genitals, both internal and external, and the female breasts. (encyclopedia.com)

The cells of the ICM are no longer omnipotent, because they no longer share the fate of the trophoblast, and they have committed themselves to an embryonic fate with the ability to become any cell in the body (but not the trophoblast). (thefutureofthings.com)
In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis -acting elements located mainly in the 3' untranslated region, determining the fate of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)

Going forward, the researchers aim to identify the mechanisms that drive germ cells to remain connected. (sciencedaily.com)
Cancer stem cells, instrumental in metastasis, would seem to ignore mechanisms normally functioning in the removal of excess cells. (iospress.com)

They tagged several ring canal proteins in fruit flies with florescent molecules and, using a microscope, observed what those proteins did over time in the germ cells of both males and females. (sciencedaily.com)

In mammals, it occurs in CpG dinucleotides, whereas in plants non-CpG cytosines can also be methylated [6]. (i-sis.org.uk)
In mammals, B-cells mature in the bone marrow. (anthropogeny.org)

Apoptosis Programmed Cell Death (PCD). (agemed.org)
Signals to trigger apoptosis may come from within the cell or from outside, by stimulating suicide receptors in the cell's external membrane. (agemed.org)
Administration of POS extract reversed the ACR-induced epididymides weight loss with improved semen quality and count, ameliorated the ACR-decreased testicular lesion scoring, testicular oxidative stress, testicular degeneration, Leydig cell apoptosis and the dysregulated PCNA and Caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
Programmed ageing should not be confused with programmed cell death (apoptosis). (stevechase.org)

Most heritable information in eukaryotic cells is encoded in the nuclear genome, with inheritance patterns following classic Mendelian segregation. (nature.com)

11] In contrast, many species can be considered potentially immortal: for example, bacteria fission to produce daughter cells, strawberry plants grow runners to produce clones of themselves, and animals in the genus Hydra have a regenerative ability by which they avoid dying of old age. (stevechase.org)

This means that the changes made in germline genome editing, because they can be passed on, have effects on a much larger scale than somatic cell editing. (lewisu.edu)
2012) Cell lineage analysis of the mammalian female germline. (science20.com)

The findings were published March 9 in Developmental Cell . (sciencedaily.com)
It can also be performed quickly and repeatedly to track how a cell responds to environmental changes or crucial developmental signals. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Autism is one of a group of related developmental conditions sometimes called the autism spectrum that affect people differently and to varying degrees. (genome.gov)

Cytosine modifications directly affect the positioning of nucleosomes (the first level of chromatin organization into chromosome involving the DNA chain wound around a core of 8 histone proteins), and recruit chromatin-modifying complexes that modify histones. (i-sis.org.uk)
Previously, researchers could only analyze two to three proteins and DNA sequences at a time, and were unable to see the true complexities of the interactions among proteins and DNA that occur in living cells. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
The clumping of cells due to the interaction of antibodies (or other proteins ) and specific molecules on the surface of cells. (anthropogeny.org)

It aims at the formation of a copy of the parent DNA molecule for the daughter cell. (online-sciences.com)

In addition, the ACR-induced reproductive toxicity is associated with a dramatic reduction in testosterone level due to disruption of the Leydig cells steroidogenic pathway [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

M phase), each daughter cell receives one of the two identical DNA molecules. (online-sciences.com)
The midbody is a structure that forms during cell division and one of its roles is to recruit the molecules needed to sever cells at the end of the process. (sciencedaily.com)
A glycoprotein formed by immune cells ( B-cells ) that specifically recognize certain molecules ( antigens ) to neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses . (anthropogeny.org)
Immunoglobulin molecules that form a receptor protein on the outer surface of B-cells . (anthropogeny.org)

However, in earlier studies, clonal analysis was restricted by the lack of a cell marker, present at all times, that makes a distinction between the two parental cell types in situ. (asu.edu)

These cells are considered pluripotent . (thefutureofthings.com)

The maintenance phase often involves a plethora of non-DNA sequence specific chromatin cofactors that set up and maintain chromatin states through cell division and for extended periods of time-sometimes in the absence of the initial transcription factors 3 . (nature.com)

Republican National Committee Normal human cells however die after about 50 cell divisions in laboratory culture (the Hayflick Limit, discovered by Leonard Hayflick in 1961). (stevechase.org)

Are stem cells to become the future silver bullet of medical practice? (thefutureofthings.com)

As the embryonic cells divide and the daughter cells differentiate, they become increasingly specific. (thefutureofthings.com)

Other microbial symbionts are less integrated, present more diffusely in the host and invade the germ line to gain vertical transmission. (nature.com)

DNA replication occurs in the nucleus during the synthetic (S) phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle . (online-sciences.com)
Wu then performed immunoprecipitation experiments, which use antibodies to identify protein interactions in the cell nucleus. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

Hence, bottom-up in vitro cell-free assays are well suited to dissect the roles and behavior of septins in a controlled environment. (bvsalud.org)
2000. Results of the L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay and the Balb/3T3 cell in vitro transformation assay for eight phthalate esters. (cdc.gov)

This study explored the value of the detection of serum methylated septin 9 (mSEPT9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the auxiliary diagnosis, curative effect evaluation, and follow-up monitoring of colorectal cancer (CRC). (bvsalud.org)

The cell cycle, its rotation of phases beginning and ending with cell division, focused on further growth and DNA replication periods. (dissertationteam.com)
The pictures were provided by Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, China. (chinaagrisci.com)
The leading at the rear of the growth depends on FMT's capacity to hinder your laccase catalytic effect occurring inside the presence of phenolic substrates. (mmp-signal.com)
1987. Growth and aggregation behavior of representative phytoplankton as affected by the environmental contaminant di-n-butyl phthalate. (cdc.gov)

Likewise, strategies for the containment of cancer might be based on promoting normal pathways of cell loss, the basal mode for handling excess cells. (iospress.com)
The mechanistic data for all types of can be used to identify and organize fects (e.g. is able to induce genotox- ionizing radiation ( IARC, 2012f) are mechanistic information related to icity or affect similar pathways), but particularly informative with regard to cancer induction. (who.int)

In the study, the researchers found that an unusually large midbody formed in fruit fly germ cells, stuck around for about 20 to 30 minutes, and then, instead of initiating full separation, underwent dramatic remodeling from a sphere into a ring. (sciencedaily.com)
It will quite effectively cater to the needs of molecular biologists, molecular geneticists, cell and molecular biologists, animal, plant, and crop geneticists, synthetic biologists, biotechnologists, and researchers involved with the fields of stem cell and molecular aspects of cancer research. (caister.com)

The blood group system particular to primates that denotes the presence or absence of A,B, and O antigens on erythrocytes (red blood cells). (anthropogeny.org)
The tips of the "Y" can recognize specific antigens and lead to a successful immune response, while the bottom of the "y" regulates immune cell responses. (anthropogeny.org)
BCRs also control B-cell activation by biochemical signaling and by physical acquisition of antigens from immune synapses with antigen-presenting cells. (anthropogeny.org)
Additionally, B-cells present antigens and secrete cytokines . (anthropogeny.org)

HN - 2008 BX - Von Ebner's Glands MH - Cumulus Cells UI - D054885 MN - A05.360.319.114.630.535.200.500 MN - A06.407.312.497.535.300.500 MN - A11.436.300.500 MS - The granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus which surround the OVUM in the GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE. (bvsalud.org)

While regarded by many top scientists as the Holy Grail of medicine, others consider embryonic stem-cell research sacrilegious. (thefutureofthings.com)
Recent advances in the field of stem-cell research are giving hope to millions. (thefutureofthings.com)
A particular field encouraged by the foundation is stem-cell research, with the great hope that it will result in the ability to get cells to differentiate into neurons and support cells to bridge the gap of a spinal cord injury. (thefutureofthings.com)

Kallman's syndrome (KS) is the most frequent cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and affects approximately one in 10,000 males and one in 50,000 females. (encyclopedia.com)

check also tag CHILD or specific HN - 2008 FX - Adolescent Nutrition FX - Infant Nutrition DH - Maternal Nutrition DI - 052505 MN - SP6.021.072 MS - Nutrition of a mother which affects the health of the INFANT as well as herself. (bvsalud.org)

DNA replication begins at specific locations of replication in the cell , and it produces two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule . (online-sciences.com)
BCRs allow the B-cell to bind to a specific antigen , against which it will initiate an antibody response. (anthropogeny.org)
In fact they are able to confer specific health effects to the diet, beyond the simple nutritional value.To allow this, functional foods are enriched with particular beneficial substances (such as vitamins, minerals, bioactive peptides, plant extracts, etc.) useful to achieve the intended purpose. (wabluspets.com)
MRLs are derived when reliable and sufficient data exist to identify the target organ(s) of effect or the most sensitive health effect(s) for a specific duration within a given route of exposure. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy37

Organisms13

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Embryos7

Differentiation8

Tissues7

Primordial germ2

Mitotic4

Organism7

Organisms4

Epigenetic3

Embryo6

Genes12

Endoderm2

Progenitor4

Tumors7

Nuclei2

Somatic cells2

Adult9

Gene8

Development10

Mice2

Humans3

Repertoire2

Homologous recombination1

Undergo1

Proliferation1

Eggs3

Oocytes2

Genetic2

Cellular3

Multicellular1

Mutations2

Genetics1

Organs1

Fate2

Mechanisms2

Fruit flies1

Mammals2

Apoptosis4

Eukaryotic cells1

Species1

Germline2

Developmental3

Proteins3

Formation1

Reproductive1

Molecules4

Clonal1

Pluripotent1

Initial1

Divisions1

Practice1

Divide1

Line1

Nucleus2

Vitro2

Colorectal1

Growth4

Pathways2

Researchers2

Antigens4

Ovum1

Stem-cell res3

Males1

Maternal1

Specific4