Adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Among low-income pregnant and parenting women, health education is widely recognized as a way to improve maternal and infant health outcomes, but the efficacy of written health education materials to change knowledge and behavior for this population is questionable. (amegroups.org)
Working with colleagues in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nepal, South Africa, and India, among other countries, she develops novel measures of health system quality and studies the links between quality and population demand for health care, health outcomes, and confidence in the system. (harvard.edu)
Hirth JM , Gonzalez SJ , Zoorob R . The Social Context: Social and behavioral factors that affect health outcomes . (bcm.edu)
The agency points out that it is unknown whether routine screening will affect health outcomes, and decisions may be informed by epidemiology. (genomeweb.com)

Pregnancy increases vulnerability to TB disease while maternal TB increases the risk of infant death, prematurity and low birth weight. (aidsmap.com)
Elevated levels of maternal cortisol have been hypothesized as the intermediate process between symptoms of depression and psychosocial stress during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. (researchsquare.com)
We did not observe any associations between maternal cortisol levels and preterm birth and low birth weight. (researchsquare.com)
The results of this study showed no suggestions of associations between maternal awakening cortisol levels in mid-pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, except for an increased risk of SGA. (researchsquare.com)
Previous research linked maternal psychosocial problems with increased risks of these birth outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood yet [5]. (researchsquare.com)
Throughout pregnancy, maternal cortisol levels increase twofold, and cortisol crosses the placenta, accounting for 30-40% of the variability in fetal concentrations [10]. (researchsquare.com)
Several biological mechanisms have been proposed for linking elevated maternal cortisol levels to infant birth weight. (researchsquare.com)
The results of previous studies on the associations between elevated maternal cortisol, fetal growth, and gestational age at birth were inconsistent [7, 20-23]. (researchsquare.com)
The purpose of this study was to determine if maternal exposures to contaminants in drinking water at Camp Lejeune were associated with preterm birth and fetal growth retardation. (cdc.gov)
Maternal prepregnancy hemoglobin concentration has rarely been explored as a risk of poor birth outcomes. (nature.com)
Garn SM, Ridella SA, Petzold AS, Falkner F . Maternal hematologic levels and pregnancy outcomes. (nature.com)
Steer P, Alam MA, Wadsworth J, Welch A . Relation between maternal haemoglobin concentration and birth weight in different ethnic groups. (nature.com)
At a population level, the proportion of infants with a low birth weight is an indicator of a multifaceted public health problem that includes long-term maternal malnutrition, ill-health and poor health care in pregnancy. (who.int)
Feto-maternal nutrition and low birth weight. (who.int)
This is a part of a prospective cohort study among pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria (Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study (IbPCS), which investigated the associations between maternal obesity, lifestyle characteristics and perinatal outcomes in Ibadan. (springer.com)
Eligibility criteria For maternal outcomes, we considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tenofovir-based regimens with those with alternative nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). (bmj.com)
Results Ten studies (seven RCTs) met the inclusion criteria for maternal and child outcomes, and an additional 33 studies (12 RCTs) met the inclusion criteria for HBV-specific outcomes. (bmj.com)
There was no apparent difference between tenofovir-based regimens and alternatives in maternal outcomes, including serious laboratory adverse events (low certainty) and serious clinical adverse events (moderate certainty). (bmj.com)
This study in Egypt investigated the influence of selected maternal factors on neonatal birth size. (who.int)
Maternal weight and height, food frequency intake during pregnancy and haemoglobin levels were recorded for 594, 234 and 246 of the mothers respectively. (who.int)
A significant positive correlation between maternal anthropometric variables with neonatal birth dimensions was observed and the effect was more evident in girls than boys for BMI and head circumference. (who.int)
Statistically significant negative correlations were found between maternal haemoglobin levels and birth size. (who.int)
Birth size was strongly correlated with maternal consumption of micronutrient-rich food at all stages of gestation. (who.int)
Maternal anxiety during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. (bvsalud.org)

Pre- pregnancy BMI was not associated with preterm birth . (bvsalud.org)
Exposure to PCE in the womb was associated with preterm birth (before 37 weeks of pregnancy). (cdc.gov)
However, one of its active ingredients, caffeine, has been associated with preterm birth and low birthweight. (ox.ac.uk)

and 4) reduce the disparities in adverse pregnancy outcomes. (cdc.gov)
Race, Racism, and Racial Disparities in Adverse Birth Outcom. (lww.com)

Air pollution can negatively affect pregnancy, possibly leading to preterm birth, a low birth weight, stillbirth, or congenital abnormalities. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The study enrolled 1215 women with HIV in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. (aidsmap.com)
Sikethiwe Masuku of the South African Medical Research Council said that the findings suggest that IPT can be safely used during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. (aidsmap.com)
Therefore, we examined associations between cortisol levels in the second trimester of pregnancy and risks of three common birth outcomes in a nested case-control study. (researchsquare.com)
These include different sampling approaches (in blood, saliva, or hair) and variations in timing of sample collection (i.e. trimester of pregnancy) and time of day at sampling. (researchsquare.com)
For PCE and preterm birth, the strongest association was seen for exposures during the 2nd trimester (4th to 6th months). (cdc.gov)
Increase in reported prevalence of microcephaly in infants born to women living in areas with confirmed Zika virus transmission during the first trimester of pregnancy-Brazil, 2015. (cdc.gov)
Tea consumption (type, frequency, and strength) during their first trimester and social and demographic factors were obtained by way of questionnaires administered during pregnancy. (ox.ac.uk)
Hämäläinen H, Hakkarainen K, Heinonen S . Anaemia in the first but not in the second or third trimester is a risk factor for low birth weight. (nature.com)
The risk was highest during the third trimester of pregnancy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A study of birth outcomes in Allegheny County, PA, found that exposure to air pollution in the first trimester increased the risk of preeclampsia and high blood pressure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Using satellite data, researchers calculated weeks of prenatal exposure - including the pre-pregnancy trimester - to each kind of rainfall variability and compared that to birth weight and pregnancy duration. (news-medical.net)
The remaining five studies showed no association, measuring exposures during the whole pregnancy, by trimester, or by month of birth. (contemporaryobgyn.net)

Background: Lower socioeconomic status (SES) and psychosocial stress during pregnancy have been associated with adverse birth outcomes. (cdc.gov)
Psychosocial stress during pregnancy, as indicated by self-reported questionnaire measures, was not associated with biomarkers of oxidative stress in the PROTECT study. (cdc.gov)

Pregnant women with HIV who took isoniazid to prevent tuberculosis were more likely to have a live birth and less likely to experience a miscarriage, South African researchers reported this week at the Union World Conference On Lung Health. (aidsmap.com)
The two studies provide reassuring evidence that isoniazid preventive treatment does not result in a higher rate of adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women. (aidsmap.com)
However, the trials of IPT in people with HIV that informed World Health Organization guidance excluded pregnant women and the evidence base for the use of IPT in pregnancy is limited. (aidsmap.com)
Gathering further data on adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women with HIV exposed to IPT is therefore a priority for informing decisions about the use of IPT in pregnancy. (aidsmap.com)
The South African Medical Research Council carried out a prospective analysis of pregnant women with HIV enrolled in three provinces during 2019, to assess the impact of IPT exposure on birth outcomes. (aidsmap.com)
05). CONCLUSIONS: We did not identify a consistent association between frequency of tea consumption or tea strength and adverse birth outcomes among Chinese pregnant women with low tea consumption. (ox.ac.uk)
At this point, because of what we know about other respiratory infections and given the paucity of data related to COVID-19 and pregnancy, pregnant women should be considered an at-risk population for strategies focusing on prevention and management of COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
INTRODUCTION: Psychiatric disorders are common during pregnancy, affecting up to 16% of pregnant women. (lu.se)
ECT-related outcomes in pregnant women were compared by. (lu.se)
ECT-related outcomes in pregnant women were compared by propensity score matching with a group of non-pregnant women who also received ECT. (lu.se)
Pregnancy-related outcomes were compared with two additional control groups: one consisting of the same group of women who did not receive ECT during another pregnancy and the other composed of pregnant women admitted to inpatient psychiatric care but who did not receive ECT, matched based on propensity score. (lu.se)
RESULTS: Ninety-five pregnant women received ECT during the study period, accounting for 97 pregnancies. (lu.se)
By contrast, no significant differences were observed when women in the pregnant ECT group were compared with the same group lacking ECT during another pregnancy. (lu.se)
1 Pregnant people and infants may be particularly susceptible to COVID-19 because the physiologic changes of pregnancy involve cardiorespiratory and immune systems, which may result in an altered response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy. (cmaj.ca)
3 The nature of the association between COVID-19 and pregnancy outcomes remains unclear, and meta-analyses involving patients with COVID-19 who are pregnant are limited. (cmaj.ca)
The study, which is the largest retrospective state-based study of its kind, looked at data for 878,546 pregnant women aged 16-46 years who gave birth to a single infant in the state of North Carolina between 2001 and 2008. (sciencedaily.com)
They found that compared to women who were not involved in an auto accident, pregnant drivers had elevated rates of preterm birth, placental abruption, and premature rupture of the membranes after a single crash. (sciencedaily.com)
Following a second or subsequent crash, investigators found pregnant women had more highly elevated rates of preterm birth, placental abruption, premature rupture of the membranes and stillbirth. (sciencedaily.com)
Clinicians should be aware of these effects and should advise pregnant women about the risk of being in a crash and the long-term consequences that crashes can have on their pregnancies," concludes Dr. Vladutiu. (sciencedaily.com)
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of pregnant people ages 15-49 years with singleton pregnancies ending in live birth who were members of 8 Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) sites during October 2016-September 2018. (healthpartners.com)
Multigravida women and women in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy were more vulnerable than other pregnant women. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, pregnant women have to give birth during the COVID-19 pandemic. (frontiersin.org)
Meeting the mental health needs of pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic is a growing concern and a serious issue because a large body of robust evidence suggests that prenatal and postnatal mental disorders induce severe adverse influences on mothers, fetuses, and children. (frontiersin.org)
Because all these complications result from preventable behaviour, the WHO and several regulatory bodies have stated that no amount of alcohol is safe in pregnancy, and pregnant women or women intending to get pregnant should abstain from alcohol [ 2 , 6 , 8 ]. (springer.com)
130/16540 (1) a Listed are data for infants or fetuses born to pregnant women who had laboratory confirmation of Zika virus disease (ZVD) and for whom a pregnancy outcome was available. (cdc.gov)

Between 25% to 30% of all CVEs occurred in the postpartum period, highlighting the importance of close monitoring of cardiovascular risks and events in women with ARDs or APS both during pregnancy and postpartum, Dhital noted. (medscape.com)
Recognizing these risks "can sometimes be challenging due to a lower suspicion of CVE in younger patients, and also symptoms overlap with normal pregnancy," Dhital said during her plenary presentation. (medscape.com)
High and low hemoglobin levels during pregnancy: differential risks for preterm birth and small for gestational age. (nature.com)
Nevertheless, the risks of premature birth and of a slightly poorer condition in newborns were higher in women who did than did not receive ECT, emphasizing the need for increased attention to severe psychiatric disorders during pregnancy. (lu.se)
COVID-19 may be associated with increased risks of preeclampsia, preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. (cmaj.ca)
Increasing climatic variability in Amazonia is concerning, in part because subsequent disadvantages associated with low birth weight include in lower educational attainment, poorer health, reduced income in adulthood, and mortality-risks. (news-medical.net)

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Tdap vaccine exposure during pregnancy was not associated with chorioamnionitis, preterm birth, or adverse infant outcomes. (healthpartners.com)

Relation of hemoglobin measured at different times in pregnancy to preterm birth and low birth weight in Shanghai, China. (nature.com)

Methods: Oversampling on fertility treatment exposure using vital records, the Upstate KIDS Study followed 2057 children (of 1754 mothers) from birth to 11 years. (researchgate.net)

Relationship between Zika virus infection and expected related APOs per 1,000 pregnancies in Brazil during April 2015-July 2017. (cdc.gov)

Adverse birth outcomes among women with 'low-risk' pregnancies in India: findings from the Fifth National Family Health Survey, 2019-21. (harvard.edu)
We searched for eligible studies in MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov , medRxiv and Cochrane databases up to Jan. 29, 2021, using Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords for "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR coronavirus disease 2019 OR COVID-19" AND "pregnancy. (cmaj.ca)
2019 ( https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/UNICEF-WHOlowbirthweight-estimates-2019/en/ ). (who.int)

Another large retrospective study carried out in Kenya found no difference in the risk of premature birth or other adverse birth outcomes between women who started isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) during pregnancy and those who didn't. (aidsmap.com)
Researchers from Lancaster University and the FIOCRUZ health research institute in Brazil found babies born to mothers exposed to extreme rainfall shocks, were smaller due to restricted fetal growth and premature birth. (news-medical.net)
related stress and anxiety can contribute to premature birth and impair normal childhood development. (news-medical.net)

Queensland, Western Australia, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) supplied antenatal mental health and family violence screening data for both the 2020 and 2021 birth cohorts. (aihw.gov.au)
2021) Rainfall variability and adverse birth outcomes in Amazonia. (news-medical.net)

Patients who experienced CVEs were also more likely to experience preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). (medscape.com)

Common adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and small-for-gestational age (SGA), are associated with neonatal mortality and long-term health problems, including neurodevelopmental impairments, respiratory and gastrointestinal complications, and higher sympathetic activity, which is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease [1-4]. (researchsquare.com)
Information on birth outcomes and complications during pregnancy was obtained from hospital medical records. (ox.ac.uk)
Study question: Do women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a greater risk of adverse pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, cesarean section, placental abnormalities) and neonatal outcomes (preterm birth, small for gestational age, prolonged delivery hospitalization) compared to women without a PCOS diagnosis and doe. (researchgate.net)
Pregnancy complications. (healthline.com)
Exposure to air pollution correlates with a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications in the parent. (medicalnewstoday.com)
These complications can harm the parent and the baby, and this may necessitate an early birth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
These births occurred before 37 weeks of pregnancy when incomplete development heightens risk of various neurodevelopmental, gastrointestinal and respiratory complications, and even death. (sciencedaily.com)
The most burdensome of its complications is the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), a cluster of lifelong medical conditions of varying severity caused by feotal exposure to alcohol during pregnancy [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. (springer.com)
The long-term complications of alcohol consumption during pregnancy include mental illness, academic failure, and behavioural disorders, including substance abuse which places a considerable burden on the family, health care, educational and judicial systems [ 7 ]. (springer.com)

The chronic stress of racism and the social inequality it engenders may be underlying social determinants of persistent racial disparities in health, including infant mortality, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. (lww.com)
The contribution of low birth weight to infant mortality and childhood morbidity. (nature.com)
Vaginal infections are associated with a substantial negative impact on day-to-day functioning and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery, low birth weight, and increased infant mortality in addition to predisposition to HIV/AIDS. (biospace.com)

Perceived stress, depression, negative life experiences, neighborhood perceptions, and social support were self-reported in questionnaires administered during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)

Our primary outcomes were preeclampsia and preterm birth. (cmaj.ca)
Compared with no SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy, COVID-19 was associated with preeclampsia (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.73), preterm birth (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.39) and stillbirth (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.90). (cmaj.ca)
Compared with mild COVID-19, severe COVID-19 was strongly associated with preeclampsia (OR 4.16, 95% CI 1.55 to 11.15), preterm birth (OR 4.29, 95% CI 2.41 to 7.63), gestational diabetes (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.64) and low birth weight (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.12). (cmaj.ca)
Preeclampsia occurs in 5 to 8 percent of all pregnancies. (healthline.com)

However, cannabis-exposed infants are not at greater risk of birth defects or death within one year, including sudden unexpected infant death. (press-news.org)
Birth defects among fetuses and infants of US women with evidence of possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Likewise, uterine defects, including an abnormal shape, may also cause the sudden end of a pregnancy. (healthline.com)
Birth defects. (healthline.com)
They are also the leading causes of preventable congenital and birth defects in western countries [ 7 ]. (springer.com)
Its manifestation includes the following: learning and cognitive disability, speech and language deficits, birth defects such as abnormal facial features, microcephaly and developmental disorders, among others [ 8 ]. (springer.com)
e Included in this category are live births of infants without brain or eye defects with the exclusion of multiple births. (cdc.gov)

ATLANTA-- A study by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry suggests that adverse birth outcomes might be associated with women's exposure during pregnancy to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and benzene in drinking water at the Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base. (cdc.gov)
Alcohol consumption and tobacco exposure during pregnancy are hazardous behaviours which are increasing significantly in low and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa. (springer.com)
95% CI: 4.93, 34.03) of tobacco exposure during pregnancy in our study population. (springer.com)

Previous research has indicated that THC, the main psychoactive component in cannabis, can cross the placenta to the foetus during pregnancy and bind to receptors in the foetal brain. (quicknews.co.za)
Objective: To identify independent risk factors for placenta accreta spectrum among pregnancies conceived with assisted reproductive technology. (researchgate.net)
Objective To define specific risk factors for placenta previa in pregnancies conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART). (researchgate.net)
If the fetus and placenta are not compatible, the pregnancy may be lost. (healthline.com)
An infection in the placenta or in the fetus can cause the end of the pregnancy. (healthline.com)

Outcomes of interest in this study were preterm birth and fetal growth retardation. (cdc.gov)
Fetal growth retardation was measured by reduced mean birth weight (MBW), term low birth weight (TLBW), and small for gestational age (SGA). (cdc.gov)
We investigated whether tea consumption during early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and abnormal fetal growth. (ox.ac.uk)
Our findings suggest that occasional tea drinking during pregnancy is not associated with increased risk of preterm birth or abnormal fetal growth. (ox.ac.uk)

These findings also apply to women who gave birth before 1968 if they were exposed to similar levels of VOCs-contaminated drinking water. (cdc.gov)
Given the high overall number of annual births in China, our findings have important public health significance. (ox.ac.uk)
This study corroborates findings in the health literacy literature that women most at risk for adverse birth outcomes need additional face-to-face support with mHealth applications. (amegroups.org)
The findings also support the results of other studies, which have established a link between pollution exposure and low birth weight and preterm labor. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Low birth-weight has life-long consequences for health and development and researchers say their findings are evidence of climate extremes causing intergenerational disadvantage, especially for socially-marginalized Amazonians in forgotten places. (news-medical.net)

The team focused on all the live births over an 11-year period in 43 highly river-dependent municipalities in Amazonas State, Brazil. (news-medical.net)
d This category includes both pregnancy losses and live births. (cdc.gov)

The study included live singleton births 28-47 weeks gestation weighing 500 grams or more. (cdc.gov)

Reactions or Systemic Adverse Events within 7 Days after Administration of vaccine exposure. (who.int)
Reactions or Systemic Adverse Events within 7 Days after Administration of a new antigenic variant of the same type or subtype. (who.int)

The IMPAACT P1078 TB APPRISE randomised study found that women who started IPT during pregnancy experienced a higher rate of adverse birth outcomes (including stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, low birth weight in an infant, preterm delivery, or congenital anomalies in an infant). (aidsmap.com)
Press-News.org) Infants prenatally exposed to cannabis are more likely to be born preterm, have a low birth weight, and require neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care than infants without prenatal cannabis exposure, according to a study published today in the scientific journal Addiction. (press-news.org)
Our study adds to that knowledge by showing that prenatal exposure to cannabis heightens the risk of several adverse birth outcomes. (press-news.org)
While there has been little research on cannabis use during pregnancy since cannabis was legalised in Canada five years ago, an American study has indicated an increase in cannabis use during pregnancy in states where it has been legalised and the perceived risk of harm from cannabis has decreased. (quicknews.co.za)
The study states that overall cannabis use in pregnancy has doubled in the past 20 years, with approximately 10% of pregnancies associated with cannabis exposure. (quicknews.co.za)
The authors cross referenced birth certificate data for Onslow County, NC, where Camp Lejeune is located, with Camp Lejeune housing records and identified 11,896 births that met the study criteria. (cdc.gov)
Using data from the Study of Outcomes in Mothers and Infants (SOMI) database, an administrative population-based birth cohort in California, they identified more than 7 million individuals, 19,340 with ARDs and 7758 with APS. (medscape.com)
This study examined whether women with anemia before pregnancy would be at higher risk of preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth. (nature.com)
Urinary concentrations of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a (8-iso-PGF2a) and its primary metabolite were measured at three study visits (median 18, 24, 28 weeks gestation) and averaged to reflect oxidative stress across pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Using vital records and crash reports, investigators were able to study the association among car crashes, vehicle safety features, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. (sciencedaily.com)
While previous studies had only looked at the link between one crash and adverse pregnancy outcomes, this new study also looked at women who had been involved in multiple motor vehicle collisions during their pregnancies. (sciencedaily.com)
While this new study offers greater insight than existing reports, more population-based studies are necessary to increase understanding of the effect of multiple crashes, seatbelts, and airbags on pregnancy outcomes. (sciencedaily.com)
This study highlights the importance of crashes during pregnancy and their possible adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. (sciencedaily.com)
Exposure to wildfire smoke during pregnancy increases the risk that a baby will be born too early, a new Stanford University study suggests. (sciencedaily.com)
The study, published Aug. 14 in Environmental Research , finds there may have been as many as 7,000 extra preterm births in California attributable to wildfire smoke exposure between 2007 and 2012. (sciencedaily.com)
The importance of this association is unclear as additional study has not demonstrated increased adverse infant outcomes associated with Tdap vaccination in pregnancy. (healthpartners.com)
Contemporary OB/GYN will feature a video panel discussion with expert commentary from Dr. Bruce Bekkar and Dr. Nate DeNicola, two of the authors of this study on climate change and pregnancy outcomes. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
In a recent safety communication, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advised caution in the prescribing of oral fluconazole for yeast infections during pregnancy based on a published study concluding there is an increased risk of miscarriage. (biospace.com)

Chlamydia prevention and control programs are a high priority because of their potential impact on prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease and its sequelae, e.g., infertility and ectopic pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Ectopic pregnancy. (healthline.com)
Ectopic pregnancies cannot be saved and are a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment. (healthline.com)

Secondary outcomes included stillbirth, gestational diabetes and other pregnancy outcomes. (cmaj.ca)

With important new evidence accumulating, there is the need to update the previous estimates and assess evidence on other clinically important outcomes such as spontaneous abortion and Apgar score. (vitamindwiki.com)
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the quality and strength of the available evidence on the relations between vitamin D nutritional status, and pregnancy and birth outcomes. (vitamindwiki.com)
There is a growing body of scientific evidence that suggests the potential implication of periodontitis in the causation and progression of various systemic disease and conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes and cancer. (intechopen.com)
The systematic review, published in JAMA Network Open , evaluated existing evidence on the association between air pollution and heat on preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and stillbirth across the United States. (contemporaryobgyn.net)

Three previous reviews on the association of vitamin D insufficiency in pregnancy with preterm birth (PTB) and stillbirth were limited in scope and deemed inconclusive. (vitamindwiki.com)
At this late stage of a pregnancy, a miscarriage is more commonly called stillbirth . (healthline.com)
Investigators focused on four pregnancy outcomes: preterm birth, placental abruption, premature rupture of the membranes, and stillbirth. (sciencedaily.com)
Stillbirth refers to the death of the baby late in pregnancy, after 20 weeks . (medicalnewstoday.com)
The authors also found that women with medical conditions, such as asthma, may be particularly susceptible to adverse outcomes, such as PTB and stillbirth, when exposed to PM 2/5 during gestation. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
Bekkar B, Pacheco S, Basu R, DeNicola N. Association of Air Pollution and Heat Exposure With Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Stillbirth in the US: A Systematic Review. (contemporaryobgyn.net)

Factors may include poorly developed uterine placental spiral arterioles (which decrease uteroplacental blood flow during late pregnancy), a genetic abnormality, immunologic abnormalities, and placental ischemia or infarction. (merckmanuals.com)

However, data on low birth weight in developing countries is often limited because a significant portion of deliveries occur in homes or small health facilities, where cases of infants with low birth weight often go unreported. (who.int)

While congenital syphilis cases are relatively rare outcomes, they remain an important sentinel indicator of low prenatal care utilization in populations of women who also face extreme poverty, illicit drug use, lack of access to health care, and poor education. (cdc.gov)
Prenatal and postnatal mental disorders can exert severe adverse influences on mothers, fetuses, and children. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, the transgenerational effect of prenatal alcohol exposure has been reported with each episode of drinking during pregnancy exposing three generations, i.e. mother, fetus and fetal germline, to its hazardous effects [ 13 ]. (springer.com)

Eighteen of the studies measured the risk of low birth weight. (press-news.org)
In these, the combined results show that mothers using cannabis during pregnancy were more than twice as likely to have a low-birth-weight baby compared with mothers not using cannabis during pregnancy. (press-news.org)
Cortisol could also affect birth weight by stimulating the production and release of placental corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), leading to shortened gestation [18]. (researchsquare.com)
A meta-analysis of studies published over the past 40 years on cannabis use during pregnancy has found an association between foetal exposure to cannabis in the womb and preterm delivery, low birth weight and the need for neonatal intensive care admission (NICU). (quicknews.co.za)
SGA births were defined as births weighing less than the 10th percentiles using sex- and race-specific weight by gestational week norms. (cdc.gov)
Preterm labor increases the risk of other problems, such as low birth weight, underdeveloped lungs in the baby, and death of the baby during or shortly after birth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Low birth weight is a risk factor for developmental delays, numerous health issues, and death after birth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
One 2013 analysis of 14 population-level studies found that a higher prevalence of certain pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide, correlated with a higher risk of low birth weight. (medicalnewstoday.com)
This does not prove that pollution causes low birth weight, but it does establish a potential connection between the two. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Low birth weight is included as a primary outcome indicator in the core set of indicators for the Global nutrition monitoring framework . (who.int)
Low birth weight is caused by intrauterine growth restriction, prematurity or both. (who.int)
Low birth weight infants are about 20 times more likely to die than heavier infants. (who.int)
Low birth weight is more common in developing than developed countries. (who.int)
These cases are not reflected in official figures and may lead to a significant underestimation of the prevalence of low birth weight. (who.int)
Global nutrition targets 2025: low birth weight policy brief. (who.int)
Alcohol during pregnancy has many detrimental effects, including adverse birth outcomes such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for age [ 5 , 6 ]. (springer.com)
For these 291,479 births they analysed how birth-weight, foetal growth and pregnancy duration were affected by local rainfall variability during pregnancy. (news-medical.net)
Extremely intense rainfall in Amazonia was associated with severely reduced mean birth-weight due to pre-term birth or restricted growth - average birth-weight reduction was nearly 200 grams. (news-medical.net)
We used publicly available data on birth records to go 'back in time' to look at the relationship between climate extremes and birth weight. (news-medical.net)
Neonatal birth weight, length and head circumferences were measured. (who.int)
Passive smoking significantly affected birth weight and BMI of girls more than boys. (who.int)
The University of North Carolina identified it as a significant risk factor for preterm labour, premature rupture of membranes, small-for-gestational-age (babies who are smaller than expected even for premature babies) and low birth weight babies. (elixirnews.com)
Additional research at Tulane University in New Orleans in three clinical trial studies determined that the treatment of the gum condition led to a 57% reduction of preterm low birth weight and more significantly a 50% reduction in preterm births. (elixirnews.com)
Some studies consider periodontitis as an independent risk factor for preterm birth, growth restriction, low birth-weight and pre-eclampsia. (intechopen.com)

It is thought that uncontrolled severe periodontal disease has an adverse effect on sugar levels and that anyone with a family history of diabetes is advised to take a blood test. (elixirnews.com)

Birth, Cognitive, and Behavioral Effects of Intrauterine Cannabis Exposure in Infants and Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (press-news.org)
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies with comparison data on SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of COVID-19 during pregnancy. (cmaj.ca)
A recent systematic review found that climate change-related exacerbation of the two exposures may be having an adverse effect on obstetric outcomes. (contemporaryobgyn.net)

Is pregnancy a risk factor for severe illness? (cdc.gov)
There were no pre-term births or severe adverse outcomes related to the pregnancy, that were close in time to ECT. (lu.se)
We aimed to evaluate the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes. (cmaj.ca)

INTRODUCTION: An increased risk of chorioamnionitis in people receiving tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine during pregnancy has been reported. (healthpartners.com)

In these, the combined results show that mothers using cannabis were over one and a half times more likely to have a preterm delivery compared with mothers not using cannabis during pregnancy. (press-news.org)
While none of the studies found a direct causal relationship between cannabis use during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, the combined results indicated that newborns exposed to cannabis during pregnancy were twice as likely to require NICU admission, twice as likely to have a low birth rate and one and a half times more likely to be born early. (quicknews.co.za)

For child outcomes, we included RCTs and comparative observational studies of tenofovir-based regimens versus alternative NRTIs regimens or, for HBV, placebo. (bmj.com)

Numerous studies have demonstrated that assisted reproductive technology (ART: defined here as including only in vitro fertilization and related technologies) is associated with increased adverse pregnancy, neonatal, and childhood developmental outcomes, even in singletons. (researchgate.net)

In this urban African setting of high HIV prevalence , pre- pregnancy obesity was common and did not vary by HIV status. (bvsalud.org)

improve the health of women and couples, before conception of a first or subsequent pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
red lines indicate expected number of births with Zika-associated APO in subsequent weeks based on the 2 risk distributions in panel A. Shaded regions indicate 95% CIs. (cdc.gov)
The majority of SAEs occurred after c adverse events listed below reflect experience in both children and adults and include those a causal relation of GBS with subsequent vaccines prepared from other influenza viruses is unclear. (who.int)
The risk was highest during a subsequent pregnancy. (medicalnewstoday.com)

We tested the acceptability and feasibility of the interactive application among women during the reproductive stages of early and late pregnancy, postpartum, and interconception. (amegroups.org)
Women in the postpartum phase had the highest response rate to particular text messages, followed by those in the pregnancy phase. (amegroups.org)
The pregnancy and the postpartum periods involve several drastic changes at the social, biological, and psychological levels in future mothers. (frontiersin.org)

It is also increasingly implicated in problems in pregnancy such as premature births and underweight babies. (elixirnews.com)

Description of 13 infants born during October 2015-January 2016 with congenital Zika virus infection without microcephaly at birth-Brazil. (cdc.gov)

Some studies have raised concerns that IPT may be associated with adverse birth outcomes for women with HIV. (aidsmap.com)
Sixty-eight per cent started IPT during pregnancy (833 women) and pregnancy outcomes were recorded for 786 women exposed to IPT. (aidsmap.com)
HIV -infected women initiated ART ( tenofovir - emtricitabine / lamivudine -efavirenz) in pregnancy . (bvsalud.org)
Besides considering the re-categorized births to exposed women, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) recreated monthly estimates of past levels of drinking water contamination using computer models. (cdc.gov)
The births occurred between 1968 and 1985 to women who resided on base for at least one week before giving birth. (cdc.gov)
The following effects were seen in births from 1968-1985 to women exposed to contaminated drinking water at Camp Lejeune. (cdc.gov)
A team of researchers in medicine/epidemiology, anthropology/midwifery, computer science/sensors, and community-based case management created and pilot tested a mHealth application (mHealth app) for African-American women at high risk for adverse birth outcomes. (amegroups.org)
Anemia, not high hemoglobin concentration, before pregnancy was associated with an elevated risk of preterm birth, LBW and SGA, and the risk increased with the severity of anemia in Korean women. (nature.com)
It is also linked to preterm birth, other adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pelvic inflammatory disease in women with HIV. (genomeweb.com)
Timely and tailored interventions should be applied to mitigate mental problems among this population of women, especially multigravida women and women in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. (frontiersin.org)

This is because of the physiologic changes that take place during pregnancy, including increased heart rate and oxygen consumption, decreased lung capacity, and a shift away from cell-mediated immunity. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy9

Organisms2

Diseases48

Chemicals and Drugs25

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment69

Psychiatry and Psychology9

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena15

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science9

Named Groups17

Health Care71

Geographicals17

Health outcomes4

Maternal24

Associated with preterm birth3

Disparities in adverse2

Leading to preterm birth1

Trimester12

Psychosocial stress during pr2

Pregnant25

Risks6

Conclusions1

Preterm birth and low birth1

Methods1

20171

20193

Premature birth3

20212

APOs1

Complications9

Infant mortality3

Questionnaires administered during pr1

Preeclampsia4

Defects7

Exposure during pr3

Placenta5

Fetal growth4

Findings5

Live births2

Singleton1

Reactions2

Study18

Ectopic3

Gestational diabetes1

Evidence4

Stillbirth6

Abnormalities1

Infants with low birth1

Prenatal3

Weight24

Periodontal1

Systematic review3

Severe3

Vaccine during pr1

Cannabis during pr2

Observational Studies1

Developmental1

Obesity1

Subsequent4

Postpartum3

Underweight1

Congenital1

Women10

Physiologic changes1