Adults sleep apnea obstructive. Medical search. Frequent questions

Surrogate estimates of insulin resistance based on fasting insulin, triglycerides, and/or HDL-C can be used to help identify those obese adults who would benefit most from OSA screening and referral for polysomnography. (nih.gov)
OSA should be diagnosed accurately based on history, physical examination, upper airway evaluation, for example, using imaging tests and drug-induced sleep endoscopy, and polysomnography [ 4 ]. (sleepmedres.org)
The gold standard for diagnosis of OSAS is the performance of inpatient nocturnal polysomnography (PSG), which provides detailed information on respiration, sleep staging and quality, and a range of other variables including heart rate and rhythm. (mhmedical.com)
Medicare currently covers the use of CPAP in beneficiaries who have been diagnosed with moderate to severe OSA when ordered and prescribed by a licensed treating physician and confirmed by polysomnography (PSG) performed in a sleep laboratory in accordance with § 240.4 of the Medicare NCD Manual. (cms.gov)
Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for the evaluation of sleep-related breathing disorders. (hindawi.com)
Polysomnography (PSG) shows more than 5 scoreable respiratory events (eg, apneas, hypopneas, RERAs) per hour of sleep and/or evidence of respiratory effort during all or a portion of each respiratory event. (medscape.com)
To discuss how to recognise the child at risk for sleep-disordered breathing and the associated morbidity, summarise the value of polysomnography and other objective methods in determining severity of sleep-disordered breathing, present a stepwise treatment approach and compare diagnosis and management of sleep-disordered breathing in children and adults. (ersnet.org)
The statement reiterates the recommendation of the American Academy of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery that a sleep study, called polysomnography, is the best test for diagnosing sleep-disordered breathing. (news-medical.net)
30 eligible patients (apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) 22±11 events·h −1 ) then completed standard in-laboratory polysomnography (baseline) and returned for two additional overnight sleep studies (nights 1 and 30) after receiving either nightly zopiclone (7.5 mg) or placebo during a 1-month, double-blind, randomised, parallel trial ( ANZCTR identifier ANZCTRN12613001106729). (ersjournals.com)
We retrospectively analyzed clinical characteristics of 180 consecutive patients referred to the sleep clinic for polysomnography examinations at St. Paul's Hospital between January 2010 and October 2012. (biomedcentral.com)
Considering PX's risk factors, the physician recommended he undergo overnight diagnostic testing for OSA in a certified sleep laboratory with facility-based polysomnography (PSG). (primeinc.org)
Diagnosis is based on sleep history and polysomnography. (msdmanuals.com)
Through an interpretation of the polysomnography examination, case history, and clinical examination and by performing cephalometric analysis for sleep apnea, a safe and effective treatment using an intraoral device was indicated. (bvsalud.org)
After using the device for 4 weeks, the patient underwent another polysomnography, which showed the absence of obstructive sleep apnea. (bvsalud.org)

Obstructive sleep apnea is a chronic condition characterized by frequent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep. (nih.gov)
It happens when during our sleep, muscles loosen up and due to which the soft tissues in the back of the throat give way and obstruct the upper airway. (healthjockey.com)
Rationale: Recent randomized controlled trials did not show cardiovascular benefits of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in adults with coronary artery disease (CAD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in intention-to-treat analyses. (lu.se)
For patients in whom obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is suspected or is diagnosed, examination of the upper airway is essential for determining an optimal treatment, as many variables are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, making the choice of the correct treatment a complex one. (medscape.com)
OSA is characterized by repetitive upper airway collapses during sleep, resulting in various symptoms and outcomes. (sleepmedres.org)
OSA is characterized by repeated events of complete or partial upper airway collapse during sleep [ 2 ]. (sleepmedres.org)
Recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep causes repetitive episodes of intermittent hypoxia, and recurrent arousals from sleep, leading to daytime sleepiness, poor quality of life, and increased risk of road traffic accidents, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and metabolic dysfunction. (mhmedical.com)
A diagnosis of OSAS is based on the finding of significant respiratory disturbance due to collapse of the upper airway during sleep in the setting of compatible daytime symptomatology. (mhmedical.com)
Adults with Down syndrome (DS) are predisposed to obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), but the effectiveness and acceptability of continuous positive airway pressure treatment (CPAP) in this group has rarely been formally assessed. (ox.ac.uk)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is characterized by the upper airway instability during sleep, reduction or elimination of airflow (hence oxygen desaturation), periodic arousals (hence sleep disruption), and daytime hypersomnolence. (hindawi.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder and is characterized by recurrent episodes of complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway leading to reduced or absent breathing during sleep. (wikipedia.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea is differentiated from central sleep apnea (CSA), which is characterized by episodes of reduction or cessation in breathing attributable to decreased effort, rather than upper airway obstruction. (wikipedia.org)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) occurs when the upper airway becomes blocked, leading to brief pauses in breathing during sleep. (sleepfoundation.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated obstruction to the airway during sleep. (sleepfoundation.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition in which individuals experience pauses in breathing (apnea) during sleep, which are associated with partial or complete closure of the throat (pper airway). (medlineplus.gov)
We hypothesized that positional therapy would be equivalent to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) at normalizing the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with positional obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). (researchgate.net)
The most common treatment for OSA, positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment, is frequently initiated to reduce sleep-related symptoms. (cdc.gov)
Children who were born premature (before 37 weeks gestation) may have an increased risk for sleep-disordered breathing, partly due to delayed development of respiratory control and the smaller size of the upper airway. (news-medical.net)
Upper airway hypoglossal stimulation has been shown to be effective for adults with OSA but has not yet been evaluated for pediatric populations. (advocatehealth.com)
Muscle tone maintains upper airway tone, so when we go to sleep our muscles relax and the caliper of our airways will narrow. (medscape.com)
This obstruction leads to an arousal from sleep which increases muscle tone, reestablishes airway patency, and allows normal airflow. (medscape.com)
Thus, OSA is defined as repetitive arousals from sleep from collapse of the upper airway. (medscape.com)
Extra weight, especially in the trunk or neck, puts pressure on your child's airway and may cause the airway to collapse more easily during sleep. (childrens.com)
Although some respiratory disorders, such as sleep apnea, occur only during sleep, virtually all respiratory disorders-including upper airway obstruction, central hypoventilation, and chronic lung disease-are worse during sleep than wakefulness. (atsjournals.org)
The functional residual capacity (FRC) decreases with sleep ( 5 ), and upper airway resistance doubles ( 6 ). (atsjournals.org)
REM sleep is also associated with a decrease in intercostal and upper airway muscle tone. (atsjournals.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea, which involves disruption of the upper airway, affects about 10 percent of adults. (newswise.com)
This sleep disorder is characterized by pauses in breathing, which can last more than 10 seconds, due to narrowing or blocking of the airway. (primeinc.org)
4 This pressure keeps the airway open during sleep. (primeinc.org)
For people with obstructive sleep apnea, doctors commonly recommend continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy to reduce disruptions in nighttime breathing. (sleepapnea.org)
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep because of a narrowing or closure of the pharyngeal airway. (ohe.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea involves a compromise in upper airway anatomy during sleep. (msdmanuals.com)
Sleep destabilizes patency of the upper airway, leading to partial or complete obstruction of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, or both. (msdmanuals.com)
Airway patency tends to oscillate causing recurrent periods of apnea and recovery. (msdmanuals.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep. (medscape.com)
Tracheotomy was the mainstay of treatment for obstructive sleep apnea until 1981, when continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was introduced. (medscape.com)
Sleep endoscopy may be used to identify the area(s) of airway collapse. (medscape.com)
This procedure involves inducing sleep pharmacologically and then performing flexible fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy to evaluate the airway. (medscape.com)
Persons with a high arousal threshold can make adjustments to breathing and to the airway without awakening, thus avoiding the fragmentation and ventilatory overshoot associated with the sleep/wake transition. (medscape.com)

A latest study by experts at the University of Pennsylvania on obstructive sleep Apnea (OSA) reveals that the condition is also suffered by adults with Down syndrome. (healthjockey.com)
As per them adults with Down syndrome have even more influencing factor for OSA than children, as they still have the craniofacial anomalies and they have more tendency to be obese or hypothyroid. (healthjockey.com)
The study incorporated information from 16 adults with Down syndrome who went through the assessment for sleep disordered breathing. (healthjockey.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent, but underdiagnosed disorder. (mhmedical.com)
Prospective Trial of CPAP in Community-Dwelling Adults with Down Syndrome and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. (ox.ac.uk)
Sleep disturbances and hypoxemia contribute to excessive daytime sleepiness-a common symptom of the syndrome. (hindawi.com)
Background and purpose: Management of severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is challenging and needs multidisciplinary cooperation. (unife.it)
The terms obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) or obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) may be used to refer to OSA when it is associated with symptoms during the daytime (e.g. excessive daytime sleepiness, decreased cognitive function). (wikipedia.org)
When hypopneas are present alongside apneas, the term obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea is used and when it is associated with daytime sleepiness and other daytime symptoms, it is called obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
Common symptoms of OSA syndrome include unexplained daytime sleepiness, restless sleep, and loud snoring (with periods of silence followed by gasps). (wikipedia.org)
Temporary spells of OSA syndrome may also occur in people who are under the influence of a drug (such as alcohol) that may relax their body tone excessively and interfere with normal arousal from sleep mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
The hallmark symptom of OSA syndrome in adults is excessive daytime sleepiness. (wikipedia.org)
de Lima FF, Mazzotti DR, Tufik S, Bittencourt L. The role inflammatory response genes in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a review. (medlineplus.gov)
They recommend a sleep study before a tonsillectomy in children with sleep-disordered breathing who have conditions that increase their risk for complications during surgery, such as obesity, Down syndrome, craniofacial abnormalities (e.g., cleft palate), neuromuscular disorders (e.g., muscular dystrophy), or sickle cell disease. (news-medical.net)
PA is related to better sleep quality and absence of daytime sleepiness , along with lower risks of obstructive syndrome apnea (OSA). (bvsalud.org)
Patients with Down syndrome have a high incidence of persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and limited treatment options. (advocatehealth.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is OSA with more than 5 events per hour that has also some effect on either daytime function or symptoms. (medscape.com)
Other consequences of OSA that would then qualify for sleep apnea syndrome include refractory hypertension , depression, and fatigue. (medscape.com)
5 and excessive daytime sleepiness, they found that 4% of adult men and 2% of adult women in the United States had OSA syndrome. (medscape.com)
To do this in a safe manner requires careful attention and alertness which can be problematic for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) or other sleep disorders. (bmj.com)
Due to space limitations, disorders limited to infancy, such as apnea of prematurity, apparent life-threatening events, and sudden infant death syndrome, will not be discussed. (atsjournals.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: how should the dental surgeon proceed? (bvsalud.org)
The aim of this study is to describe a case report of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and to describe a logical sequence for the treatment of patients who suffer from this disease. (bvsalud.org)
Sleep apnea syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
The recognition of respiratory disorders during sleep has been increasing each year in the field of medicine, and it has aroused the interest of dentistry in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), the most common of these disorders, which affects 4% of middle-aged men and 2% of middle-aged women 1 . (bvsalud.org)
Patients were excluded if alternative diagnoses such to here as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults as bacterial sepsis were identified. (cdc.gov)
glutamine transaminase in non-obese men with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. (cdc.gov)
Sleep Respiratory Disturbances in Girls with Rett Syndrome. (cdc.gov)

In the clinical assessment and diagnosis of OSA, patients should be reviewed by medical practitioners with an interest in sleep disorders to better navigate the complexities of assessment, as well as the identification of co-morbid conditions. (frontiersin.org)
Sleep disorders can overlap, with OSA often co-existing with chronic insomnia, circadian misalignment, and other disorders. (frontiersin.org)
The technology could help with diagnosing sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea. (neurosciencenews.com)
Fatigue associated with MS could be the result of widely undiagnosed sleep disorders, a new study reports. (neurosciencenews.com)
Researchers stress more research needs to be conducted to determine a link between sleep disorders and cognitive impairment in the elderly. (neurosciencenews.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea has been associated with neurocognitive morbidity and there is a link between snoring and neurocognitive disorders. (wikipedia.org)
In the third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-3), obstructive sleep apnea is classified amongst the sleep-related breathing disorders and is divided in two categories, namely adult OSA and pediatric OSA. (wikipedia.org)
His research and clinical practice focuses on the entire myriad of sleep disorders. (sleepfoundation.org)
OSA is the most common type of sleep-related breathing disorder , which is a group of sleep disorders marked by abnormal breathing during sleep. (sleepfoundation.org)
There are three other types of sleep-related breathing disorders in addition to obstructive sleep apnea, which differ from OSA in their causes and features. (sleepfoundation.org)
Data were collected from 369 adults with suspected sleep disorders who visited the hospital 's neurophysiology clinic between August 2015 and January 2017. (bvsalud.org)
After adjusting for anthropometric and clinical factors, excessive sitting time or screen time was not associated with OSA in adults suspected of sleep disorders . (bvsalud.org)
Characteristics of OSA include snoring and sleep arousal, mood disorders, and increased body mass index (BMI). (medscape.com)
Another contributing factor is that there is a narrowed focus on sleep disorders during medical school and residency, which has led to a limited understanding of these conditions among many primary care clinicians. (medscape.com)
In addition, potential complications of sleep disorders, such as hypertension from obstructive SA, may also be discovered. (medscape.com)
Because of the variability of the presentation of the disorder, any or all symptoms of insomnia or other sleep disorders may manifest, depending on the presenting subtype. (medscape.com)
The current review aims to summarize the state of research on cannabis and sleep up to 2014 and to review in detail the literature on cannabis and specific sleep disorders from 2014 to the time of publication. (springer.com)
We still have a lot to learn about the long-term effects of this virus, but this study could inform clinical care by identifying patients who may benefit from closer monitoring," said Marishka K. Brown, Ph.D., director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). (news-line.com)
Thus, respiratory disorders during sleep are of particular importance during childhood. (atsjournals.org)
Rather, it will focus on the differences in these disorders between children and adults, from a developmental perspective. (atsjournals.org)
The science behind sleep-related breathing disorders has advanced. (medscape.com)
Rather than assuming that all OSA is related to an abnormal critical closing pressure (Pcrit), we now know that muscle tone, loop gain, and the RAT contribute to sleep-related breathing disorders. (medscape.com)
Obesity is now well recognized tory problems, sleep disorders, and and management of obesity. (who.int)

Simple queries of the patient or bed-partner for the symptoms and signs of the disorder, namely, loud snoring, observed apneas, and daytime sleepiness, would help identify those in need of further diagnostic evaluation. (nih.gov)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an increasingly common sleep disorder, especially among obese adults. (nih.gov)
American Academy of Sleep Medicine shares that OSA is a breathing disorder which is sleep related. (healthjockey.com)
Sleep medicine practitioner/ENTS review resulted in discovery of a non-OSA related sleep disorder or change in OSA severity in 47.8% (55/115). (frontiersin.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic sleep disorder that requires a long-term multidisciplinary approach. (sleepmedres.org)
Transplanting gut bacteria from mice with OSA to those without the disorder caused sleep disruptions. (neurosciencenews.com)
OSA therefore is a major intrinsic sleep disorder. (hindawi.com)
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is a disorder in which a person repeatedly stops breathing at night. (sleepfoundation.org)
Another current sleep disorder, medical or neurologic disorder, medication use, or substance use does not better account for the patient's condition. (medscape.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder that is associated with significant morbidity. (cdc.gov)
To analyze associations between PA levels, sitting time , screen time and OSA among adults with suspected sleep disorder . (bvsalud.org)
Use is higher in obese individuals (7.2%) and the elderly (9.1%) [ 1 ], two major risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), an increasingly common sleep-related breathing disorder with major adverse health and safety consequences [ 3 - 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Sleep apnea is a sleeping disorder that affects a large amount of people across the world. (ihealthdirectory.com)
People who have sleep apnea are usually prescribed a sleep apnea machine to help the deal with their sleeping disorder. (ihealthdirectory.com)
The disorder causes the patient to stop breathing during their sleep and can be life threatening. (ihealthdirectory.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts. (childrens.com)
Evaluation of sleep disorder in elderly patients begins with a complete sleep history. (medscape.com)
These data help determine the sleep pattern of the patient, the severity of the disorder, and the possible causes leading to sleep disturbances. (medscape.com)
CBD may hold promise for REM sleep behavior disorder and excessive daytime sleepiness, while nabilone may reduce nightmares associated with PTSD and may improve sleep among patients with chronic pain. (springer.com)
Among people who have had COVID-19, adults with obstructive sleep apnea were more likely to experience long-term symptoms suggestive of long COVID than those without the sleep disorder, according to a large study supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). (news-line.com)
For example, more regions of the superior frontal lobe were thinner in women with apnea than men or control groups, which might explain enhanced cognitive deficits among women with the disorder. (newswise.com)
It is not clear whether these physical brain changes precede the sleep apnea disorder, or worsen sleep apnea's symptoms as the disorder progresses. (newswise.com)
Between 10% and 30% of adults in the U.S. live with obstructive sleep apnea , a sleep disorder that can affect many aspects of a person's health, including their sleep quality and daytime functioning. (sleepapnea.org)

It was also seen that moderate OSA with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) where they take more than 15 breathing pauses per hour of sleep were apparently seen in about 88 percent of the subjects. (healthjockey.com)
PAP is primarily recommended for the treatment of moderate-to-severe OSA [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15] [ 1 , 12 , 13 ]. (sleepmedres.org)
Sleep-disordered breathing is defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of greater than five events per hour as measured by PSG, and can be further classified as mild (AHI 5-15 events per hour), moderate (AHI 15-30 events per hour), or severe (AHI >30 events per hour). (mhmedical.com)
Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is the number of apneic and hypopneic events per hour of sleep. (hindawi.com)
To be categorized as obstructive, the hypopnea must meet one or more of the following symptoms: (1) snoring during the event, (2) increased oronasal flow flattening, or (3) thoraco-abdominal paradoxical respiration during the event. (wikipedia.org)
The indices commonly used to assess sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the respiratory disturbance index (RDI). (medscape.com)
The AHI is defined as the average number of episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour. (medscape.com)
Seventeen adults with a baseline Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) ≥15/h. (frontiersin.org)
Another experimental objective was to test the effect of repeated doses of dronabinol on OSA severity measured by Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). (frontiersin.org)
Complete closure can lead to apnea while partial closure allows breathing but decrease the intake of oxygen (hypopnea). (medlineplus.gov)
There were no associations between PA parameters and apnea -hypopnea index. (bvsalud.org)
The prespecified primary outcomes were safety and the change in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from baseline to 12 months postoperatively. (advocatehealth.com)
The first landmark study regarding the prevalence of OSA was the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study, which identified 24% of men and 9% of women who had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of at least 5 events per hour. (medscape.com)
The occurrence of more than 5 apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) events/h was used to define OSA. (biomedcentral.com)
Some of these measurements are used to derive the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), 6 which is calculated as the number of measured apneas (cessation of breathing) and hypopneas (irregular shallow breathing) per hour of sleep. (primeinc.org)
Based on the PSG, she clarified PX had a significant number of apnea, hypopnea, and sleep arousal events during his sleep, which are hallmarks of OSA. (primeinc.org)
OSAS is considered to be a major public health issue 2 and is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent episodes of obstruction of the upper airways (UA) during sleep, leading to a significant reduction (hypopnea) or total blockage (apnea) of the airflow for at least 10 s. (bvsalud.org)
General indications for surgical intervention include mild obstructive sleep apnea with excessive daytime fatigue, an apnea-hypopnea index of 15 or more, oxyhemoglobin desaturation less than 90%, and/or cardiac arrhythmias associated with obstructions. (medscape.com)
Initially, the success rate of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty was reported to be less than 40%, with success defined as a reduction of respiratory disturbance index by 50% and an apnea-hypopnea index less than 10 or a respiratory disturbance index less than 20. (medscape.com)

The prevalence of adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can vary significantly based on factors such as apnea-hyponea index (AHI), scoring criteria and test type ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with chronic kidney disease: a hospital-based study. (cdc.gov)
A chronic condition, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a high prevalence in adults, [ 1 ] and the propensity for developing it depends on the complex interaction between anatomical and physiologic factors. (medscape.com)

Severe obstructive sleep apnea is linked to an increase of the amyloid beta protein, resulting in a greater risk of sufferers developing dementia. (neurosciencenews.com)
Using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans, the researchers looked at cortex thickness of 12 women and 36 men who had diagnoses of mild to severe obstructive sleep apnea (who were not being treated for their condition), and compared those findings to 40 male and 22 female controls (who did not have sleep apnea). (newswise.com)
Impact of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea on aggressive clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma. (cdc.gov)

We evaluated the effect of sleep medicine practitioner (SMP) and ear, nose, and throat surgeon (ENTS) review on patient diagnoses, disease severity, and management options in OSA. (frontiersin.org)
After controlling for similarities among patients, including COVID-19 severity, age, sex, race and ethnicity, and underlying medical conditions, researchers found adults with obstructive sleep apnea in N3C, the largest study, were 75% more likely to experience long COVID. (news-line.com)
Severity of obstructive sleep apnea was not controlled for, but sleep apnea is more likely to be undiagnosed in women - which could create a sample with women who have more severe cases. (news-line.com)
Although more research is needed, experts suggest that the loss of libido in people with obstructive sleep apnea may be related to the severity of breathing disruptions, medications, and psychological factors. (sleepapnea.org)
Correlation of cephalometric variables with obstructive sleep apnea severity among children: a hierarchical regression analysis. (cdc.gov)
The level of respiratory effort required to initiate arousal from sleep differs by many factors, including age, weight, and severity of OSA. (medscape.com)

Its effect on nocturnal sleep quality and ensuing daytime fatigue and sleepiness are widely acknowledged. (nih.gov)
Most people who suffer from sleep apnea apparently snore loudly and daytime sleepiness is commonly experienced by them. (healthjockey.com)
Use of CPAP in adults with DS and OSA led to a number of significant, sustained improvements in sleepiness and behavioural/emotional outcomes at 12 months. (ox.ac.uk)
Symptoms may be present for years or even decades without identification, during which time the person may become conditioned to the daytime sleepiness, headaches and fatigue associated with significant levels of sleep disturbance. (wikipedia.org)
Interrupted and poor quality sleep can lead to daytime sleepiness and fatigue, impaired attention and memory, headaches, depression , and sexual dysfunction. (medlineplus.gov)
Daytime sleepiness leads to a higher risk of motor vehicle accidents in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea. (medlineplus.gov)
Sleepiness has both homeostatic and circadian influences with the latter increasing sleep propensity at certain times of the day. (bmj.com)
2 , the deterioration of sleep quality caused by OSAS significantly contributes to excessive daytime sleepiness, loss of cognitive capacity, and mood swings and personality changes. (bvsalud.org)
Interaction between apolipoprotein E genotypes, excessive daytime sleepiness, and cognitive function in obstructive sleep apnea patients. (cdc.gov)

According to a new study, depressive symptoms are common in people with obstructive sleep apnea, and the symptoms can improve when the sleep apnea is treated with CPAP therapy. (neurosciencenews.com)
People with obstructive sleep apnea should also keep up with their vaccinations to minimize the risk of infection," said Lorna E. Thorpe, Ph.D., M.P.H., the study's senior author and director of the Division of Epidemiology in the Department of Population Health at New York University's Grossman School of Medicine, New York City. (news-line.com)

While the link between obstructive sleep apnea and low bone mineral density has yet to be fully explored, this study offers new evidence on their connection that could have several implications for orthodontic treatment," says Al-Jewair, also assistant dean for equity, diversity and inclusion in the UB School of Dental Medicine. (breathinglabs.com)
A follow-up analysis with additional patients confirmed these associations - showing a link between obstructive sleep apnea and increased odds for long COVID in adults. (news-line.com)

In the John Hopkins University adult Sleep Center, the polysomnographic results were corresponded and judged against the retrospective control sample of 48 adult patients who went through the regular diagnostic nocturnal polysmnography. (healthjockey.com)
Retrospective consecutive cohort study of 505 patients referred to a single center between 15th September 2015 to 14th September 2016, multidisciplinary specialist sleep clinic presenting with a home sleep apnea test prior to referral. (frontiersin.org)
A prospective study by Magliulo et al found that of 50 patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 70% had nasal obstruction, 80% had at least one rhinosinusal pathology, and 18% and 26% had, respectively, allergic or nonallergic rhinitis. (medscape.com)
Using 3D imaging and artificial intelligence, researchers discovered the shortest distance between two points on the curved surface of the face predicted, with 89% accuracy, which patients had sleep apnea. (neurosciencenews.com)
On this basis, we examined the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of dronabinol (Δ 9 THC), an exogenous Cannabinoid type 1 and type 2 (CB1 and CB2) receptor agonist in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). (frontiersin.org)
Positional therapy is equivalent to CPAP at normalizing the AHI in patients with positional OSA, with similar effects on sleep quality and nocturnal oxygenation. (researchgate.net)
Patients with more sleep-related symptoms appear to receive greater benefit from treatment than do patients with fewer sleep-related symptoms (10). (cdc.gov)
This article presents a narrative review of current recommendations for the clinical evaluation and management of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to identify points missing from a myofunctional perspective. (iaom.com)
The authors reviewed current official guidelines for adult patients with OSA, searching clinical evaluation and treatment recommendations for myofunctional therapy. (iaom.com)
Only two guidelines consider myofunctional therapy (MFT) as a treatment modality for adult patients with OSA. (iaom.com)
To strengthen the knowledge base and evidence for including MFT treatment for adult patients with OSA, the authors encourage physicians to incorporate myofunctional evaluation into their regular clinical practice. (iaom.com)
There has been a progressive increase in the number of patients diagnosed with sleep apnea over the last decade. (medscape.com)
Researchers from the UCLA School of Nursing examined clinical records and magnetic resonance imaging brain scans of patients who were recently diagnosed with sleep apnea, and discovered several apparent connections between thinning of the brain's cerebral cortex and apnea symptoms. (newswise.com)
No sleep apnea patients showed any thickening of the cerebral cortex. (newswise.com)
MADs are gradually adjusted by a certified healthcare provider, and patients sleep with the device inserted throughout the night. (primeinc.org)
The Adult Cerebral Palsy Clinic focuses on managing the symptoms of cerebral palsy while helping patients navigate the manageable, often preventable health challenges all of us face as we grow older. (uofmhealth.org)
For adolescents transitioning from pediatric to adult care we also offer the Physical Disabilities Transitional Care and Adult Clinic , one of the only clinics in the state devoted to the specialty care of adolescent and adult patients with childhood-onset physical disabilities. (uofmhealth.org)
Above and beyond managing the symptoms of cerebral palsy, The Adult Cerebral Palsy Clinic and Research Program also focuses on helping patients reduce the impact of many common, chronic, lifestyle-related conditions seen in adults. (uofmhealth.org)
The steps followed for the treatment in this case highlight the importance of and the need for a correct and careful approach for patients with sleep apnea referred to dental office. (bvsalud.org)
Sleep apnea events last longer and have higher hypoxemia during REM sleep than during NREM sleep in patients with OSAS 5 . (bvsalud.org)
Correlation Between Sleep Electroencephalogram, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, AVPR1B Gene Polymorphism, and Suicidal Behavior in Patients with Depression. (cdc.gov)
In theory, then, these medications could be administered to patients with OSA and a low RAT to improve sleep continuity. (medscape.com)

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the RICCADSA (Randomized Intervention with CPAP in CAD and Obstructive Sleep Apnea) trial, conducted in Sweden between 2005 and 2013. (lu.se)
We received a request to reconsider the 2005 National Coverage Determination (NCD) for CPAP Therapy for OSA (CAG-00093R) to allow coverage of CPAP based upon a diagnosis of OSA by home sleep testing (HST). (cms.gov)
We are proposing that the use of CPAP willbe covered when diagnosed using a clinical evaluation and PSG performed in a sleep laboratory. (cms.gov)
In addition, we are proposing to expand coverage of CPAP to include those beneficiaries with a diagnosis of CPAP made using a combination of a clinical evaluation and unattended home sleep monitoring using a Type II, III or IV device. (cms.gov)
The total sleep time was unchanged with the PD, but decreased with CPAP, from 338 (303-374, 159-449) minutes to 334 (287-366, 194-397) and 319 (266-343, 170-386) minutes, respectively (p = 0.02). (researchgate.net)
A CPAP machine is used for those who have obstructive sleep apnea. (ihealthdirectory.com)
In 2008, NICE assessed three interventions and recommended the use of CPAP machines for adults with moderate or severe OAS, but recommend use in milder cases only if other options had failed or were inappropriate. (ohe.org)

Obesity is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea as 60 to 70 percent of individuals with this condition have obesity. (medlineplus.gov)
About 30-60% of adolescents who meet the criteria for obesity (BMI≥95th percentile) also have obstructive sleep apnea. (news-medical.net)
Physical examination and the Mental Status Examination may give clues to the causes of sleep disturbance (eg, obesity with resulting obstructive sleep apnea [SA], depression). (medscape.com)
No significant links between sleep apnea and long COVID in children were found after researchers controlled for other medical conditions, including obesity. (news-line.com)
Considering this information and the patient's obesity and hypertension, the physician recommended PX should undergo diagnostic testing for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). (primeinc.org)
In addition to contending with the physical, medical and potential cognitive aspects of their disease, an adult with cerebral palsy must also face the same age-related health risks as any adult, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis, frailty and fracture risk. (uofmhealth.org)
WHO Child Growth Standards at age use since the late 1970s, did not ad- younger than 5 years has been in- 5 years and with the recommended equately represent early childhood creasing steadily, from 4.8% in 1990 adult cut-off points for overweight and growth and that new growth curves to 6.2% in 2015 (Fig. 1.1), despite obesity at age 19 years [6]. (who.int)

Symptoms include tossing and turning during sleep, snoring, daytime fatigue, and headaches upon waking. (sleepfoundation.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea often occurs on its own, without signs and symptoms affecting other parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
If your child is overweight or obese , he or she is at a higher risk for developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or for more severe symptoms if OSA already exists. (childrens.com)
Men are twice as likely to have sleep apnea as women, and symptoms and brain function appear to vary between men and women. (newswise.com)
However, while previous studies have made connections between brain structure changes and general clinical signs, none have definitively linked sex differences in brain structure with symptoms in sleep apnea. (newswise.com)
The study is one of the first to underscore significant clinical differences between men and women with sleep apnea, and points to the need for different treatment approaches to address these varied symptoms. (newswise.com)
Some degree of OSA with symptoms is present in 8 to 16% of adults. (msdmanuals.com)
MIS-A), the heterogeneity of clinical signs and symptoms, To identify potential published cases, a literature search was and the role for antibody testing in identifying similar cases performed on August 20, 2020, and 355 publications were among adults. (cdc.gov)
Abstracts were screened by one reviewer to deter- sider MIS-A in adults with compatible signs and symptoms. (cdc.gov)

Due to this, partial reduction in breathing (hypopneas) and absolute pauses (apneas) happen in breathing and sudden reductions in blood saturation can be generated. (healthjockey.com)
Symptomatic, community-dwelling DS individuals exhibiting ≥10 apnoeas/hypopneas per hour in bed on a Type 3 home sleep study were invited to participate in this study, with follow-up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months from baseline. (ox.ac.uk)
These episodes are termed "apneas" with complete or near-complete cessation of breathing, or "hypopneas" when the reduction in breathing is partial. (wikipedia.org)
A high frequency of apneas or hypopneas during sleep may interfere with the quality of sleep, which - in combination with disturbances in blood oxygenation - is thought to contribute to negative consequences to health and quality of life. (wikipedia.org)
The RDI is defined as the average number of respiratory disturbances (obstructive apneas, hypopneas, and respiratory event-related arousals [RERAs]) per hour. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] This results in cessations or significant reductions of airflow known as apneas and hypopneas, which ultimately lead to behavioral and cardiovascular morbidity. (medscape.com)

To assess the validity of home sleep apnea test directed diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a real-life clinical setting and establish the extent to which clinical evaluation alters diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, in the context of the evolving realm of precision medicine. (frontiersin.org)
This adds further complexity to diagnosis, meaning that when OSA is suspected, a comprehensive sleep assessment is important to personalize subsequent diagnostic investigations and treatment. (frontiersin.org)
A diagnosis of narcolepsy may be delayed if obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is considered the only condition. (medscape.com)
Perhaps the greatest reason for the sudden increase in the diagnosis of sleep apnea is an improved awareness by both the medical profession and the lay public. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea: A review. (msdmanuals.com)
Recognition and diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in older Americans. (msdmanuals.com)
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to present the evidence and provide clinical recommendations on the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in adults. (bvsalud.org)

Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung 2021 8 26 (2): 783-791. (cdc.gov)

The respiratory effort must then be assessed in order to correctly classify the apnea as obstructive given the specificity of the diaphragmatic activity in this condition: the inspiratory effort is continued or increased through the entire episode of absent airflow. (wikipedia.org)
The simple definition of obstructive sleep apnea is collapse of the upper airways during sleep, resulting in airflow obstruction and repetitive arousals. (medscape.com)
Continued narrowing results in an obstruction of the upper airways and a cessation of airflow, which is an obstructive apneic event. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] The respiratory centers in the brainstem track mechanical constraints (low lung volumes, resistance to airflow) and gas-exchange abnormalities (oxygen, pH, and carbon dioxide changes) during sleep. (medscape.com)

The findings are crucial for individuals with sleep apnea, as low bone mineral density is an indicator of osteoporosis - a condition in which bones become weak and brittle. (breathinglabs.com)
This machine helps individuals with sleep apnea to be able to get a better night's sleep. (ihealthdirectory.com)

adult population has a moderate to severe case of obstructive sleep apnea. (cdc.gov)
In fact, in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, it was estimated that 93% of women and 82% of men with moderate to severe OSA are undiagnosed. (medscape.com)

An estimated 6% of the US adult population has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (cdc.gov)

Increasingly, obstructive sleep apnea is also being recognized as an independent risk factor for several clinical consequences, including systemic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and abnormal glucose metabolism. (nih.gov)
In normal physiologic sleep, distinct sleep stage-related changes occur in cardiovascular regulation. (hindawi.com)
Sleep disruptions due to sleep apnea have the potential to raise blood pressure and are linked with insulin resistance and abnormal lipids, all of which may adversely impact overall cardiovascular health later in life. (news-medical.net)
OSA is associated with cardiovascular disease in adults, however, less is known about how the condition affects the immediate and long-term heart health of children and adolescents. (news-medical.net)
Obstructive sleep apnea disrupts normal, restorative sleep, which can impact emotional health, as well as the immune, metabolic and cardiovascular systems in children and adolescents. (news-medical.net)
Having untreated obstructive sleep apnea increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases like high blood pressure, heart failure, and stroke. (sleepapnea.org)
The rs579459 ABO gene polymorphism and risk of incident cardiovascular events in obstructive sleep apnea: a pilot study. (cdc.gov)

These nocturnal respiratory disturbances result in brief arousals from sleep (i.e., sleep fragmentation) that considerably disturb sleep architecture and may lead to a significant deprivation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and stages 3 and 4 of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. (hindawi.com)
Most individuals with obstructive sleep apnea are unaware of disturbances in breathing while sleeping, even after awakening. (wikipedia.org)

OSA is characterized by the quintessential triad of intermittent apnea, hypoxia, and hypoxemia due to pharyngeal collapse. (hindawi.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea, which is characterized by difficulty breathing while asleep, can cause hypoxia (low levels of oxygen in the body), inflammation, oxidative stress and shortened breathing patterns. (breathinglabs.com)

Sulthiame, a CA inhibitor drug, reduced the number of breathing pauses and promoted oxygenation during the night in sufferers of obstructive sleep apnea. (neurosciencenews.com)

Objective: Introduce a multidisciplinary snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) management algorithm proposal with possible treatment models. (remedypublications.com)
Adults living with cerebral palsy need individualized, multidisciplinary care that grows with them. (uofmhealth.org)

A bed partner or family member may observe a person snoring or appear to stop breathing, gasp, or choke while sleeping. (wikipedia.org)
The patient's bed partner reports loud snoring, breathing interruptions, or both during the patient's sleep. (medscape.com)
Individuals with obstructive sleep apnea may experience interrupted sleep with frequent awakenings and loud snoring. (medlineplus.gov)
Sleep-disordered breathing is when someone experiences abnormal episodes of labored breathing, snoring, and snoring sounds during sleep. (news-medical.net)
It includes a spectrum of conditions from snoring to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). (news-medical.net)
PX believed that he was sleeping well, but his wife had been complaining recently about his loud snoring and irregular breathing. (primeinc.org)
Obstructive episodes are usually accompanied by loud snoring and a drop in blood oxygen saturation (hypoxemia), ending in short micro-awakenings, which result in sleep fragmentation 4 . (bvsalud.org)

This study was published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). (healthjockey.com)
Clinical Genomics: Practical Applications in Adult Patient Care, 1e Murray MF, Babyatsky MW, Giovanni MA, Alkuraya FS, Stewart DR. Murray M.F., & Babyatsky M.W., & Giovanni M.A., & Alkuraya F.S., & Stewart D.R.(Eds. (mhmedical.com)
Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in adults is evolving, as new therapies have been explored and introduced in clinical practice, while other approaches have been refined or reconsidered. (researchgate.net)
What are we missing in adult obstructive sleep apnea clinical evaluation? (iaom.com)
For over a decade, the Penn Sleep Clinical and Research groups have hosted an annual research retreat with the aim of promoting sleep medicine and circadian neurobiology research. (upenn.edu)
I'd like to welcome you to today's COCA call, Clinical Management of Critically Ill Adults with Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to present the evidence and provide clinical recommendations on the comparative effectiveness and safety of preventive dietary and pharmacologic management of recurrent nephrolithiasis in adults. (bvsalud.org)

If a patient has been diagnosed with sleep apnea, this can influence treatment planning and management. (breathinglabs.com)
The differential policy treatment of dental care for adults and children, both before and after implementation of the ACA, has important implications for oral health," Vujicic and colleagues wrote ( Health Affairs , December 2016, Vol. 35:12, pp. 2176-2182). (drbicuspid.com)
But modern treatment advances mean more adults with cerebral palsy are living longer lives, and those with less severe forms can expect the same lifespan as people without cerebral palsy. (uofmhealth.org)

What are the benefits of Pediatric Exercise and Sleep Apnea? (childrens.com)
What can I expect with Pediatric Exercise and Sleep Apnea? (childrens.com)
This review will not attempt to provide a comprehensive description of all aspects of pediatric sleep-disordered breathing. (atsjournals.org)
Data on sleep-related changes in tidal volume in the pediatric age group are scarce, although one study in adolescents confirmed a decrease in tidal volume ( 4 ). (atsjournals.org)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a condition characterized by repeatedly interrupted breathing during sleep, occurs frequently in adults (1). (cdc.gov)

We are proposing to modify the criteria for a positive sleep study to remove the requirement for a minimum two hours of continuous recorded sleep and instead recognize shorter periods of continuous recorded sleep if the total number of recorded events during that shorter period is at least the number of events that would have been required in a two hour period. (cms.gov)
If the AHI or RDI is calculated based on less than 2 hours of continuous recorded sleep, the total number of recorded events to calculate the AHI or RDI during sleep testing is at least the number of events that would have been required in a 2-hour period. (medscape.com)

Sleep efficiency, spontaneous arousal index, and sleep architecture were unchanged with both therapies. (researchgate.net)
However, in two recent small physiology studies, trazodone and zopiclone did not change the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI), and zopiclone increased mean overnight hypoxaemia by 1% in individuals with severe OSA [ 11 , 19 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a reliable marker of insulin resistance, which is linked to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the association between TyG index and OSA in adults with suspected OSA. (biomedcentral.com)

View Source , causing fragmented sleep and contributing to severe health consequences if left untreated. (sleepfoundation.org)
Sleep apnea is a medical condition that can be dangerous if left untreated. (ihealthdirectory.com)
Left untreated, the impact of sleep apnea on brain damage progresses overtime. (newswise.com)
If left untreated, obstructive sleep apnea can have significant effects on a person's health, which in turn can make it more difficult to have sex. (sleepapnea.org)

To celebrate the 25th anniversary of the CSCN, the 2016 retreat featured alumni talks on the Functions of Sleep, Circuits, OSA & Sleep Fragmentation, Genetics of Sleep, and Sleep Loss. (upenn.edu)

In contrast, studies of infants, children, and adolescents have shown that the respiratory rate decreases during sleep ( 2-4 ). (atsjournals.org)
During REM sleep, breathing is erratic, with variable respiratory rate and tidal volume and frequent central apneas. (atsjournals.org)
This interviewing protocol consisted of the questions in the Adult Core Respiratory Disease Questionnaire along with some suggested probes that were added by QDRL staff. (cdc.gov)
A specific threshold of increased respiratory effort, in response to derangements in mechanics or gas exchange, triggers an arousal from sleep. (medscape.com)

Sleep medicine 2022 5 96 99-104. (cdc.gov)

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when a person has periods of time while they are sleeping that they do not breathe. (ihealthdirectory.com)

Conclusions: Given the relatively small sample of subjects studied and the relatively brief follow-up, MMA proved to be a valuable alternative therapeutical tool in our adult and severe OSAHS patient group, with a success rate not inferior to APAP. (unife.it)

Cite this: Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Targeting the Low Arousal Threshold - Medscape - Jun 30, 2017. (medscape.com)

After talking with PX on treatments for controlling his blood pressure, the physician then ended the exam by asking about his sleep patterns and quality. (primeinc.org)
In August 2011, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) published a comparative effectiveness review of diagnostic methods and treatments for OSA in adults. (primeinc.org)

We are an aging population and it has been clearly established that sleep apnea increases with increase in age. (medscape.com)

Approximately 1 in 5 adults possess an AHI of 5-15, that is, mild OSA, and 1 in 15 adults may have moderate OSA, that is, 15-30 AHI [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Based on several large population-based studies, it is currently estimated that at least 1 in 5 American adults has at least mild sleep apnea and 1 in 15 have moderate or severe disease. (medscape.com)

It produces episodes of brief awakening from sleep as the body seeks to restore normal breathing. (ohe.org)

This condition affects both children and adults alike. (ihealthdirectory.com)
The NHIS is an annual survey in which U.S. Census Bureau employees conduct household interviews with a nationally representative sample of children and adults. (drbicuspid.com)
Vujicic and colleagues ended up with a sample of about 50,000 children and adults. (drbicuspid.com)

Poor sleep quality as a risk factor for lapse following a cannabis quit attempt. (springer.com)
In fact, multiple analyses of electronic health records (EHR) uncovered adults with sleep apnea may have up to a 75% higher risk of developing long COVID. (news-line.com)
Part of the challenge is that many of the risk factors for sleep apnea are also risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes," said Thorpe. (news-line.com)
1,2,3,4,5 In a 2005 National Sleep Foundation poll, 26% of respondents met the criteria for high risk of OSA. (primeinc.org)
Impact of sleep on injury risk among rural children. (cdc.gov)
Multivariable log-binomial regression examined associations between sleep characteristics and injury risk. (cdc.gov)
There were no statistically significant associations identified between sleep characteristics and injury risk in preschool children. (cdc.gov)
This study highlights the impact of sleep problems on risk for injury among rural children. (cdc.gov)
A survey of veterans in northeast Ohio using the Cleveland Sleep Habits questionnaire (7) showed that 46% of the respondents were at high risk for OSA (7). (cdc.gov)

Anatomy32

Diseases63

Chemicals and Drugs14

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment100

Psychiatry and Psychology26

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science5

Health Care47

Polysomnography14

Airway39

Syndrome28

Disorders23

Disorder23

Hypopnea19

Prevalence3

Severe obstructive3

Severity6

Sleepiness9

People with obstructive sleep2

Link between obstructive sleep2

Patients22

CPAP7

Obesity7

Symptoms9

Hypopneas6

Diagnosis7

20211

Airflow4

Individuals with sleep apnea2

Moderate to severe2

Chronic obstructive1

Cardiovascular7

Disturbances2

Hypoxia2

Pauses1

Multidisciplinary2

Snoring7

Clinical7

Treatment3

Pediatric4

Condition characterized1

Continuous2

Index4

Left untreated4

20161

Respiratory4

20221

Occurs1

OSAHS1

Arousal threshold1

Treatments2

Increases1

Mild2

Episodes1

Children and adults3

Risk9