Adult sheep genetic clone humans for reproductive. Medical search. Frequent questions

2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
The latest experiments have also produced three lambs from the cells of a sheep fetus aborted after 26 days, and four from a nine-day-old embryo. (newscientist.com)
increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
An in-depth analysis aiming at re-defining this terminology according to the new developments in human embryo research would be highly beneficial . (lifeissues.net)
3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
creates a cloned embryo. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
A cloned embryo-like a natural embryo-is an individual organism, a member of its (in this case, human) species. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
After that, the question becomes not whether to clone, but what to do with the embryo that was created through the cloning process. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Repeat after me: Human SCNT creates a human embryo through asexual means. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The only question is what you do with the living human embryo you have manufactured. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The Los Angeles Times has waded in to the junk biology game, assuring us that no embryos are threatened in human cloning-WHEN THE WHOLE POINT OF HUMAN CLONING IS TO CREATE AN EMBRYO! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Other policy options, such as supposed compromises that would prohibit "reproductive cloning" but permit "therapeutic cloning" by prohibiting not the act of creating a cloned embryo but the act of transferring a cloned embryo to a woman's uterus, would inherently mandate the wide-scale destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
In the real world, there is no such thing scientifically as a "pre-embryo", or "just a genetic individual" as opposed to a "developmental individual. (lifeissues.net)
And despite the sowing of deep Jesuitical doubts as to when a new human embryo begins to exist by the likes of many researchers, lawyers, theologians, and philosophers, or by the 1973 Roe vs. Wade decision, there really is no doubt or confusion as to when a new human embryo begins to exist -- and hasn't been for over 125 years. (lifeissues.net)
The first to study the human embryo systematically was Wilhelm His, Sr., who established the basis of reconstruction, i.e., the assembling of three-dimensional form from microscopic sections. (lifeissues.net)
In it the human embryo was studied as a whole for the first time. (lifeissues.net)
Therapeutic cloning involves the creation of an early-stage embryo (blastocyst) and the removal of stem cells from the developing embryo. (geminigenetics.com)
Though pet cloning may be considered a relatively new technology, the process of cloning as defined above is first documented in 1885, where Hans Adolf Eduard Driesch demonstrated artificial embryo twinning on a sea-urchin. (geminigenetics.com)
The replicated embryo is injected into the womb of your mature adult female animal for advancement. (mabuty.com)
The idea of destroying the embryo is the reason why there are so many moral controversies with cloning. (mabuty.com)
The Multi-Dimensional Human Embryo website ( http://embryo.soad.umich.edu/ ) is a publicly accessible online database of the first three-dimensional images and animations of human embryos during different stages of development. (asu.edu)
The creation of an embryo by nuclear transfer is a human being whose right to continued life should be respected. (cmq.org.uk)
The intention of Parliament in drawing up the 1990 Act was to totally ban cloning which was then foreseen as transferring a nucleus into an enucleated embryo. (cmq.org.uk)
Secondly, widening the scope of research further establishes the human embryo as a mere commodity for use as a research animal and moves away from Dame Warnock's assertion that the embryo deserves special respect. (cmq.org.uk)
Britain is almost isolated in Europe in its failure to afford the human embryo any meaningful status, as attested by the huge number of embryos produced and destroyed. (cmq.org.uk)
On the topic of cloning we should set an example by outlawing it in all its forms, cloned babies and so called 'therapeutic cloning' (which is a misnomer as at this stage no therapeutic benefit will result from the cloned embryo). (cmq.org.uk)
The egg then "reprograms" the adult nucleus so that the cell behaves like an embryo but has the genes of the adult cell. (nih.gov)
When an embryo like this is implanted into a uterus, as with Dolly, the process is called reproductive cloning. (nih.gov)
In another strategy, called therapeutic cloning, the embryo can instead be used to create stem cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (nih.gov)
Since embryonic stem cells have the ability to form virtually any cell type in the body, those taken from a cloned embryo could potentially be used to treat many diseases. (nih.gov)
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) and embryo research have posed many challenges to the different timeframes of science, ethics and law. (edu.au)
A little shot of electricity comes next, and if all goes well, a new human cloned embryo comes into being and begins to develop in the same way as a sexually created embryo. (cbc-network.org)
Cloning of a human being" means asexual reproduction by implanting or attempting to implant the product of nuclear transplantation [e.g., an embryo] into a uterus or substitute for a uterus with the purpose of producing a human being. (cbc-network.org)

5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
Therapeutic cloning refers to the production of embryonic stem cells for medicinal reasons, for example regenerative medicine and tissue replacement. (geminigenetics.com)
These different kinds are: recombinant DNA technology which includes GENETICS cloning or gene cloning, therapeutic cloning, and reproductive system cloning. (mabuty.com)
Last is usually Therapeutic cloning which procedure is very similar to reproductive, but with different desired goals and results. (mabuty.com)
Therapeutic cloning has a objective to study distinct human expansion for the treating diseases. (mabuty.com)
Human cloning ought to be banned, both reproductive cloning and so-called therapeutic cloning-or as Stanford University recently referred to it, "human nuclear transplantation. (probe.org)
Mr Blair says the European biotech industry will be worth $100 billion by 2005 and the day after the British Parliament gave the green light for therapeutic cloning the leading commercial player was rewarded with a substantial jump in share value. (cmq.org.uk)
Researchers have been hoping to harness the therapeutic potential of cloning ever since the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. (nih.gov)
Therapeutic cloning has garnered a great deal of attention over the past few years, but until now it had only been achieved in the mouse. (nih.gov)
Their report, published in the same issue of the journal, confirms that therapeutic cloning has now been accomplished in primates for the first time. (nih.gov)
Although this study proves that the therapeutic cloning of primates is possible, there are still many hurdles to be overcome. (nih.gov)
If the cloned human organism is to be experimented upon and destroyed, the process is often called "therapeutic cloning. (cbc-network.org)
Therapeutic cloning possesses enormous potential for revolutionizing medical and thera- peutic techniques. (who.int)
This is therapeutic cloning. (who.int)
This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)

Wilmut, along with Keith Campbell from the animal sciences research institute in Scotland, generated news headlines and heated ethical debates in 1996 when they created Dolly, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. (cyprus-mail.com)
Dolly, named after country singer Dolly Parton, was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell, using a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (cyprus-mail.com)
She is the first mammal ever created from the non-reproductive tissue of an adult animal. (newscientist.com)
Professor Campbell was instrumental in the creation of Dolly the Sheep, the first cloned mammal, a breakthrough which paved the way for the successful cloning of many other mammal species. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Dolly the Sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult derived somatic cell, was born in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
His pioneering studies into cell-cycle control and cellular differentiation led to the programme of work at Roslin that gave birth to the first mammal to be cloned from adult cells - ie. (nottingham.ac.uk)
When the world learned in 1997 of Dolly the sheep, the first clone produced from an adult mammal, a broad public discussion about the ethics of human cloning ensued, largely focused on the nature, meaning, and future of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
Junk was in reality, the first mammal to get cloned via a cellular taken from a fully adult dog cell. (mabuty.com)
Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned from the DNA of an adult. (snexplores.org)
According to the Roslin Institute, Dolly was the first mammal to develop into an adult from the transfer of the nucleus of an adult sheep cell into an ovum with the nucleus removed. (asu.edu)
That month, scientists reported the first successful attempt to reproduce a large, adult mammal through cloning. (exposingsatanism.org)

WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
General Assembly the following year,3 and the World Medical Association's Resolution on Cloning, endorsed in 1997, have confronted the issue but lack binding legal force. (who.int)
Dr. Ian Wilmut's group changed that in 1997 with the creation of Dolly the sheep. (cshl.edu)
On October 3, 1997, the host mouse gave birth to Cumulina, named after the cumulus cells she was cloned from. (cshl.edu)
Note: Please read The Little Lamb That Made a Monkey of Us All for the author's comments on the news of a successful lamb cloning (March 7, 1997). (probe.org)
After years of experiments …cloning hit the big time in February 1997. (exposingsatanism.org)

The use of the technique of nuclear transfer for reproduction of human beings is surrounded by strong ethical concerns and controversies and is considered a threat to human dignity. (who.int)
2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
The location of towns would be decipherable since, for every massing of human beings, there would be a corresponding massing of certain nematodes. (wikipedia.org)
Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
The New Atlantis is building a culture in which science and technology work for, not on, human beings. (thenewatlantis.com)
Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)
Since then the debate on applying the technique to clone human beings has been ongoing. (cshl.edu)
We face a problem today even greater than the one in this book and it involves the duplication of human beings in a society that has always been known for its diversity. (benjaminbarber.org)
human beings have developed innovative technologies to treat and cure disease, to enhance human living conditions, and to protect or improve the environment. (jcpa.org)
The report arose out of a recommendation for the Committee to review the report of the Australian Health Ethics Committee (AHEC) of the NHMRC entitled Scientific, Ethical and Regulatory Considerations Relevant to Cloning of Human Beings (hereafter the AHEC Report ). (edu.au)
And now Washington joins the infamous list with Senate Bill 5594, a thoroughly disingenuous piece of legislation that purports to outlaw the cloning of human beings, but by manipulating language and redefining terms, actually permits human cloning and gestation of the resulting cloned embryos through the ninth month. (cbc-network.org)
All things considered, contemporary biological insights inform us that human beings, like all species, actually are already polygenomic organisms, and for that reason, fundamental biological concepts such as 'individual' and 'species' deserve considerable nuance. (demul.nl)

Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)
That is what New Jersey legislators did when they passed and then Governor James McGreevey signed S-1909 last year, a law that was sold to the public as outlawing human cloning but which actually permits the creation of cloned human life, and its implantation and gestation up to and including the very moment prior to the emergence of the cloned baby from the birth canal. (cbc-network.org)

British scientist Ian Wilmut, whose research was central to the creation of the cloned animal, Dolly the Sheep, has died at the age of 79, the University of Edinburgh said on Monday. (cyprus-mail.com)
Professor Sir Ian Wilmut, who worked with Professor Campbell on the creation of Dolly the Sheep, said: "Always cheerful and friendly, Keith will be greatly missed by all of his friends and colleagues. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Dolly the sheep. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Inevitably most people will remember him for Dolly the sheep although his recent work was focused on fundamental and applied stem cell research as a tool for the study of human disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Such is the enormity of the findings of the Roslin Institute, where not only was Dolly the sheep created, but her predecessors Tracy, Megan and Morag. (wikiquote.org)
The cloning of 'Dolly The Sheep' in 1996 by the Rosalind Institute in Scotland, UK, is the most recognised example of reproductive cloning. (geminigenetics.com)
Long before the birth of Dolly the sheep, clones had been observed in both nature and in the laboratory. (cshl.edu)
Dolly the sheep died at the age of six. (cshl.edu)
CNN)For the first time, scientists say they created cloned primates using the same complicated cloning technique that made Dolly the sheep in 1996. (cmaaa.co.za)
When scientists made Dolly the sheep, years after she was born they used the same cell cluster to make four other sheep clones. (cmaaa.co.za)
Researchers at the Roslin Institute cloned the Dolly the sheep in 1996. (asu.edu)
This is the technology used to create Dolly the sheep. (cbc-network.org)

His research blossomed after he came to Roslin Institute where in a series of papers he put the intellectual framework into the method of mammalian cloning that ultimately led to the birth of Dolly in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)
Prior to 1996, it was thought that cloning an entire animal could only be done with embryonic cells - cells present in the early stages of an organism's development. (cshl.edu)
is a British developmental biologist who was the first to use nuclear transfer of differentiated adult cells to generate a mammalian clone, a Finn Dorset sheep named Dolly, born in 1996. (mathisfunforum.com)

Once the SCNT is done, the cloning is over. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Activation of embryonic genes and transcription from the transplanted somatic cell nucleus are required for development of SCNT embryos beyond the eight-cell stage…Therefore, these results are consistent with the premise that our modified SCNT protocol supports reprogramming of human somatic cells to the embryonic state. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The cloning is completed when the SCNT is accomplished. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. (bartleby.com)
In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
In the case of Hua Hua and Zhong Zhong, researchers used modern technology developed only in the last couple of years to enhance the technique used to clone Dolly, which is called somatic cell transfer, or SCNT. (cmaaa.co.za)
The SCNT technique has worked to create about 20 different animals including frogs, mice, rabbits, pigs, cows and even dogs, but there have been 'numerous attempts to clone non-human primate species, but they all failed,' said Mumming Poo, an author on the paper. (cmaaa.co.za)
The primary cloning technique is called "somatic cell nuclear transfer" (SCNT). (cbc-network.org)
If the authors of this bill really meant what they appear to have written, their legislation would ban all human cloning, since as we have seen, biologically, a new human organism, that is, a new human being, comes into existence with the completion of SCNT. (cbc-network.org)
This is junk biology since implanting isn't the act of asexual reproduction: SCNT cloning is. (cbc-network.org)

The Threat of Human Cloning concludes by calling for laws prohibiting both human cloning and the creation of embryos for research. (thenewatlantis.com)

He then moved to PPLTherapeutics, the company that was spun out from Roslin Institute, where that procedure and his expertise led to the birth of cloned and genetically modified sheep, pigs and cattle. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Pigs have been added to the cloned animal menagerie. (cshl.edu)
Scientists hope to use cloned pigs to grow organs that can be transplanted into humans. (cshl.edu)
In total, 99 S. suis strains were isolated and analyzed in this study: 88 isolates from human patients and 11 from diseased pigs. (cdc.gov)
Infection in humans is considered an occupational disease that affects persons who work in close contact with pigs or pork byproducts ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
S. suis serotype 2 is considered the most prevalent and virulent in pigs and humans ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
Think of mice with sizable pieces of genetic code that originated from the human genome, used in cancer and pharmaceutical research, or pigs with a human heart, that are grown for medical applications. (demul.nl)

But what is not getting such wide reporting is the use of pluripotent stem cells (as well as many other types of cells and genetic engineering techniques) for reproductive purposes . (lifeissues.net)
Scientists have used cloning technology to transform human skin cells into embryonic stem cells, an experiment that may revive the controversy over human cloning. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
But they showed, for the first time, that it is possible to create cloned embryonic stem cells that are genetically identical to the person from whom they are derived. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The cloning breakthrough is instead being spun as skin cells into stem cells! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
US researchers have reported a breakthrough in stem cell research, describing how they have turned human skin cells into embryonic stem cells for the first time. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The team at OHSU [Oregon Health and Science University], which disclosed its work in a paper published online by Cell, created embryonic stem cells by replacing the nucleus in an unfertilized human egg with the nucleus from a skin cell, then harvesting the resulting stem cells. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
However, following the successful derivation of human embryonic stem cells in 1998, the debate over human cloning largely shifted to the question of whether it is acceptable for scientists to create human embryos only to destroy them. (thenewatlantis.com)
The subsequent discovery of promising alternative techniques for generating stem cells without creating or destroying embryos seemed to show that scientific progress would obviate the demand for cloning. (thenewatlantis.com)
But cloning research continued, and American scientists announced in 2013 that they had for the first time successfully obtained stem cells from cloned human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
While they succeeded in obtaining cloned macaques, the numbers are too low to make many conclusions, except that it remains a very inefficient and hazardous procedure,' said Robin Lovell-Badge, an embryologist and head of the Division of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics at the Francis Crick Institute. (cmaaa.co.za)
In order to better appreciate the role of stem cell research in reproductive medicine, there is a need to understand the critical biological principles of stem cell research and its potential applications to medicine. (jcpa.org)
While there is a great deal published on the potential medical applications of stem cell research to treat or cure diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and heart disease, much less has been published on the future impact of stem cell research in reproductive medicine. (jcpa.org)
Stem cell research is, in part, a quest to understand cellular differentiation, the process by which a human being develops from one fertilized cell into a multicellular organism composed of over 200 different cell types - for example muscle, nerve, blood cell, or kidney. (jcpa.org)
Contrary to popular belief, stem cells are present in the human body throughout life and are found in many adult organs. (jcpa.org)
however, there are also stem cells in the adult body. (thefutureofthings.com)
These adult stem cells are considered multipotent, having the ability to differentiate into different cell types, albeit with a more limited repertoire than embryonic stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
The ability of our body to regenerate some of its tissues is largely owed to the reserves of adult stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Adult stem cells can be used to accelerate bone or tendon healing , and they can induce cartilage progenitor cells to produce a better matrix and repair cartilage damage . (thefutureofthings.com)
In rodents, and even in some preliminary trials in humans, human embryonic stem cells have been shown to bridge gaps in spinal cord injuries , allowing restoration of motor functions. (thefutureofthings.com)
Adult stem cells can be used to replace damaged heart-muscle cells and are used in practice today . (thefutureofthings.com)
The most common application of adult stem cells is probably the restoration of blood cells for patients with leukemia, and there are many more applications currently in practice. (thefutureofthings.com)
He is the co-author of the book The Natural Limits to Biological Change , served as general editor of Creation, Evolution and Modern Science , co-author of Basic Questions on Genetics, Stem Cell Research and Cloning (The BioBasics Series) , and has published numerous journal articles. (probe.org)
Some forms of stem cell research such as the use of cells from adults or cord blood, are not controversial. (cmq.org.uk)
Stem cells from cord blood or adult tissues do not give rise to the same moral considerations as those derived from embryos or cloned embryos or aborted foetuses. (cmq.org.uk)
Researchers reported in Nature on November 22, 2007, that they successfully isolated 2 embryonic stem cell lines from cloned embryos made using cells from the skin of an adult rhesus macaque. (nih.gov)
The unique properties of human stem cells have aroused considerable optimism about their potential as new pathways for alleviating human suffering caused by disease and injury. (edu.au)
Stem cells may be derived from adult tissues but the most potent are extracted from developing human embryos. (edu.au)
This issue was considered by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs in its report entitled Human Cloning: Scientific, Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Human Cloning and Stem Cell Research (hereafter the Andrews Report , after the Chair of the Committee, Mr Kevin Andrews, MP) released in September 2001. (edu.au)
Stem cell technology in humans derives from earlier and complementary work in animal studies. (edu.au)
The bill purports to promote stem-cell research, while outlawing the cloning of a human being. (cbc-network.org)
While stem-cell research holds enormous potential for treating or even curing some diseases, the cloning of a human being is morally and ethically unacceptable…Any attempt to clone a human being is in direct conflict with the public policies of this state. (cbc-network.org)
It is the policy of Washington state that research involving the derivation and use of human embryonic stem cells, human embryonic germ cells, and human adult stem cells from any source, including somatic cell nuclear transplantation , is permitted upon full consideration of the ethical and medical implications of this research. (cbc-network.org)
A closeup of a microscope slide taken in 2000 at the Reproductive Genetics Institute's Chicago laboratory shows transplanted stem cells taken from the umbilical cord blood of a baby named Adam Nash. (cnn.com)
Above, a human stem cell colony, which is no more than 1 millimeter wide and comprises thousands of individual stem cells, grows on mouse embryonic fibroblast in a research laboratory in September 2001. (cnn.com)
In November 2010, William Caldwell, CEO of Advanced Cell Technology, said the FDA had granted approval for his company to start a clinical trial using cells grown from human embryonic stem cells. (cnn.com)
Above, dozens of packages containing frozen embryonic stem cells remain in liquid nitrogen in a laboratory at the University of Sao Paulo's human genome research center in Sao Paulo, Brazil, in March 2008. (cnn.com)
When the nucleus of a stem cell has been the technique of cloning. (who.int)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)
The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)
However, it appears that the ability of the In its simplest form, cloning is defined stem cells to transform is limited, except as the exact replication of cells. (who.int)

The ICM continues to differentiate into three germ layers-ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, each of which follows a specific developmental destiny that takes them along an ever-specifying path at which end the daughter cells will make up the different organs of the human body. (thefutureofthings.com)
Continued development of new biotechnologies also will allow farm animals to serve as sources of both biopharmaceuticals for human medicine and organs for transplantation. (nationalacademies.org)
Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of M. haemolytica serotype A2 and its LPS endotoxin on the responses of female gonadal hormones (progesterone and oestrogen), pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6), acute-phase proteins (haptoglobin and serum amyloid A) and cellular changes via histopathology study of female reproductive organs of the treatment does. (bvsalud.org)
Histopathologically, all reproductive organs (except the cervix and vagina) from both challenged groups displayed significant cellular alterations (p (bvsalud.org)

A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
Nor do only the cells of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst become the later adult and none of the cells from the inner cell mass become part of the placenta, umbilical cord, etc. (lifeissues.net)

This technique is surrounded by strong ethical concerns and is considered a threat to human dignity. (who.int)
The report offers an ethical and policy analysis, articulating what makes cloning morally repugnant and calling for the practice to be definitively prohibited in the United States. (thenewatlantis.com)
The Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dolly's birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. (bartleby.com)
Several authors have attempted to outline some of the ethical objections to cloning while at the same time minimizing the role religion plays in this debate. (bartleby.com)
There is no doubt that many problems involving the technological and ethical sides of this issue will arise and will be virtually impossible to avoid, but the overall idea of cloning humans is one that we should accept as a possible reality for the future. (benjaminbarber.org)
The main issue as to whether or not human cloning is possible through the splitting of embryos began in 1993 when experimentation was done at George Washington University Medical Center in Washington D. C. There Dr. Jerry Hall experimented with the possibility of human cloning and began this moral and ethical debate. (benjaminbarber.org)
Shannon Brownlee of U. S. News & World Report writes, "Hall and other scientists split single humans embryos into identical copies, a technology that opens a Pandora's box of ethical questions and has sparked a storm of controversy around the world" (24). (benjaminbarber.org)
Although we cannot clone a human yet, this experiment occurred almost two years ago and triggered almost an ethical emergency. (benjaminbarber.org)
The birth of these clones also brings up ethical issues. (cmaaa.co.za)
Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press announced the release of Genetic Counseling: Clinical Practice and Ethical Considerations, available on its website in Hardcover and Paperback formats. (cshlpress.com)
Cloning technology, however, is perceived as having the potential for reproductive cloning, which raises serious ethical and moral concerns. (who.int)

Dolly's creation triggered fears of human reproductive cloning, or producing genetic copies of living or dead people, but mainstream scientists have ruled this out as far too dangerous. (cyprus-mail.com)
The method described on Wednesday by Oregon State University scientists in the journal Cell, would not likely be able to create human clones, said Shoukhrat Mitalipov, senior scientist at the Oregon National Primate Research Center. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The scientists at the Roslin Institute solved this problem by growing sheep udder cells under starvation conditions. (cshl.edu)
The scientists have taken cells from Cumulina to make more clones. (cshl.edu)
These scientists experimented eagerly in aims of learning how to clone human. (benjaminbarber.org)
Common answers to the puzzling questions about humans and cloning are still trying to be answered today, and scientists and the public are eager to learn all they can about cloning. (benjaminbarber.org)
What would happen if scientists ever figure out how to clone people? (snexplores.org)
Scientists who study cloning envision a limitless supply of disease-resistant livestock, record-setting racehorses, and animals of species that would otherwise have gone extinct. (snexplores.org)
Scientists in 1999 created Tetra, a rhesus monkey, but used what researchers consider a simpler cloning method that produces a more limited number of off spring. (cmaaa.co.za)
Speed while performing the procedure helped, they learned, and scientists discovered clones created out of cells from fetal tissue did better than when they used adult cells. (cmaaa.co.za)
With this birth, these scientists have broken a barrier and that means the technique could, in theory, be applied to humans. (cmaaa.co.za)

In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
Simply put, clones are organisms that have identical genetic material. (cshl.edu)
Using these three types of cloning, biological species including cells, organisms, and genetics have all recently been successfully cloned. (mabuty.com)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)

Although the simple use of the word 'clone' may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. (bartleby.com)
In this fashion, mice or other laboratory animals that exhibit particular traits can be created for specialized studies, or herds of farm animals (such as goats, sheep or cows) can be created that produce pharmaceutically useful proteins in their milk. (who.int)
cows have also been cloned using ovary and cumulus cells with the same method that was used to clone Dolly. (cshl.edu)

Eve was delivered by Caesarian section from her twin sister (the woman who donated the nuclear genetic material from which she was cloned also served as the surrogate mother). (probe.org)

For each clone, the Roslin researchers combine material from two sources. (newscientist.com)
Next, the researchers take cells containing donor genetic material. (newscientist.com)
The researchers stopped well short of creating a human clone. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Numerous biological components, including genes, cells, tissues, and even complete creatures like sheep, have been cloned by researchers, and now cat, dog and equine cloning is widely and reliably available via international companies such as our partner, ViaGen Pets & Equine. (geminigenetics.com)
As researchers continue to refine their techniques and clone even more animals, some people are worried. (snexplores.org)
The researchers remove the egg's nucleus -- the part of the cell that contains most of its genetic information-- and replace it with the nucleus from another cell. (cmaaa.co.za)
Two other independent researchers, Severino Antinori (an Italian working in an undisclosed Muslim country) and Panos Zavos (from Lexington, Kentucky) have also been hinting at human cloning success and suggesting that a birth will be announced soon. (probe.org)
This incredibly high 50% success rate for human cloning leaves most researchers believing that either this isn't really a clone or they simply aren't revealing all the other failures. (probe.org)

The real experts to ask about the accurate scientific facts of human embryology are the scientific experts in human embryology who are academically credentialed Ph.D. human embryologists - not the "experts" in cell biology, genetics, doctors, nurses, theologians, lawyers or politicians, secretaries, news journalists, etc. (lifeissues.net)
After that process, the recombinant GENETICS and the remaining plasmid will probably be replicated, allowing the gene to clone. (mabuty.com)
Genetic diversity has traditionally been accessed from pedigree, however, with the advances in molecular genetics new opportunities have emerged. (scirp.org)

A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
It has recently also come to mean a member of such a group and, in particular, an organism that is a genetic copy of another organism. (who.int)
This is the most known form of cloning and involves creating a genetically identical replica of a whole organism. (geminigenetics.com)
The process of reproductive cloning involves the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell from a donor organism to be cloned being transferred into an egg cell whose nucleus (genetic material) has been removed. (geminigenetics.com)
At that point - and this is important to understand - there is no more cloning to be done since a new human organism now exists. (cbc-network.org)
Or to put it the other way around, cloning, not implantation, is what produces a new and distinct human organism. (cbc-network.org)

Gene cloning refers to the identification and duplication of a single gene or a DNA segment, for the intention of investigating its function or creating a particular protein. (geminigenetics.com)
DNA Cloning and Gene Cloning (Recombinant DNA Technology) exclusively copies genes or DNA segments to execute the cloning. (mabuty.com)
Gene cloning begins with all the insertion of a gene. (mabuty.com)

He led efforts to develop cloning, or nuclear transfer, techniques that could be used to make genetically modified sheep. (cyprus-mail.com)
More than 100 nuclear transfer procedures could be required to produce one viable clone. (wikiquote.org)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
The advent of techniques to propagate animals by nuclear transfer, also known as cloning, potentially offers many important applications to animal agriculture, including reproducing highly desired elite sires and dams. (nationalacademies.org)

The pace of scientific development has been directly promoted by substantial increases in OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) government funding for genetic and biotechnological research. (edu.au)

A type of cloning that occurs naturally is when identical twins are born ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
many are "totipotent" (as the abject fact of naturally occurring human identical twins makes clear). (lifeissues.net)
There are also naturally occurring clones among animal populations. (geminigenetics.com)
As well as their distinctive white markings and long curved horns, these cattle are special because they are now considered a herd of naturally occurring clones. (geminigenetics.com)

Particularly valuable animals could be cloned from adult cells without the uncertainties of crossing them with other animals or tinkering with embryos. (newscientist.com)
Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
This kind of cloning is today being performed at several scientific labs in the United States, despite the availability of alternative techniques that produce cells of nearly the same scientific and medical value but that require neither the creation nor destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
For humans, we know there are 46 chromosomes in body cells existing as 23 pairs. (learner.org)
Although each of these cells has the same genetic material, each cell can only access the genes needed for its particular function. (cshl.edu)
For instance, in a sheep, udder cells could generate other udder cells, but not an entire sheep. (cshl.edu)
These fused egg cells were then inserted into several different sheep. (cshl.edu)
She is a clone of these udder cells. (cshl.edu)
They cloned mice using cumulus cells, a cell type found in the ovaries. (cshl.edu)
First, the cells used to clone the mice were not grown in culture, but instead were used immediately. (cshl.edu)
The second method of cloning a human involves taking cells from an already existing human being and cloning them, in turn creating other individuals that are identical to that particular person. (benjaminbarber.org)
They attempted to create seventeen human embryos in a laboratory dish and when it had grown enough, separated them into forty-eight individual cells. (benjaminbarber.org)
Two of the separated cells survived for a few days in the lab developed into new human embryos smaller than the head of a pin and consisting of thirty-two cells each (Brownlee 24). (benjaminbarber.org)
Similarly, when the fertilized egg divides from two cells into four cells, each of these four cells has the potential to individually form a human fetus. (jcpa.org)
In particular, the efficiency of the process will have to be improved before the technique could be applied in the clinic using human cells. (nih.gov)
S. suis ST-7 expressed the proposed virulence markers muramidase-released protein (MRP), extracellular protein factor (EF), and hemolysin (named suilysin) ( 9 - 11 ) and was markedly more cytototoxic to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) than a representative ST-1 strain. (cdc.gov)
This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)

Genetic counselors inform patients about the potential for inherited diseases passed on through family lineages and help to navigate the options available. (asu.edu)
In this era of unprecedented growth in aquaculture and trade, aquatic parasite cultures are essential to better understand emerging diseases and their impli- cations for human and animal health. (ap24534inhibitor.com)

some carry genes that will produce usable human drugs. (cshl.edu)
You are taking out all the randomness," says reproductive physiologist Mark Westhusin, "by selecting a specific combination of genes to get what you want. (snexplores.org)
Consequently, conservation of farm animal breeds had been for several reasons, for example, to retain potentially useful genes and gene combinations such as the Booroola fecundity gene in sheep [10], the exploitation of heterosis, and to overcome selection plateaus, in addition to cultural motivations, research, and food security. (scirp.org)
The application of genomics-the study of how the genes in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are organized and expressed-and bioinformatics in animal agriculture will provide new genetic markers for improved selection for desired traits in all livestock species. (nationalacademies.org)
The wild plant species adapted to the Mongolian grassland environment may allow us to explore useful genes, as a source of unique genetic codes for crop improvement. (frontiersin.org)
QTLs and candidate genes detected in our study for yield-related traits under stripe rust stress will facilitate elucidating genetic basis of yield-related trait and could be used in marker-assisted selection in wheat yield breeding. (biomedcentral.com)

Humans and other mammals may produce natural clones, commonly referred to as identical twins. (geminigenetics.com)
When a couple has identical twins (or identical triplets, etc.), the children are clones of one another. (cshl.edu)
Clones, like identical twins, are exact genetic copies of each other. (snexplores.org)

The word "cloning" refers to a variety of procedures that may be used to create biological copies that are genetically identical to the original. (geminigenetics.com)
Molecular cloning refers to the production of multiple copies of a DNA fragment or gene. (geminigenetics.com)

It is quite possible that the advances in human biology in the remainder of the twentieth century will be remembered as the most significant scientific achievement of the animal species known as Homo sapiens . (lifeissues.net)
about 35 nematode species occur in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Most natural cloning occurs in those species that produce their descendants asexually, that is, without combining the male and female genetic material. (who.int)
Since the beginning of this century, the loss of genetic diversity within this species has been a major concern as this could have serious consequences on the ability of this species to respond to future production constraints. (scirp.org)

WHA50.37, which states "the use of cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)

Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)
Cloning-to-produce-children could also be used to attempt to control the physical and even psychological traits of children, extending the eugenic logic of those who would use reproductive biotechnology to have the perfect child. (thenewatlantis.com)
Detailed descriptions of methods used in animal cloning and biotechnology are provided in the report Animal Biotechnology: Science-Based Concerns (NRC, 2002). (nationalacademies.org)
Application of recombinant bST is a biotechnology in which a recombinant-derived protein is administered by injection to the recipient animal without changing the animal's genetic composition or genome. (nationalacademies.org)
Because human-animal combinations are among us again, and this time not as creations of mythological imagination, but as products of contemporary biotechnology, such as cybrids and chimeras. (demul.nl)

However, the idea of cloning humans is a highly charged topic. (bartleby.com)

General Assembly the adoption of a declaration on human cloning by which Member States were called upon to prohibit all forms of human cloning inasmuch as they are incompatible with human dignity and the protection of human life. (who.int)

Professor Sinclair said: "Keith was a giant in the field of reproductive biology. (nottingham.ac.uk)
The junk biology is flying in the media's descriptions of the now accomplished human cloning. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
On closer inspection, the mythological human-animal combinations appear to contain more truth on this point than nineteenth-century biology, which was strongly driven by a separative cosmology, which still haunts common sense conceptions of life today. (demul.nl)

Considered contrary to the moral law, since (it is in) opposition to the dignity both of human procreation and of the conjugal union. (wikiquote.org)
Not only would cloning-to-produce-children be a dangerous experimental procedure, one that cannot be consented to by its subjects (the children created by it), it is also a profound distortion of the moral meaning of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
Human dignity is a frequent and very important theme in religious moral perspectives and one of the most emphasized themes in the Holy Qur'ān. (freeislamicwill.com)

Asexual reproduction is a natural method used by certain plants, bacteria, and single-celled creatures to create genetically identical offspring, i.e. clones. (geminigenetics.com)
The second way to reproduce is a strictly human invention - known as "asexual" reproduction - or more commonly, cloning. (cbc-network.org)

A laboratory in Hawaii run by Dr. Ryuzo Yanagimachi was the second group to successfully clone an animal from an adult cell. (cshl.edu)
They have successfully made several generations of clones and all mice seem normal. (cshl.edu)

If the same could be achieved in humans, it would mean that each of us could have clones of ourselves made from our own tissue. (newscientist.com)
But if, as seems likely, the Roslin team has succeeded in making an entire animal from adult tissue, it might be possible to do the same for humans. (newscientist.com)

There he continued his research on the cloning and genetic modification of livestock. (nottingham.ac.uk)

However the legislation was drafted in terms of the scientific data of the time and had not anticipated that cloning would be undertaken using an unfertilised ovum. (cmq.org.uk)
The Government has now used a legal loophole to allow cloning, relying on the 'defective' legal definition in that the technique (as in 'Dolly') used an unfertilised ovum. (cmq.org.uk)
Reproductive cloning versus germ cell (egg, ovum). (who.int)

Cloning can in fact occur as a natural phenomenon. (geminigenetics.com)
As part of its charge, the committee was asked to prepare a subreport evaluating methods for detecting potential unintended compositional changes across the spectrum of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), proteins, metabolites and nutrients that may occur in food derived from cloned animals that have not been genetically modified via genetic engineering methods. (nationalacademies.org)
For example, genetic modification of animals may lead to technologies that reduce the major losses that occur during the first months of embryogenesis. (nationalacademies.org)

Last year they used the same reproductive technology to create the world's first cloned lambs (Nature, vol 380, p 64). (newscientist.com)

This involved taking a sheep egg, removing its DNA and replacing it with DNA from a frozen udder cell of a sheep that died years before. (cyprus-mail.com)
She is not the result of mating between a ewe and a ram but was cloned from a single cell taken from the udder of a six-year-old ewe. (newscientist.com)
The difference with Dolly is that all her DNA originated in a cell from the udder of an adult sheep. (newscientist.com)
And Jonathan Slack, an embryologist at the University of Bath, says that it is dangerous to base big ideas on a single case of a lamb raised from an adult ewe cell. (newscientist.com)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
The DNA within the skin sample is cultured and inserted into a donor egg cell whose nucleus (genetic material) has been removed. (geminigenetics.com)
The surrogate mum carries the cloned pet for the gestation period and once ready, gives birth to the clone who will be an identical genetic twin to the original pet whose skin sample was used to make the nucleus of the donor egg cell. (geminigenetics.com)
An egg cell was taken from another sheep. (cshl.edu)
The nucleus (which contains the genetic material) was removed from the egg cell using a very fine needle. (cshl.edu)
Although the egg cell came from a black-faced sheep, notice that the nucleus with the genetic material came from the white-faced sheep. (cshl.edu)
The egg cell now had the same genetic information as the nucleus donor mouse. (cshl.edu)
Science, supported by the human genome project has already shown that many of the basic 'cell control' processes are common across a wide range within both animal and plant kingdoms. (cmq.org.uk)
Cloning entails taking the nucleus - the compartment that contains the DNA - from an adult cell and putting it into an egg from which the original nucleus has been removed. (nih.gov)
Cloning is as much an art as it is a science," said Robert Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts. (exposingsatanism.org)

your supposed cloning ban actually authorizes human cloning, implantation, and gestation through the ninth month. (cbc-network.org)

It is, however, important to distinguish the use of bST from other biotechnologies, such as transgenic or cloned animals. (nationalacademies.org)

Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)

5. Most countries in the African Region have no specific regulations and policies governing genetic manipulations for assisted conception, treatment and research. (who.int)
Although the latest scientific work related to cloning has been focused on potential medical applications, much of that research is relevant to the creation of cloned children. (thenewatlantis.com)
Cloning-for-biomedical-research is also profoundly unethical, as it turns human reproduction into a manufacturing process in the most literal sense: human embryos are created to serve as raw materials for the production of biomedical research supplies. (thenewatlantis.com)
Cloning-for-biomedical-research also endangers the health and safety of the women called on to undergo dangerous hormone treatments to serve as egg donors. (thenewatlantis.com)
If research cloning is not stopped now, we face the prospect of the mass farming of human embryos and fetuses, and the transformation of the noble enterprise of biomedical research into a grotesque system of exploitation and death. (thenewatlantis.com)
With the way that cloning research is going, you might someday get your wish. (snexplores.org)
She is not affiliated with the new study, but is working on reproductive technology research involving buffalo. (cmaaa.co.za)
The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has contributed to women's reproductive health by fostering research, establishing standards for physicians specializing in obstetrics and gynecology, and influencing legislation. (asu.edu)
In 1966, his final year at Nottingham, he received a scholarship to conduct research for a summer under English biologist Ernest John Christopher Polge in the Unit of Reproductive Physiology and Biochemistry, then a division of the Agricultural Research Council at the University of Cambridge. (mathisfunforum.com)
Not only that, but poor Eve, who I believe is a full human being with a soul, will be a research subject all her life, however long that is. (probe.org)
Their work was supported by NIH's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and National Center for Research Resources (NCRR). (nih.gov)
One of the keys to the research team's success was that they used a newer, more precise technique for removing the egg's genetic material. (nih.gov)
Methods and Results We assessed the association between a self-reported family history of ODHBs and their risk in the adult population (age ≥20 years) of the AoU (All of Us) Research Program, a longitudinal cohort study of diverse participants across the United States. (cdc.gov)

1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)

Cloning raises a variety of issues. (snexplores.org)

and the general public debate about reproductive cloning. (edu.au)

With the iconic Human Genome Project (1990-2003) - characterized by scientific director Francis Collins as "the most important and the most significant project that humankind has ever mounted" (Kolata 1993) - the primacy seems to have shifted definitively to the life sciences, both in terms of funding and possible impact. (demul.nl)

These two are not the first primates to be cloned. (cmaaa.co.za)

The right to have children is understood in very different ways and people's ethics and values are put to the test each and everyday when they find out they not only must take care of themselves but the lives of another human being. (bartleby.com)

More than 90% of cloning attempts fail to produce viable offspring. (wikiquote.org)
Few cloning attempts are successful. (snexplores.org)

Caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a member of the genus lentivirus causing caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE), a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the lungs, joints, udder and central nervous system of small ruminants such as sheep and goats. (bvsalud.org)

Kisspeptin attracts particular attention, since previous reports have shown that the lack of kisspeptin receptors gene, GPR54 , in both mice and humans, or of the ligand gene ( Kiss1 ) in mice results in reproductive dysfunctions. (frontiersin.org)

In addition to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. (wikiquote.org)
Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)
On e of the wardens protecting these animals in Chillingham Cattle Park, Denene Crossley, states how "being isolated, they've managed to essentially purify their gene pool, to the point where they're natural clones of each other. (geminigenetics.com)
Since the world said hello to Dolly, several other animals have also been cloned. (cshl.edu)
The 2nd type of cloning is reproductive cloning, which can be how pets or animals are cloned. (mabuty.com)
After complete development as well as the birth, it is obvious why these animals have a similar genetic make-up from the subscriber and new clone. (mabuty.com)
The United States government recently decided that it's safe to drink milk and eat meat that comes from cloned animals. (snexplores.org)
So far, cloned animals haven't fared well, critics say. (snexplores.org)
To understand how cloning works, it helps to know how animals normally reproduce. (snexplores.org)
In his undergraduate studies, Wilmut initially pursued his lifelong interest in farming, particularly in raising animals such as sheep. (mathisfunforum.com)
The continuous increase in the human population coupled with rising incomes and urbanization necessitates the need to conserve the genetic potential of animals to avoid or lower the consequences of biodiversity loss. (scirp.org)
In addition, the committee was charged with evaluating methods to detect potential, unintended, adverse health effects of foods derived from cloned animals. (nationalacademies.org)
Previous investigations have revealed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin from certain Gram-negative bacteria could adversely affect the reproductive system of female animals. (bvsalud.org)

A story in News.Com.Au-which runs stories from several Australian newspapers celebrates the cloning breakthrough because it means no embryos are used in the process! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
This process allows people to clone living things of any sort. (bartleby.com)
Pet cloning is the process where a genetically identical twin is created of your original animal companion. (geminigenetics.com)
Based on all the discussion, it may sound like cloning, human or otherwise, is an easy process. (cshl.edu)
Find out what is actually involved in the cloning process by viewing our short animation. (cshl.edu)
Cloning embryos is different from the genetic process of in vitro fertilization, but still holds many similarities with it. (benjaminbarber.org)
The goal of cloning is to take control of the reproductive process. (snexplores.org)
If it is to be brought to birth, the process is usually called "reproductive cloning. (cbc-network.org)

In reproductive : cloning, a skin cellular is thoroughly extracted via an animal. (mabuty.com)
Animal clones: Double trouble? (snexplores.org)
From agriculture to medicine to law, animal cloning to create genetic twins could change our lives. (snexplores.org)
The decision has inflamed arguments about human health, animal rights, and the difference between right and wrong. (snexplores.org)
We also examined criteria and strategies for the conservation of animal genetic resources. (scirp.org)
I have read articles and seen photographs of babies born with animal features, or worse yet, demonic looking creatures being born to humans. (exposingsatanism.org)
Who does not know the wonderful human-animal combinations in Greek mythology? (demul.nl)

Anatomy4

Organisms6

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs6

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes9

Information Science3

Health Care1

Embryo34

Therapeutic15

Mammal11

19976

Beings15

Creation of cloned human2

Dolly the S12

19964

SCNT10

Embryos for research1

Pigs7

Stem40

Organs4

Blastocyst2

Ethical11

Scientists11

Organisms5

Cows3

Surrogate mother1

Researchers8

Genetics3

Organism6

Gene Cloning3

Nuclear5

Biotechnological1

Naturally4

Cells18

Diseases2

Genes6

Identical twins3

Copies2

Species4

Ethically unacceptable1

Biotechnology5

Idea of clonin1

Prohibit1

Biology3

Moral3

Asexual reproduction2

Successfully2

Tissue2

Livestock1

Ovum3

Occur3

World's1

Cell14

Gestation1

Biotechnologies1

Donor1

Research13

Biological1

Raises1

Debate1

Genome Project1

Primates1

Ethics1

Attempts2

Udder1

Mice1

Animals13

Process8

Animal7