• The cGAS - STING pathway acts to detect cytosolic DNA and induce an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • The inclusion of both latent and lytic antigenic epitopes is intended to induce robust T-cell response targeting different phases of the viral life cycle. (news-medical.net)
  • The analysis of gp350-specific B cell response in immunized mice revealed that both Amphiphile-CpG and soluble CpG induce comparable numbers of antibody-secreting B cells in splenocytes. (news-medical.net)
  • The vaccine was safe and well tolerated, induced potent serum IgG & IgA responses waning post last vaccination, and low and intermittent mucosal IgG, but did not induce neutralizing activity neither in serum nor vaginal samples. (europa.eu)
  • We investigated the role of IL-6 on the ability of nine adjuvant formulations to induce antibody responses to the Plasmodium falciparum MSP1-19 malaria vaccine, using IL-6-/- (KO) mice. (nih.gov)
  • By targeting the most abundant glycoprotein expressed on the virus with the AMP-CpG adjuvant, in a mouse model mimicking human-specific immune responses to viral infection, we were able to induce neutralizing antibodies and strong T cell responses. (elicio.com)
  • Coupled with adjuvants such as poly(I:C), a potent agonist of the pattern-recognition receptors TLR3 and MDA5, SLPs may be administered cutaneously to induce T cell responses in the context of cancer, autoimmunity, and infectious diseases. (harvard.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest that second-generation influenza vaccines with higher hemagglutinin (HA) antigen content and/or different production methods may induce stronger antibody responses to HA than standard-dose egg-based influenza vaccines in adults. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSIONS: HD-IIV3 did not induce higher antibody responses than SD-IIV4, but, consistent with previous studies, RIV4 was associated with higher postvaccination antibody titers. (cdc.gov)
  • Subunit vaccines with well-defined antigens in combination with a suitable adjuvant offer the possibility to avoid these limitations and induce a strong T helper 1 (TH1) type immune response that has been associated with protection against MAP. (dtu.dk)
  • Indeed, the use of peptides for eliciting specific antitumor adaptive immunity is hindered by two main limitations: the efficient selection of the most optimal candidate peptides and the use of a highly immunogenic platform to combine with the peptides to induce effective tumor-specific adaptive immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
  • Adjuvants are generally used with soluble protein antigens to increase antibody titers and induce a prolonged response with accompanying memory. (wikidoc.org)
  • Most complex protein antigens induce multiple B-cell clones during the immune response, thus, the response is polyclonal. (wikidoc.org)
  • The significance of this observation is that in humans, but (and usually nickel sulfate) either failed to elicit a positive not in mice, Ni2+ can induce skin sensitization because it is able, For personal use only. (cdc.gov)
  • and vaccines that lack intrinsic activation of innate immunity (e.g., subunit vaccines) require microbial adjuvants to be immunogenic (17). (cdc.gov)
  • In this thesis, we show that the immunogenicity and protective capacity of influenza vaccines can be significantly potentiated by the incorporation of the adjuvant GPI-0100 in the vaccine. (rug.nl)
  • In mice, influenza vaccines containing GPI-0100 elicit significantly improved immune responses of higher magnitude and better quality, when compared to those induced by the same vaccines without GPI-0100. (rug.nl)
  • Importantly, substantial protection of the lungs can be achieved by vaccination with GPI-0100-containing influenza vaccines at an extremely low antigen dose. (rug.nl)
  • Vaccines offer the potential to prime a pathogen-specific immune response and subsequently reduce disease burden. (smw.ch)
  • Las immunogens has shown a major difficulty in preparing vaccines due to the weak immunogenicity of such antigens. (sld.cu)
  • Several substances have been tested as adjuvant to render vaccines more effective. (sld.cu)
  • For a considerable time, aluminium compounds were one of the few adjuvants licensed for use in human vaccines (2, 3). (sld.cu)
  • The enhanced effect of vaccines in water-oil emulsion is believed to derive from the gradual and continuous release of antigen to stimulate antibody production, the vehicle for transport of the antigen throughout the lymphatic system and the stimulus for the accumulation of immunologically important cells (4). (sld.cu)
  • The new generation of whole-cell vaccines is based on an unencapsulated serotype that allows the expression of many bacterial antigens at a lower cost than a recombinant vaccine. (mdpi.com)
  • Vaccines against EBV have historically been difficult to develop because of the associated viral latency, persistence and immune modulation properties which enable it to evade effective antibody targeting," said Lisa McNeil, Ph.D., Head of Translational Medicine at Elicio Therapeutics. (elicio.com)
  • Understanding how SLP vaccines mediate a therapeutic response could inform future efforts to develop more efficacious immunotherapies. (harvard.edu)
  • These findings help elucidate the acute timeline of response to peptide vaccination and may support further translational vaccine development efforts, particular in the context of tumor vaccines. (harvard.edu)
  • We optimized the formulations and delivery of DNA vaccines using molecular adjuvants, liposomes, nanoparticle formulations and electroporation. (cancer.gov)
  • Medicago says its clinical trial data in developing an influenza vaccine, which is now being reviewed for approval by Health Canada, along with its research into an H1N1 vaccine, shows that "VLPs have a multi-modal mechanism of action that is different from that of inactivated vaccines, activating both arms of the immune system - antibody and cell-mediated responses. (ctvnews.ca)
  • These findings suggest that recombinant vaccines rather than vaccines with higher egg-based antigen doses may provide improved antibody responses in highly vaccinated populations. (cdc.gov)
  • The adjuvant function of fucoidan is going to be potentially helpful for tumor vaccines.Components and Methods Mice and cell linesC57BL/6 mice (6 weeks old) were purchased in the B K Laboratory Animal Corp (Shanghai). (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • The antigen composition of the vaccines was selected based on previous immunogenicity studies in cattle and experimental knowledge from in vitro and in vivo expression studies with M. tuberculosis proteins in mice (101). (dtu.dk)
  • The vaccines were used to investigate the influence of age on vaccine-induced T cell responses and measuring vaccine-induced protective efficacy after experimental challenge. (dtu.dk)
  • We created and tested multi-epitope DNA or protein vaccines with TLR4 ligand emulsion adjuvant (gluco glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant in a stable emulsion [GLA-SE]) for their ability to protect against Toxoplasma gondii in HLA transgenic mice. (jci.org)
  • These multi-epitope vaccines increased memory CD8+ T cells that produced IFN-γ and protected mice against parasite burden when challenged with T. gondii. (jci.org)
  • A few new adjuvants have been licensed for use in human vaccines since the 1990s. (tdl.org)
  • Building on the response to recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the R&D Blueprint has facilitated a coordinated and accelerated response to research into diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics for the novel disease. (who.int)
  • Our study indicates that co-expression of GP and VP40 antigens based on the SFV replicon vector generates EBOV VLPs in vitro , and vaccination with recombinant DREP vectors containing GP and VP40 antigens induces Ebola antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. (frontiersin.org)
  • Scientists from Australia and the USA have developed a lymph node-targeted multi-epitope subunit vaccine that induces strong humoral and cellular immune responses against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in mice. (news-medical.net)
  • The findings revealed that vaccination with Amphiphile-CpG adjuvant induces significantly higher viral antigen-specific cytokine-producing CD8+ T cells compared to vaccination with soluble CpG. (news-medical.net)
  • This induces the B- lymphocytes to produce IgG immunoglobulins specific for the antigen. (wikidoc.org)
  • In this study, scientists have developed a lymph node-targeting multi-epitope subunit vaccine against EVB and tested its efficacy in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-expressing mice. (news-medical.net)
  • This adjuvant was designed to increase lymph node delivery and accumulation of vaccine antigen and adjuvant. (news-medical.net)
  • The testing of lymph node accumulation of vaccine immunogens revealed that the Amphiphile-modified CpG DNA adjuvant is highly capable of increasing lymph node drainage and retention of immunogens, in addition to persistently inducing an acute inflammatory response in local and distal lymph nodes. (news-medical.net)
  • Data showed that vaccination with AMP-CpG combined with EBV gp350 and EBVpoly proteins delivered directly to the lymph nodes rapidly induced potent gp350-specific antibodies (IgG), EBV neutralizing antibody responses and EBV-specific T cell responses in HLA transgenic mice. (elicio.com)
  • These data reinforce what we've seen in previous studies with our AMP platform, demonstrating the potent and durable immune responses elicited by delivering a therapeutic payload direct to the lymph nodes, the control center of the immune system. (elicio.com)
  • AMP-CpG delivers adjuvant directly to lymph nodes, boosting the immune response to protein antigens. (elicio.com)
  • After showing that DCs were essential for the generation of T-cell responses in lymph nodes to an s.c. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Most adjuvants provide for an injection site, antigen depot which allows for a slow release of antigen into draining lymph nodes. (wikidoc.org)
  • Additionally, it is approved for adjuvant therapy in combination with trametinib for melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations and involvement of lymph node(s), following complete resection. (medscape.com)
  • Mice deficient in both B7-1 and B7-2 failed to generate antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2a responses and lacked germinal centers when immunized by a number of routes and even in the presence of complete Freund's adjuvant. (nih.gov)
  • Mice lacking only B7-1 or B7-2 mounted high-titer antigen-specific IgG responses when immunized in complete Freund's adjuvant, indicating that B7-1 and B7-2 can have overlapping, compensatory functions for IgG responses. (nih.gov)
  • In 1989, Charles Janeway Jr. dubbed the widespread use of Freund's adjuvant "the immunologist's dirty little secret" ( Janeway, 1989 ). (silverchair.com)
  • 20 yr later, the role of innate receptors in licensing adaptive responses is no longer a secret, but Freund's adjuvant remains dirty. (silverchair.com)
  • Freund's and BCG adjuvants contain hundreds of natural molecules, yet the particular components that mediate therapeutic effects have not been identified. (silverchair.com)
  • In situ immunization aims at generating antitumor immune responses through manipulating the tumor microenvironment. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This result indicates that immunization with BVX-0320 at two different dose levels of 3µg or 10µg stimulated immune system memory 'helper' T-cells as well as killer T cells. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • Immunization with OVA and fucoidan protects mice from challenge with B16-OVA tumor cells. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • On day 35 of immunization, the mice had been challenged s.c. with 16106 B16-OVA (melanoma) tumor cells. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • To circumvent this limitation, we screened mice engineered to carry eight MM lesions (NF-kappa B, KRAS, MYC, TP53, BCL2, cyclin D1, MMSET/NSD2 and c-MAF) combinatorially activated in B lymphocytes following T cell-driven immunization. (unav.edu)
  • Their capacity to elicit immune and protective responses was studied using immunization of HLA-A*11:01 transgenic mice. (jci.org)
  • The adjuvant effects of VSA-1 on improving vaccine efficacy after prime immunization were evident as shown by significantly higher levels of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titers and enhanced homologous protection compared to those by QS-21 and Alum adjuvants. (tdl.org)
  • These antibodies are typically produced by immunization of a suitable mammal , such as a mouse, rabbit or goat. (wikidoc.org)
  • The immune adjuvant effect of olive, soybean and corn oils in Swiss mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) plus aluminum hydroxide or emulsified in Marcol, soybean, olive or corn oils was evaluated through the OVA-specific antibodies determined by ELISA and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis. (sld.cu)
  • Recent data from the preclinical study, which began in September 2020 and was conducted by leading independent contract research organization ("CRO") Charles River Laboratories, Inc. under contract with BioVaxys, evaluated the anti-virus immune response elicited by BVX-0320 in a controlled murine model by measuring the development of antibodies to the protein that binds the virus to human cells. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • The characteristics of this response would include production of neutralizing antibodies, generation of a T-cell response, and avoidance of immune-enhanced disease4. (who.int)
  • Vaccination of BALB/c mice with DREP-GP, DREP-VP40, or DREP-GP+DREP-VP40 vectors, followed by immediate electroporation resulted in a mixed IgG subclass production, which recognized EBOV GP and/or VP40 proteins. (frontiersin.org)
  • This vaccination regimen also led to the generation of both Th1 and Th2 cellular immune responses in mice. (frontiersin.org)
  • Notably, vaccination with DREP-GP and DREP-VP40, which produces both GP and VP40 antigens, induced a significantly higher level of anti-GP IgG2a antibody and increased IFN-γ secreting CD8 + T-cell responses relative to vaccination with DREP-GP or DREP-VP40 vector alone. (frontiersin.org)
  • Researchers claim systemic vaccination with broad antigenic repertoire from normal prostate stimulates anticancer immune response but not autoimmunity. (genengnews.com)
  • They first tried a second vaccination comprising virally expressed immune-escape epitope libraries (IEELs) constructed using cDNA from the recurrent tumors of ASEL-treated mice. (genengnews.com)
  • Vaccination with AMP-CpG combined with EBV gp350 and EBVpoly proteins rapidly induced potent gp350-specific IgG and EBV neutralizing antibody responses in HLA transgenic mice. (elicio.com)
  • Therapeutic vaccination is a promising modality for inducing antigen-specific immune responses against cellular targets. (harvard.edu)
  • However, many aspects of the acute cellular response to peptide vaccination remain uninterrogated. (harvard.edu)
  • To characterize the acute cellular response to SLP vaccination in vivo, a mouse model of cutaneous vaccination using C57BL/6J mice and the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) was employed. (harvard.edu)
  • Furthermore, kinetics of the vaccine response by various immune cell subsets was determined by comparing samples at different timepoints after vaccination. (harvard.edu)
  • DNA vaccination has distinct advantages, including that it provides a broad priming of the immune system that may result in a robust and effective immune response. (cancer.gov)
  • We compared the humoral and cellular immune responses obtained after DNA vaccination to other vaccine modalities. (cancer.gov)
  • Vaccination using optimized strategies may increase response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in some tumors. (unav.edu)
  • To enhance vaccine potency and improve thus responses to ICI, we analyzed the gene expression profile of an immunosuppressive dendritic cell (DC) population induced during vaccination, with the goal of identifying druggable inhibitory mechanisms. (unav.edu)
  • Background Neoantigens, new immunogenic sequences arising from tumor mutations, have been associated with response to immunotherapy and are considered potential targets for vaccination. (unav.edu)
  • FET11 vaccination at 16 weeks of age induced significant immune response and conferred protective immunity characterized by a mean 1.1 log10 reduction in bacterial numbers in the gut tissues compared to control animals and was superior to a commercial whole-cell heat inactivated vaccine, Silirum® or FET11 vaccination at 2 weeks (Article 4). (dtu.dk)
  • There was an association between age of vaccination and induced immune responses. (dtu.dk)
  • Furthermore, no significant increase in the immune response was observed 8 weeks after second booster vaccination in MAP MSV-1 study (Article 1). (dtu.dk)
  • However, decreased immune responses after one year period in MAP MSV-2 experiment, warrants the use of a booster vaccination. (dtu.dk)
  • Thus enhanced antigenspecific immune response with anti-CD28/CD49d costimulation could be suitable for characterizing vaccination or infection-mediated responses, while rIL-12 with a more TH1 biased potentiation of antigen-specific IFN-γ production warrants its use for diagnostic purposes. (dtu.dk)
  • Crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune responses to infectious bronchitis virus after vaccination and challenge of chickens varying in serum mannose-binding lectin concentrations. (southernbiotech.com)
  • Here, we investigated the adjuvant effects of VSA-1, a newly developed semisynthetic analog of QS-21, on promoting protection in mice after vaccination with the inactivated split virus vaccine. (tdl.org)
  • The adjuvant effects of VSA-1 on enhancing heterosubtypic protection after two doses of adjuvanted vaccination were comparable to those of QS-21. (tdl.org)
  • Overall, the findings in this study suggest that VSA-1 exhibits desirable adjuvant properties and a unique pattern of innate and adaptive immune responses, contributing to improved homologous and heterosubtypic protection by inactivated split influenza vaccination in mice. (tdl.org)
  • In addition, combinations of different immunogens and novel adjuvants are being tested. (aerzteblatt.de)
  • Usually this obstacle has been overcome through the use of adjuvants whose study has been revealed as an attractive approach for enhancing immune responses, mainly when the immunogens are purified subunit antigens (1). (sld.cu)
  • Such antigens by themselves are generally poor immunogens. (wikidoc.org)
  • We tested different adjuvants for their compatibility with DNA vaccine protocols and developed shortened protocols able to produce a strong humoral immune response. (cancer.gov)
  • In conclusion, our final results offer evidence that the fucoidan developed by Fucus vesiculosus is really a novel adjuvant, which can stimulate DC maturation, CTL activation, Th1 H2 Receptor Agonist web immune responses, antigen particular antibody production and memory T cell generation. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • In mice, this three-step therapy induced CD4- and CD8-dependent systemic immune responses that enhanced T-cell infiltration into distant tumors, leading to their eradication and significantly improving survival. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Researchers have developed a virus-based vaccine expressing a broad spectrum of undefined antigens from normal human prostate tissue that they claim completely eradicates established mouse prostate tumors in experimental animals. (genengnews.com)
  • Effective cancer immuno- and virotherapies are hindered by a lack of identified tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), poor coverage of the antigenic repertoire expressed by tumors, and difficulties associated with targeting vectors to tumors in vivo , explains Dr. Vile, together with co-lead author Alan Melcher, at the U.K. Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research U.K. Clinical Center, and colleagues. (genengnews.com)
  • The team's previous work had already shown that killing normal cells in situ using the adjuvant hsp70 generated T cell responses to antigens that mediated rejection of tumors of the same histological type. (genengnews.com)
  • They then went on to test the virus-expressed human cDNA library in mice with established prostate tumors. (genengnews.com)
  • Intravenous injection generated a prostate-specific T H 17 response and led to the CD4+ T cell-mediated cure of established tumors, without generating an IFN-γ response. (genengnews.com)
  • Nine intravenous injections of ASEL were sufficient to cure over 80% of mice with the prostate tumors, with no detectable autoim-mune prostatitis. (genengnews.com)
  • In addition, recurrent tumors expressed genes associated with an epithelial-to-mesenchymal-type transition, and had lost, or at least reduced, expression of mouse homologs of the human RNAs encoding prostate-specific antigens in the ASEL. (genengnews.com)
  • Injection of BCG into the bladder mediates regression of transitional cell carcinomas by stimulating a vigorous local immune response, bathing tumors in cytokines and activated immune cells ( Brandau and Suttmann, 2007 ). (silverchair.com)
  • Anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is a humanized antibody that overcomes CTLA-4-mediated T-cell suppression to enhance the immune response against tumors. (medscape.com)
  • The factors responsible for response to tamoxifen in 5% to 10% of patients with ERa-negative tumors are not clear. (lu.se)
  • ExperimentalDesign: We investigated ERh by immunohistochemistry in 353 stage II primary breast tumors from patients treated with 2 years adjuvant tamoxifen, and generated gene expres- sion profiles for a representative subset of 88 tumors. (lu.se)
  • Requests for reprints: Sofia K. Gruvberger-Saal, Institute for Cancer Genetics, tumors in the adjuvant or metastatic setting. (lu.se)
  • C57BL/6 mice have been immunized with PBS, OVA, fucoidan or OVA + fucoidan on days 0, 15 and 30. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • plosone.orgFucoidan Functions as an Adjuvant In Vivotransgenic mice and C57BL/6-Ly5.1 (CD45.1) congenic mice were obtained from Shanghai Public Wellness Clinical Center, and kept below pathogen-free conditions. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • In several instances, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and myocarditis, the autoimmune disease can be induced experimentally by administering self-antigen in the presence of adjuvant (col- lagen, myelin basic protein, and cardiac myosin, respec- tively) (3). (cdc.gov)
  • The team cloned a cDNA library from normal human prostate, which they termed altered self antigen and epitope library (ASEL) into VSV, and systemically injected the antigen-expressing vector into normal experimental mice. (genengnews.com)
  • Following two injections of BVX-0320 together with the immunological adjuvant, QS21, to 28 mice at four dosage levels, 96.4% developed positive antibody responses detected at week 6. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • The aim of the study was to identify proteins from different stages of infection and formulate them into a multi-stage subunit vaccine with activation of protective immune response in experimentally challenged calves, with a focus on cell-mediated immune responses chiefly interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and polyfunctional T cells. (dtu.dk)
  • Here, we recovered transcriptome and immune repertoire information for polyclonal T follicular helper cells following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, CD8+ T cells with binding specificity restricted to two distinct LCMV peptides, and B and T cells isolated from the nervous system in the context of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. (nature.com)
  • In particular, MHC-restricted target epitopes formulated into synthetic long peptides (SLPs) are an effective format for delivering vaccine antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). (harvard.edu)
  • In the search for an optimal vaccine formulation for human use we have conducted pre-clinical studies in mice, monkeys, and clinical trials in malaria-naive volunteers, and we performed a new series of studies to assess the security and immunogenicity of a combination of the three peptides formulated either in Montanide ISA 720 or in Montanide ISA 51. (likemap.me)
  • The primary objective was to assess in malaria-naive adults, the security and reactogenicity of these peptides formulated in the two adjuvants. (likemap.me)
  • C ) Multi-epitope proteins with GLA-SE are captured by the Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and the peptides contained are presented by MHC molecules on the APCs to T lymphocytes in both a class I and a class II pathway. (jci.org)
  • Besides the isolation and identification of major histocompatibility complex I-restricted peptides from the surface of cancer cells, one of the challenges is eliciting an effective antitumor CD8+ T-cell-mediated response as part of therapeutic cancer vaccine. (elifesciences.org)
  • These peptides were then tested in our previously described oncolytic cancer vaccine platform PeptiCRAd, a vaccine platform that combines an immunogenic oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) coated with tumor antigen peptides. (elifesciences.org)
  • We also show that the performance of GPI-0100-adjuvanted influenza vaccine can be further improved by choosing an optimal antigen formulation (e.g., reconstituted viral envelopes) and route of vaccine administration (e.g., pulmonary immunisation). (rug.nl)
  • A dramatic expansion of viral antigen-specific CD8+ T cells with robust polyfunctional effector phenotype was observed in splenocytes of mice immunized with Amphiphile-CpG vaccine. (news-medical.net)
  • Vancouver, BC - December 21, 2020 - BioVaxys Technology Corp. (CSE: BIOV, FRA:5LB, OTC:LMNGF) ("BioVaxys") announced today that further analysis of the data from a preclinical animal study (also known as the "murine model study") of its haptenized viral protein vaccine technology show that BVX-0320, its Covid-19 vaccine candidate based on the Company's haptenized viral protein platform, elicits a robust T-cell response against SARS-CoV-2. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • CD4 + T-cells are crucial in achieving a regulated effective immune response to viral pathogens, and are central to adaptive immune responses. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • Generated following an immune response, memory 'helper' CD4+ T-cells retain information about the virus, which enables them to respond rapidly after viral exposure. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • BOSTON, July 6, 2022 - Elicio Therapeutics , a clinical stage biotechnology company developing a pipeline of novel immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer and other diseases, today announced that it presented preclinical data demonstrating its Amphiphile (AMP) platform adjuvant AMP-CpG combined with cell surface-associated viral protein EBV gp350 and EBVpoly protein, elicits a robust and durable immune response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). (elicio.com)
  • The broad coverage against multiple viral determinants and the AMP-CpG adjuvant are likely to provide better protection against primary EBV infection while the strong T cell responses will be critical in controlling the spread of latently infected B cells and the development of EBV-associated diseases, such as malignancies and multiple sclerosis. (elicio.com)
  • reviewed antiviral immune responses in bats and suggested the possibility that bats might be able to control viral replication through innate immunity. (cdc.gov)
  • When a bat is confronted by a viral antigen, the proportional increase in metabolism for raising an immune response may be trivial compared to the very large increase in the metabolic costs of flight. (cdc.gov)
  • Historically, adjuvants are considered to stimulate immune responses nonspecifi- cally. (cdc.gov)
  • These adjuvants, however, neither stimulate a strong antibody response to all antigens nor stimulate cellular specific response, which is required to protect animals against virus and other intracellular infectious agents (2, 3). (sld.cu)
  • The efficacy of adjuvants in the IL-6 KO environment cannot be solely attributed to their ability to stimulate antigen-specific cellular responses, suggesting that other biological activities of IL-6 are also important. (nih.gov)
  • Fucoidan stimulates macrophage and DC activation by means of scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) in in vitro research [19,23,32], and it truly is likely that fucoidan may possibly stimulate in vivo spleen cDCs by engaging SR-A. Activation of SR-A benefits in human peripheral blood DC (PBDC) maturation that subsequently promotes Th1 responses [23]. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • Cellular immune responses, chemokine, and cytokine profiles in Turkey poults following infection with the intestinal parasite Eimeria adenoeides. (southernbiotech.com)
  • In the last half of the century, a large amount of substances has been used as immune adjuvant. (sld.cu)
  • Finally, the potency of poly(I:C) as a primary vaccine adjuvant was validated, with additional evidence generated to support that additional adjuvants added to the vaccine formulation may augment the immune response. (harvard.edu)
  • Early expressed and latency-associated MAP proteins were formulated in cationic adjuvant formulation (CAF) 01 and tested in calves through two different experiments, MAP multi-stage vaccine (MSV)-1 and 2. (dtu.dk)
  • Genetic factors are important in the development of be induced by injecting mice with heart proteins mixed with autoimmune disease, since such diseases develop in cer- adjuvant(s), which indicates that an active infection is not tain strains of mice (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus or necessary for the development of autoimmune disease. (cdc.gov)
  • In last the 12 years, we generated recombinant proteins based of diverse immunodominant antigens of erythrocytes forms of P. vivax. (fapesp.br)
  • ER stress triggers Unfolded protein response (UPR) that protects against ER stress by decreasing unfolding of proteins. (helsinki.fi)
  • BioVaxys has developed its vaccine technology platforms based on the established immunological concept that modifying proteins with simple chemicals called haptens makes them more visible to the immune system. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • Professor Khanna said, "I am encouraged by the data demonstrating the potential of the AMP-CpG adjuvant combined with the EBV proteins to not only activate but supercharge the immune system as shown by the high frequencies of polyfunctional gp350-specific CD4+ T cells and EBVpoly-specific CD8+ T cells induced in this model. (elicio.com)
  • FET11 vaccine, a combination of a fusion protein of four early expressed MAP proteins and a latencyassociated MAP protein formulated in CAF01 adjuvant was tested by an experimental MAP challenge in calves. (dtu.dk)
  • In both MSV experiments, most significant immune responses were observed against Esx-secretion system proteins and latency proteins (Article 1 and 4). (dtu.dk)
  • However, the immunogenicity of two recombinant MAP proteins common in both studies was different, emphasizing the possibility of dynamics of MAP infection guiding the differential immune response. (dtu.dk)
  • The problem is cancer cells are derived from human cells, so a lot of the antigens or proteins on their surface are shared by normal cells. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • In this review we use influenza vaccine as a model in a discussion of the different mechanisms of action of the available adjuvants. (smw.ch)
  • Garcia-Sastre A. Induction and evasion of type I interferon responses by influenza viruses. (smw.ch)
  • Ichinohe T, Lee HK, Ogura Y, Flavell R, Iwasaki A. Inflammasome recognition of influenza virus is essential for adaptive immune responses. (smw.ch)
  • Immune responses to influenza virus infection. (smw.ch)
  • Chiu C, Wrammert J, Li GM, McCausland M, Wilson PC, Ahmed R. Cross-reactive humoral responses to influenza and their implications for a universal vaccine. (smw.ch)
  • The shear-thinning, rapid-strength-recovering h9e Ca2+ hydrogel proved to have potential for drug delivery and tissue-engineering applications and was tested on mice as an injectable adjuvant for H1N1 swine influenza virus killed vaccine. (medicalxpress.com)
  • We compared antibody responses to high-dose egg-based inactivated (HD-IIV3), recombinant (RIV4), and cell culture-based (ccIIV4) vs standard-dose egg-based inactivated influenza vaccine (SD-IIV4) among health care personnel (HCP) aged 18-65 years in 2 influenza seasons (2018-2019, 2019-2020). (cdc.gov)
  • Nevertheless, building on the positive aspects of this approach, the researchers postulated that it may be possible to provide a broad antigenic repertoire for in vivo immune selection of relevant tumor-associated antigens by expressing a cDNA library of a normal tissue using a systemically delivered, immunogenic vector. (genengnews.com)
  • They chose VSV as the vector for delivering and expressing the antigens in vivo. (genengnews.com)
  • To further evaluate the capacity of DCs to become immunogenic following antigen capture in vivo, mice were injected with anti-DEC-HIV gag and either GLA-SE or SE. (peptidesprice.com)
  • To understand adjuvant action, these agonists need to be characterized in vivo at the level of antigen presenting DCs. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Our experiments at this direct level indicate that a synthetic TLR4 agonist, GLA-SE, serves as an effective adjuvant and enhances MLN0128 mw the capacity of DCs in vivo to immunize against protein antigens. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Our results extend prior research by showing a complete dependency of TLR4 stimulation for the induction of adaptive responses in vivo by GLA-SE. (peptidesprice.com)
  • In the current study, we demonstrated that GLA-SE injection together with a protein antigen allows the antigen-capturing DCs to quickly become immunogenic in vivo. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Our futurestudies will straight test regardless of whether fucoidan can activate SR-A and whether activation of SR-A signaling in DCs can promote CLR responses in vivo by utilizing SR-A-knock out mouse. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • D) On day 35, in vivo killing of adoptively transferred SIINFEK-coated and CFSE-labeled target cells by CTLs in the immunized mice was measured. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • The cGAS-STING pathway is a component of the innate immune system that functions to detect the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in response, trigger expression of inflammatory genes that can lead to senescence or to the activation of defense mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The innate immune system relies on germline encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to recognize distinct pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). (wikipedia.org)
  • Although innate immune cells do not respond to specific antigenic epitopes on pathogens, they do produce restricted responses to par- ticular classes of pathogens through pattern-recognition receptors (PRR), such as Toll-like receptors (TLR) (18). (cdc.gov)
  • Use of innate immune response modulators in women: The perfect storm to trigger autoimmune disease? (fda.gov)
  • For Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the most potent cell wall component that leads to innate immune activation and sepsis ( Fig. 1 ). (silverchair.com)
  • found that flight evolved in tandem with concomitant genetic changes to their innate immune systems. (cdc.gov)
  • Neutralizing antiviral B cell responses. (smw.ch)
  • Because of the vesicant activity of doxorubicin, microparticles made of biodegradable polymer poly(lactide-co-glycolide) or PLGA can safely deliver doxorubicin intratumorally and are effective vaccine adjuvants, (ii) enhancing T-cell activation using anti-OX40 and (iii) sustaining T-cell responses by checkpoint blockade using anti-CTLA-4. (aacrjournals.org)
  • While this approach led to a broad repertoire of individually weak T cell responses against multiple TAAs that cumulatively resulted in strong selective pressure against immune escape, the need to inject the vectors into normal tissues often results in toxicity, they admit. (genengnews.com)
  • This approach, they reasoned, might activate autoimmune and antitumor T cell responses, and dispense with the need for administration directly into normal tissues. (genengnews.com)
  • Enhanced T-cell responses were detected when antigen was targeted to DCs. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Effect of costimulation on vaccine-induced T cell responses and immune correlates of vaccine-induced protection were further characterized. (dtu.dk)
  • The immunogenicity of the vaccine was tested using HLA-expressing transgenic mice. (news-medical.net)
  • A ) HLA-A*11:01 transgenic mice immunized with LO protein plus GLA-SE were protected compared with control mice inoculated with PBS when they were challenged with 20,000 T . gondii prugneaud strain (Fluc) luciferase expressing parasites after 4 and 6 days. (jci.org)
  • Humoral immune responses were characterized in mouse strains lacking either or both B7 molecules. (nih.gov)
  • The testing of the polyepitope vaccine immunogen using peripheral mononuclear cells isolated from EBV seropositive donors revealed that the immunogen can be effectively processed by antigen-presenting cells to generate epitopes that can be presented on HLA class I molecules and subsequently recognized by human CD8+ T cells to promote an immune response. (news-medical.net)
  • Tregs express a set of immune suppressive molecules, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-10, to suppress other effector T cells' activities [5]. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Janeway advocated systematically sorting through the components of empirically discovered adjuvants to identify the individual stimulatory molecules and their cellular receptors, especially those that lead to interleukin-1 (IL-1) secretion ( Janeway, 1989 ). (silverchair.com)
  • They are a mixture of immunoglobulin molecules secreted against a specific antigen , each recognising a different epitope . (wikidoc.org)
  • Subsequently, unbiased single-cell transcriptomic technology was used to dissect the heterogeneity and identities of vaccine-responsive cells following exposure to diverse classes of adjuvants (poly-ICLC, STING agonist, and TLR4 agonist). (harvard.edu)
  • The adjuvant role of GLA-SE was dependent on TLR4. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Scientists analyzed known human CD8+ T cell epitopes from EBV antigens to design a polyepitope vaccine immunogen that incorporates 20 CD8+ T cell epitopes into an engineered protein immunogen. (news-medical.net)
  • Given that, bNAbs are ideal for providing sterilizing immunity and are the goal of current HIV-1 vaccine efforts, these data offer insight on how HIV-1 may occlude these vulnerable epitopes from the host immune response. (bvsalud.org)
  • EBVpoly is a polyepitope protein developed at QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute that includes 20 CD8+ T cell epitopes from EBV latent and lytic antigens with broad coverage against multiple HLA types. (elicio.com)
  • Shortly after SARS-CoV emerged at the turn of the 21st century, the spike (S) protein (particularly in its native conformation) was identified as the immunodominant antigen of the virus3. (who.int)
  • The aim of this study was to assess how exposure to fine PM collected from Sacramento, CA, shapes the allergic airway immune response in BALB/c mice undergoing sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA). (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, in tumor-bearing mice, 60% tumor reduction was observed, while in metastatic mice, the number of nodules decreased by 25% compared to the control group. (researchgate.net)
  • However, a body of circumstantial evi- susceptible mice by stimulating elevated levels of proin- dence links diabetes, multiple sclerosis, myocarditis, and flammatory cytokines from mast cells during the innate many other autoimmune diseases with preceding infec- immune response. (cdc.gov)
  • Other aspect of adjuvant mechanism of action comprises: improving antigen presentation, inducing the production of immunomodulatory cytokines and increasing lifespan of activated T cells (1, 5). (sld.cu)
  • Moreover, any tumor cells that do manage to evade the initial antitumor immune response are mopped up after a second-line virus-based immunotherapy comprising a different set of antigens. (genengnews.com)
  • Interleukin-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a broad range of biological activities on immune and non-immune cells. (nih.gov)
  • Co-founder and Chief Medical Officer David Berd, MD, says that "Stimulating a 96.4% antibody response is an excellent development, but we believe that activation of T-cells is even more important. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • Landry says its COVID-19 vaccine candidate stimulated a "very high neutralizing antibody response" in mice, along with activating the body's T-cells, a major component of the immune system. (ctvnews.ca)
  • DCs from GLA-SE but not SE-treated mice became active stimulators of the allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction, inducing robust proliferation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (Fig. 5C). (peptidesprice.com)
  • Right after 3 day remedy, splenocytes from these mice had been stained for CD45.two to identify the donor OT-I or OT-II cells along with the H3 Receptor Antagonist web proliferation of those cells was determined by CFSE dilution. (bcrablinhibitor.com)
  • Single-cell transcriptomics and functional assays defined a high ratio of CD8(+) T cells versus T-reg cells as a predictor of response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). (unav.edu)
  • Among intestinal epithelial lymphocytes, the major CD8 + T cell populations present in mice are conserved but there is a population of TCRγδ CD8αβ cells in the chicken that is not found in rodents. (southernbiotech.com)
  • So the idea here is that we develop an immune response to an antigen expressed on the cancer cells. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • The latter is a tool previously developed by Jacopo, 2020, able to identify tumor antigens similar to pathogen antigens in order to exploit molecular mimicry and tumor pathogen cross-reactive T cells in cancer vaccine development. (elifesciences.org)
  • There are two hallmark phenotypes of allergic asthma: (1) inflammatory, due to a T helper cell type 2 (Th2)-mediated immune response resulting in elevated inflammatory cells in the airways, and (2) airway hyper-reactivity, during which volume and flow of inhaled air decreases as a consequence of airway constriction. (cdc.gov)
  • This response was significantly lower in mice immunized with soluble CpG. (news-medical.net)
  • The mice were immunized with the primary vaccine dose, followed by two booster doses, each three weeks apart. (news-medical.net)
  • An adjuvant can be of particular importance in a pandemic situation as it may boost the immune response and reduce the amount of antigen required per dose, allowing more vaccine doses to be produced and therefore contributing to protect the greatest number of people," the company said in a news release. (ctvnews.ca)
  • However, lower doses of antigen were required using anti-DEC-HIV gag p24 to achieve detectable responses. (peptidesprice.com)
  • The polypeptide vaccine immunogen was admixed with whole recombinant EBV glycoprotein 350 (gp350) to generate a virus-specific neutralizing antibody response. (news-medical.net)
  • This was a phase I double-blind, controlled vaccine trial, evaluating security, tolerability, and immunogenicity of mixtures of N, R and C LSP derived from the CS protein formulated in two adjuvants Montanide ISA 720 and Montanide ISA 51. (likemap.me)
  • Genetic mutation and pharmacological inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) both have been shown to prevent the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, providing a rationale for the development of Btk inhibitors for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (aspetjournals.org)
  • A renewed understanding of the critical role of innate immunity in influencing the development of an adaptive immune response has led researchers to a better under- standing of "the adjuvant effect" (16). (cdc.gov)
  • Even the adoption of differ- nals that are required to support and sustain the initiation of an ent vehicles and exposure regimen failed to have a material adaptive immune response. (cdc.gov)
  • The vaccine-induced immune response is influenced by: (i.) vaccine factors i.e., type and composition of the antigen(s), (ii. (smw.ch)
  • To further increase vaccine-induced immune response, an Amphiphile-modified CpG DNA adjuvant was incorporated into the vaccine. (news-medical.net)
  • The project has been structured in 3 main pathways or "tracks": a Discovery track, aiming at designing gp41-based antigens (Ag) using an iterative improvement process, and two development tracks (Parenteral and Mucosal) to determine the safety and immunogenicity of the Ags and the optimal administration conditions before selecting the most promising candidate for clinical development. (europa.eu)
  • Endocytosis of emulsion-trapped protein and cross presentation of the antigens must account for the immunogenicity of our adjuvanted protein. (jci.org)
  • The study showed it was biologically safe, improved immune response on killed H1N1 virus antigen by approximately 70%, and induced a similar H1N1-specific IgG1 antibody response compared with an oil-based commercial adjuvant. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Recent advances in single-cell sequencing enable recovery of the complete adaptive immune receptor sequences in addition to transcriptional information. (nature.com)
  • responsible for stimulating innate immunity, such as the TLR and RIG-like receptor pattern recognition receptors, makes it possible to test chemically defined agonists as new adjuvants to trigger the DC link between innate and adaptive immunity. (peptidesprice.com)
  • Now, the identification of the monocyte-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) as an essential receptor for TDM provides new insight into the formation of the characteristic granulomas in tuberculosis and an avenue for rational adjuvant design. (silverchair.com)
  • Certainly, it was our experience with the not on the same receptor in mice. (cdc.gov)
  • In contrast, intraprostatic ASEL injection resulted in the animals developing prostatitis, which was probably induced by the observed T helper type 17 (T H 17) and IFN-γ responses against prostate antigens, the authors note. (genengnews.com)
  • This includes adjuvant selection, routes and sites of administration, injection volumes per site and number of sites per animal. (wikidoc.org)
  • Aluminum salts (Alum) remain the main adjuvant licensed for human use. (tdl.org)
  • 07 October 2010 the unresponsiveness of mice to nickel salts might be attribut- expressed on the plasma membrane of a variety of cell types. (cdc.gov)
  • Upon recognition of a PAMP, PRRs generate signal cascades leading to transcription of genes associated with the immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glycoprotein (GP) is the major protective antigen of EBOV, and can generate virus-like particles (VLPs) by co-expression with matrix protein (VP40). (frontiersin.org)
  • Once this putative vaccine target was identified, the next challenge was how to best generate an effective immune response to SARS-CoV-2. (who.int)
  • Strains of laboratory mice that are inbred for higher metabolic rates show stronger immune responses to immune challenge with stronger antigen-specific IgM production than strains bred for lower metabolic rates. (cdc.gov)
  • More importantly, RN486 produced robust anti-inflammatory and bone-protective effects in mouse CIA and rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) models. (aspetjournals.org)
  • He goes on to say that "a robust CD4 and CD8 T-cell response, such as that we are seeing, has potential to confer much longer protection. (financialnewsmedia.com)
  • Older animals (4 months) developed a more robust immune response (Article 1 and 4). (dtu.dk)
  • The treatment of the disease is severely underdeveloped due to the ability of the Leishmania pathogen to evade and abate immune responses. (beilstein-journals.org)
  • The efficacy of vaccine adjuvants can be influenced by the immunological environment of the host, depending on the mechanism(s) by which they exert their immunopotentiating activities. (nih.gov)