Adiposity and body fat distribution. Medical search. Frequent questions

Many healthcare providers use body mass index (BMI) to screen for obesity . (sharecare.com)
It can do this by triggering obesity-promoting behavior such as overeating foods high in fat, calories, or sugar. (sharecare.com)
Chronic stress can also affect your body chemistry in a way that contributes to obesity. (sharecare.com)
For example, a 2017 study published in the journal Obesity showed that chronic stress could lead to elevated levels of cortisol, a hormone that affects metabolism and helps the body manage stress. (sharecare.com)
For individuals 65 years of age and older, obesity, excess body fat around the waist and gaining weight after the age of 50 are associated with an increased risk of diabetes, according to a study in the June 23/30 issue of JAMA. (healthnewstrack.com)
Body weight and even the term "obesity" are fraught discussions for many healthcare professionals and patients alike. (medscape.com)
The identification of the adiposity phenotypes at highest risk of clinically relevant prostate cancer may help to elucidate the mechanisms linking obesity with aggressive disease and target intervention strategies," the investigators concluded. (renalandurologynews.com)
In an accompanying editorial, Celina H. Shirazipour, PhD, and Stephen J. Freedland, MD, of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, commented that the new findings, in addition to existing evidence related to obesity and PCa, "highlight the need to examine lifestyle interventions that target fat loss in promoting optimal prostate cancer outcomes. (renalandurologynews.com)
Obesity, visceral adiposity, and prostate cancer: What is the role of lifestyle interventions? (renalandurologynews.com)
Schneider HJ, Klotsche J, Silber S, Stalla GK, Wittchen H-U. Measuring abdominal obesity: effects of height on distribution of cardiometabolic risk factors risk using waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. (scielosp.org)
Their offspring tend to have higher birth weights and more body fat, and carry an increased risk of obesity later in life. (karger.com)
Researchers looked at multiple genetic variants linked to BMI and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI, as a measure of obesity and central body fat in up to 229,000 people. (medicalxpress.com)
Professor JP Casas (UCL Institute of Health Informatics, Farr Institute), co-corresponding author, added, "Our findings indicate that the distribution of body fat plays multiple causal roles in diseases that are independent of general obesity. (medicalxpress.com)
Obesity is quantified with the body mass index (BMI), yet BMI does not reflect the fat distribution in the visceral abdominal volume (VAV) and subcutaneous abdominal volume (SAV). (biomedcentral.com)
The effects of obesity on health, fat location. (who.int)
Inconsistency in findings may be due to the use of non-specific measures for obesity, such as body mass index (BMI) or percent body fat, which do not account for the physiological differences between adipose tissue depots. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
Fat tissue located around the organs, known as visceral adipose tissue, has been associated with metabolic dysregulation (e.g., chronic inflammation, insulin resistance) often seen in obesity. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
It's the global epidemic that affects two in every five adults, but as obesity continues to expand waistlines worldwide, researchers at the University of South Australia are warning that harmful body fat can also increase the risk of dementia and stroke. (fabresearch.org)
"Obesity is a genetically complex condition characterized by the excessive body fat," Dr. Mulugeta says. (fabresearch.org)
Generally, the three obesity subtypes have a characteristic of higher body mass index, yet, each type varies in terms of body fat and visceral fat distribution, with a different risk of cardiometabolic diseases. (fabresearch.org)
We found that people with higher levels of obesity especially those with metabolically unfavorable and neutral adiposity subtypes had much lower levels of gray brain matter, indicating that these people may have compromised brain function which needed further investigation. (fabresearch.org)
"It is increasingly appreciated that obesity is a complex condition, and that especially excess fat which is located around the internal organs have particularly harmful effects on health," Professor Hyppönen says. (fabresearch.org)
In the conscious canine model, some atypical antipsychotics cause adiposity, including visceral obesity, a strong risk factor for the metabolic syndrome. (psychiatrist.com)
Post-mortem analyses of coronary arteries have indicated that obesity (associated with a high accumulation of abdominal fat measured at autopsy) was predictive of earlier and greater extent of large vessels atherosclerosis as well as increase of coronary fatty streaks. (researchgate.net)
The consequence is so-called visceral abdominal obesity or central adiposity," says Dr. Peter S. Murano, a professor of nutrition at Texas A&M University. (dietdetective.com)
Tracking of obesity in children is generally performed using body mass index (BMI). (scirp.org)
However, the limitation of BMI is that it does not distinguish obesity due to excess fat mass from the obesity due to excess lean body mass [3]. (scirp.org)
Obesity is characterized by increased body adiposity and leads to insulin resistance. (medscape.com)
Due to the increasing numbers of Hispanics in the US workforce, their relatively high injury/fatality rates, the increasing prevalence of obesity, and its associated disease and mortality risk, having an indicator of adiposity specific to Hispanics is important in occupational health and clinical practice. (cdc.gov)
Better precision in estimating adiposity may reduce the onset of costs associated with obesity treatment and aid wellness programs in conducting fitness-for-work determinations. (cdc.gov)
Epidemiologic investigations have consistently shown an independent increased risk for diabetes associated with overweight and obesity, with clear dose response patterning across categories of increasing body mass. (diabetesjournals.org)
In 1947, Vague ( 1 ) noted that an android (male or upper body) pattern of obesity was associated with a poorer metabolic profile compared with a gynecoid (lower body) pattern. (diabetesjournals.org)
These clinical observations regarding the detrimental health effects of central or upper body obesity were subsequently reinforced by the results of large prospective epidemiological studies of diabetes incidence, in which fat patterning of subjects was estimated using body surface measurements, specifically waist and hip circumferences and skinfold thicknesses ( 2 - 5 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
In this context, the relatively few large epidemiologic cohorts that have conducted detailed baseline assessments of abdominal fat distribution in combination with prospective evaluations of outcomes such as incident diabetes can provide novel insights into the natural history of the obesity-diabetes relationship. (diabetesjournals.org)
Initial evidence in support of a role of epigenetics in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was mainly provided by animal studies, which reported epigenetic changes in key metabolically important tissues following high-fat feeding and epigenetic differences between lean and obese animals and by human studies which showed epigenetic changes in obesity and T2DM candidate genes in obese/diabetic individuals. (wellnessdoctorrx.com)
Obesity is a complex chronic disease in which abnormal or excess body fat (adiposity) impairs health, increases the risk of long-term medical complications and reduces life span. (bvsalud.org)
Central fatness, mostly intra-abdominal circumference is a better index of android fat, is medically more important than (abdominal) obesity than waist-to-hip ratio subcutaneous fat in the trunk. (who.int)
Routine evaluation of an expression of weight not adiposity [ 11 ] regional fat distribution on a wide scale and it provides no information on body fat requires methods that are simpler than distribution, so it can mask true obesity- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), related risk in children [ 3 ]. (who.int)
Reducing obesity is an important preventive measure for postmenopausal breast cancer, but the association between adiposity and breast cancer risk at premenopausal ages is less clear. (who.int)
In South Africa, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is high (61% in urban women and 48% in rural women), and body composition (percentage of lean tissue vs fat) may have different distributions in black and white women and thus have different associations with breast cancer risk. (who.int)
Peters noted that previous studies have indeed shown that central adiposity might be a stronger risk factor than overall obesity, but there have been studies that have shown the opposite - that it actually does not matter where adiposity is measured. (medscape.com)
Note: the android and gynoid regions described here approximate the regions defined by the APEX software.Android obesity is often referred to as the "apple" shape since the increased fat is in the trunk. (cdc.gov)
Gynoid obesity is referred to as the "pear" shape with increased fat in the hip and thigh areas. (cdc.gov)
The main reasons for completed, but invalid, whole body scans were implants, excessive X-ray "noise" due to obesity, and jewelry not removed. (cdc.gov)
Obesity Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial, relapsing disorder characterized by excess body weight and defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2. (msdmanuals.com)
Obesity is usually measured using body mass index (BMI). (cdc.gov)
Abdominal adiposity is a risk factor for obesity-related complications, and there is increasing evidence that abdominal adiposity may be a contributing factor to complications not related to adiposity at the waist (4,5). (cdc.gov)

Waist-hip ratio (WHR) is a measure of body fat distribution and a predictor of metabolic consequences independent of overall adiposity. (kb.se)
These findings provide evidence for multiple loci that modulate body fat distribution independent of overall adiposity and reveal strong gene-by-sex interactions. (kb.se)
tion with lipid profile, analysis should be adjusted for overall adiposity. (who.int)
Body fat distribution is a major, heritable risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, independent of overall adiposity. (ox.ac.uk)
The critical new thing in our work is that we've looked at sex differences between both central and overall adiposity and the risk of heart disease and what we found is that central adiposity is actually an even stronger risk factor for heart disease in women than in men," she said. (medscape.com)

Genetics of sexually dimorphic adipose distribution in humans. (harvard.edu)
WC represents accumulated abdominal fat and is strongly correlated with visceral adipose tissue. (scielosp.org)
However, both boys and girls deposited less than 10% of their abdominal fat as internal adipose tissue. (worc.ac.uk)
Meanwhile, fat tissue located directly under the skin in the abdomen and lower body regions, known as subcutaneous adipose tissue, is thought to contribute less to the metabolic dysregulation. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
Recently genetic studies have identified 'favorable adiposity' gene variants that are associated with less visceral adipose tissue, greater subcutaneous adipose tissue, and better metabolic health. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
Increased body mass index (BMI) alters the behavior of adipose tissue, which provides insulin resistance as well as resistance to type-2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and proinflammatory and prothrombotic states, thereby favoring the onset of ischemic cardiopathy [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cortisol and glucocorticoids in general play an important role in determining adipose (fat) tissue metabolism and distribution of body fat. (dietdetective.com)
Lipodystrophy, the abnormal distribution of fat, encompasses lipoatrophy, the loss of fat, and other abnormalities of adipose tissue. (medscape.com)
Lipodystrophies are categorized based on etiology (genetic or acquired) and distribution of lost adipose tissue, affecting the entire body (generalized) or only regions (partial). (medscape.com)
We show 6-fold larger effect for fat-distribution associated rare coding variants compared with fine-mapped common alleles, enrichment for genes expressed in adipose tissue and causal genes for partial lipodystrophies, and evidence of sex-dimorphism. (ox.ac.uk)
Our results suggest that inhibin βE is a liver-expressed negative regulator of adipose storage whose blockade may be beneficial in fat distribution-associated metabolic disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Body surface measures such as waist circumference do not distinguish between the various adipose tissue depots, which are known to have differences in biologic function. (diabetesjournals.org)
Development of metabolic syndrome depends on distribution as well as amount of adipose tissue. (msdmanuals.com)

They underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to assess body composition and fat distribution. (elsevierpure.com)
The primary outcome was change in abdominal fat, assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and cross-sectional computerized tomography scan. (natap.org)
25 kg/m2), no known cardiovascular disease (CVD), and for whom data was available on body composition, as determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). (imsociety.org)
Different types of adiposity will be measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). (who.int)

Beaufrere B, Morio B. Fat and protein redistribution with aging: metabolic considerations. (scielosp.org)
Simple measures of gestational weight gain provide insufficient detail of the underlying physiological and metabolic adaptations occurring in pregnancy, and should be complemented by measures of body composition, metabolic and endocrine responses. (karger.com)
The use of WC and WHtR provides the advantage in that the indexes are good predictors of intra-abdominal fat deposition and are related to the development of cardiovascular risk factor [17-19] Previous reports have also indicated the trunk skinfold as the sensitive tool to detect metabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents [4,20]. (scirp.org)
Design, setting, participants, & measurements In this cross-sectional study, non-stone-forming men with no known kidney disease and with a wide range of body weight collected a 24-hour urine specimen while consuming a fixed metabolic diet. (elsevierpure.com)
Under a controlled metabolic diet, adiposity is not associated with risk factors for calcium oxalate stones. (elsevierpure.com)
The resemblance between the metabolic abnormalities of these extreme states of adiposity underscores the importance of fat tissue in energy homeostasis. (medscape.com)
Objective: To investigate the effects of TH9507, a novel growth hormone releasing factor, on abdominal fat accumulation, metabolic and safety parameters in HIV-infected patients with central fat accumulation. (natap.org)
In non-HIV-infected patients [6] and among HIV-infected patients with changes in fat distribution [7], increased waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and central fat accumulation is related to increased metabolic risk indices. (natap.org)

BMI is not a direct measure of adiposity (body fatness). (cdc.gov)
Future research is needed to explore whether using WHR as the primary clinical measure of adiposity (body fat) would help to improve long-term health outcomes in distinct patient populations compared with BMI. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Our results provide further support to shift public health focus from measures of general adiposity, such as BMI, to adiposity distribution using [waist-to-hip ratio]," the study authors added. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Effect of General Adiposity and Central Body Fat Distribution on the Circulating Metabolome: A Multicohort Nontargeted Metabolomics Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study. (harvard.edu)

This device measures total body volume by air displacement in a specialized enclosed chamber. (bodybuilding.com)
Adiposity [body fat] is a well-recognized risk factor for type 2 diabetes among young and middle-aged adults, however, the relationships between different measures of body composition and diabetes in older adults [65 years of age or older] are not well described," the authors write. (healthnewstrack.com)
Mary L. Biggs, Ph.D., of the University of Washington, Seattle, and colleagues examined the relationship between measures of overall body fat, fat distribution, changes in these measures, and diabetes risk among 4,193 men and women 65 years of age and older. (healthnewstrack.com)
Measures of adiposity were determined when participants entered the study, and repeated 3 years later. (healthnewstrack.com)
Combining general and central measures of adiposity to identify risk of hypertension: a cross-sectional survey in rural India. (harvard.edu)
DXA Versus Clinical Measures of Adiposity as Predictors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and All-Cause Mortality in Postmenopausal Women. (harvard.edu)
Investigators might benefit from including measures that assess visceral fat as outcomes in interventions, and clinicians would benefit from collecting knowledge of fat location in addition to total weight, Drs Shirazipour and Freedland wrote. (renalandurologynews.com)
We found that although genetics are not a perfect predictor of cardiovascular problems in individuals they can be reliably used to measure disease risk from different measures of body fat in groups of people or populations," added Dr Dale. (medicalxpress.com)
This study shows that serum estradiol is correlated with BMI and other fat-distribution measures in postmenopausal endometrial cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Nevertheless, less information was known on the determinant factors that could influence on change in body fat distribution in terms of anthropometric and body composition measures. (scirp.org)
Urinary risk factors for nephrolithiasis and urine saturation with respect to calcium oxalate and uric acid (assessed as supersaturation index [SI]) were correlated with various measures of adiposity. (elsevierpure.com)
Conclusions The association between 24-hour urine pH and SI uric acid and various measures of adiposity suggest that total body fat and trunk fat are more strongly associated with risk factors for uric acid stone formation than are total body weight and lean body mass. (elsevierpure.com)
For both sexes a highly positive correlation was found between waist circumference and BMI, percentage of body fat, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses, and the sum of skinfold measures. (who.int)
In both sexes, there was an approximate log-linear relationship between measures of general and central adiposity and the risk for incident MI. (medscape.com)
Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, and waist circumference are commonly used measures for estimating abdominal adiposity (6,7). (cdc.gov)

From a health standpoint, the traditional body mass index (BMI - weight/height) 2 , is not very informative since body composition does not enter into the calculation 29,38,39 . (bodybuilding.com)
Aging is associated with changes in body composition, revealed by reduction in lean mass, increase in fat mass and redistribution of these tissues in the body, with greater accumulation of intra-abdominal and intramuscular fat. (scielosp.org)
Whole body calorimetry and composition and whole body bioimpedance analysis for weight reduction and other indications. (aetna.com)
We also propose to use Mendelian Randomization, a genetic epidemiological technique, to further determine if there is a potential causal relationship between genes for body composition and bone outcomes. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
The proposed aims will advance our understanding of the relationship between body composition and bone health with the overarching goal to better predict individual risk for osteoporosis based on body composition and genetic profile. (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
to verify the body composition and chest expansion of type II and III spinal muscular atrophy patients. (bvsalud.org)
Patients' monofrequency bioelectrical impedance was used for analyze body composition. (bvsalud.org)
Among the methods used to evaluate body composition in children, bioelectrical impedance stands out as a noninvasive and painless method, which has already been adopted by other authors while evaluating SMA patients 13 , or children and adolescents without the disease 14-16 . (bvsalud.org)
Body composition assessment in these patients is proposed by Caromano et al. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, the aim of this study is verify the body composition and chest expansion of type II and III spinal muscular atrophy patients. (bvsalud.org)
When applied to Hispanic body composition, BMI is influenced by their short stature, short-leg length, long torso, large waist-to-hip ratios, and the location and distribution of upper body and lower body fat layers. (cdc.gov)
The purpose of this research was to provide a body composition calculation specific for Hispanic workers that includes Mexican, Cuban and Puerto Rican Americans. (cdc.gov)
Lastly a table describing body composition measurements, their application in the workplace, and their outcome value for workplace wellness programs is presented. (cdc.gov)
However, due to individual differences in body composition, body fat distribution and function, the threshold to which adiposi. (bvsalud.org)
To compare body composition of postmenopausal women with and without dynapenia, defined by different cut-off points. (bvsalud.org)
Body composition was assessed by electrical bioimpedance and the nutritional status by the body mass index. (bvsalud.org)

Particularly, according to sex and age range, the predictive emergent anthropometric indices in men were the body shape index (ABSI) and waist to height cubic (W/Ht 3 ) (AUC = 0.777 and 0.771, respectively), whereas in women, the predictors were CI and ABSI (AUC = 0.737 and 0.729, respectively). (hindawi.com)
In addition, the body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body shape index (ABSI), or conicity index (CI) could have a predictive ability for evaluating HTN [ 16 - 19 ], while the ponderal index (PI) could do the same for preHTN [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Applying these adiposity, were more predictive of cardio- criteria, 728 overweight and obese women vascular disease risk factors than BMI, a were eligible to participate in the study. (who.int)
Despite BMI being an indicator of adiposity, and thus a marker of CVR, its predictive value for CVR or CVD is limited (3). (imsociety.org)
However, abdominal adiposity may be more predictive of CVD risk than BMI. (cdc.gov)

Greater visceral and thigh subcutaneous fat are associated with higher risks of advanced and fatal prostate cancer (PCa), according to a new prospective study. (renalandurologynews.com)
Among all men, each 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in visceral fat (85.7 cm 2 ) and thigh subcutaneous fat (39.2 cm 2 ) was associated with a 31% and 37% higher risk of advanced and fatal PCa, respectively, Dr Dickerman's team reported in Cancer . (renalandurologynews.com)
when considering subcutaneous fat, the study found a strong correlation with waist circumference (WC) ( r =0.87 and r =0.88) and with body mass index (BMI) ( r =0.88 and r =0.83) in women and men, respectively. (scielosp.org)
Therefore, this retrospective study explores the relationship of body mass index (BMI), visceral fat volume (VAV) and subcutaneous fat volume (SAV) and serum levels of sex steroids and lipids in patients with endometrial cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Subcutaneous fat tissue contributes more to the estradiol levels indicating that subcutaneous fat might be relevant in endometrial cancer carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore the aim of this study was to explore the relation between BMI, visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes and serum levels of sex steroids and lipids in endometrial cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Subcutaneous fat (SAT) was preserved and did not change between or within groups. (natap.org)
HIV-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) commonly experience changes in fat distribution that include increased visceral and central fat accumulation [1], as well as loss of subcutaneous fat in association with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia [2,3]. (natap.org)
The mechanisms of fat redistribution in this population are not known and changes in visceral and subcutaneous fat may be due to independent processes [5]. (natap.org)
1 ]. A central fat pattern has adverse health - abdominal fat), abdominal subcutaneous implications in both children and adults. (who.int)
The syndrome is less common among people who have excess subcutaneous fat around the hips (called pear shape) and a low waist-to-hip ratio (reflecting a higher muscle-to-fat mass ratio). (msdmanuals.com)

Different anthropometric measurements are used in clinical practice and in epidemiological studies to assess body adiposity, owing to their practicality and low cost, such as WC, BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). (scielosp.org)
Clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that visceral fat is closely related to NAFLD [4] . (researchsquare.com)
2014) factors, adipokines, and body size in epidemiological studies, in collaboration and to identify novel dietary biomarkers young Mexican women have been inves- with NEP. (who.int)

Traditional markers such as waist to height ratio (WHtR) have shown higher sensitivity than the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the evaluation of the CVR [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
85th percentile), BMI is more an indicator of fat-free mass ( Freedman and Sherry, 2009 ). (cdc.gov)
Fat-free mass is total body mass excluding the fat. (cdc.gov)
Fat-free mass includes everything from your skin, bones, ligaments, and tendons, to your organs and water content. (cdc.gov)
In addition, since with physical training, body fat can decline while muscle mass can increase, net changes in body weight cannot reliably predict body fat levels. (bodybuilding.com)
The human body is assumed to consist of two compartments, fat mass and lean body mass with different densities. (bodybuilding.com)
In this case, fat mass is still one compartment, but the lean tissue is divided into three discrete compartments, bone, muscle, and everything else. (bodybuilding.com)
DEXA uses a three compartment model dividing the body into total body mineral, mineral-free lean tissue, and fat mass 14,26,30 . (bodybuilding.com)
Sixty women with a mean age of 24.6±4.7 years were evaluated during their premenstrual (between days 21 and 28) and menstrual period (between days 1 and 3), and the collected data included body mass, height, biotype (body-fat distribution), face, breast, limb-circumference measurements, and limb-volume estimate, and an adapted version of the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool was used. (dovepress.com)
Body mass index (BMI) has long been used as a tool for weight management and intervention, but experts say it has many flaws. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Waist-to-hip ratio may be a better tool for determining weight management than body mass index (BMI), according to a new study . (medicalnewstoday.com)
They compared data on BMI, fat mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Approximately 70 percent of U.S. men and women 60 years of age and older are overweight or obese [BMI - body mass index 25 or greater]. (healthnewstrack.com)
The researchers found that BMI at baseline, BMI at 50 years of age, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and waist-height ratio were all strongly related to the risk of diabetes. (healthnewstrack.com)
This patient has several chronic medical problems, including hypertension , osteoarthritis of the knees, and prediabetes, along with a body mass index (BMI) of 38. (medscape.com)
250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. (kb.se)
We conducted a meta-analysis of 32 genome-wide association studies for WHR adjusted for body mass index (comprising up to 77,167 participants), following up 16 loci in an additional 29 studies (comprising up to 113,636 subjects). (kb.se)
A prospective study reveals that higher visceral fat is associated with a higher risk of advanced and fatal prostate cancer, particularly among men with a low body mass index. (renalandurologynews.com)
In addition, visceral fat is associated with a higher risk of these outcomes among men with a lower body mass index (BMI). (renalandurologynews.com)
to identify cut-off points for waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with better sensitivity, specificity and accuracy to distinguish overweight elderly people by sex, using three body mass index criteria as anthropometric references. (scielosp.org)
Body mass index, waist circumference, and risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective study among men and women. (scielosp.org)
Aetna considers the FDA-cleared weight reduction device, Plenity (Gelesis, Inc.), as medically necessary to aid in weight management in overweight and obese adults with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25-40 kg/m 2 , when used in conjunction with diet and exercise. (aetna.com)
The proposed study aims to address the gaps in knowledge regarding the association between soft tissue and bone health by analyzing the relationship between fat distribution, lean mass, and bone outcomes (e.g., bone mineral density, fracture history). (ukbiobank.ac.uk)
There is something of a paradox in the relationship between body mass index and hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome in that the mortality rate decreases as body mass index increases. (hindawi.com)
Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a new scoring system based on waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). (researchsquare.com)
In a 2010 study involving female soldiers who had been in an intense total-body physical training program for 12 weeks, researchers found that they lost the most fat from their arms and trunks, while fat mass in their legs was essentially unchanged. (healthline.com)
However, it is not known whether higher body fat mass or abnormal fat distribution influences stone risk independent of dietary factors. (elsevierpure.com)
Results Study participants included 21 men with a mean age of 52.1 years, mean weight of 91.1 kg, and mean total fat mass of 24.3 kg. (elsevierpure.com)
Twenty-four-hour urine pH and SI uric acid were more closely correlated with fat mass than with lean mass or total body weight. (elsevierpure.com)
Both 24-hour urine pH and SI uric acid were also significantly correlated with truncal fat mass but not with leg fat mass. (elsevierpure.com)
However, there was no significant association between SI calcium oxalate and body weight, lean mass, fat mass, trunk fat mass, or leg fat mass. (elsevierpure.com)
In-utero hyperglycemia exposure influences later cardiometabolic risk, although few studies include women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes (T2D) or assess maternal body mass index (BMI) as a potential confounder. (nature.com)
Note generalized lipoatrophy (top left, bottom left) in a healthy individual with a body mass index (BMI) of 24 kg/m2 (top center, bottom center), and an individual who is obese with a BMI of 38 kg/m2 (top right, bottom right). (medscape.com)
Lean body mass and the ratio of VAT to SAT improved significantly in both treatment groups versus placebo. (natap.org)
Elevated levels of body mass index (BMI) and smoking are well established lifestyle risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. (biomedcentral.com)
Lean mass and fat mass modifications are also expected in this population. (bvsalud.org)
After adjusting for confounding factors (i.e., demographics, lifestyle, clinical factors), neither whole-body fat mass nor fat percentage was found to be related to CVD risk. (imsociety.org)
The fat mass gain in peri- and young postmenopausal women may determine either of two phenotypes: the "apple" shape due to fat accumulation in the abdomen or the "pear" shape due to accumulation in the buttocks. (imsociety.org)
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is used as an indicator of adiposity because it is simple, requires no technical equipment or special training, and is generally not affected by observer bias. (cdc.gov)
BMI is not universally successful in gauging an individual's fat-mass because it is influenced by body proportion (relative leg length or trunk length) and can over-estimate body weight by as much as 5 percent in short-legged individuals, and under-estimate weight in those with taller stature. (cdc.gov)
While the importance of increased body mass in diabetes etiology is unequivocal, it has been recognized for some time that the distribution of body fat provides additional resolution regarding diabetes risk. (diabetesjournals.org)
Compared with body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio was an 18% stronger predictor of MI in women and a 6% stronger predictor of MI in men. (medscape.com)
During female aging, a muscle mass decrease occurs as well as greater accumulation and infiltration of fat, resulting from the endocrine changes that occur during the climacteric [1,2]. (bvsalud.org)
Body mass index was derivedfrom weight and height.RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 71.5 ± 6.3 years and thecontrols was 72.3 ± 7.2 years. (bvsalud.org)
Excess central adiposity (called apple shape), particularly when it results in a high waist-to-hip ratio (reflecting a relatively low muscle-to-fat mass ratio), increases risk. (msdmanuals.com)

Waist-to-hip ratio does do a better job of capturing visceral fat , mid-body fat, waist fat, the fat that is most harmful in terms of all-cause and cause-specific mortality," Hunnes told Medical News Today . (medicalnewstoday.com)
The association of trunk fat with CVD risk was attenuated but remained significant even after adjusting for waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio. (imsociety.org)

Causal Associations of Adiposity and Body Fat Distribution with Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke Subtypes and Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Circulation (2017). (medicalxpress.com)

These results may have implications for the clinical management of youths with excess adiposity given the high prevalence of NAFLD in children and young adults. (unavarra.es)
Current WHO recommendations for optimal BMI range are inaccurate across individuals with various body compositions and therefore suboptimal for clinical guidelines," the researchers wrote. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Clinical spectrum of adiposity. (medscape.com)
Body girth measurements are frequently used in clinical practice 17,18 due to their practical character and low price. (bvsalud.org)
Non-obese PCOS women may display a trend towards sub-clinical atherosclerosis due to visceral fat deposition, which is the principal predictor of this phenomenon in PCOS women ( 8). (imsociety.org)

Due to the close relation between age, gender, adiposity, preHTN, and HTN [ 2 , 10 , 11 ], the search of anthropometric marker predictors of cardiovascular risk (CVR) such as HTN has revolutionized the field. (hindawi.com)
Higher BMIs are more strongly associated with higher adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors. (cdc.gov)
The higher our adiposity (the more fat we have in our bodies, and specifically, the more visceral/mid-body fat we have), the greater is our risk of dying from any cause and from cause-specific (cardiovascular disease, cancer). (medicalnewstoday.com)
For each measure, there was a graded increase in the risk of diabetes with increasing quintiles of adiposity. (healthnewstrack.com)
Participants in the highest category of adiposity had an approximately 2- to 6-fold increased risk of developing diabetes compared with those in the lowest category. (healthnewstrack.com)
This perspective can apply throughout all life stages, from young children to older adults, and conflicts with many of the traditional medical paradigms that show clear associations between higher body weight and increased risk for health impairments. (medscape.com)
A team led by Barbra A. Dickerman, PhD, of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, said that to their knowledge, their study is the first prospective investigation of directly measured fat distribution and the risk of advanced PCa. (renalandurologynews.com)
In this group, each 1-SD increase in visceral fat was associated with a 2-fold higher risk of advanced and fatal PCa in a fully adjusted model. (renalandurologynews.com)
Body fat distribution on computed tomography imaging and prostate cancer risk and mortality in the AGES-Reykjavik Study. (renalandurologynews.com)
These effects may partly be related to the heightened risk of gestational diabetes, occurring in at least 16% of all pregnancies irrespective of current body weight. (karger.com)
The results also suggest that central body fat may have a stronger effect on stroke risk than BMI, but both measurements should be taken into account when estimating the impact of fat distribution on health. (medicalxpress.com)
Dr Michael Holmes (MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford) said: "These findings add important information to our understanding of the role of body fat and risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. (medicalxpress.com)
Increased body fat incrementally leads to increased atrophy of gray matter in the brain and consequently higher risk of declining brain health, according to the latest research. (fabresearch.org)
VAI is an important index recently proposed to assess the distribution and dysfunction of visceral fat, and has been shown to be closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk [5] . (researchsquare.com)
Extra weight around the waist - especially deep visceral fat that encases the organs - raises the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular issues, like heart attack and stroke. (healthline.com)
The change in body fat distribution in addition to the increased total body fat, has an importance as predictor of cardiovascular risk factor in children [4,5]. (scirp.org)
Nonetheless, relative or absolute central adiposity may confer excess cardiovascular risk. (natap.org)
Higher percent trunk fat and leg fat were associated with an increased and decreased risk of CVD, respectively. (imsociety.org)
A combination of higher trunk and lower leg fat was linked to a higher CVD risk. (imsociety.org)
The authors concluded that, in postmenopausal women with normal BMI, both elevated trunk and reduced leg fat increase the risk of CVD. (imsociety.org)
After menopause, there is an increase in cardiovascular risk (CVR), basically due to the rise in body weight (2). (imsociety.org)
So far, studies on body fatness and breast cancer risk have been undertaken mainly in Caucasian women, and there are indications that breast cancer may be different in women of African ethnicity. (who.int)
and data 2) to study the association between abdominal fat distribution and other health conditions and risk factors, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and activity and dietary patterns. (cdc.gov)
INT RODUCTIO N: Th e eld erly h ypert en si ve pa ti ent s of ten h aveincreased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and their attendantco-morbidities. (bvsalud.org)

If you are obese, it means you carry more body fat than is considered to be healthy for your height. (sharecare.com)
Hence, WC was a better anthropometric index of fat location than WHR to estimate lipid pro le in overweight and obese adult women. (who.int)
1) provides evidence that even in non-obese women, "regional" fat deposition produces various inflammatory changes, endothelial alterations, and probably insulin resistance. (imsociety.org)
PCOS may contribute to the pattern of fat accumulation in this reported non-obese population. (imsociety.org)
The ability of simple anthropometric add valuable comparative data to BMI techniques to correctly measure central data in assessment of central fatness in adiposity needs to be assessed because overweight and obese children. (who.int)

In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that among postmenopausal women with normal BMI, regional body fat deposits, as determined by DXA (trunk or leg fat), would be related to CVD. (imsociety.org)
20kgf had lower total and trunk adiposity. (bvsalud.org)
Analysis of the whole body scans provides soft tissue measurements for the android and gynoid areas of the trunk and android/gynoid ratios. (cdc.gov)

They found a clear causal relationship between increased BMI and central body fat with higher risks of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. (medicalxpress.com)

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study of 1283 healthy children (681 boys, 602 girls) aged 6-11 years tested the degree of correlation between waist circumference measurements and adiposity. (who.int)
However, degree of correlation between waist circum- studies on the efficacy of anthropometric ference measurements of a sample of techniques for identifying children with Egyptian schoolchildren with their adipo- high central adiposity are scare. (who.int)
The availability of a large biobank with blood and urine samples, the comprehensive database of responses to standardized lifestyle and dietary questionnaires, and refined measurements of adiposity from hundreds of women will be of great value for breast cancer research in this population over the next decades. (who.int)

Multiancestry exome sequencing reveals INHBE mutations associated with favorable fat distribution and protection from diabetes. (ox.ac.uk)

Note that the accuracy of BMI as an indicator of adiposity varies depending on the degree of adiposity. (cdc.gov)
in addition, loss of muscle tissue affects its validity as an indicator of adiposity in elderly people, regardless of changes in weight. (scielosp.org)
WHtR has been proposed as a more robust indicator of central adiposity than WC, since it results in an estimate that is not biased by height. (scielosp.org)
The ac- and is the best indicator of changes in the intra- cumulation of both types of fat is affected abdominal fat during weight loss [ 8 ]. (who.int)

Patients of color may also understand some of the nuances of excess adiposity enough to dispute that BMI applies to them because BMI doesn't account for the body fat distribution, understanding that worse health outcomes are associated with central adiposity compared with peripheral adiposity. (medscape.com)
This study aimed to determine the characteristics of central body fat distribution in Thai preschool children and to examine factors that could influence on body fat distribution of children. (scirp.org)
Change in central body fat distribution of children could be strongly influenced by their changes in age, BMI and TBF. (scirp.org)
Since data on the characteristics of central body fat distribution in young Thai children is not available. (scirp.org)
The aims of this study was 1) to determine gender difference in central body fat distribution of young Thai children and 2) to examine the determinant factors that influence on body fat distribution indices of children. (scirp.org)
Conclusions: TH9507 reduced truncal fat, improved the lipid profile and did not increase glucose levels in HIV-infected patients with central fat accumulation. (natap.org)
It has the Recent studies in children showed that a ability to act as a surrogate for abdominal greater deposition of central fat correlates fat [ 9 ]. (who.int)
BMI is a adiposity tracks from childhood into poor proxy for central fatness [ 4 ] as it is adulthood [ 5 ]. (who.int)

So yes, given that this is a better measure, surrogate for adiposity in general and adiposity distribution, I do think that we should be using it more often. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Body fat is then calculated based on accepted values for the density of fat and lean tissue to identify the percentage of body fat that will produce the overall measured density 6,34 . (bodybuilding.com)
Since fat tissue has a distinct resistance compared to lean tissue (due to its different water content), the percentage of fat tissue can be determined from the overall body resistance and total weight. (bodybuilding.com)
Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen can precisely quantify the size of individual abdominal fat tissue depots. (diabetesjournals.org)

Studies show that for postmenopausal women, adding exercise alongside a healthy diet is key to losing belly fat. (healthline.com)

In contrast, strategies using GH secretagogues, may result in physiological increases in GH secretion and reduced truncal fat with fewer side effects [14]. (natap.org)
In this study, we assessed the effect of TH9507, a novel growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) analog, over 12 weeks in HIV-infected men and women with evidence of fat redistribution and increased truncal adiposity. (natap.org)

Patients suffering from lipodystrophies experience reduced body fat, severe insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypoleptinemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. (medscape.com)
Studies using higher dose, pharmacologic growth hormone (GH) administration have resulted in reduced visceral adiposity in this population, but are associated with increased insulin resistance and side effects [10-13]. (natap.org)

This study had two main objectives: To examine the association between body fat distribution and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver fat content, and to determine whether the relationship between NAFLD and regional body fat distribution, with respect to liver fat content in youths with excess adiposity, is independent of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and a healthy diet. (unavarra.es)
Body fat distribution parameters were higher in youths with NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD. (unavarra.es)
Additionally, body fat distribution showed a significant association with liver fat content as assessed by CAP in youths with NAFLD independent of CRF and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, supporting the notion that upper body fat distribution might play a pivotal role in the development of NAFLD in adolescents. (unavarra.es)
Many studies have shown that visceral adiposity index (VAI) is valuable in the diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the accuracy of VAI in the diagnosis of NAFLD is not consistent. (researchsquare.com)

However, BMI is fraught with problems , one of them is that you can have a weight lifter with 8% body fat with a BMI of 35 and you can have someone who has 35% body fat with the same BMI. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The complexities of discussing body weight with your patients of color are numerous. (medscape.com)
Some members from communities of color, like Black individuals, may have different views on what a healthy body weight and attractive body size look like. (medscape.com)
Our findings suggest that it is not just how much fat an individual has, or their weight, but rather, the distribution by which an individual stores fat that plays important roles in the development of disease . (medicalxpress.com)
Atypical antipsychotics have been shown to contribute to weight gain, which may well reflect increased body fat deposition. (psychiatrist.com)
According to researchers at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, "Science has documented the effect of tremendous stress on a person, such as war, injury or traumatic grief, creating a decrease in food consumption and as a result, body weight. (dietdetective.com)
Seeing results in a targeted body zone can be motivational, but can you predict (or better yet, influence) where you're likely to lose weight first? (healthline.com)
Here's what we know about the science of weight distribution and regional weight loss. (healthline.com)
If you've lost weight before, you may already know where your body tends to show weight loss first. (healthline.com)
Your body breaks down fat cells when you lose weight. (healthline.com)
Body weight and height were measured in each child. (scirp.org)
The result is that the traditional BMI index may consistently over-estimate actual body fat weight among Hispanics in both genders. (cdc.gov)
By studying different populations it is possible to generate different "P" values that better reflect the variations in racial/ethnic body-fat distribution, body-segment length, height, weight, gender, and age groups - including occupational groups. (cdc.gov)
Healthy eating is important for all Canadians, regardless of body size, weight or health condition. (bvsalud.org)
Smoking cessation, blood pressure control, diabetes control, a low-fat diet (eg, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension [DASH] or Mediterranean diets), weight loss, and regular exercise should be encouraged. (medscape.com)
Some diets, including low-carbohydrate diets, have been promoted as helping shed excess belly fat, but Lundberg said we've yet to crack the mystery of how to lose weight in specific body regions. (medscape.com)

Whole body scans were administered to eligible survey participants aged 8-69 years. (cdc.gov)
Secondary goals are to increase participants' consumption of whole grains and decrease their sodium and fat consumption. (cdc.gov)

A total of 1224 women were referred tion of intra-abdominal or visceral fat than during the study period. (who.int)

20 , since they state that there is a correlation between fat percentage and muscle strength in neuromuscular patients. (bvsalud.org)

Based on the new findings and the existing body of knowledge on diet and exercise, "new opportunities arise for knowledge development and practice for researchers and clinicians. (renalandurologynews.com)
Therefore, the influences of diet, body fatness, and physical activity on this disease need to be investigated directly in African women in Africa. (who.int)

Recent studies also suggest that growth hormone levels are reduced in HIV-infected patients, and correlate inversely with excess visceral fat accumulation [8,9]. (natap.org)
Excess abdominal fat leads to excess free fatty acids in the portal vein, increasing fat accumulation in the liver. (msdmanuals.com)

Genes themselves, however, are thought to affect how and what you choose to eat, as well as how you process calories and store fat. (sharecare.com)
For example, a 2019 study published in Nature Communications found that your genes affect how fat is stored in the area around your abdomen. (sharecare.com)
Genetic analysis shows that the relationship between genes and body fat distribution is stronger in women than it is in men. (healthline.com)
Using exome-sequencing in 618,375 individuals (including 160,058 non-Europeans) from the UK, Sweden and Mexico, we identify 16 genes associated with fat distribution at exome-wide significance. (ox.ac.uk)

Conclusion: No gender difference in body fat distribution indices was found in Thai preschool children. (scirp.org)

Meta-analysis identifies 13 new loci associated with waist-hip ratio and reveals sexual dimorphism in the genetic basis of fat distribution. (kb.se)

In the future, as methodologies are standardized and the equipment becomes more widely available, DEXA may develop into the medical body fat assessment technique of choice, partly due to its simplicity from the standpoint of the subject as well as providing valuable information regarding bone mineral content (important for osteoporosis evaluation). (bodybuilding.com)

The higher our body fat, the more likely it is we will die sooner," Hunnes said. (medicalnewstoday.com)
patients with spinal muscular atrophy presented higher adiposity and lower chest expansion. (bvsalud.org)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Abdominal Adiposity in a Large Cohort of British Children. (worc.ac.uk)

Anatomy14

Diseases20

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes39

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Named Groups4

Health Care17

Geographicals2

Obesity47

Overall adiposity5

Adipose13

Dual-energy x-ray a4

Metabolic8

Measure of adiposity2

General adiposity2

Measures15

Composition16

Predictive5

Subcutaneous11

Epidemiological studies3

Mass45

Waist-to-hip2

Subtypes1

Clinical5

Risk24

Obese5

Trunk3

Type 2 diabet1

Measurements3

Favorable1

Indicator4

Central8

Surrogate1

Tissue3

Postmenopausal1

Truncal2

Insulin resistance2

NAFLD4

Weight16

Participants2

Intra-abdominal1

Percentage1

Diet2

Accumulation2

Genes4

Indices1

Ratio1

DEXA1

Higher2

Cohort1