White adiposGlucose homeostasis in miceCardiometabolic risk factorsLipidTriglyceridesDepotsVisceralThermogenesisLiverMiceImprovesExpenditureMacrophageInflammationTriglyceride storageObese subjectsTissuesAdipokinesContributesReceptorsPancreasBoneLeptinSecretionThermogenicMacrophagesAbdominalRoleTherapeuticEnergyMetabolismDysregulationDevelopmentGenerateFunction
White adipos13
- citation needed] Angptl3 plays a major role in promoting uptake of circulating triglycerides into white adipose tissue in the fed state, likely through activation by Angptl8, a feeding-induced hepatokine, to inhibit postprandial LPL activity in cardiac and skeletal muscles, as suggested by the ANGPTL3-4-8 model. (wikipedia.org)
- Encouraging preclinical results suggest that β3-AR agonists could also improve obesity-related metabolic disease by increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, white adipose tissue (WAT) lipolysis, and insulin sensitivity.METHODS We treated 14 healthy women of diverse ethnicities (27.5 ± 1.1 years of age, BMI of 25.4 ± 1.2 kg/m2) with 100 mg mirabegron (Myrbetriq extended-release tablet, Astellas Pharma) for 4 weeks in an open-label study. (jci.org)
- 2022). Fibrillin-1 regulates white adipose tissue development, homeostasis, and function. (mcgill.ca)
- Obesity is defined as an excess accumulation of white adipose tissue associated with a low grade inflammation which is one contributor to obesity complications such as diabetes. (springer.com)
- Recently, we and others have demonstrated fibrotic depots in white adipose tissue of obese subjects. (springer.com)
- The antidiabetic thiazolidinediones (TZDs) also promote MAT expansion and hyperadiponectinemia, even without increasing adiponectin expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). (frontiersin.org)
- Adipose tissue is typically classified into two broad subtypes, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). (frontiersin.org)
- It is now recognized that white adipose tissue is the major site of leptin synthesis. (scielo.br)
- Alpha-Linolenic Acid Supplementation Prevents Exercise-Induced Improvements in White Adipose Tissue Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis in Obese Zucker Rats. (uoguelph.ca)
- The favorable metabolic phenotype resulted from activation of energy expenditure, in part via BAT activation and beiging of white adipose tissue. (elifesciences.org)
- The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ and lipocalin-2 in white adipose tissue were, respectively, down- and up-regulated. (biomedcentral.com)
- Reduction of PPAR-γ expression and generation of a pro-inflammatory environment by increased lipocalin-2 expression in white adipose tissue may contribute to stress-induced glucose intolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
- This study aims to unveil biological markers that establish the molecular basis of stress-induced glucose intolerance, with a special emphasis on the visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT). (biomedcentral.com)
Glucose homeostasis in mice1
- BACKGROUND Beige adipose tissue is associated with improved glucose homeostasis in mice. (jci.org)
Cardiometabolic risk factors2
- Impact of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue on cardiometabolic risk factors: the Jackson Heart Study. (nature.com)
- 1.2 - Relative effects of simple, refined and unrefined carbohydrate on cardiometabolic risk factors, macrophage cholesterol homeostasis, subcutaneous adipose tissue macrophage infiltration/inflammatory gene expression, and intestinal microbiome. (usda.gov)
Lipid11
- Insufcient adipose lipid storage is asso- ciated with many pathological conditions including hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. (deepdyve.com)
- Adipocyte Senp2 deciency resulted in less adipose lipid storage accompanied by an ectopic fat accumulation and insulin resistance under high-fat diet feed- ing. (deepdyve.com)
- These results revealed the crucial role of Senp2-Setdb1 axis in controlling adipose lipid storage. (deepdyve.com)
- Excess or insufcient lipid storage in generation of the intermediate species of diacylglycerol (DAG) adipose tissues would impair nutrient homeostasis, which is and monoacylglycerol (MAG) (Young and Zechner, 2013). (deepdyve.com)
- Under physiological conditions, the main- PPARγ mutation has been shown to link to familial partial lipody- tenance of normal adipose tissue mass is mainly the result of a strophy, a clinical disorder characterized by the loss of adipose balance of lipid storage and lipolysis (Bouchard et al. (deepdyve.com)
- 2010). Senp2 also regulates fatty acid metabolism in skeletal Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jmcb/article-abstract/10/3/258/4763638 by Ed 'DeepDyve' Gillespie user on 26 June 2018 Senp2 regulates adipose lipid storage by de-SUMOylation of Setdb1 j 259 muscle (Koo et al. (deepdyve.com)
- Although less fat stor- adqcKO pose lipid storage in adipocyte-specic Senp2 knockout mice fed age was shown in Senp2 adipose tissues, the increased with high-fat diets (HFD). (deepdyve.com)
- 5 , 6 Moreover, BAT is also suggested to participate in glucose homeostasis 7 - 10 and to improve blood lipid profiles 11 in humans. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
- Our data show that lxr is an important component of the regulatory network governing the lipid homeostasis during zebrafish development, which in turn may support a role of lxr for normal development of the central nervous sytem, including the retina. (scirp.org)
- L. Wang, G. U. Schuster, K. Hultenby, Q. Zhang, S. Andersson and J. A. Gustafsson, "Liver X Receptors in the Central Nervous System: From Lipid Homeostasis to Neuronal Degeneration," Proceedings of the National Acadamy of Sciences of the USA, 15 October 2002, pp. 13878-13883. (scirp.org)
- Studies investigating maternal metabolic health, such as weight and adipose change, plasma lipid profile, adipokine concentrations, glucose homoeostasis correlating to pregnancy outcomes, and long-term fetal health, are warranted. (natap.org)
Triglycerides1
- Because energy sources are not always available from the environment, many metazoan organisms have evolved the ability to store large amounts of metabolic energy as triglycerides (TG) in adipose tissue. (elifesciences.org)
Depots3
- Less muscle mass has been associated with greater insulin resistance, but whether the association is independent of deleterious adipose depots in young adults with overweight/obesity who are at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) but are otherwise metabolically healthy is not known. (nature.com)
- Muscle mass is associated with IS independent of detrimental adipose depots in young men with overweight/obesity, at risk for T2DM but currently metabolically healthy. (nature.com)
- BAT is intended to mimic naturally occurring brown adipose depots that regulate metabolic homeostasis in humans. (biospace.com)
Visceral3
- Men in the highest % ideal ALM tertile had mean IS twice the lowest tertile (5.47 ± 0.68 vs 2.68 ± 0.34, p = 0.001), which remained significant controlling for visceral/subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissue, and intramyocellular and intrahepatic lipids ( p = 0.03). (nature.com)
- Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments: association with metabolic risk factors in the Framingham Heart Study. (nature.com)
- Visceral adipose tissue mass secretes a number of proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines and growth factors leading to low grade inflammatory process and insulin resistance. (benthamscience.com)
Thermogenesis3
- γδ T cells producing interleukin-17A regulate adipose regulatory T cell homeostasis and thermogenesis. (nih.gov)
- Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to play a critical role in cold-induced nonshivering thermogenesis (CIT) to maintain body temperature. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
- In addition to playing a major role in thermogenesis, nutrient and energy homoeostasis, it is also involved in bone mass growth and modulation of the immune response. (bmj.com)
Liver6
- Obesity is defined as an expansion of white adipose (WAT) tissue that is associated with low grade inflammation which possibly contributes to the development of health complications such as diabetes, liver pathologies, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases as well as some cancers [ 2 - 4 ]. (springer.com)
- Research in the past 20 years revealed that non-glandular organs such as adipose tissue, liver and skeletal muscle can secrete hormones that regulate whole-body metabolism. (upenn.edu)
- BAs are critical molecules for life, and disruption of BA homeostasis has been closely linked to hepatic, intestinal, and systemic diseases, including cholestasis, fatty liver diseases, and hepatic and colon tumors. (aspetjournals.org)
- Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) modulate glucose homeostasis by acting on metabolic tissues including liver, adipose and skeletal muscle. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
- AMPK ( 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase ) is an enzyme switch found in cells throughout the body, especially in the hypothalamus, liver, muscle, adipose tissue and pancreas. (wellnessresources.com)
- Activation of Liver X Receptor Improves Glucose Tolerance through Coordinate Regulation of Glucose Metabolism in Liver and Adipose Tissue," Proceedings of the National Acadamy of Sciences of the USA, 29 April 2003, pp. 5419-5424. (scirp.org)
Mice2
- Insulin resistance and other features of the metabolic syndrome have been causally linked to adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in mice with diet-induced obesity. (diabetesjournals.org)
- To generate mice lacking TGs in adipose tissue (ADGAT DKO), we crossed adipose tissue-specific Dgat1 knockout mice (Cre-transgene expressed under control of the mouse adiponectin promoter 3 ) with Dgat2 flox mice 4 . (elifesciences.org)
Improves2
- Brown adipose tissue improves whole-body glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in humans. (ku.dk)
- This study introduces a valuable paradigm in the field of adipose tissue biology: blocking triglyceride storage in adipose tissue does not lead to lipodystrophy and impaired glucose homeostasis but instead improves metabolic health. (elifesciences.org)
Expenditure2
- This review analyses adipose-regulated energy input and expenditure, together with the impact of dietary macronutrient composition on energy balance in relation to susceptibility to the development of obesity and Type 2 diabetes, and how these metabolic conditions may be exacerbated by the consequences of abnormal adipose function. (portlandpress.com)
- In fact, adipocytes are important players in energy expenditure and endocrine homeostasis [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Macrophage1
- We aimed to characterize macrophage phenotype and function in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in relation to insulin resistance in obesity. (diabetesjournals.org)
Inflammation3
- In the first one, local adipose tissue hypoxia could induce fibrosis accumulation which in turn through adipocyte dysfunctions might provoke adipose tissue inflammation. (springer.com)
- In the second one, fibrosis could be a result of local adipose tissue inflammation induced by tissue expansion. (springer.com)
- Macrophages are phagocytes found in tissues and maintain tissue homeostasis, regulate inflammation, and play a significant role in host protection. (frontiersin.org)
Triglyceride storage1
- When activated, PPAR-γ up-regulates the transcription of genes mainly involved in fatty acid metabolism and triglyceride storage, promoting adipogenesis and lipids uptake to the adipose tissue [ 17 , 18 ] improving whole body insulin sensitivity. (biomedcentral.com)
Obese subjects1
- The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in obese subjects [ 3 ] suggests that adipose tissue (AT) has a major role in the body distribution of vitamin D, but the causal relationship between obesity and low levels of circulating 25(OH)D has not been completely elucidated yet. (medscape.com)
Tissues2
- In this study, we observed the overexpression of SUMO-specic protease 2 (Senp2) in adipose tissues during obesity. (deepdyve.com)
- Therefore, adipocyte-specic remain in adipose tissues. (deepdyve.com)
Adipokines2
- The regulation of adipose-tissue function, in particular its secretion of adipokines, is impaired by increases in adipose mass associated with obesity, and with the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. (portlandpress.com)
- Recently, adipose tissue has been shown to synthesise and release highly bioactive substances: classical adipokines (eg, leptin, adiponectin) and various proinflammatory factors such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and complement components. (bmj.com)
Contributes3
- Bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) contributes to increased circulating adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing hormone, during caloric restriction (CR), but whether this occurs in other contexts remains unknown. (frontiersin.org)
- The prevailing dogma is that thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to improvements in glucose homeostasis in obesogenic animal models, though much of the evidence supporting this premise is from thermostressed rodents. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Consumption of a high-fat Western diet (HFWD) contributes to obesity, disrupted adipose endocrine function, and development of metabolic dysfunction (MetDys). (cdc.gov)
Receptors1
- Maintaining bile acid (BA) homeostasis is important and regulated by BA activated receptors and signaling pathways. (aspetjournals.org)
Pancreas2
- Peripheral factors indicative of long-term energy status are produced by adipose tissue (leptin and adiponectin) and the pancreas (insulin), whereas the acute hunger signal ghrelin (produced in the stomach) and satiety signals such as the gut hormones PYY(3-36), PP, amylin and OXM indicate near-term energy status. (medscape.com)
- The pancreas and its islets are central for glucose homeostasis and healthy adipose tissue. (lu.se)
Bone4
- The research themes rank around molecular mechanisms matrix proteins and fibers exert in disorders affecting blood vessels, bone, skin and adipose tissue. (mcgill.ca)
- In addition to WAT and BAT, adipocytes also exist in the bone marrow, and such marrow adipose tissue (MAT) has been estimated to account for over 10% of total adipose tissue mass in lean, healthy humans ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Vitamin D is a lipophilic hormone playing a key role in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis, [ 1 ] and it is also involved in many other pathological processes [ 2 ] commonly linked with obesity. (medscape.com)
- Low-power view of hematoxylin-eosin-stained bone marrow showing hypocellularity, with increased adipose tissue and decreased hematopoietic cells in the marrow space. (medscape.com)
Leptin1
- The discovery of leptin led to a renewed interest in the study of enegy homeostasis. (scielo.br)
Secretion1
- Objectives (1) To compare spontaneous and stimuli-induced adipocytokine secretion by articular adipose tissue (AAT) and synovial membrane (SM) explants obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (bmj.com)
Thermogenic1
- Finally, rosiglitazone upregulated uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT), but this protein was undetectable in tibiae, suggesting that MAT is unlikely to share thermogenic properties of BAT. (frontiersin.org)
Macrophages1
- The large number of macrophages in the intestinal tract, play a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of microorganisms on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and in the continuous renewal of intestinal epithelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
Abdominal1
- We previously demonstrated that periconception maternal administration (2 mg/kg body weight each) of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) plus methylmercury (II) chloride (CH3HgCl) impaired glucose homeostasis and increased body weights and abdominal adipose tissue weight of male offspring in the F1 generation. (ibu.edu.tr)
Role6
- In turn, the cell types specified will play a role in maintaining homeostasis and responding to disease. (grc.org)
- The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis plays a crucial and integrative role in the mammalian endocrine regulation to maintain homeostasis. (intechopen.com)
- Adipose-tissue factors play a central role in the control of energy balance and whole-body fuel homoeostasis. (portlandpress.com)
- We recently identified a role for ABCC1, a transmembrane drug-resistance transporter, as a GC exporter which limits intracellular GC concentrations and action in adipose tissue. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
- AMPK plays a role in the regulation of sleep homeostasis. (wellnessresources.com)
- Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
Therapeutic3
- 18 F -fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is widely used as a standard method for evaluating human brown adipose tissue (BAT), a recognized therapeutic target of obesity. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
- In this minireview, our focus is to provide evidence from reports that determine the effects of environmental or therapeutic exposure on altering homeostasis and functions of BAs and FXR. (aspetjournals.org)
- The goal of this minireview is to provide an update on the regulation of bile acid (BA) homeostasis by the nuclear receptor Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the effects on this regulation by exposure to environmental or therapeutic agents. (aspetjournals.org)
Energy3
- The overall goal of the lab is to understand how different organs react to energy cues and communicate with each other to maintain whole-organism homeostasis in both physiological and pathological contexts. (upenn.edu)
- In response to these signals, the brain produces a coordinated response to any change in nutritional status to maintain energy homeostasis. (medscape.com)
- It keeps cellular energy in a state of homeostasis or balance. (wellnessresources.com)
Metabolism2
- This study will be of high interest to those in the adipose tissue biology and metabolism fields. (elifesciences.org)
- Dolutegravir-associated changes to maternal physiology, such as weight change, hyperglycaemia, and folate metabolism, along with changes to adipose tissue, oxidative stress, and potential interference with metal-binding enzymes, might affect fetal development and influence metabolic health in the child. (natap.org)
Dysregulation2
- However, there is still a huge gap in understanding how these chemicals contribute to the dysregulation of BA homeostasis and how this dysregulation may promote NASH development. (aspetjournals.org)
- These hormones regulate the body's growth, and are involved in cell to cell communication, control metabolic activity, sleep-wake homeostasis, and altered regulation or dysregulation of adaptive response in various physiologic and pathophysiologic states. (medscape.com)
Development1
- Its relevance in maintaining brain tissue homeostasis from development to aging and neurodegenerative diseases is undisputed but, nonetheless, many fundamental questions about the biology of the process remain open: How is phagocytosis efficiency regulated at the cellular and molecular levels? (frontiersin.org)
Generate1
- We expected to generate a mouse model similar to those of classic lipodystrophy due to defects of TG storage in adipose tissue. (elifesciences.org)
Function1
- 4 5 Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ, heterogeneous with respect to embryonic origin, body distribution and function. (bmj.com)