AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
AdipocytesAdipocytes, White3T3-L1 CellsAdipose TissueLipolysisInsulinGlucose Transporter Type 4Adipogenesis3T3 CellsMonosaccharide Transport ProteinsAdipose Tissue, BrownGlucoseCell DifferentiationAdipose Tissue, WhitePPAR gammaDeoxyglucoseCells, CulturedMuscle ProteinsReceptor, InsulinLeptinAdiponectinObesitySterol EsteraseInsulin ResistanceRNA, MessengerLipid MetabolismReceptors, Adrenergic, beta-3Biological TransportMice, ObeseInsulin Receptor Substrate Proteins3-O-MethylglucoseGlucose Transporter Type 1EpididymisGene Expression RegulationThiazolidinedionesLipoprotein LipaseMethylglucosidesIsoproterenolPhenylisopropyladenosineHypoglycemic AgentsSignal TransductionSubcutaneous FatAdipokinesInsulin AntagonistsCarrier ProteinsPhosphorylationCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alphaGlycerolPhosphoproteinsFatty AcidsCystinyl AminopeptidaseCell MembraneLipid MobilizationMitochondrial ProteinsRats, Inbred StrainsMice, Inbred C57BLFatty Acid-Binding ProteinsThermogenesisAdrenergic beta-Agonists1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthineTriglyceridesPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesKineticsAdrenergic beta-3 Receptor AgonistsOmentumGene ExpressionResistinCyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3Receptors, Adrenergic, betaReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionLipidsHormones, EctopicLipaseFatty Acids, NonesterifiedDioxolesFatty Acid SynthasesGlycerolphosphate DehydrogenaseRats, ZuckerProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktAndrostadienesIon ChannelsMesenchymal Stromal CellsBlotting, WesternCell LineEnzyme ActivationRats, WistarDexamethasoneMembrane ProteinsTranscription FactorsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaDiet, High-FatDose-Response Relationship, DrugProtein TransportProteinsReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearCyclic AMPRats, Sprague-DawleyEpinephrineCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding ProteinsIntra-Abdominal Fat
Subcutaneous adipose tissueDifferentiationWhite adiposRole of adipose tissueAccumulationHypertrophyExpressed in adipose tissueFunction of adipocytesInsulin-resistantMature adipocytesFibrosisMetabolismRegulatesOriginating from subcutaneousMesenchymal stemProteinsOrgansInflammationCellsTriglyceridesProteinBriteMetabolicThermogenesisHumansVisceral adipose tissueMarrow adiposeAdiponectinEndocrineLipodystrophyMammaryEnergy expenditureUCP1Obesity-relatedInactivationBeigeStemMacrophagesFatty acidLipolysisMitochondriaLipidsRegenerative medicineInducesMurinePhysiologicalStimuliGlucose uptakeConstitutiveGeneRegenerationMultilocularBrown adipos
Subcutaneous adipose tissue3
Differentiation14
  • Here, we show that murine GATA-2 and GATA-3 are specifically expressed in white adipocyte precursors and that their down-regulation sets the stage for terminal differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Constitutive GATA-2 and GATA-3 expression suppressed adipocyte differentiation and trapped cells at the preadipocyte stage. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, GATA-2 and GATA-3 regulate adipocyte differentiation through molecular control of the preadipocyte-adipocyte transition. (nih.gov)
  • Results DIM, but not I3C, increased adipocyte differentiation through upregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α. (researchgate.net)
  • Extensive emphasis is also made on tissue differentiation and growth during embryogenesis, and deciphering mechanisms underlying the establishment cellular diversity in developing tissues and organs. (ki.se)
  • It is known that significant percentages of visceral adipocytes are derived from mesenchymal stem cells and high glucose enhances adipogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). (hindawi.com)
  • However, the effect of high glucose on adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow and gestational tissue-derived MSCs is still poorly characterized. (hindawi.com)
  • This study aims to investigate the effects of high glucose on proliferation as well as adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs derived from bone marrow and several gestational tissues including chorion, placenta, and umbilical cord. (hindawi.com)
  • An increase in adipogenic differentiation levels was accompanied by an upregulation of the expression levels of several adipogenic genes including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( PPAR γ ), adipocyte protein 2 ( AP2 ), adipose tissue-specific secretory factor ( ADSF ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1C ( SREBP1C ), lipoprotein lipase ( LPL ), adiponectin ( ADIPOQ ), and glucose transporter type 4 ( GLUT4 ) [ 8 , 9 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Although the effects of high glucose on the proliferation and differentiation of rat and mouse BM-MSCs have been previously reported, the effects of high glucose on biological properties of human MSCs derived from gestational tissues which, due to their ease of isolation by noninvasive procedure, are considered more suitable sources of MSCs for clinical applications have yet to be determined. (hindawi.com)
  • Risperidone promotes adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation through Oil Red O staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, risperidone influences adipocyte metabolism, differentiation, and lipid accumulation-related functions through transcriptome analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is also related to increased adiponectin (APN) expression associated with adipocyte differentiation, as well as the expression of adipogenic genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ( PPAR) ( 22 , 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 13 verified that stromal cells (CD 34+) derived from the adipose tissue has the potential of osteogenic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo, being considered as a promising cellular therapy for the healing of bone defects. (bvsalud.org)
White adipos15
Role of adipose tissue3
Accumulation11
  • Moreover, I3C exerts anti-obesity effects by reducing body weight and fat accumulation in epididymal adipose tissue in HFD-induced obese mice and thereby improves hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia [126]. (researchgate.net)
  • Here we showed that obesity-related adipocyte degeneration causes release of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which promotes macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), originally known as a sensor of exogenous DNA fragments. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Fat-fed Tlr9−/− mice demonstrated reduced macrophage accumulation and inflammation in adipose tissue and better insulin sensitivity compared with wild-type mice, whereas bone marrow reconstitution with wild-type bone marrow restored the attenuation of insulin resistance observed in fat-fed Tlr9−/− mice. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Administration of a TLR9 inhibitory oligonucleotide to fat-fed wild-type mice reduced the accumulation of macrophages in adipose tissue and improved insulin resistance. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • If the capacity of the adipocyte to store lipids is exceeded, it can no longer regulate the release of FFAs into the circulation, which ultimately leads to the abnormal accumulation of lipid in nonadipose depots. (jci.org)
  • Fibrosis is characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components which could result in tissue dysfunction. (springer.com)
  • In the first one, local adipose tissue hypoxia could induce fibrosis accumulation which in turn through adipocyte dysfunctions might provoke adipose tissue inflammation. (springer.com)
  • the effects of hypoxia and fibrosis may also play a role in obesity complications via notably ectopic-lipid accumulation in non-adipocyte cells. (springer.com)
  • The present article discusses how accumulation of triacylglycerol in adipocytes can lead to deterioration of the responsiveness of glucose metabolism in other tissues. (cambridge.org)
  • Risperidone increases adipocyte lipid accumulation by plausibly inhibiting long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation through targeting MAPK14 and MAPK8. (frontiersin.org)
  • These results indicated that increasing dietary energy content improved fat accumulation in Lantang growing pigs possibly through direct deposition of fat in adipocyte. (scialert.net)
Hypertrophy2
  • Obesity can be viewed as a state of long-term lipid disequilibrium that is marked by massive adipocyte hypertrophy and is a major risk factor for developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. (jci.org)
  • Classically the fat mass expansion results with an increase in the volume (hypertrophy) and the number (hyperplasia) of adipocytes [ 5 , 6 ]. (springer.com)
Expressed in adipose tissue1
  • Collagen VI (COL6) is highly expressed in adipose tissue, upregulated in the obese state, and enriched in breast cancer lesions and is a stimulator of mammary tumor growth. (jci.org)
Function of adipocytes3
  • In this review, the plasticity and function of adipocytes to tissue repair and fibrosis in four tissues: skin, heart, skeletal muscle, and mammary gland, will be discussed. (horsleylab.org)
  • In particular, these proteins play important roles in the development and function of adipocytes, which are the fat-storing cells in adipose tissue. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in any of the genes associated with familial partial lipodystrophy reduce or eliminate the function of their respective proteins, which impairs the development, structure, or function of adipocytes and makes the body unable to store and use fats properly. (medlineplus.gov)
Insulin-resistant2
  • The current results indicated that PBMT inhibited FFA generation and release in insulin-resistant adipocytes and reduced plasma FFA levels in diabetic db/db mice and HFD-fed mice. (google.com)
  • Adipocytes in the accumulated fat tissues, especially around waist area and visceral organs, release several cytokines which reduce the sensitivity of several cell types to insulin leading to insulin resistant and type 2 diabetes [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mature adipocytes2
  • We generated transgenic (TG) C57BL/6 mice expressing the Ptgs2 gene encoding cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in mature adipocytes. (dtu.dk)
  • Inactivation of TCF7L2 protein attained by removing the high-mobility group (HMG)-box DNA binding domain in mature adipocytes in vivo leads to whole-body glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance. (medscape.com)
Fibrosis4
  • Application of PBM to the recipient site before and after fat transfer improved outcomes in rats at 56 day after fat grafting by means of volume retention, increased neovascularization and adipocyte viability and reduced necrosis, fibrosis and inflammation. (google.com)
  • These effects were partially mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling, which contributes to tissue fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. (jci.org)
  • In the second one, fibrosis could be a result of local adipose tissue inflammation induced by tissue expansion. (springer.com)
  • In group AT, both at 7 and 90 post-operative days, the main healing type was the presence of dense conjunctive tissue exhibiting bundles of collagen fibers disposed in beams permeating the remaining adipose tissue with rare heterotopic bone formation associated to fibrosis and different types of tissue necrosis. (bvsalud.org)
Metabolism6
  • Cyclooxygenases are known as important regulators of metabolism and immune processes via conversion of C20 fatty acids into various regulatory lipid mediators, and cyclooxygenase activity has been implicated in browning of white adipose tissues. (dtu.dk)
  • Concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides are strongly correlated in the adipocyte, but little is known about mechanisms regulating cholesterol metabolism in fat cells. (jci.org)
  • Moreover, white adipocytes have a low oxidative rate, which is the rate of macronutrients (protein, fat, and carbohydrate) metabolism. (news-medical.net)
  • Importantly, the alternative splicing of the LMNA gene was highly sensitive to the levels of specific Serine-Arginine rich (SR) proteins (5) , and produced several splicing isoforms that affect adipose tissue metabolism and aging in opposite manners, with Lamin A and Progerin promoting energy expenditure and aging, while Lamin C favors slower metabolism and moderately slows the aging process in mice (4) . (unil.ch)
  • Her contributions place as a key molecular hub, that regulates key signaling pathways to coordinate cell metabolism and cellular function and overall promote anabolism in the context of cycling cells and in differentiated tissues (6-8) . (unil.ch)
  • Our research focuses on the roles of two particular RNA binding proteins of the SR protein family, SRSF1 and SRSF2, in metabolism and adipose tissue biology. (unil.ch)
Regulates1
  • Little information is available about how post-transcriptional RNA processing regulates metabolic adaptation in adipose tissue depots. (unil.ch)
Originating from subcutaneous1
Mesenchymal stem5
  • It is known that adipocytes are derived, at least in part, from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). (hindawi.com)
  • Tissue bioengineering is a new branch of Science aiming to investigate and integrate techniques of tissue regeneration thorugh new biomaterials including natural markers (growth factors) and tissue and cellular components (mesenchymal stem cells). (bvsalud.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate in osteoblasts with potential implications for the engineering of human bone tissue 11 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The stem cells coming from the adipose tissue can be an important source of progenitor mesenchymal stem cells which can be employed in tissue engineering for bone repairing 8 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Given this, the ALINE MANICA2 cryopreservation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) could be a JULIANA CRISTINA SCHMIDT2 way to collect them in one surgical procedure and after performing fractional fat grafting. (bvsalud.org)
Proteins3
  • Adipocyte-derived factors involved in tumor progression include proteins such as adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-6, and ECM components that control tumor cell behavior within the tumor microenvironment. (jci.org)
  • Extracellular matrix is a fibrillar network composed of structural (collagens) and adhesion (fibronectin) proteins crucial for tissue architecture and biological pathway Histol Histopathol 27:1515-1528, 2012 . (springer.com)
  • The discovery of leptin more than a decade ago established a paradigm in which secreted proteins from adipocytes coordinate energy balance and glucose homeostasis ( 2 , 3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Organs6
  • Key areas of investigation are the identification and functional characterization of stem cell niches in developing tissues and adult organs. (ki.se)
  • In addition to these experiments, the team examined fat tissue from patients who died from COVID-19 infections and found coronavirus genetic material in the fat that surrounded various organs. (livescience.com)
  • Adipose tissue is normally found in many parts of the body, including beneath the skin and surrounding the internal organs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These abnormalities of adipose tissue alter hormone production and affect many of the body's organs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition to the SCN, almost all cells that are present in tissues and organs in the body contain their own biological clock. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Near the thyroid are 4 tiny pea-shaped organs, the parathyroids, that secrete parathormone to control and balance the levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood and tissue fluids. (medscape.com)
Inflammation8
  • Obesity stimulates chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, which is associated with insulin resistance, although the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Our study may provide a novel mechanism for the development of sterile inflammation in adipose tissue and a potential therapeutic target for insulin resistance. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Obesity elicits immune cell infiltration of adipose tissue provoking chronic low-grade inflammation. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Obesity is defined as an expansion of white adipose (WAT) tissue that is associated with low grade inflammation which possibly contributes to the development of health complications such as diabetes, liver pathologies, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases as well as some cancers [ 2 - 4 ]. (springer.com)
  • Since that initial discovery, the number of adipocyte-derived signaling molecules has grown ever larger, and the term adipokine was coined to reflect that many of these molecules exert positive or negative actions on inflammation. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • This triggers inflammation in the tissue. (livescience.com)
  • The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 directly infects fat cells and specific immune cells found in fat tissue, sparking inflammation that can then spread to uninfected "bystander" cells nearby. (livescience.com)
  • Studying the mechanisms underlying increased VDAC1 expression and membrane translocation in pancreatic beta cells, vascular endothelial cells, adipocytes, and macrophages in pathological conditions such as long-lasting hyperglycemia or low-grade inflammation. (lu.se)
Cells22
  • Endocrine functions of white adipocytes, and other WAT-resident cells in the stromal vascular fraction, are performed by the release of a variety of adipokines (adipose-associated cytokines) which affect the functioning of the brain, liver, pancreas and immune system 9 . (nature.com)
  • Studies have shown that a key transcription factor, PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16), and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are involved in conversion of precursor cells into mitochondria (mt)-enriched beige adipocytes (BA). (nih.gov)
  • GATA-3-deficient embryonic stem cells exhibit an enhanced capacity to differentiate into adipocytes, and defective GATA-2 and GATA-3 expression is associated with obesity. (nih.gov)
  • Adipocytes, lipid-filled cells, well-known for energy storage and endocrine functions, can reside adjacent to or within many tissues, and are emerging as critical regulators of tissue repair. (horsleylab.org)
  • Brown fat cells come from the middle embryo layer, mesoderm, also the source of myocytes (muscle cells), adipocytes, and chondrocytes (cartilage cells). (wikipedia.org)
  • Both adipocytes and brown adipocyte may be derived from pericytes, the cells which surround the blood vessels that run through white fat tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • PBM-treated hypertrophic cells (1064 nm and 17.6 J/cm2 every day for 7 days following addition of PA) decreased the lipid levels in hypertrophic adipocytes, restored the GLUT4 protein expression and enhanced glucose transport. (google.com)
  • Our results highlight the crucial role of ETP as an obesity-associated factor that promotes tumor growth in the context of adipocyte interactions with tumor and stromal cells. (jci.org)
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are specifically reduced in adipose tissue of obese animals. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Unlike many of today's meat alternatives, cultured meat has the potential to create a product that is completely identical to conventional meat, containing exactly the same cells and tissue. (idtechex.com)
  • Adipose tissue (AT) represents a commonly used source of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) whose proregenerative potential has been widely investigated in multiple clinical trials worldwide. (mdpi.com)
  • [ 17 , 18 ] TCF7L2 protein is increased during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and in primary adipocyte stem cells. (medscape.com)
  • They found that the virus could infect and replicate within mature fat cells, known as adipocytes, and these infected cells became inflamed. (livescience.com)
  • They also found that specific subsets of immune cells housed within the fat tissue, called macrophages, also became infected and kicked off a much more intense inflammatory response. (livescience.com)
  • There, immature fat cells, called pre-adipocytes, reacted to the onslaught of chemical signals by becoming inflamed themselves. (livescience.com)
  • What's more, in two patients who died of COVID-19, the team found inflammatory immune cells had assembled around infected adipocytes in the fat tissue surrounding the heart. (livescience.com)
  • histopathological examination revealed infiltration of adipose tissue cells within the muscle belly and tendon sheath of the deep digital flexor muscle. (thieme-connect.com)
  • In IR adipocytes, uptake of D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 was higher, but, after adrenaline stimulation, the decrement in D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 was stronger in control cells, which also showed increased expression of Cyp27a1 and Cyp27b1 and higher levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3. (medscape.com)
  • The adipose tissue is an important reservoir of adult stem cells which have capacity of differentiating in osteoblasts with potential implication in reaching bone regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
  • bioceramics and bioglasses, raising great interest in the research with adipose tissue as a reservoir of adult stem cells, generating good results. (bvsalud.org)
  • Triglycerides primarily store energy in adipocytes and muscle cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In the capillaries of adipose and muscle tissue, apoprotein C-II (apo C-II) on the chylomicron activates endothelial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) to convert 90% of chylomicron triglyceride to fatty acids and glycerol, which are taken up by adipocytes and muscle cells for energy use or storage. (msdmanuals.com)
Triglycerides3
  • In a healthy person, excess fat is stored as triglycerides in the adipose tissue, and fatty acids are released into the bloodstream only in response to an increased energy requirement, for example, during fasting. (jci.org)
  • Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), nonesterified fatty acidity (NEFA), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum or liver organ tissue samples had been measured using related commercial products (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, China) based on the producers protocols. (geogise.com)
  • The major microscopic constituent of white adipocytes is triglycerides, which are stored in a large, single (unilocular) droplet. (news-medical.net)
Protein8
  • abstract = 'BACKGROUND: The uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is a hallmark of brown adipocytes and pivotal for cold- and diet-induced thermogenesis. (ku.dk)
  • Notably, this is not the same as the presence of Myf5 protein, which is involved in the development of many tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, rosiglitazone upregulated uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT), but this protein was undetectable in tibiae, suggesting that MAT is unlikely to share thermogenic properties of BAT. (frontiersin.org)
  • cfDNA released from degenerated adipocytes promoted monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression in wild-type macrophages, but not in TLR9-deficient (Tlr9−/−) macrophages. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • Brown adipocytes contain a large number of mitochondria in their cytoplasm, which express Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1), a protein that stimulates the process of non-shivering thermogenesis. (news-medical.net)
  • Tissue-specific and SRSF1-dependent splicing of fibronectin, a matrix protein that controls host cell invasion. (unil.ch)
  • Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis in brown/beige adipocytes in humans and rodents. (bvsalud.org)
  • To evaluate the immunoexpression of BMP-2 protein on the bone repairing of critical size defects (CSD) surgically created in rat calvaria and treated by autogenous macerated adipose tissue. (bvsalud.org)
Brite3
  • It remains to be determined whether these deposits are 'classical' brown adipose tissue or beige/brite fat. (wikipedia.org)
  • This increased browning capacity was translated into the appearance of UCP1- and CIDE-A (cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A)-positive brite adipocytes in retroperitoneal WAT. (edu.sa)
  • These induced brown adipocytes in WAT are referred to as Brown in white (brite) or 'beige' adipocytes and differ from conventional BAT in infants. (news-medical.net)
Metabolic7
  • Adipocyte NR1D1 does not drive an anticipatory daily rhythm in WAT lipogenesis, but rather modulates WAT activity in response to alterations in metabolic state. (elifesciences.org)
  • hence, the global burden of obesity and metabolic disease has motivated extensive study of these tissues ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • We recently reported that adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-deficient (AdipoGR-KO) mice under corticosterone (CORT) treatment exhibited a massive adipose tissue (AT) expansion associated with a paradoxical improvement of metabolic health compared to control mice. (c3m-nice.fr)
  • Collectively, these results highlight that adipocyte GR negatively controls AT expansion and metabolic health through the down-regulation of the major angiogenic effector VEGFA and inhibiting vascular network development. (c3m-nice.fr)
  • Despite the wealth of data concerning adipose tissue metabolic alterations in conditions of obesity and insulin resistance, the involvement of RNA splicing and other post-transcriptional RNA processing events in these processes remains poorly studied. (unil.ch)
  • The three aims explored different facets of visceral adipose tissue, as it relates to internal exposure to POPs and metabolic health. (cdc.gov)
  • Diagnosis of metabolic a 24hour dietary recall for 3 days (2 which originates from excess visceral syndrome was based on World Health workdays and 1 holiday) by a trained adipose tissue [2]. (who.int)
Thermogenesis4
  • Our results indicate that cyclooxygenase-dependent induction of UCP1 expression in white adipose tissues is important for diet-induced thermogenesis providing support for a surprising role of COX activity in the control of energy balance and obesity development. (ku.dk)
  • In addition to heat produced by shivering muscle, brown adipose tissue produces heat by non-shivering thermogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The adipocytes showed rhythmic changes in the levels of thermogenesis that aligned with the light-dark cycles, and the mismatch between these adipocyte cycles with feeding times could lead to obesity. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The study indicates that the process of heat generation from calories or thermogenesis in adipocytes also shows a rhythmic pattern that aligns with the daily light-dark cycle. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Humans2
Visceral adipose tissue1
  • Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of moderate aerobic exercise on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of female LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized mice. (thieme-connect.de)
Marrow adipose2
  • Bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) contributes to increased circulating adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing hormone, during caloric restriction (CR), but whether this occurs in other contexts remains unknown. (frontiersin.org)
  • Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) accumulates in diverse clinical conditions but remains poorly understood. (wustl.edu)
Adiponectin2
Endocrine1
  • In addition, white adipocytes provide insulation and contribute to endocrine function as they secrete hormones. (news-medical.net)
Lipodystrophy7
  • Lipodystrophy, lack of adipose tissue, is also associated with insulin resistance. (cambridge.org)
  • In lipodystrophy there is insufficient adipose tissue to absorb the postprandial influx of fatty acids, so these fatty acids will again be directed to other tissues. (cambridge.org)
  • Familial partial lipodystrophy is a rare condition characterized by an abnormal distribution of fatty (adipose) tissue. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In people with familial partial lipodystrophy, adipose tissue is lost from the arms, legs, and hips, giving these parts of the body a very muscular appearance. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Lipodystrophy syndromes represent a group of rare, heterogeneous disorders characterized by progressive loss of fat tissue, mainly from the subcutaneous compartment and occasionally from visceral fat. (medscape.com)
  • Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2, the severest form of human lipodystrophy with an almost complete loss of adipose tissue, is due to loss-of-function mutations in the BSCL2/SEIPIN gene. (medscape.com)
  • Model of the adipocyte destruction in acquired partial lipodystrophy showing complement activation at the adipocyte surface resulting in adipocyte lysis. (medscape.com)
Mammary3
  • Adipocytes represent a major cell type in the mammary tumor microenvironment and are important for tumor growth. (jci.org)
  • Hence, the adipocyte, as a major constituent of the mammary tumor stroma ( 3 ), is a likely contributor to tumor growth. (jci.org)
  • Studies investigating mammary adipocytes and breast adipose tissue in women with obesity versus women without obesity are, however, sparse and further research is needed. (lu.se)
Energy expenditure2
  • Our findings suggest a role for COX-2-derived lipid mediators from adipocytes in mediating type 2 immunity cues in subcutaneous WAT associated with decreased hepatic steatosis, but with no accompanying induction of browning and increased energy expenditure. (dtu.dk)
  • Findings suggest that eating late at night may disrupt this rhythm in adipocytes resulting in lower energy expenditure and weight gain. (medicalnewstoday.com)
UCP16
  • METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we report that cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) are crucially involved in induction of UCP1 expression in inguinal white adipocytes, but not in classic interscapular brown adipocytes. (ku.dk)
  • Cold-induced expression of UCP1 in inguinal white adipocytes was repressed in COX2 knockout (KO) mice and by administration of the COX inhibitor indomethacin in wild-type mice. (ku.dk)
  • Indomethacin repressed beta-adrenergic induction of UCP1 expression in primary inguinal adipocytes. (ku.dk)
  • Inhibition of COX activity attenuated diet-induced UCP1 expression and increased energy efficiency and adipose tissue mass in obesity-resistant mice kept at thermoneutrality. (ku.dk)
  • Here we evaluated Ucp1 mRNA levels in the muscle tissue of Japanese Black steers. (bvsalud.org)
  • Previous studies using murine brown/beige adipocytes revealed that Ucp1 expression levels are directly increased by forskolin and all-trans retinoic acid (RA). (bvsalud.org)
Obesity-related1
Inactivation1
  • Adipocytes synthesize C3, factor B, and factor D (adipsin), which allows C3bBb to be formed locally, but which usually does not result in the activation of the terminal lytic part of the complement pathway (C5-9).The IgG antibody, C3Nef, prevents the alternative complement C3-convertase C3Bb from dissociative inactivation, resulting in adipocyte lysis. (medscape.com)
Beige1
Stem1
  • The stem cell and developmental biology program at CMB is engaged in a broad range of basic research aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying diverse aspects of embryonic development and tissue regeneration. (ki.se)
Macrophages2
  • However, even this short-lived invasion triggered a significant change in the macrophages, causing them to spew inflammatory substances into the surrounding tissue. (livescience.com)
  • To investigate VDAC1 expression in peripheral insulin target tissues such as adipocytes, endothelial, and macrophages under hyperglycemia and inflammatory conditions. (lu.se)
Fatty acid4
  • The platform's capability to maintain long-term viability and functionality of white adipocytes was confirmed by real-time monitoring of fatty acid uptake, by quantification of metabolite release into the effluent media as well as by an intact responsiveness to a therapeutic compound. (nature.com)
  • Photobiomodulation therapy decreases free fatty acid generation and release in adipocytes to ameliorate insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. (google.com)
  • Increased OLR1 expression, resulting either from TZD treatment or adenoviral gene delivery, significantly augments adipocyte cholesterol content and enhances fatty acid uptake. (jci.org)
  • The adipocyte is the major site of fatty acid storage in the body and plays a critical role in maintaining normal glucose and lipid homeostasis. (jci.org)
Lipolysis1
Mitochondria3
  • In contrast to white adipocytes, which contain a single lipid droplet, brown adipocytes contain numerous smaller droplets and a much higher number of (iron-containing) mitochondria, which gives the tissue its color. (wikipedia.org)
  • They also contain fewer mitochondria than brown adipocytes. (news-medical.net)
  • Some tissues have taken up FA's - how do they get them into mitochondria? (flashcardmachine.com)
Lipids1
Regenerative medicine1
Induces1
  • C3 nephritic factor induces the lysis of adipocytes that secrete adipsin, a product identical to complement factor D. The distribution of the lipoatrophy is postulated to be dictated by the variable amounts of adipsin secreted by the adipocytes at different locations. (medscape.com)
Murine1
  • RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- We examined Lcn2 expression in murine tissues and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the presence and absence of various stimuli. (diabetesjournals.org)
Physiological1
  • these systems integrate engineered human tissues into physiological microenvironment supplied by a vasculature-like microfluidic perfusion. (nature.com)
Stimuli2
  • Background/Objective:White-to-brown adipose tissue remodeling (browning) in response to different stimuli constitutes an active research area for obesity treatment. (edu.sa)
  • In rodents, obesogenic stimuli such as the intake of hyperlipidic diets can increase brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic capacity and contribute to maintaining body weight. (edu.sa)
Glucose uptake3
Constitutive1
  • We define proximal regulated{\^a} €{\texttrademark} MAT (rMAT) as single adipocytes interspersed with active haematopoiesis, whereas distal constitutive{\^a} €{\texttrademark} MAT (cMAT) has low haematopoiesis, contains larger adipocytes, develops earlier and remains preserved upon systemic challenges. (wustl.edu)
Gene4
  • Here we show region-specific variation in MAT adipocyte development, regulation, size, lipid composition, gene expression and genetic determinants. (wustl.edu)
  • Here we report that antidiabetic thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and other ligands for the nuclear receptor PPARγ dramatically upregulate oxidized LDL receptor 1 (OLR1) in adipocytes by facilitating the exchange of coactivators for corepressors on the OLR1 gene in cultured mouse adipocytes. (jci.org)
  • These data identify OLR1 as a novel PPARγ target gene in adipocytes. (jci.org)
  • OBJECTIVE- We identified lipocalin 2 ( Lcn2 ) as a gene induced by dexamethasone and tumor necrosis factor-α in cultured adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
Regeneration2
  • Adipocyte plasticity in tissue regeneration, repair, and disease. (horsleylab.org)
  • Despite of the great potential of repair by bone tissue, in some situations, according to the proportion of defects, the regeneration cannot be complete because the defect can be invaded by the surrounding conjunctive tissue which has a proliferation and cellular migration speed faster than those of bone tissue. (bvsalud.org)
Multilocular1
Brown adipos3