• Our overall hypothesis is that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) utilization during glucose absorption would increase adenosine metabolite release, which acts on adenosine A1 receptors to alter endothelial production of NO and/or activate ATP-dependent potassium channels (K + ATP ) to dilate intestinal microvessels. (arizona.edu)
  • Intracoronary and intravenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate, adenosine, papaverine and contrast medium to assess fractional flow reserve in humans. (rsyd.dk)
  • The light (photons) energy is absorbed by photoacceptors in the mitochondria and used to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (riverviewwellnesscenter.com)
  • Stimulate the release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (suyzeko.com)
  • Mitochondria the "powerhouses" of the cell are able to absorb PEMF's electromagnetic energy which then activates a series of reactions to increase and store more cellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).By increasing energy available in this readily accessible form, PEMF electromagnetic energy is able to greatly stimulate the biological function of cells, tissue, and systems and even raise overall vital energy throughout the individual. (amwaveswellness.com)
  • In this test, physical exercise or intravenous medication (adenosine/dobutamine) is used to increase the workload and oxygen demand of the heart muscle, and ischemia is detected using ECG changes or nuclear imaging. (wikipedia.org)
  • Physicians should be aware of the utility of bolus intravenous aminophylline providing targeted therapy to reverse and treat adenosine-related bronchospasm. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • A recent near life-threatening respiratory arrest during intravenous adenosine administration for FFR at our centre prompted a systematic review of over 100,000 invasive coronary angiograms performed over almost two decades. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • Usually the nonCendothelium-dependent microvascular dilator adenosine (or regadenoson) can be distributed by intracoronary or intravenous infusion. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • This is done during maximal blood flow (hyperemia), which can be induced by injecting products such as adenosine or papaverine. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1 For practical purposes, maximal hyperaemia is typically induced using systemic administration of adenosine (rather than exercise). (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • Aims: Adenosine administration is needed for the achievement of maximal hyperaemia fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment. (unicatt.it)
  • It is measured during medically induced maximal hyperemia with adenosine [3] Due to the need for maximal hyperemia to measure FFR, it has been developed measurement without the need for adenosine like instantaneous wave free ratio(iFR), that can be calculated without the need for medication. (rsyd.dk)
  • It can be determined using Index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) which also is measured using maximal hyperemia. (rsyd.dk)
  • The catheter used during the RFR in cardiology procedure measures resting blood flow in the coronary artery and to measure maximum blood flow achievable during hyperaemia (induced by the administration of adenosine or papaverine). (drkathiresan.com)
  • Study II demonstrated decreased myocardial perfusion (MP) during adenosine induced hyperemia in non-fibrotic myocardium even without diastolic dysfunction in young HCM patients, but not subjects at risk or controls, indicating that microvascular disease can be the cause of MP decrease. (dissertations.se)
  • Dynamic MBF maps were obtained with high spatial and temporal resolution (6ms) demonstrating the feasibility of non-invasively mapping cyclic myocardial perfusion variation at rest and during adenosine stress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Splenic switch-off, defined as the stress to rest splenic perfusion attenuation in response to adenosine, has been proposed as an indicator of stress adequacy. (unav.edu)
  • In patients, single-delay PCASL (1200 msec) and first-pass perfusion images were acquired under rest and adenosine conditions. (unav.edu)
  • Data Conclusion This study could demonstrate the feasibility of PCASL to identify splenic switch-off during adenosine perfusion MRI, both by qualitative and quantitative assessments. (unav.edu)
  • Background Adenosine is frequently used during coronary angiography to induce hyperaemia and allow operators to perform quantitative measurements of lesion severity. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • Pressure-sensitive guidewires may be inserted through a coronary stenosis and ratio of distal coronary pressure (Pd) divided by the aortic pressure (Pa) calculated during hyperaemia. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • Adenosine causes nonselective activation of four different receptors, including A2A-mediated vasodilation of the coronary microcirculation and 'off target' A2B receptor-mediated mast cell degranulation and bronchial constriction. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • The CFR could be invasively dependant on a Doppler-tipped guidebook wire inside a coronary artery and calculating blood flow speed at baseline and after inducing hyperemia having a vasoactive agent. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • 2014;9:e96630.16 The coronary microcirculatory reaction to adenosine is normally considered abnormal when the blood circulation increase is significantly less than 2.5 times that at baseline. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • RFR is a measure of the ratio of coronary blood flow at rest to maximum blood flow achievable during hyperemia (induced increase in blood flow). (drkathiresan.com)
  • Background: Both nitric oxide (NO) and adenosine A1 receptor activation mediate microvascular vasodilation during intestinal glucose absorption. (arizona.edu)
  • In earlier investigations it was demonstrated that the adenosine-mediated flow reserve (CFR) of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery is reduced to values in the lower normal range in most diabetic patients, indicating disturbance of microvascular flow dynamics [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For invasive testing, patient preparation and vascular access are important to focus on and specific drugs are used such as adenosine to induce hyperemia and acetylcholine to induce vasospasm and endothelial dysfunction. (acc.org)
  • The objective was to test the accuracy of Pd/Pa ratio registered during submaximal hyperaemia induced by non-ionic contrast medium (contrast FFR [cFFR]) in predicting FFR and comparing it to the performance of resting Pd/Pa in a collaborative registry of 926 patients enrolled in 10 hospitals from four European countries (Italy, Spain, France and Portugal). (unicatt.it)
  • Adenosine A1 receptor blockade completely prevented glucose-induced dilation of the premucosal arterioles. (arizona.edu)
  • Simultaneous application of both the NOS inhibitor and the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist gave the same reduction in glucose-induced dilation of the premucosal arterioles as the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist alone. (arizona.edu)
  • These data claim that JNK1 protects against palmitate and high glucose-induced -cell apoptosis connected with decreased ER and mitochondrial tension. (cgp60474.com)
  • Cyclic changes of MBF over the entire cardiac cycle in seven normal rats were analyzed quantitatively every 6ms at rest and during adenosine-induced stress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mechanisms of cerebrovascular dysregulation include direct vessel wall injury and reduced levels of vasodilators, including nitric oxide, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). (medscape.com)
  • Methods: Intravital videomicroscopy of the rat jejunum was used to record the vascular responses of inflow (termed 1A) arterioles, proximal (p3A), and distal (d3A) premucosal arterioles during exposure to isotonic glucose or mannitol solutions alone or in the presence of the selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor (L-NMMA), an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX)), or a K + ATP channel inhibitor (glibenclamide). (arizona.edu)
  • In addition, CBD abolished LPS-induced increases in tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cyclooxygenase-2 expression as measured by quantitative real time PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dipyridamole could also be used intravenously to inhibit phosphodiesterases that breakdown cAMP (raising cellular cAMP amounts) and in addition block mobile reuptake of adenosine with upsurge in extracellular adenosine focus. (opioid-receptors.com)
  • 16 , 17 Tryptase works by cleaving a specific site on the extracellular N-terminal domain of the receptor and releases a new N-terminal domain for the receptor, which acts as a tethered ligand by binding to the second extracellular loop of the receptor to induce intracellular signaling. (asahq.org)
  • Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was measured under systemic adenosine in 9,440 cases. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • Exposure of the peripheral C-fiber terminals to inflammatory mediators such as bradykinin, serotonin, prostaglandins, leukotriences, and protons induces depolarization of the terminals as evidenced by the generation of action potentials and/or sensitization of the terminals ( Basbaum, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • cFFR was obtained after intracoronary injection of contrast medium, while FFR was measured after administration of adenosine. (unicatt.it)
  • Invasive hemodynamic measurements were obtained using the Navvus microcatheter at baseline and before and after each specific intervention (angioplasty and/or directional atherectomy) without and then with hyperemia using intra-arterial adenosine. (clijournal.com)
  • Local ocular tolerance generally is good, however ocular reactions corresponding to punctate corneal erosions and conjunctival hyperemia do occur. (atpobtvs.com)
  • ATF4 activates the transcription of C/EBP homologous proteins (CHOP), considered to mediate palmitate-induced -cell loss of life [10], [11]. (cgp60474.com)
  • 7 The site of the incision has been documented to demonstrate signs of inflammation, including local edema, hyperthermia, hyperemia and pain, 8 , 9 indicating that surgery causes the cellular and vascular release of proinflammatory substances that mediate postoperative pain. (asahq.org)
  • In contrast, nongenomic actions are mediated by rapid cellular mechanisms, and induce transient vasoconstriction in the airway, thereby reversing inflammatory hyperperfusion. (ersjournals.com)
  • In proinflammatory cytokine-induced -cell apoptosis JNK activation is quite transient and rapid [20]. (cgp60474.com)
  • Unlike COX-1, COX-2 expression is dramatically induced by ischemia and appears to be an effector of tissue damage. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • PEMF's are extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields with a range from 0.25 Hz to 50 Hz.PEMF uses electrical energy to direct a series of magnetic pulses through tissue, whereby each magnetic pulse induces tiny electrical signals that stimulate and provide a virtual massage for the cells. (amwaveswellness.com)
  • 1975. Tumor growth inhibition by ammonium chloride-induced acidosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The magnitude of sympatholysis was calculated as the difference of LBNP-induced changes in forearm vascular conductance (FVC) between handgrip and rest. (researchgate.net)
  • n an article, "Therapeutic Light" - by Chukuku S. Enwemeka, PT, PhD, FACSM, he wrote "other reported mechanisms of light-induced beneficial effects include modulation of prostaglandin levels, alteration of somatosensory evoked potential and nerve conduction velocity, and hyperemia of treated tissues. (riverviewwellnesscenter.com)
  • Prior work has reported racial differences in exercise hyperemia without a difference in functional sympatholysis (52), highlighting that these outcomes can be dissociated. (researchgate.net)
  • MBF percentage relative variations were significantly different with 27.2 ± 9.3% at rest and 17.8 ± 7.1% during adenosine stress ( P = 0.014). (biomedcentral.com)
  • We observed that capsaicin-induced (0.1 μ m ) tracheal CGRP release was significantly enhanced in the LPS-treated animals after 5 hr. (jneurosci.org)
  • The true incidence of severe bronchospasm relating to adenosine administration is not known. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • We defined acute severe bronchospasm as acute dyspnoea and wheeze temporally related (within 5 min) to systemic adenosine administration with features of respiratory distress. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • This theoretical concept is supported by experimental results in animals fed a high fructose diet to induce MetS. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Tyramine induces local NA release and can. (researchgate.net)
  • Hepatic fructose metabolism rapidly consumes ATP resulting in increased adenosine production and hyperuricemia as well as elevated renin release and sympathetic activity. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • IL-1β-induced augmentation of CGRP release was blocked by Lys- d -Pro-Thr. (jneurosci.org)
  • Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography was performed that included pulsed tissue Doppler of the mitral annulus and CFR of the left anterior descending artery (induced by adenosine 0.14 mg/kg/min). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, we reviewed the current treatments available for neonates who have undergone intrapartum asphyxia, and highlight the emergence of maternal dietary creatine supplementation as a preventative therapy, which has been shown to provide multi-organ protection from birth asphyxia-induced injury in our preclinical studies. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our local protocol administers adenosine at a rate of 0.84 mg/kg/min through a large peripheral vein. (rcpe.ac.uk)
  • Insufficient hepatic O 2 in animal and human studies has been shown to elicit a hepatorenal reflex in response to increased hepatic adenosine, resulting in the stimulation of renal as well as muscle sympathetic nerve activity and activating the renin angiotensin system. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • In addition, corticosteroids seem to reverse components of the asthma-induced structural changes (airway remodelling), including the increased vascularity of the bronchial wall 24 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Long term and extreme ER tension induced -cell apoptosis is certainly connected with c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation [9], [15]. (cgp60474.com)
  • The adenosine stress-induced hypoperfused areas were found larger than regions with LGE (fibrosis), indicating that hypoperfusion may be a more sensitive marker of diseased myocardium. (dissertations.se)
  • Mean MBF during adenosine-induced stress was 12.8 ± 0.7mL g -1 min -1 (MBF Min = 11.7±1.0 at ES and MBF Max = 14.2 ± 0.7 mL g -1 min -1 at ED, P = 0.0007). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Seventeen MRFP studies (14 rest and 3 under adenosine- induced hyperemia) from 14 patients were acquired. (umn.edu)
  • JNK2 shRNA expressing INS1 cells didn't influence palmitate and high blood sugar induced apoptosis or ER tension markers, but increased appearance in comparison to non-sense shRNA expressing INS1 cells mRNA. (cgp60474.com)
  • Finally, JNK3 shRNA expressing INS1 cells didn't induce apoptosis in comparison to nonsense shRNA expressing INS1 cells when subjected to palmitate and high blood sugar but showed elevated caspase 9 and 3 cleavage connected with elevated and mRNA appearance. (cgp60474.com)