ChronicLymphomaChemotherapyMultiple myelomaRefractoryLymphocytesLymphomasMyelogenousPatientsMalignanciesMalignantLymphoblastic leukaemiaLymphoid cellsHodgkin'sChimericMutationsReceptorLymphaticClinicalBone marrowProliferationAllogeneicImmune responsePrognosisAntigensImmatureMelanomaCytokinesHematopoietic stem cellDifferentiationLymphocyteLeukapheresisProteinOncologyReceptorsPathwayMarkersImmunotherapyCytotoxicityGenetic abnormalitiesToxicityTumorsOccurStem cell transplantInstancesCD28CharacterizationDosesAutoimmuneBiomarkersCD123TherapeuticSevereGENESApoptosisCancerous cells
Chronic24
- Vibecotamab(XmAb-14045) is under development for the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myeloid leukemia. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
- In this review, we aim to summarize the composition of CAR-T cell and its application in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), multiple myeloma (MM), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (hindawi.com)
- However, from the beginning of puberty after thymus degeneration, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) persists due to the chronic activation of cytomegalovirus in humans causing repeated activation of T cells, which is considered the driving factor of human immune aging [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Methotrexate-induced lung disease, including acute or chronic interstitial pneumonitis, is a potentially dangerous lesion, which may occur acutely at any time during therapy and has been reported at low doses. (nih.gov)
- This persistence signature was also detected in two adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia with decade-long remissions who received a different CD19 CAR-T cell product. (nature.com)
- An exception was long-lived CAR-T cells in two adult individuals with a different cancer-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)-in whom anti-CD19 CAR-T cells have persisted for almost a decade thus far 7 . (nature.com)
- The purpose of the study is to find out if an investigational drug called PRGN-3007 UltraCAR-T cells (PRGN-3007 T cells) can help people with ROR1-positive hematologic chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and solid tumor triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) malignancies. (moffitt.org)
- Reverse Phase Protein Array Profiling Identifies Recurrent Protein Expression Patterns of DNA Damage-Related Proteins across Acute and Chronic Leukemia: Samples from Adults and the Children's Oncology Group. (viictr.org)
- The technique has also shown preliminarily promising outcomes in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma in clinical trials targeting CD19, CD20, CD22, CD30 and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), with many more under investigation. (bdbiosciences.com)
- We and others have extensively evaluated the PRAME expression in various hematological malignancies and demonstrated high expression of the PRAME gene in subsets of AML, chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma. (elsevierpure.com)
- This blood cancer is divided into several groups based on whether the leukemia is fast growing (acute leukemias) or slower growing (chronic leukemias), and whether it starts in myeloid cells (myeloid or myelogenous leukemias) or lymphoid cells (lymphoblastic or lymphocytic leukemias). (lls.org)
- Over the past 10 years, The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) has invested more than $52 million to accelerate pioneering research in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a blood cancer characterized by the development of too many white blood cells called lymphocytes. (lls.org)
- Outcomes for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have dramatically improved over the past 50 years. (lls.org)
- Fludara (fludarabine) is a cancer medication used to treat B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). (rxlist.com)
- Similar severe central nervous system toxicity, including coma, seizures, agitation and confusion, has been reported in patients treated at doses in the range of the dose recommended for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (rxlist.com)
- Malignant expansions of NK cells, either acute or chronic, are rare, but represent well-identified clinical entities. (mhmedical.com)
- Toward a Chemotherapy-Free Future for CLL Drs Bruce Cheson and Kanti Rai discuss some of the highlights in chronic lymphocytic leukemia clinical research from the 2015 American Society of Hematology meeting. (medscape.com)
- What to Expect in Hematologic Malignancies Dr Bruce Cheson previews the most important trials being presented at ASCO 2015 on Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute and chronic leukemia, and multiple myeloma. (medscape.com)
- CLL: It's the Best -- and Most Confusing -- of Times Dr Bruce Cheson and Dr Susan O'Brien discuss data presented at the 2014 ASH meeting on chronic lymphocytic leukemia, with a focus on the CLL10 trial as well as ibrutinib, idelalisib, and ADT-199. (medscape.com)
- CLL's 'Very Unusual Year' Dr. Bruce Cheson discusses how to choose among the new, exciting options available for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: obinutuzumab, ibrutinib, and idelalisib. (medscape.com)
- 197 5b ), rare cases of chronic lymphatic leukemia (Brouet et al. (science-connections.com)
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by progressive accumulation of phenotypically mature malignant B lymphocytes. (msdmanuals.com)
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common type of leukemia in the Western world. (msdmanuals.com)
- In chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CD5+ B cells undergo malignant transformation. (msdmanuals.com)
Lymphoma33
- development codes SGN-19A or SGN-CD19A) is a humanized monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate designed for the treatment of CD19-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (wikipedia.org)
- Preliminary phase I results for B-cell malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B-lineage acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) were presented at the ASH medical conference Dec 2015. (wikipedia.org)
- CAR-T cells, which incorporate an antibody-derived extracellular receptor and T cell derived intracellular signaling domains, have shown convincing outcomes in certain types of leukemia and lymphoma, including commercial licensure of CD19 CAR-Ts for the treatment of relapsed/ refractory large B cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Leukemia and Lymphoma , 44 (3), 439-444. (elsevierpure.com)
- Chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy targeting the B cell specific differentiation antigen CD19 has shown clinical efficacy in a subset of relapsed/refractory (r/r) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. (frontiersin.org)
- Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most frequent form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). (frontiersin.org)
- The need for new treatments for AML remains urgent, which is why The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) has invested approximately one quarter of its research doll. (lls.org)
- The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society® (LLS) is a global leader in the fight against cancer. (lls.org)
- The LLS mission: Cure leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and myeloma, and improve the quality of life of patients and their families. (lls.org)
- The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society is a 501(c)(3) organization, and all monetary donations are tax deductible to the fullest extent allowed by tax laws. (lls.org)
- Lymphoma b cell. (lookformedical.com)
- B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
- Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
- Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. (lookformedical.com)
- A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. (lookformedical.com)
- ASH 2014: If You're Going to San Francisco… Dr Bruce Cheson previews important data being presented at the upcoming ASH 2014 meeting, including studies of CLL, Hodgkin lymphoma, and the role of interim PET scans in large cell lymphoma. (medscape.com)
- Ibrutinib Results RESONATE in Refractory CLL Drs. Bruce Cheson and Myron Czuczman discuss lymphoma and leukemia highlights from ASCO 2014, including the RESONATE and SEXIE trials and emerging antibody-drug conjugates. (medscape.com)
- What to Watch in Lymphoma, Leukemia Dr. Bruce Cheson reviews a wealth of practice-changing and practice-confirming studies from the lymphoma and leukemia sessions at ASCO 2014. (medscape.com)
- 1975). Although the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a DNA virus of the herpes group, is implicated in some aspect of Burkitt's lymphoma, a B-cell disease (De- The 1980), the etiology of all the T -cell neoplasias is, as of yet, obscure. (science-connections.com)
- When bovine leukemia virus (BLV), a causative agent of B-cellleukemia and lymphoma of cows, is injected into sheep, lymphoid leukemia and lymphoma, including a cutaneous form, occur which to our knowledge have not been subclassified (Olson 1979). (science-connections.com)
- About 2 to 10% of CLL cases develop into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (called Richter's transformation). (msdmanuals.com)
- however, because lymphoblastic lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are known to represent the same disease entity, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification has unified these entities as precursor B-cell and T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. (medscape.com)
- Many investigators have suggested that both lymphoblastic lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) may be part of one clinical spectrum of a single malignant lymphoproliferative disorder . (medscape.com)
- Although several subtypes of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma exist, early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is the only subtype recognized as an entity in the revised 2016 WHO tumor classification. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] ETP-ALL frequently has mutations in RUNX1 and/or ETV6 in addition to genes that are more commonly associated with myeloid neoplasms and are otherwise rare in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (such as FLT3 , IDH1/2 , TET2 , and DNMT3A mutations). (medscape.com)
- Non-ETP subtypes of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, in contrast, are associated with activating NOTCH1 mutations in over half of all patients and an additional 10% to 15% of cases have FBXW7 mutations, which also result in increased NOTCH signaling. (medscape.com)
- T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) accounts for 25-30% of childhood NHL and is closely related to T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). (medscape.com)
- The estimated overall incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma in Europe is 1.28 per 100 000 individuals annually, with significant age-related variations (0.53 at 45-54 years, ∼1.0 at 55-74 years and 1.45 at 75-99 years). (medscape.com)
- Over 80 cases of anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma have been reported in patients with silicone breast implants and have been accepted as a new clinical entity. (biomedcentral.com)
- To the best of our knowledge, an intravascular large B-cell lymphoma associated with a silicone breast implant has not been reported previously. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, the histological examination unexpectedly also revealed an intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. (biomedcentral.com)
- The genetic background of our patient with silicone breast implants might have predisposed her to three rare and difficult to diagnose syndromes/diseases: macrophage activation syndrome/hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants, and intravascular large B-cell lymphoma. (biomedcentral.com)
- Simultaneous manifestation of fulminant infectious mononucleosis with haemophagocytic syndrome and B-cell lymphoma in X-linked lymphoproliferative disease. (lu.se)
Chemotherapy12
- Traditionally, the treatment of hematological malignancies is administrated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. (hindawi.com)
- Once the process is complete, the NK cells can be transplanted to patients without prior chemotherapy. (biologynews.net)
- [ 10 ] More recently, it was described in patients with other forms of severe immunodeficiency including those associated with chemotherapy, organ transplant, and leukemia. (medscape.com)
- However, relapsed ALL remains a leading cause of childhood death despite intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy often including allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (nature.com)
- For examples, Rhenen et al showed that a high percentage of CD34 + CD38 - stem cells at diagnosis significantly correlated with a high minimal residual disease frequency and subsequently to relapse especially after the third course of chemotherapy in AML patients. (researchsquare.com)
- Nearly every breakthrough in cancer treatment has emerged from our support of leukemia research, from chemotherapy to groundbreaking CAR T-cell immunotherapy. (lls.org)
- The five-year survival rate for a child with leukemia 50 years ago was a dismal 3%, but with the advent of combination chemotherapy as standard of care in the 1960s, increasing understanding of the disease, and more recent discoveries of novel therapeutics, cures are now possible in children. (lls.org)
- The TOWER study was a Phase 3 randomized study investigating the efficacy of blinatumomab versus SOC chemotherapy in 405 adult patients with Ph- relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor ALL. (astellas.com)
- New Hodgkin's Protocol: Brentuximab Vedotin and Nivolumab The new treatment protocol may advance the goal of phasing out the use of nonspecific, cytotoxic chemotherapy as a treatment for this disease. (medscape.com)
- No chemotherapy within 3 weeks of entry into study and must have recovered from acute toxic effects of prior therapy. (knowcancer.com)
- An allogeneic stem cell transplant is a procedure that is performed to repair the damage caused by high-dose chemotherapy. (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
- High-dose chemotherapy (HDC) kills more cancer cells than lower-dose conventional chemotherapy. (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
Multiple myeloma1
- This gene was also expressed in some of the hematological malignancies, including acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma. (elsevierpure.com)
Refractory8
- Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
- Multidrug resistance parameters, tissue infiltration parameters, receptors for colony-stimulating factors (CSFr) and cell cycle parameters were analyzed using flow cytometry in 145, 109 initial and 36 relapsed or refractory, acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) patients to find out clinically more reliable functional parameters. (karger.com)
- In the context of relapsed and refractory childhood pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL), CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells often induce durable remissions, which requires the persistence of CAR-T cells. (nature.com)
- CAT CAR-T cells showed greater cytotoxicity and proliferative responses in vitro and maintained long-lived molecular remissions in children with relapsed or refractory ALL, as demonstrated in the CARPALL study 3 . (nature.com)
- President and CEO Yoshihiko Hatanaka "Astellas") today announced that an application was submitted in Japan for the marketing authorization for bispecific CD19-directed CD3 T cell engager (BiTE ® ) antibody construct blinatumomab (Genetically Recombination) (generic name, development code: AMG 103, "blinatumomab") to treat relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (astellas.com)
- Improved outcomes for relapsed or refractory ALL patients calls for the development of drugs such as blinatumomab which demonstrate efficacy as a monotherapy and have mechanisms of action dissimilar to cytotoxic agents. (astellas.com)
- In November 2015, the EU granted conditional marketing authorization for blinatumomab for the treatment of adults with Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph-) relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor ALL. (astellas.com)
- In a multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase 2 study on patients with relapsed or refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the distribution of any grade neurologic ir-AEs frequency was 52% among patients receiving blinatumomab, and grade 3 or 4 neurologic ir-AEs occurred in 11% and 2% patients, respectively [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
Lymphocytes10
- First described in 1975, NK cells were initially identified as a distinct sub-population of lymphocytes by their capacity to spontaneously lyse tumor cells ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Cytotoxic T lymphocytes cannot eliminate EBV from the body, but they are essential in maintaining the latent state of the infection. (medscape.com)
- In states of immune dysfunction in which the number of EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes is decreased, there is an increase in the number of circulating EBV-infected B cells. (medscape.com)
- A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
- They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation. (lookformedical.com)
- A classification of B-lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (lookformedical.com)
- Natural killer (NK) cells, with a predominant morphology of large granular lymphocytes, represent a lineage of lymphoid cells with constitutive ability to mediate cytotoxicity toward pathologic target cells and secrete cytokines. (mhmedical.com)
- Such cells are known as "tumor infiltrating lymphocytes" (TILs). (biopharmconsortium.com)
- He or she then expands the numbers of the antitumor T lymphocytes in cell culture, using the T-cell growth factor, IL-2. (biopharmconsortium.com)
- Rapid detection of intracellular SH2D1A protein in cytotoxic lymphocytes from patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease and their family members. (lu.se)
Lymphomas7
- Malignant lymphomas, which may regress following withdrawal of methotrexate, may occur in patients receiving low-dose methotrexate and, thus, may not require cytotoxic treatment. (nih.gov)
- Engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies (CAR-T) are now commercially available to treat certain leukemias and lymphomas. (bdbiosciences.com)
- The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)
- Methotrexate, a folic acid analog/antimetabolite, can be curative for women with choriocarcinoma and is also useful for non-Hodgkin lymphomas and acute lymphocytic leukemias (ALLs) in children. (medquizzes.net)
- 1975), and all patients with cutaneous T -cell lymphomas (mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, and nodular papulosis) (Lutzner et al. (science-connections.com)
- Hence, in our initial attempts to develop cell lines from patients with T -cell neoplasias, we chose clinical subpopulations which represent a more mature form of disease, namely, the cutaneous T -cell lymphomas and leukemias and E-rosette positive T -cell ALL (Gupta and Good 1980). (science-connections.com)
- Lymphoblastic leukemias/lymphomas are neoplasms of precursor T cells and B cells or lymphoblasts. (medscape.com)
Myelogenous2
- When given to mice with aggressive human leukemias, these NK cells reduced the circulating human acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells by 60 to 85 percent. (biologynews.net)
- DNA Damage Response-Related Proteins Are Prognostic for Outcome in Both Adult and Pediatric Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Patients: Samples from Adults and from Children Enrolled in a Children's Oncology Group Study. (viictr.org)
Patients31
- T cell immune protection plays a pivotal role in the treatment of patients with hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
- The clinical course of PCP is usually more acute and severe in HIV -negative patients compared to HIV -positive patients. (amboss.com)
- Graft-versus-host disease is a common side effect of patients receiving stem cell transplants, which results when the T cells in the transplanted blood react against the patient's own cells. (biologynews.net)
- These immature stem cells were easier to match to patients, especially those from non-Caucasian ethnicities, and could be stored for use as needed. (biologynews.net)
- Zweidler-McKay also predicts this type of transplant could be used for adults who have already had a transplant or for those adult and pediatric patients who aren't candidates for other stem cell transplants due to blood counts or illness. (biologynews.net)
- Like other cytotoxic drugs, methotrexate may induce "tumor lysis syndrome" in patients with rapidly growing tumors. (nih.gov)
- It is unclear whether one can generalize from two adult patients treated for CLL to other hematological malignancies and patient groups, in particular to childhood ALL, or to other CAR-T cell products. (nature.com)
- We studied 15 consecutive patients with high-risk or relapsed CD19 + B-ALL treated with CD19 CAR-T cell therapy on the CARPALL study ( NCT02443831 ) and in whom adequate CAR-T cells could be isolated for subsequent analyses from cryopreserved samples of blood or bone marrow. (nature.com)
- Interestingly, the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells were highly expressed in bone marrow of patients with AML compared to that of healthy controls (HC). (researchsquare.com)
- Additionally, the high levels of the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells in AML patients were an independently significant poor risk factor for overall survival and event free survivals. (researchsquare.com)
- In this study, we focused on measuring LSCs easily in the bone marrow cells from AML patients by developing a four-color flow cytometric analysis. (researchsquare.com)
- Our studies suggest that CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells have the potential of leukemic stem cells in AML patients. (researchsquare.com)
- Fertile male and female patients must be willing to use a contraceptive method before, during, and for at least 12 months after the last T cell infusion. (moffitt.org)
- In addition, we have demonstrated that PRAME was a useful marker for detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with leukemia, particularly those leukemias in which tumor specific markers are currently unavailable. (elsevierpure.com)
- It is, therefore, an attractive strategy to apply PRAME specific immunotherapy on patients with PRAME positive leukemia in MRD condition. (elsevierpure.com)
- Blood cell and serum markers, along with clinical data of DLBCL patients who were scheduled for CART cell therapy were evaluated to search for biomarkers predicting CART cell responsiveness. (frontiersin.org)
- Compared to healthy controls (n=24), DLBCL patients (n=33) showed significant lymphopenia, due to low CD3 + CD4 + T helper and CD3 - CD56 + NK cell counts, while cytotoxic CD3 + CD8 + T cell counts were similar. (frontiersin.org)
- Twenty-six patients were infused with CART cells (median 81 days after leukapheresis) and were analyzed for the overall response (OR) 3 months later. (frontiersin.org)
- Low frequency of differentiated CD3 + CD27 - CD28 - T cells at leukapheresis represents a novel pre-infusion blood biomarker predicting a favorable response to CART cell treatment in r/r DLBCL patients. (frontiersin.org)
- When used at high doses in doseranging studies in patients with acute leukemia , FLUDARA (fludarabine) FOR INJECTION was associated with severe neurologic effects, including blindness, coma, and death. (rxlist.com)
- Functional evaluation of natural killer cell cytotoxic activity in NFKB2-mutated patients. (cusabio.com)
- In the blinatumomab arm, this included 35% of patients that had relapsed post-allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (alloHSCT), and excluded those with late first relapse (≥ 12 months after initial remission). (astellas.com)
- The discovery, characterization, and purification of human T -cell growth factor (TCGF) has led to the establishment of continuously growing T -lymphoblast cell lines from normal people and from patients with certain T -cell neoplasias. (science-connections.com)
- A novel retrovirus, human T -celllymphomaleukemia virus (HTLV), has been isolated from the fresh and cultured cells of two of these patients. (science-connections.com)
- Subsequent characterization of this virus has shown that it is not significantly related to any known animal retrovirus, is not an endogenous (genetically transmitted) virus of man, and so far has been associated only with fresh or cultured T -cells from patients with T -cell neoplasia. (science-connections.com)
- Patients who achieve a complete remission to initial treatment and then experience a cancer recurrence are said to have relapsed leukemia. (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
- For some patients, an allogeneic stem cell transplant offers a possibility for control or cure of adult ALL. (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
- Current methods used to predict or monitor the activity of infused T cells in patients provide limited data on treatment efficacy ( 6 , 7 ). (snmjournals.org)
- Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), a humanized monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody, is the first anti-PD-1 antibody approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer [ 4 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Adoptive cellular therapy transmits the sensitized T cells to patients with low cellular immune function, which helps patients obtain antitumor immunity. (hindawi.com)
- Cost-Effectiveness of Next-Generation Sequencing Versus Single-Gene Testing for the Molecular Diagnosis of Patients With Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer From the Perspective of Spanish Reference Centers. (cdc.gov)
Malignancies10
- However, T cell exhaustion might lead to the possibility of immune escape of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
- However, CAR-T cells can also produce some adverse events after treatment of hematological malignancies, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and on-target/off-tumor toxicity, which may cause systemic immune stress inflammation, destruction of the blood-brain barrier, and even normal tissue damage. (hindawi.com)
- It is noted that T cell has great potential for immunotherapy of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
- In addition, the isolation and storage of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells have been used to rebuild the immune system for the treatment of hematological malignancies and might be promising for the dynamic equilibrium expansion of functional T cells [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
- We examined the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells on bone marrow samples of hematologic malignancies and healthy controls using four-color flow cytometry experiments. (researchsquare.com)
- Investigational cell therapies are addressing a wide range of hematological malignancies. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Deoxycoformycin(DCF)/Pentostatin is a T-cell cytotoxic drug with previously reported responses in lymphoid malignancies but larger studies are needed. (knowcancer.com)
- It would seem reasonable then to survey human T -cell malignancies for the presence of retroviruses. (science-connections.com)
- Successful treatment of B-cell malignancies with CD19-CAR T cells was a milestone for this approach ( 4 , 5 ). (snmjournals.org)
- Related studies have reported that the complete response rate of CD19-CAR-T cells in hematological malignancies is approximately 88-90% [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Malignant5
- Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
- Normally, potentially malignant cells are continuously eliminated by the immune system, but cancer cells can accumulate certain mutations, which allow them to escape these mechanisms [ 2 ]. (nature.com)
- CAR-modified immune cells are expanded until sufficient cell numbers are attained and are adoptively transferred into the patient to fight malignant cells. (nature.com)
- 1975) have required the establishment of continuously growing cell lines from the disease of origin or cocultivation of these cells with previously established cell lines, the ability to grow malignant T -cells in long-term culture could facilitate the isolation of retroviruses from these diseased states. (science-connections.com)
- Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) targeting CD19 on malignant B cells and CD3 on normal host T cells. (hindawi.com)
Lymphoblastic leukaemia3
- Vibecotamab is under clinical development by Xencor and currently in Phase I for B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia). (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
- According to GlobalData, Phase I drugs for B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia) have a 90% phase transition success rate (PTSR) indication benchmark for progressing into Phase II. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
- Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Noonan syndrome. (lu.se)
Lymphoid cells2
- Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. (lookformedical.com)
- 1 , 2 NK cells are now considered to belong to the cellular subgroup that is characterized by the production of interferon (IFN)- γ within the family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), a family of developmentally related cells involved in innate immunity and tissue development. (mhmedical.com)
Hodgkin's1
- The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. (lookformedical.com)
Chimeric7
- The advent of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy in recent years has transformed the treatment of intractable ALL 2 . (nature.com)
- The agreement is based on one of the improvements to ACT discussed in the December 2011 Nature cancer immunotherapy review , in which autologous T cells isolated from patient blood (not from tumors) are engineered with retroviral vectors carrying chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). (biopharmconsortium.com)
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies are on the verge of becoming powerful immunotherapeutic tools for combating hematological diseases confronted with pressing medical needs. (nature.com)
- One way to achieve this is to genetically modify immune cells, mainly T cells and recently also natural killer (NK) cells, to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). (nature.com)
- There remains an urgent need for the noninvasive tracking of transfused chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells to determine their biodistribution, viability, expansion, and antitumor functionality. (snmjournals.org)
- Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) endow T cells with antigen-specific recognition, activation, and proliferation independent of major histocompatibility complex ( 1 - 3 ). (snmjournals.org)
- Adoptive cellular therapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, has gained unprecedented success among hematologic tumors [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mutations6
- Spliceosome mutations are common in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), but the oncogenic changes due to these mutations have not been identified. (cancer-genetics.org)
- The B cells become continuously activated by acquisition of mutations that lead to monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL). (msdmanuals.com)
- FHL is an autosomal recessive disease caused by several mutations in the NK/T-cell cytotoxic pathway. (medscape.com)
- [ 10 ] Other genetic causes involve mutations in genes regulating the packaging, transport, or release of cytotoxic granules. (medscape.com)
- Mutations of FLT3, NRAS, KRAS, and PTPN11 are frequent and possibly mutually exclusive in high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (lu.se)
- PTPN11, RAS and FLT3 mutations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (lu.se)
Receptor7
- The most active T cell endogenous inhibitory pathway is the immunoglobulin superfamily such as CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4): B7-1/B7-2 receptor/ligand grouping, which plays a central role in coordinating immune responses [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
- In this study, we systematically analyzed CD19 CAR-T cells of 10 children with R/R B-ALL enrolled in the CARPALL trial via high-throughput single-cell gene expression and T cell receptor sequencing of infusion products and serial blood and bone marrow samples up to 5 years after infusion. (nature.com)
- Moreover, the CD34 + CD38 - progenitor cells expressed variable amounts of the target receptor CD33, CD133 and c-kit (CD117) [ 20 ]. (researchsquare.com)
- Transferred T cells that persist in the blood and form memory have a phenotype consistent with a less differentiated state (CD27/CD28/IL-7 receptor-α) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) was the dominant alternatively spliced isoform in MDS and AML and is characterized by a longer isoform that retains exon 4, which encodes IRAK4-long (IRAK4-L), a protein that assembles with the myddosome, results in maximal activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of B cells (NF-κB) and is essential for leukaemic cell function. (cancer-genetics.org)
- Classical " CARs consist of an extracellular binding domain mostly derived from a monoclonal antibody fragment (single-chain variable fragment-scFv), which is linked to intracellular binding domains of the T-cell receptor complex. (nature.com)
- The present invention also relates to antigen-binding proteins, or antigen-binding fragment conjugated to a radioisotope or cytotoxin, and wherein said antigen-binding proteins, or antigen-binding fragment is internalised into a cell upon binding to AXL receptor tyrosine kinase. (justia.com)
Lymphatic2
- There are various clinical presentations of T -lymphocytic neoplasia in man, including approximately 25% of both childhood and adult acute lymphatic leukemia (Brouet et al. (science-connections.com)
- check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)
Clinical7
- There is compelling clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in the recognition and eradication of tumors. (frontiersin.org)
- Of note, CD19, CD20, CD30, CD33, CD123, and CD269 as ideal targets have shown extraordinary potential for CAR-T cell therapy and other targets such as CD23 and SLAMF7 have brought promising future for clinical trials. (hindawi.com)
- Clinical activity of TIL therapy has also been reported in other cancer types, including human papillomavirus-associated cancers, cholangiocarcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). (biomedcentral.com)
- Building off experience in hematopoietic stem cell transplant and exploiting advances in genetic engineering, genome editing, immunology, immunotherapy, stem cell biology, understanding disease mechanisms and cell therapy manufacturing, considerable progress has been made with hundreds of clinical trials underway. (bdbiosciences.com)
- T cell-targeted immunomodulators such as monoclonal antibodies against PD-1 or CTLA4 may be used in combination with CAR-T cells in clinical trials. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Most CAR-T cell-based gene therapy products that are under clinical evaluation consist of autologous enriched T cells, whereas CAR-NK cell-based approaches can be generated from allogeneic donors. (nature.com)
- In this review, we are going to take a closer look at the commercial CAR-T cell therapies, as well as on CAR-T and CAR-NK cell products, which are currently under evaluation in clinical trials, that are being conducted in Germany. (nature.com)
Bone marrow4
- Prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) or donor lymphocyte infusion within 6 months prior to enrollment, current acute graft versus host disease grade 2-4 by Glucksberg criteria or severity B-D by by International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry (IBMTR) index or history of severe (grade 3-4) acute graft versus host disease. (moffitt.org)
- Leukemia is a cancer of the early blood-forming cells and it usually begins in the bone marrow. (lls.org)
- While the ten year survival rates were less than 20% with the use of cytotoxic agents in the 1970's, and improved to 50% with bone marrow transplants, the biggest improvements occurred within the last 20 years after the approval of an oral therapy, known as imatinib. (lls.org)
- Unfortunately, HDC also kills more normal cells, especially the blood-producing stem cells in the bone marrow. (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
Proliferation7
- However, as tumors progress, cancerous cells develop immunosuppressive mechanisms that circumvent NK cell-mediated killing, allowing for tumor escape and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
- They are the active compounds, and they slow the growth of cancer cells inhibiting their proliferation and metabolism. (canadianfpharmacy.com)
- Transcriptome and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed c-Myc as a new and direct downstream target of XBP1 for regulation of NK cell proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
- Solute carrier family 34 member 2 (SLC34A2), a family member of sodium-driven phosphate cotransporters, has been reported to facilitate cell proliferation and tumor growth. (bvsalud.org)
- Functionally, TMPRSS3 deficiency inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation in CRC cells. (bvsalud.org)
- Based on these results, our study suggests that SLC34A2 promotes cancer proliferation and cell cycle progression by targeting TMPRSS3 in colorectal cancer cells. (bvsalud.org)
- The first reported case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) was described in 1952 by Farquhar and Claireaux, [ 1 ] who called the disease familial hemophagocytic reticulosis and described it as a rare familial disorder characterized by a proliferation of histiocytes in solid organs and phagocytosis of blood cells. (medscape.com)
Allogeneic3
- Solid tumors, autoimmune diseases, graft versus host disease (GvHD), genetic diseases and neurodegenerative diseases are investigated using many types of autologous and allogeneic cells with rapidly evolving cell engineering and editing approaches. (bdbiosciences.com)
- An allogeneic stem cell transplant utilizes stem cells collected from a related or unrelated donor or from umbilical cord blood. (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
- For more information go to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant . (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
Immune response8
- Acute infection in a host who is immunocompetent leads to a Th-1-mediated cellular immune response, with the production of specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies and subsequent formation of immune complexes. (medscape.com)
- Here, we review tumor-NK cell interactions, discuss the mechanisms by which NK cells generate an antitumor immune response, and discuss NK cell-based therapeutic strategies targeting activating, inhibitory, and co-stimulatory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
- An important class of innate immune cells that play a critical role in mediating the antitumor immune response is the natural killer (NK) cell. (frontiersin.org)
- By neutralizing Trx1 in TME, an aTRX mAb is hypothesized to reduce Treg and other suppressive cells and activate T effector cells, thereby resulting in anti-tumor immune response and reduction in formation of pre-metastatic niche. (obliquet.com)
- The use of cell therapies, drivers of immune response, and trends in immunotherapy were the focus of the Immunotherapy Bridge (November 30th-December 1st, 2022), organized by the Fondazione Melanoma Onlus, Naples, Italy, in collaboration with the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
- The use of cell therapies, drivers of immune response, and trends in immunotherapy were the focus of the Immunotherapy Bridge (November 30th-December 1st, 2022). (biomedcentral.com)
- p52 binds to the kappa-B consensus sequence 5'-GGRNNYYCC-3', located in the enhancer region of genes involved in immune response and acute phase reactions. (cusabio.com)
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are antibodies that target crucial signaling pathways, such as programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), to improve the activation of T cells and enhance the immune response to cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
Prognosis1
- NK cell infiltration into tumor tissue is associated with better disease prognosis in colorectal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and lung carcinomas ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
Antigens5
- One is the ability to administer large numbers of highly selected cells with high avidity for tumor antigens that can recognize shared and patient-specific mutated (neo) antigens. (biomedcentral.com)
- 1 T cells are engineered to express CARs through viral vectors, enabling them to recognize specific target antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
- CAR-expression on T or NK cells allows them to specifically target cancer cells via recognition of tumor associated antigens. (nature.com)
- The addition of separate adapter molecules (AMs) specific for tumor antigens and CAR-immune cells targeting these AMs allows a more precise and temporally limited therapy. (nature.com)
- and human T -cell antigens recognized by certain monoclonal antibodies on both immature and mature T -cells. (science-connections.com)
Immature3
- B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common type of childhood cancer and mostly derives from immature B cells that carry the cell surface antigen CD19 (ref. 1 ). (nature.com)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive, rapidly-progressing disease in which the immature blood cells do not develop properly and grow uncontrollably. (lls.org)
- This condition arises from immature T cells in more than 80% of cases and immature B cells in the remainder of cases. (medscape.com)
Melanoma5
- PRAME (Preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma), highly expressed in various solid tumor cells and normal testis, was first isolated as a human melanoma antigen recognized by cytotoxic T cells (CTL). (elsevierpure.com)
- Here, we show that activation of APLNR up-regulates IFN-γ signaling in melanoma cells through APLNR mediated ß-arrestin 1 but not ß-arrestin 2 recruitment. (bvsalud.org)
- Taken together, our findings reveal that APLNR modulates IFN-γ signaling in melanoma cells and suggest that APLNR may be a potential target to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
- This blog post, which was in part based on an article in the April 2011 issue of T he Scientist , described a treatment for metastatic melanoma known as adoptive cell transfer (ACT), or adoptive immunotherapy. (biopharmconsortium.com)
- The cost of ACT is, however, much lower than a full course of other immunotherapies, such as the dendritic cell vaccine Provenge (which is not indicated for melanoma) or the immunotheraputic MAb drug ipilimumab, both of which cost approximately $120,000. (biopharmconsortium.com)
Cytokines5
- Cytokines, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfers, and especially checkpoint inhibitors constitute valuable elements in the immunotherapeutic armamentarium. (frontiersin.org)
- However, CD56 dim NK cells can produce cytokines, specifically IFN-γ, after cell triggering via NKp46 of NKp30 activating receptors or after stimulation with combinations of IL-2, IL-12, and IL-15 ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
- The fourth generation of CAR-T design attempts to deliver cytokines to modulate the tumor microenvironment either by activating host effector T cells or hampering host suppressors and reinforcing memory T cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
- These experimental cytokine-producing CAR-Ts, called T cells redirected for universal cytokine killing (TRUCKs), can deliver a variety of cytokines, such as IL-12, IL-15, IL-18 or IL-21. (bdbiosciences.com)
- In vitro , CD3 + CD8 + CD27 - CD28 - compared to CD3 + CD8 + CD27 + CD28 + CART cells displayed similar CD19 + target cell-specific cytotoxicity, but were hypoproliferative and produced less cytotoxic cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α). (frontiersin.org)
Hematopoietic stem cell1
- Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. (cdc.gov)
Differentiation3
- NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. (cusabio.com)
- T -cell differentiation is characterized by the successive gain or loss of certain cell surface markers and cytoplasmic enzymes which precede or coincide with the development of immunologic functions (Gupta and Good 1980). (science-connections.com)
- S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. (cancerindex.org)
Lymphocyte1
- There is also a need for rational combinations beyond interleukin (IL)-2 and programmed death (PD)-1/ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 immune checkpoint blockade and to combat exhaustion and restore costimulatory functions, e.g., with gene-engineered or pharmacologic agent-treated TILs. (biomedcentral.com)
Leukapheresis1
- Patient PBMCs are collected by leukapheresis followed by enrichment approaches to isolate T cells while removing other cells such as B cells, monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells and contaminating tumor cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Protein5
- The recent FDA approvals of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-targeted checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab mark the latest successes in the rapidly expanding field of cancer immunotherapies. (frontiersin.org)
- This gene product is a bZIP protein, which was also identified as a cellular transcription factor that binds to an enhancer in the promoter of the T cell leukemia virus type 1 promoter. (cancerindex.org)
- Here, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) and its substrate transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) drive NK cell responses against viral infection and tumors in vivo. (cancerindex.org)
- TMPRSS3 overexpression in SLC34A2-deficient cells antagonized siSLC34A2-mediated cell cycle inhibition by promoting cyclin E, cyclin A protein expression. (bvsalud.org)
- DAbR1 was subcloned together with green fluorescent protein into an SFG-retroviral vector and used to transduce CD3/CD28-activated primary human T cells and second-generation 1928z (CAR) T cells. (snmjournals.org)
Oncology1
- Patrick Zweidler-McKay, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor of pediatrics from the Children's Cancer Hospital at M. D. Anderson, has shown an effective method for expanding the number of NK cells from a single cord blood unit while retaining the cells' anti-leukemia effects, as presented at the American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology annual conference on May 16. (biologynews.net)
Receptors8
- Xencor 's Vudalimab is a bispecific antibody that simultaneously targets immune checkpoint receptors PD-1 and CTLA-4 and is designed to promote tumor-selective T-cell activation. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
- NK cell activation and the triggering of effector functions is governed by a complex set of activating and inhibitory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
- This distinction for teclistamab, an off-the-shelf, T-cell redirecting, a bispecific antibody targeting both BCMA and CD3 receptors, follows a PRIME designation from the EMA received earlier this year. (mississippichronicle.com)
- Related T cell approaches such as engineered T cell receptors also show promise. (bdbiosciences.com)
- opposing effects of activating and inhibitory receptors regulate NK cell activity. (mhmedical.com)
- Apoptosis, one of the better-known forms of regulated cell death, is activated when cell-surface death receptors like Fas are engaged by their ligands (the extrinsic pathway) or when BCL-2-family pro-apoptotic proteins cause the permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (the intrinsic pathway). (bvsalud.org)
- Although there are many immunologic and cytochemical differences between mature hu man T- and B-Iymphocytes, human T -cells are primarily distinguished by their participation in cell mediated immunity and possession of receptors for sheep red blood cells. (science-connections.com)
- The elaboration of immunoglobulins and presence of receptors for EBV are most characteristic of human B-cells. (science-connections.com)
Pathway3
- IRE1α-XBP1 were essential for expansion of activated mouse and human NK cells and are situated downstream of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. (cancerindex.org)
- A total of 45 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from comparing SLC34A2-high or -low groups and functional enrichment analysis of these DEGs demonstrated that cell cycle pathway was enriched. (bvsalud.org)
- [ 2 ] HLH is caused by a defect in inflammatory signals that results in uncontrolled hypercytokinemia, usually in a setting of congenital or acquired defective natural killer (NK)/T-cell function in the cytotoxic pathway. (medscape.com)
Markers1
- Population-based attributes for Social Exclusion Index (SEI) and household size may be useful surrogate markers of early exposure to childhood infections, which has been found to decrease the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (medscape.com)
Immunotherapy4
- instead of targeting tumor cells, the goal of immunotherapy is to augment and expand the immune system's intrinsic antitumor response. (frontiersin.org)
- Novel understanding in the interaction between immune system and cancer cells of the patient holds great promise for immunotherapy development [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
- This has led to the need for new immunotherapy-based approaches, including adoptive cell transfer (ACT), therapeutic vaccines, and novel immune checkpoint inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
- This has resulted in the development of additional immunotherapy-based approaches, including adoptive cell transfer (ACT), therapeutic vaccines, and inhibitors of other immune checkpoints. (biomedcentral.com)
Cytotoxicity2
- Additionally, a 11-year prospective cohort study of Japanese inhabitants linked low peripheral-blood NK cell cytotoxicity with increased cancer risk ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
- The leucovorin does not spare cancer cells: just as they cannot take up MTX well, they cannot take up the rescue agent and save themselves from cytotoxicity. (medquizzes.net)
Genetic abnormalities2
- Further accumulation of genetic abnormalities and subsequent oncogenic transformation of monoclonal B cells leads to CLL. (msdmanuals.com)
- HLH has been traditionally divided into a primary form, which typically manifests in children with documented genetic abnormalities of the cytotoxic function of NK cells and T cells, and a secondary form that tends to occur at older ages in the setting of an associated condition, such as infection and malignancy, without an identifiable genetic abnormality. (medscape.com)
Toxicity2
- This essential technique to reduce host cell toxicity in response to methotrexate (MTX) therapy is often referred to as leucovorin (folinic acid) rescue. (medquizzes.net)
- 1980. Acute toxicity tests: Unleaded motor gasoline. (cdc.gov)
Tumors5
- However, a class of important immune-modulators is conspicuously absent: agents that utilize the power of innate immune cells to eradicate tumors. (frontiersin.org)
- B-cell lymphoid tumors that occur in association with AIDS. (lookformedical.com)
- Natural killer (NK) cells were identified in the blood and lymphoid organs of humans and experimental animals as cells capable of killing tumors, virus-infected cells, and, in some instances, normal cells, in the absence of previous deliberate or known sensitization. (mhmedical.com)
- The infused T cells traffic to tumors and can mediate their destruction. (biopharmconsortium.com)
- However, the success of CAR T-cell therapy for solid tumors has been limited so far, and the mechanisms for the tumor's treatment resistance are not well understood. (snmjournals.org)
Occur2
- However, recent studies clearly indicate that spontaneous translocations specific to acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) actually occur much more frequently than do leukemia cases with the same translocations. (bioone.org)
- When stem cells reach critically low levels from HDC, complications such as anemia, infection and bleeding can occur. (kahlertregionalcancer.org)
Stem cell transplant2
- However, Zweidler-McKay and co-senior investigator Elizabeth Shpall, M.D., professor in M. D. Anderson's Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, have found a novel process to increase NK cells in cord blood more than 30-fold, generating more than 150 million NK cells from one cord blood unit while maintaining their activation to find and kill acute leukemia cells. (biologynews.net)
- However, in 1988, researchers found cord blood to be another source for stem cell transplantation. (biologynews.net)
Instances1
- In several instances these leukemias involve T -cells. (science-connections.com)
CD281
- Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showed that low levels of differentiated CD3 + CD27 - CD28 - T cells (23.3 ± 19.3% versus 35.1 ± 18.0%) were independently associated with OR. (frontiersin.org)
Characterization1
Doses2
- In such cases we need to give very large doses of MTX to establish a high concentration gradient that essentially "drives" it into the cells. (medquizzes.net)
- In addition, the feasibility of imaging of DAbR1-positive T cells in vivo after intravenous injection of 86 Y/ 177 Lu-AABD was studied and radiation doses determined. (snmjournals.org)
Autoimmune1
- A histological examination of the capsule tissue showed an extensive lymphohistiocytic/giant cell foreign body reaction suggestive of autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants. (biomedcentral.com)
Biomarkers1
- Despite this heterogeneous response, blood pre-infusion biomarkers predicting responsiveness to CART cell therapy are currently understudied. (frontiersin.org)
CD1231
- It is an extended bi-specific monoclonal antibody which contains both tumor antigen binding domain CD123 and cytotoxic T-cell binding domain (CD3 binding domain). (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Therapeutic6
- Therapeutic intervention aims to reverse tumor-induced NK cell suppression and sustain NK cells' tumorlytic capacities. (frontiersin.org)
- These results support the evaluation of cord blood-derived NK cells as a potential immuno-therapeutic approach in acute leukemias. (biologynews.net)
- In addition, this cell population might be a novel therapeutic target for AML. (researchsquare.com)
- Lately, CAR-NK cell therapies have also come into focus as novel therapeutic options to address hurdles related to CAR-T cell therapies, such as therapy-induced side effects. (nature.com)
- Prior to infusion of the CAR-modified immune cells, lymphodepletion is performed in most therapeutic settings to allow efficient cell engraftment [ 10 ]. (nature.com)
- Suitability of an antigen for therapy is dependent on various factors including but not limited to the nature of the antigen (e.g. accessibility, abundance, location of expression on cancerous cells etc.), therapeutic approach, antibody affinity and other pharmacokinetic properties. (justia.com)
Severe2
GENES2
- Besides modification based on a second-generation CAR, more advanced CAR-immune cell therapeutics are being tested, which utilize precise insertion of genes to circumvent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) or employ a dual targeting approach and adapter CARs in order to avoid therapy resistance caused by antigen loss. (nature.com)
- Subsequently, cells are transduced with CAR-encoding genes using (mostly) viral vectors. (nature.com)
Apoptosis3
- One method is to target senescent T cells which have selective apoptosis function. (hindawi.com)
- Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. (lookformedical.com)
- Both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis lead to the activation of a family of proteases, the caspases, which are responsible for the final cell demise in the so-called execution phase of apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
Cancerous cells2
- To date, diverse immunotherapeutic modalities have been accepted as viable strategies for eliminating cancerous cells. (frontiersin.org)
- NK cells operate differently from T cells, leaving normal cells alone while targeting and killing the cancerous cells. (biologynews.net)