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EndophthalmitisEye Infections, BacterialKeratitisCorneal UlcerCataract ExtractionOphthalmologic Surgical ProceduresVitrectomyPhacoemulsificationVitreous BodyEye Infections, FungalPostoperative ComplicationsAcanthamoeba KeratitisAza CompoundsAnti-Bacterial AgentsPseudomonas InfectionsCorneaTamarindusOphthalmic SolutionsContact LensesKeratitis, HerpeticKeratitis, DendriticQuinolinesPseudomonas aeruginosaStaphylococcus epidermidisCefuroximeStaphylococcal InfectionsVisual AcuityEye Injuries, PenetratingEpithelium, CornealPrednisoloneEye InfectionsBacillaceae InfectionsBacteriaAnti-Infective AgentsStaphylococcus aureusFusariosisEye InjuriesAcanthamoebaMicrobial Sensitivity TestsEye Foreign BodiesRetinal Vein OcclusionVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AIntravitreal InjectionsMacular EdemaOphthalmologyRetinal VeinCytokines

Bleb-related endophthalmitisProphylaxisPosttraumatic endophthalmitisCataract surgeryPenetrating keratoplastyVisual acuityIncidenceInflammatoryOcularSubacuteExogenousChronicWound infectionsInfectionInfectionsImmunocompetentInfectiousDependsDiagnosisSevereDiseasePatientsStudyFungalCornealEndogenous endophthalmitisConjunctivitisIsolatesOphthalmologyNecrosisVitrectomyOphthalmicIntravitrealIntravenousComplicationsPrognosisOrganismOfloxacinInflammationsSignificantly lowerCasesDevelopRapidCultureCaseAnalysis

Bleb-related endophthalmitis1

• Source of pathogens is the ocular surface (e.g., in postoperative, keratitis-related, and bleb-related endophthalmitis) or the environment (e.g., in posttraumatic endophthalmitis). (eophtha.com)

Prophylaxis2

• For example, no topical antibiotic is currently approved for endophthalmitis prophylaxis. (crstoday.com)
• Polymyxin-trimethoprim with a quinolone was used as chronic topical antibiotic prophylaxis in both groups after the first postoperative month. (hindawi.com)

Posttraumatic endophthalmitis1

• When the inflammation is severe, systemic and periocular therapy may be used in non-cataract-induced, delayed onset, filtering bleb-associated, and posttraumatic endophthalmitis. (medscape.com)

Cataract surgery2

• The incidence of endophthalmitis is considerably higher in PK patients than cataract surgery patients, particularly if the vitreous is invaded or if the donor died of infection. (aao.org)
• 4,5 The frequency of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery and trauma ranges from 0.07% to 0.13% and 2.4 to 17%, respectively, as previously reported in the literature. (eophtha.com)

Penetrating keratoplasty2

• Section 3, Penetrating Keratoplasty: Postoperative Management. (aao.org)
• Endophthalmitis after penetrating keratoplasty. (aao.org)

Visual acuity2

• Outcome measures recorded at the 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up visits included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and rates of postoperative complications. (hindawi.com)
• Early Postoperative Visual Acuity and Visual Field Change Following Filtration Surgery in Advanced Glaucomatous Damaged Eyes. (jkos.org)

Incidence3

• To identify the incidence of endophthalmitis and visual outcomes in eyes with Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis combined with pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil insertion (KPro + PPV + SOI) as compared to eyes receiving Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis (KPro) alone. (hindawi.com)
• In this study, we report our observation that patients with KPro combined with pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil insertion have a lower incidence of infectious endophthalmitis than those with KPro alone. (hindawi.com)
• The incidence of fungal endophthalmitis has increased in recent years, particularly in developing countries. (eophtha.com)

Inflammatory3

• Bacterial endophthalmitis (see the image below) is an inflammatory reaction of the intraocular fluids or tissues caused by microbial organisms. (medscape.com)
• When a graft is edematous from the first postoperative day and remains so without inflammatory signs, a deficiency of donor endothelium should be suspected (Fig 15-3). (aao.org)
• Photomicrograph of tissue biopsy stained with Gomori methenamine silver demonstrating acute inflammatory response and organisms compatible with Nocardia. (medscape.com)

Ocular3

• If not properly treated, bacterial endophthalmitis can result in complete vision loss and persistent ocular pain. (medscape.com)
• Bacterial endophthalmitis is an ocular emergency, and urgent treatment is required to reduce the potential of significant visual loss. (medscape.com)
• Endophthalmitis is a potentially devastating ocular disease that may lead to permanent loss of vision. (eophtha.com)

Subacute1

• Pleuropulmonary nocardiosis manifests as an acute, subacute, or chronic pneumonitis, usually in immunocompromised hosts, although isolated cases have been reported in immunocompetent hosts. (medscape.com)

Exogenous2

• Bacterial endophthalmitis is classified on the basis of routes of entry (ie, exogenous or endogenous). (medscape.com)
• Fungal endophthalmitis can be classified into exogenous and endogenous types. (eophtha.com)

Chronic1

• causes bacterial meningitis, fulminating septicaemia, pulmonary and ophthalmic infections, chronic synovitis (joint pain/inflammation), skin diseases, wound infections and postoperative urinary tract infections. (microgeninc.com)

Wound infections1

• Postoperative wound infections due to Nocardia species are rare, but case clusters of nosocomial transmission have been described. (medscape.com)

Infection2

• In the early days of the pandemic when information on COVID-19 infection was lacking, all COVID-19 positive patients were admitted into acute hospitals for. (annals.edu.sg)
• Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its corresponding coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported as a cluster of pneumonia cases in. (annals.edu.sg)

Infections3

• A spectrum of immune dysregulation has been described following SARS-CoV-2 infections-from the cytokine storm in the acute phase, to hyperinflammatory syndromes that occur after. (annals.edu.sg)
• 1-3 Unlike bacterial infections, we do not have much choice of medications in fungal infections. (eophtha.com)
• Patients are usually treated as bacterial infections and would have received steroids before they are diagnosed to have fungal endophthalmitis. (eophtha.com)

Immunocompetent1

• This is a multi-center, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial of suppressive valacyclovir for one year in immunocompetent study participants with an episode of dendriform epithelial keratitis, stromal keratitis, endothelial keratitis, and/or iritis due to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) in the year prior to enrollment. (stanford.edu)

Infectious1

• One catastrophic complication of KPro is infectious endophthalmitis. (hindawi.com)

Depends2

• The long-term success of a PK depends on appropriate postoperative management and conscientious patient adherence. (aao.org)
• The prognosis of fungal endophthalmitis depends on the magnitude of intraocular involvement, the virulence of the organism, and the timing of treatment. (eophtha.com)

Diagnosis2

• If these measures are not successful, the diagnosis of herpetic keratitis (Fig 15-4) should be considered even if this was not the underlying reason for the graft. (aao.org)
• E arly diagnosis of fungal endophthalmitis is important in order to prevent irreversible damage to the retina and prevent visual loss. (eophtha.com)

Severe1

• causes severe bacterial mastitis in cattle, characterized by thick, purulent (pussy) secretion. (microgeninc.com)

Disease1

• causes a bacterial upper respiratory disease in pigs, resulting in lethargy, cough, and other breathing difficulties. (microgeninc.com)

Patients1

• Bacterial Conjuntival Flora in Dry Eye Patients. (jkos.org)

Study1

• 6 In a retrospective study of 170 culture-positive postoperative endophthalmitis cases in India, 21.8% of cases were due to fungi. (eophtha.com)

Fungal2

• however, several studies have shown that visual acuity is not a useful factor in assessing the presence of endogenous fungal endophthalmitis in patients who are at risk. (medscape.com)
• Up to 20% of cases of fungal keratitis (particularly candidiasis) are complicated by bacterial coinfection. (medscape.com)

Corneal4

• Factors associated with poor visual outcomes included infection of the right eye, initial poor visual acuity, corneal edema, and detection of a bacterial species other than coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species. (medscape.com)
• This was a retrospective study on 13 patients who developed acute postoperative endophthalmitis, along with an infiltrate at the corneal section, after an uneventful cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation. (nih.gov)
• Different bacterial toxins and enzymes (including elastase and alkaline protease) may be produced during corneal infection, contributing to the destruction of corneal substance. (medscape.com)
• Scar tissue formation with the presence of corneal vascularization may be the end result of a bacterial keratitis. (medscape.com)

Endogenous endophthalmitis2

• Aspergillus endogenous endophthalmitis tends to present more acutely than Candida endophthalmitis and to progress more rapidly. (medscape.com)
• His recent history of Aspergillus and Nocardia pneumonia with positive bronchoalveolar lavage, in concert with vitritis and subretinal abscess, were concerning for endogenous endophthalmitis. (springeropen.com)

Conjunctivitis3

• A fourth-generation fluoroquinolone ophthalmic indicated for bacterial conjunctivitis, gatifloxacin elicits a dual mechanism of action by possessing an 8-methoxy group, thereby inhibiting the enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. (medscape.com)
• Gatifloxacin is indicated for bacterial conjunctivitis. (medscape.com)
• Indicated to treat bacterial conjunctivitis. (medscape.com)

Isolates5

• To report the clinical presentation and outcomes of cluster postcataract Burkholderia cepacia complex endophthalmitis, the source of infection and clonal relatedness of the isolates. (nih.gov)
• To determine the antibacterial activity of newer fluoroquinolones and compare their activity between ciprofloxacin-susceptible and resistant bacterial isolates from patients with keratitis and endophthalmitis. (nih.gov)
• The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin was determined for 123 bacterial isolates, using E test. (nih.gov)
• The bacterial isolates were divided into three groups: susceptible/intermediate/resistant to ciprofloxacin. (nih.gov)
• 20. Spectrum of aetiological agents of postoperative endophthalmitis and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates. (nih.gov)

Ophthalmology1

• Although postoperative endophthalmitis occurs in less than 0.1% of cataract procedures, the consequences can include anatomical or functional loss of the eye, the team writes in JAMA Ophthalmology online July 25. (medscape.com)

Necrosis1

• Acute inflammatory cells (mainly neutrophils) surround the beginning ulcer and cause necrosis of the stromal lamellae. (medscape.com)

Vitrectomy3

• Although most patients currently undergo binary treatment, the use of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or intravitreal injections and rapid bacterial identification and characterization (especially for virulence and antibiotic resistance) could guide clinicians in adapting the therapy regimen to each patient," the researchers conclude. (medscape.com)
• Vitrectomy was performed to diagnose and treat endophthalmitis. (bmj.com)
• Here, we present a case of Nocardia endophthalmitis that was treated with serial amikacin injections and pars plana vitrectomy. (springeropen.com)

Ophthalmic1

• Because Nocardia is a rare ophthalmic infection, there is sparse literature describing cases of Nocardia endophthalmitis. (springeropen.com)

Intravitreal1

• Ahmed et al reported that intravitreal, rather than intravenous, vancomycin is necessary for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis. (medscape.com)

Intravenous1

• The most common risk factor for the development of endogenous Candida endophthalmitis is intravenous drug abuse. (medscape.com)

Complications2

• Bacterial keratitis remains one of the most important potential complications of contact lens use. (medscape.com)
• This is one of the most feared complications of bacterial keratitis that may result in secondary endophthalmitis and possible loss of the eye. (medscape.com)

Prognosis1

• NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Aug 01 - Bacterial virulence level is the main predictor of visual prognosis in patients who develop acute bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery, researchers from France report. (medscape.com)

Organism1

• Problem is, depending on the report, 1/3 or more of patients with infection do not yield an identifiable organism with non-PCR bacterial culture. (medscape.com)

Ofloxacin1

• A pyridine carboxylic acid derivative with broad-spectrum bactericidal effect, ofloxacin inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting DNA gyrase. (medscape.com)

Inflammations1

• Treats acute inflammations following eye surgery or other types of insults to eye. (medscape.com)

Significantly lower1

• The diversity of bacterial populations was significantly lower in the group with positive results for predominant bacteria according to culture and metagenomic analysis. (bmj.com)

Cases2

• However, the differentiation between infection and inflammation is sometimes difficult with these methods, particularly in cases with a negative result from the bacterial culture, warranting the exploration of more comprehensive diagnostic approaches. (bmj.com)
• Metagenomic analysis successfully detected the causative pathogen in endophthalmitis cases with both positive and negative results from the bacterial culture. (bmj.com)

Develop1

• Approximately 25,000 Americans develop bacterial keratitis annually. (medscape.com)

Rapid1

• In addition, arrangements with laboratories can be made so that rapid PCR analysis can be obtained in the event of suspected endophthalmitis," he told Reuters Health by email. (medscape.com)

Culture2

• Bacterial culture and metagenomic analysis of the vitreous body were performed. (bmj.com)
• The structures of bacterial populations significantly differed between the positive and negative groups by culture and metagenomic analysis. (bmj.com)

Case1

• To compare the bacterial composition in each case, α and β diversities were determined. (bmj.com)

Analysis2

• The (new) report does give impetus to surgeons to obtain sufficient samples (vitreous is best but not always possible, aqueous if vitreous is not available) for PCR analysis so that virulent organisms can be identified if present," said Dr. Neal Shorstein from Kaiser Permanente in Walnut Creek, California, who was not involved in the research but has studied endophthalmitis. (medscape.com)
• Objective To evaluate the usefulness of metagenomic analysis in the search for causative organisms of bacterial endophthalmitis. (bmj.com)