Activation of genes downstream of nf. Medical search. Frequent questions

NF-κB induces many downstream gene expressions, which initiates the canonical proinflammatory pathway. (wikipedia.org)
75,76 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibits apoptosis by activating NF-κB and its downstream pathway, including IL6 and IL8, in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells, whereas it promotes apoptosis in androgen-dependent cancer cells. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Pterostilbene could alleviate diabetic cognitive impairment by suppressing TLR4/NF-кB pathway through microbiota-gut-brain axis - Phytother Res 2023 Apr 10 - 'Diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is a serious neurodegenerative disorder caused by diabetes, with chronic inflammation being a crucial factor in its pathogenesis. (qualitycounts.com)
This study investigated the effect of acylated synthetic ghrelin (AG) on the survival and proliferation of human chemosensitive ovarian cancer cells (A2780) and explored some mechanisms of action with a focus on the p53 apoptotic pathway and PI3K/Akt and NF- κ B survival pathways. (hindawi.com)
Ligation of integrin α2β1 on collagen prevents flow-induced NF-κB activation through a p38-dependent pathway that is activated locally at adhesion sites. (rupress.org)
These results reveal a new PKR activation pathway during VACV infection, in which the K1 protein reduces dsRNA levels early in VACV infection to directly inhibit PKR and several of its downstream antiviral effects, thereby enhancing virus survival. (elsevierpure.com)
Epistasis analysis suggests that the Toll pathway acts as a downstream modulator for JNK-dependent cell death. (sdbonline.org)
In addition, gain of JNK signalling results in Toll pathway activation, revealed by stimulated transcription of Drosomycin ( Drs ) and increased cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation of Dorsal. (sdbonline.org)
Furthermore, the Spätzle (Spz) family ligands for the Toll receptor are transcriptionally upregulated by activated JNK signalling in a non-cell-autonomous manner, providing a molecular mechanism for JNK-induced Toll pathway activation. (sdbonline.org)
This paper explores the involvement of the Toll/NF-kappaB pathway in the localized activation of wound repair genes around epidermal breaks. (sdbonline.org)
Robust activation of wound-induced transcription from ple and Ddc requires Toll pathway components ranging from the extracellular ligand Spatzle to the Dif transcription factor. (sdbonline.org)
This provokes tumor cell-intrinsic inflammatory signaling, mediated by aberrant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. (escholarship.org)
This leads to the activation of the cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes) cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway and downstream noncanonical NF-κB signalling. (escholarship.org)
In this project we proposed to test the hypothesis that activation of IKKs and down-stream NF-kB survival signaling pathway is a critical event during tumorigenesis in prostate. (dtic.mil)
Several downstream targets of the NF-kB pathway were also down-regulated, and apoptosis-associated genes CASP3 and PARP were activated. (oncotarget.com)
In conclusion, this study represents the first demonstration that DHX15 plays an important role in leukemogenesis via the NF-kB signaling pathway and may serve as an independent prognostic marker for AML. (oncotarget.com)
Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α dampens Notch signaling and canonical NF-κB pathway in skeletal muscle of adult mice. (elifesciences.org)
These results suggest that RSV prevents diabetes-induced renal inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation possibly through Akt/NF- κ B pathway inhibition. (hindawi.com)
The NF-κB pathway is extinguished in murine lymphoma cells, and extrinsic stimuli typically inducing NF-κB activity fail to activate this pathway. (ashpublications.org)
Genetic activation of the NF-κB pathway induces apoptosis in these cells, whereas inhibition of NF-κB by an IκBα superrepressor provides a selective advantage in vivo. (ashpublications.org)
Several MYC-induced pathways, such as activation of the p53/ARF pathway, changes in expression, and activity of BCL2 proteins or alterations in death receptor signaling have been linked to apoptosis. (ashpublications.org)
9 ] who proposed that the activation of NF-κB by TRIF-dependent pathway is a result of a secondary response to TNFα, which is induced by IRF3 (this latter activated by the TLR4/TRIF-mediated pathway in the first response to LPS) and signals through the TNFα receptor (TNFR)/RIP1 pathway to activate NF-κB. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, we show that this peptide inhibits calcification by hindering transdifferentiation of SMCs by interacting with PIT-1 to inhibit the activation of NF-κβ and its downstream BMP2/p-SMAD pathway, effectively reducing the expression of osteogenic genes and inhibiting apoptosis while promoting metabolism. (rwth-aachen.de)
A genome-wide study in a northern European population replicated the association of SLE with susceptibility genes related to B-cell receptor pathway signaling, as well as confirmed the association of SLE with genes at the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5)-TNPO3 locus. (medscape.com)
Many of the genes implicated thus far can be categorized as involved in B-lymphocyte activation, apoptosis, or the interferon-signaling pathway. (medscape.com)

Transient overexpression of UBCv1 impaired activation of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors induced by several agonists of these pathways. (mdpi.com)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Further investigations showed that pterostilbene reduced the level of lipopolysaccharide, modulated colon and brain TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, and decreased the release of inflammatory factors, which in turn inhibited intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation. (qualitycounts.com)
By subverting lethal epithelial responses to cytosolic DNA, chromosomally unstable tumour cells co-opt chronic activation of innate immune pathways to spread to distant organs. (escholarship.org)
One of the central anti-apoptotic pathways in cells is mediated by NF-kB nuclear factor kappa-B transcription factors. (dtic.mil)
Skeletal muscle regeneration is regulated by coordinated activation of multiple signaling pathways. (elifesciences.org)
Through PLCG1 and the downstream protein kinase C-regulated pathways controls synaptic plasticity. (biossusa.com)
The regulatory mechanisms of activation of these two pathways and their interactions during the IIR are only partially known. (biomedcentral.com)
Our in silico findings report that there is cross-regulation between both pathways at the level of gene transcription regulation, mediated by the presence of binding sites for both factors in promoters of genes essential for these pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
We present an extended crosstalk diagram of the IRF - NF-κB pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper we analyze crosstalk between the two major signaling pathways in the IIR system, namely the NF-κB and IRF pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Knowledge about the crosstalk between NF-κB and IRF pathways may be crucial for determining the outcome of viral infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Taking these findings into consideration it seems logical, that activity of IIR depends on cooperation of both arms of this system and indicate that NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways are highly interconnected and that these interconnections influence the kinetics of the IIR [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper we examine evidence for a direct crosstalk of the NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways at the lowest level, between main transcription factors and genes coding for these transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite this membrane-proximal effect, TNF selectively uncouples downstream signalling pathways, as is shown by the dramatic suppression of calcium signalling responses, while Ras/ERK activation is spared. (biomedcentral.com)
Upon engagement, these receptors activate a series of signaling pathways resulting in upregulation of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα ), interleukin 1β (IL-1β ), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). (docksci.com)
In addition, it prevents VC by reducing the transdifferentiation of SMCs to osteoblast-like cells by reducing the expression of osteogenic genes via the BMP2 and β-catenin pathways. (rwth-aachen.de)

Overexpression of genes associated with transcription, apoptosis, proliferation, cell-cell interaction and inflammation were observed in ruptured plaque. (tum.de)
Overexpression of genes associated with transcription, apoptosis, prol. (tum.de)
During treatment with taxanes, BCL2 is phosphorylated, which prevents heterodimerization with other BCL family genes, thereby promoting apoptosis. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
PKR is a potent antiviral molecule that can terminate infection by inhibiting protein synthesis and stimulating NF-κB activation and apoptosis. (elsevierpure.com)
There is mounting experimental evidence that NF- kB is activated during tumorigenesis in different tissues, and that NF-kB is critically important for cell protection against apoptosis induced by different treatments including chemotherapeutic drugs and gamma-irradiation. (dtic.mil)
The released NF-kB factors then translocate to the nucleus and activate kB-responsive genes involved in cell growth, apoptosis, and metastasis. (dtic.mil)
We further explored the mechanism of DHX15 in apoptosis and found that overexpression of DHX15 activated NF-kB transcription. (oncotarget.com)
Furthermore, in human Burkitt lymphoma cells we find that NF-κB activation induces apoptosis. (ashpublications.org)
We conclude that c-MYC overexpression sensitizes cells to NF-κB-induced apoptosis, and persistent inactivity of NF-κB signaling is a prerequisite for MYC-mediated tumorigenesis. (ashpublications.org)
Several genes related to the worm's unique life history which are known to play important roles in apoptosis, cell proliferation, and aging were also identified. (biomedcentral.com)

NF-κB up-regulates Fas and predisposes to Fas-induced cell death, which is caspase-8 mediated and can be prevented by CFLAR overexpression. (ashpublications.org)
Pretreatment with specific PKR inhibitor or overexpression of p58IPK largely abolished the changes in inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion in p58IPK null macrophages. (docksci.com)
In human and mouse cells lacking Spir-1, IRF3 and NF-κB-dependent gene activation is impaired, whereas Spir-1 overexpression enhanced IRF3 activation. (ox.ac.uk)
Expected and potentially novel resistance genes are enriched in the top hits and are validated using individual sgRNA as well as cDNA overexpression. (cdc.gov)

Only K1 proteins with PKR inhibitory function prevented downstream NF-κB activation. (elsevierpure.com)
The key to NF-kB regulation is the inhibitory kB IkB proteins which retain NF-kB in an inactive form in the cytoplasm. (dtic.mil)
Function of RSV has been extensively explored for its powerful antioxidant capacity and specific effects on proteins and/or signaling cascades, such as Sirt1, adenosine monophosphate activated kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and JNK/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- B) in DN both in vivo and in vitro [ 8 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:A systematic search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed and ScienceDirect up to July 2010, combining the keywords "preterm birth," "TLR", "RAGE", "danger signal", "alarmin", "genomewide," "microarray," and "proteomics" with specific expression profiles of genes and proteins. (shengsci.com)
About half of the genes and proteins specifically present in preterm birth have the properties of endogenous ligands "alarmin" for receptor activation. (shengsci.com)
hRSV is an enveloped virus with a negative-stranded, non-segmented RNA genome containing 10 genes distributed along 15.2 kilobases in the order 3′-NS1-NS2-N-P-M-SH-G-F-M2-L-5′ and encoding 11 proteins [8]. (fortunejournals.com)
The responses are initiated when pathogen-associated or damage-associated molecular patterns are recognized by specific cell surface receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and C-type lectin receptors or cytoplasmic proteins including the retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptors and NOD-like receptors (NLRs)1. (docksci.com)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Toll-like receptor 5, also known as TLR5, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TLR5 gene. (wikipedia.org)
In most gram-positive bacteria, this operon consists of five genes dltXABCD but the involvement of the first ORF ( dltX ) encoding a small protein of unknown function, has never been investigated. (frontiersin.org)
Administration of CCN1 protein or soluble JAG1 induced cholangiocyte proliferation in mice, which was blocked by inhibitors of NF-κB or NOTCH signaling. (jci.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the CMGC family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
Aberrations of AR, erythroblast transformation-specific ( ETS ) genes, Tumor protein 53 (TP53), and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) occurred in 40%-60% of 150 mCRPC cases in a recent study. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
In both control and Cis-treated cells, AG treatment significantly increased PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and enhanced the nuclear accumulation of NF- κ B. Concomitantly, in both control and Cis-treated cells, AG significantly lowered the protein levels of p53, p-p53 (Ser16), PUMA, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-3. (hindawi.com)
High glucose has been shown to induce inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein kinase C (PKC), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity in both clinical and experimental systems ( 7 - 12 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
These protein kinases are currently seen as a target of choice to specifically inhibit NF- kB activity. (dtic.mil)
Stimulation of TLRs (Toll-Like Receptors) by a pathogen induces activation of signal transduction cascades, which leads to translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) to the nucleus [ 1 ], activation of interferon regulatory factors 3/7 (IRF3/7) and/or activator protein-1 (AP-1), which cooperate to induce transcription of various cytokines such as alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β) to counteract infection [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on the distinct phylogeny of the polymerase (L) protein and the presence of a conserved M2 gene, both of which are involved in transcriptional regulation and virus morphology, hRSV was renamed human Orthopneumovirus to fit with its taxonomical classification as a member of the Orthopneumovirus genus ( Pneumoviridae family) [7]. (fortunejournals.com)
p58IPK is a molecular chaperone that regulates protein homeostasis through inhibiting eIF-2α kinases including double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), which has been recently implicated in inflammasome activation. (docksci.com)
This is illustrated with protein Spir-1 that is an actin nucleator, but, as shown here, also functions to enhance innate immune signalling downstream of RNA sensing by RIG-I/MDA-5. (ox.ac.uk)
[ 10 ] The protein products of the HLA genes are critical components of cell-to-cell communication in the immune system. (medscape.com)
Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)

This was not explained by degradation of IkappaBbeta, IkappaBepsilon, or p105 nor nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. (nih.gov)
Translocation of NF-κB leads to activation of the genes for IL-6, stress response elements, and many antiapoptotic elements such as IAPs. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
Knockdown of DHX15 inhibited the nuclear translocation and activation of the NF-kB subunit P65 in leukemia cells. (oncotarget.com)
KMS99220 lowered phosphorylation of IκB, nuclear translocation of NFκB, induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and generation of nitric oxide in BV2 cells that had been challenged with lipopolysaccharide. (en-journal.org)

Differential IkappaB kinase activation and IkappaBalpha degradation by interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human U937 monocytic cells. (nih.gov)
The IkappaB kinases (IKKs) lie downstream of the NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK) and activate NF-kappaB by phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. (nih.gov)
High glucose increased TLR expression, myeloid differentiation factor 88, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65-dependent activation in THP-1 cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
Furthermore, overexpressing URG4/URGCP increased - whereas knockdown of URG4/URGCP decreased - VEGFC expression, NF-κB transcriptional activity, the levels of phosphorylated (but not total) IκB kinase (IKK) and IκB-α, and expression of TNFα, IL-6, IL-8 and MYC in HCC cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The use of a muscle creatine kinase germline knockout of the gene encoding Ire1/Ern1 shifts the focus from traditional studies of tissue repair toward the regenerating myofibers. (elifesciences.org)
We discovered that IKKe works redundantly along with TBK1, the major effector kinase downstream of STING. (monash.edu)

We conclude that members of the NF-κB family may directly impact regulation of IRF family, while IRF members impact regulation of NF-κB family rather indirectly, via other transcription factors such as AP-1 and SP1. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively, these results suggest a novel and crucial role of p58IPK in regulation of inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion in macrophages. (docksci.com)
Achieving systematic, genome-scale perturbations within intact biological systems is important for elucidating gene function and epigenetic regulation. (cdc.gov)

The NF-κB and IRF transcription factor families are major players in inflammation and antiviral response and act as two major effectors of the innate immune response (IIR). (biomedcentral.com)
While both cell types supported productive replication of all viruses, airway-derived tissue constructs elicited greater induction of genes associated with antiviral responses than did corneal-derived constructs. (cdc.gov)

The TLR family plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. (wikipedia.org)
Dr De Nardo received his PhD in 2009 from the University of Melbourne, Australia, where he developed a keen interest in macrophage activation by the innate immune system. (monash.edu)

Activation of IκB kinases contributes to the nuclear localization of NF-κB (a proinflammatory cytokine). (wikipedia.org)
Additional studies revealed that PKC-α, PKC-δ, and p47Phox knockdown significantly abrogated high-glucose-induced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion. (diabetesjournals.org)
RESULTS:This paper provides data on TLR and RAGE levels and critical downstream signaling events including NF-kappaB-dependent proinflammatory cytokine expression in preterm birth. (shengsci.com)
Indeed, there are now compelling data to suggest that chronic cytokine activation may contribute substantially to the phenotype and effector function of synovial T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
For cytokine genes, at least three stages are thought to be required for the acquisition of transcriptional competence in T cells: an initiation phase, a commitment phase, and a phase of acute gene transcription (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

Herein we investigate the role of p58IPK in TLR4 signaling and inflammasome activation in macrophages. (docksci.com)
Primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) was isolated from p58IPK knockout (KO) and wildtype (WT) mice and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ATP to activate TLR4 signaling and stimulate inflammasome activation. (docksci.com)
Furthermore, immunoprecipitation assay confirmed the binding of p58IPK with PKR, but not other TLR4 downstream signaling molecules. (docksci.com)

STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) is then activated by cGAMP to produce key immune mediators, such as interferons (IFNs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines to elicit a protective anti-viral immune response. (monash.edu)
Research on NF-κB-deficient cells has shown that the initial kinetics of the type I interferon (IFN) response depends on concurrent NF-κB activation [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In GPR120 activation and subsequent inhibition of proinflammatory TAK1 signaling and downstream NF-B responses [122]. (flapinhibitor.com)
Changes in focal adhesions, cytoskeletal organization and gene expression are major responses of endothelial cells to shear stress. (ox.ac.uk)

Therapeutically these data are important as inhibition of the NIK-IKK-IkappaBalpha cascade may not produce equivalent reductions in NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression. (nih.gov)
Additionally, inhibition of NF-κB activity in HCC cells abrogated URG4/URGCP-induced NF-κB activation and angiogenic capacity. (biomedcentral.com)
demonstrated that RSV prevented high glucose-induced kidney mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through inhibition of high glucose-induced JNK and NF- B activation, NADPH oxidase activity elevation, and reactive oxygen species production [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
p58(IPK) suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production via inhibition of PKR in macrophages. (docksci.com)

However, TLR5 interaction with H. pylori only induces weak TLR5 activation. (wikipedia.org)
These findings demonstrate that CCN1 induces cholangiocyte proliferation and ductular reaction and identify CCN1/α v β 5 /NF-κB/JAG1 as a critical axis for biliary injury repair. (jci.org)
These data suggest that VACV infection induces PKR activation by a currently unknown mechanism. (elsevierpure.com)

Whereas endothelial cells plated on fibronectin or fibrinogen activate NF-κB in response to flow, cells on collagen or laminin do not. (rupress.org)
Originally, it was thought that only intermediate and late gene transcription produced double-stranded (ds) RNA to activate PKR during vaccinia virus (VACV) infection. (elsevierpure.com)
Using a similar approach for HeLa cells, intermediate gene transcription was sufficient to activate PKR. (elsevierpure.com)

The recruitment of MyD88 leads to subsequent activation of IRAK4, IRAK1, TRAF6, and eventually IκB kinases. (wikipedia.org)
Downstream signaling entails the MyD88/IRAK cascade and the activation of NF-B-controlled genes involved in the rules of Ibuprofen Lysine (NeoProfen) antimicrobial defenses, such as the IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 genes (31). (institutopsicofarmacologia.com)

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an acute and persistent swine virus with a high economic burden that encodes multiple genes to evade host immune response. (mdpi.com)
To do so, MYC controls transcription of multiple genes involved in cell growth and metabolism, vasculogenesis, cell adhesion, and genomic stability. (ashpublications.org)

Activation of RANKL leads to increased expression of osteoclastic genes. (wikipedia.org)
During infection, expression and ligation of TLR5 and TLR2 are required for the activation of proinflammatory cytokines such as NF-κB. (wikipedia.org)
We, therefore constructed an in frame deletion mutant of dltX , without affecting the expression of the other genes of the operon. (frontiersin.org)
In cholangiocytes, CCN1 activated NF-κB through integrin α v β 5 /α v β 3 , leading to Jag1 expression, JAG1/NOTCH signaling, and cholangiocyte proliferation. (jci.org)
Altered expression of this gene has been observed in multiple human cancers. (cancerindex.org)
Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
There are several proposed mechanisms for resistance, including increased androgen receptor (AR) signaling caused by increased AR expression, gene amplification, gene transcription, and tumor growth. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
NF-κB activation by fluid flow, leading to expression of target genes such as E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, may regulate early monocyte recruitment and fatty streak formation. (rupress.org)
Interestingly, Toll activation in immune-challenged wild type (WT) flies reduced the expression of galactose-containing glycans. (sdbonline.org)
With regards to key ECM-related genes (Fig. 4 and Supplementary Materials: Fig. S1), higher expression degree of Col 1a1, 3a1, and 5a1 in SAT than in VAT was maintained for up to mature stage. (flapinhibitor.com)
Adipose tissue fat ratio and gene expression of PPAR, aFABP and key ECM molecules. (flapinhibitor.com)
2014, Vol. 10 ECM expression in cultured adipocytesTo talk about the in vivo regional variations and alteration of ECM expression, in vitro gene expression in adipocyte differentiation was investigated applying 3T3-L1 cells (Fig. 6). (flapinhibitor.com)
In vitro , RSV attenuated high glucose-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) expression and mesangial cell proliferation, as well as Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) activation. (hindawi.com)
CONCLUSIONS:TLR and RAGE expression and their ligands, signaling, and functional activation are increased in preterm birth and may contribute to the proinflammatory state. (shengsci.com)
Activation of Rac1 by shear stress in endothelial cells mediates both cytoskeletal reorganization and effects on gene expression. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, we show that activation of the small GTPase Rac is essential for gene expression and for providing spatial information for shear stress-induced cell alignment. (ox.ac.uk)
Additionally, Rac1 mediates flow-induced stimulation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the subsequent expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), an adhesion receptor involved in the recruitment of leukocytes to atherosclerotic plaque. (ox.ac.uk)
NF-κB also controls expression of the downstream IFN auto-amplification loop through STAT1, IRF-1, −5, and −7 transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Compared to WT macrophages, p58IPK deficient cells demonstrated significantly stronger activation of PKR, NF-κB, and JNK and higher expression of pro-inflammatory genes TNF-α and IL-1β. (docksci.com)
SAM's phase conversion to the reproductive stage is demonstrated by morphological changes accompanied by an alteration in gene expression [ 3 ]. (jabonline.in)
This transition leads to alteration in gene expression and organ production. (jabonline.in)
Systematic interrogation of gene function requires the ability to perturb gene expression in a robust and generalizable manner. (cdc.gov)
The signature of our top screening hits is significantly correlated with gene expression data from clinical melanoma samples. (cdc.gov)
These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, altering the extracellular matrix to promote p38 activation in cells on fibronectin suppresses NF-κB activation, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for treating atherosclerosis. (rupress.org)

Nitrooleic acid (OA-NO2) is an endogenous lipid product which has novel signaling properties, particularly the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. (shengsci.com)
The glomerulopathic light chains interact with mesangial cells where purported receptors regulate the downstream cellular mechanisms that will be activated and result in glomerular alterations. (heraldopenaccess.us)

The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-κB and stimulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. (wikipedia.org)

In contrast, activation of IRF3 and ISRE signaling upon stimulation with TRIFΔRIP, cGAS/STING or RIG-I-CARD remained unaltered. (mdpi.com)
Here, we also show that VACV virulence factor K7 binds directly to Spir-1 and that a diphenylalanine motif of Spir-1 is needed for this interaction and for Spir-1-mediated enhancement of IRF3 activation. (ox.ac.uk)

MYC/MAX heterodimers bind to specific DNA elements, designated as E-boxes, located in the promoter regions of target genes mediating either activation or repression of transcription. (ashpublications.org)
Tiling a given promoter region with several sgRNAs can produce more robust transcriptional activation 9 - 11 , but this requirement presents enormous challenges for scalability, and in particular for establishing pooled, genome-wide GOF screens. (cdc.gov)

Blockade of integrin α v β 5 /α v β 3 , NF-κB, or NOTCH signaling in WT mice also resulted in defective ductular reaction after BDL. (jci.org)
Flow-induced NF-κB activation is downstream of conformational activation of integrins, resulting in new integrin binding to the subendothelial extracellular matrix and signaling. (rupress.org)
This directional Rac1 activation is downstream of shear-induced new integrin binding to extracellular matrix. (ox.ac.uk)

Several IkB kinases IKKs which trigger IkB degradation and NF-kB activation were discovered in 1997-2000 Zandi et al. (dtic.mil)

We describe structure-guided engineering of a CRISPR-Cas9 complex to mediate efficient transcriptional activation at endogenous genomic loci. (cdc.gov)

Our project was focused on the role of IkB kinases IKKalpha, IKKbeta, and IKKepilson IKKepilson is called in the literature also IKKi due to its inducible nature in constitutive activation of NF-kB in prostate carcinoma PB cell lines and PC tumors. (dtic.mil)

0.05) decrease in high-glucose-induced NF-κB activity, suggesting an additive effect. (diabetesjournals.org)

Recruits, phosphorylates and/or activates several downstream effectors including SHC1, FRS2, SH2B1, SH2B2 and PLCG1 that regulate distinct overlapping signaling cascades. (biossusa.com)

Rational design of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells based on the recognition of antigenic epitopes capable of evoking the most potent CAR activation is an important objective in optimizing immune therapy. (nature.com)
however, Toll activation in response to infection leads to degalactosylation, which raises the immune response to an adequate level and contributes to the prompt elimination of pathogens. (sdbonline.org)

NF-κB was inhibited by overexpressing degradation-resistant mutant inhibitor of κB (IκB)-α. (biomedcentral.com)
We also synthesize a library consisting of 70,290 guides targeting all human RefSeq coding isoforms to screen for genes which, upon activation, confer resistance to a BRAF inhibitor. (cdc.gov)

Finally, the lack of correlation between DNA binding and transcriptional activation plus the fact that PP1 and genistein both inhibited kappaB-dependent transcription without affecting DNA binding activity demonstrate the existence of regulatory steps downstream of NF-kappaB DNA binding. (nih.gov)
I conclude by speculating about how our understanding of T-cell activation in chronic inflammation may influence future therapy, and discuss this in the context of the prevailing view that in a susceptible host, chronic inflammatory disease occurs through a failure of regulatory T cells to downregulate the inflammatory process. (biomedcentral.com)

NMDA-induced damage included neuronal cell death, microglial reactivity, upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and genes associated with IL1β-signaling in different types of retinal neurons and glia. (biomedcentral.com)

Single-cell transcriptome RNA sequencing coupled with functional T-cell proteomics analysis uncovers the top-upregulated genes that might be critical for the persistence of polyfunctional CAR-T cells in mice. (nature.com)
In conclusion, the findings of this study show that AG promotes cell survival of the OC cells and renders them resistat to Cis therapy, an effect that is mediated by the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and activation of NF- κ B, and requires GHS-R1a. (hindawi.com)
By using conditions that limited the progression of the poxvirus replication cycle, we observed that early gene transcripts activated PKR in RK13 cells, identifying a new PKR-activating mechanism of poxvirus infection. (elsevierpure.com)
After epidermal injury, barrier repair requires activation of many wound response genes in epidermal cells surrounding wound sites. (sdbonline.org)
A luciferase reporter assay was used to examine the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor kappa - light - chain - enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). (biomedcentral.com)
We could also show that low immunogenicity and Fas insensitivity of MYC-driven lymphoma cells are reversed by activation of NF-κB. (ashpublications.org)
During leukopenia ( 109 cells/liter), LPS activation of whole blood did not result in an increase in IL-8 levels. (institutopsicofarmacologia.com)

Activation of these genes results in robust osteoclast formation and bone loss. (wikipedia.org)

Two such genes in Drosophila encode the enzymes dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) and tyrosine hydroxylase (ple) . (sdbonline.org)

A mutation in this gene resulting in reduced cell proliferation, and impaired cell motility and polarity, and has been identified in patients with primary microcephaly. (cancerindex.org)
Diese Gene üben hauptsächlich Funktionen im Bereich von Apoptose, Proliferation und Inflammation aus. (tum.de)
Up-regulated gene-4 ( URG4 ), also known as upregulator of cell proliferation ( URGCP ), is overexpressed in multiple tumor types and has been suggested to act as an oncogene. (biomedcentral.com)

74 Nuclear factor (NF)-κB plays a pivotal role in mounting an inflammatory response. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)

These data reveal an imprecise relationship between IKK activation, IkappaBalpha degradation, and NF-kappaB DNA binding, suggesting the existence of additional mechanisms that regulate NF-kappaB activation. (nih.gov)

The physicochemical and conformational characteristics of the abnormal light chains are primarily responsible for the downstream events affecting the mesangial milieu. (heraldopenaccess.us)

PLCG1 also leads to NF-Kappa-B activation and the transcription of genes involved in cell survival. (biossusa.com)

We use these engineered Cas9 activation complexes to investigate sgRNA targeting rules for effective transcriptional activation, demonstrate multiplexed activation of 10 genes simultaneously, and upregulate long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) transcripts. (cdc.gov)

The NF-κB transcription factor is also linked to tumor initiation and progression. (ashpublications.org)

This leads to IkappaBalpha degradation and release of NF-kappaB. (nih.gov)
This was consistent with IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and degradation, yet TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB DNA binding was only 30-40% greater than for IL-1beta. (nih.gov)
IkappaBalpha complexes or degradation-independent release of NF-kappaB. (nih.gov)

Activation of JAK-1 and TYK-2 leads to phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. (cdc.gov)

This leads to transcriptional de-repression of PRC1-target genes and mitotic chromosome segregation errors. (escholarship.org)
In the present study, we demonstrate that IRE1α (also known as ERN1) and its downstream target, XBP1, are activated in skeletal muscle of mice upon injury. (elifesciences.org)

Activation of TLR5 in these patients leads to subsequent activation of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). (wikipedia.org)
Upon ligand-binding, undergoes homodimerization, autophosphorylation and activation. (biossusa.com)

Anatomy27

Organisms8

Diseases49

Chemicals and Drugs85

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes68

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Pathway25

Pathways17

Apoptosis10

Overexpression4

Proteins8

Protein15

Translocation4

Kinase6

Regulation3

Antiviral2

Innate2

Cytokine5

TLR43

Interferon2

Responses2

Inhibition4

Induces3

Activate3

MyD882

Multiple genes2

Expression24

Suppresses1

Receptors2

Tumor necro1

IRF32

Promoter2

Integrin3

IKKs1

Endogenous1

Kinases1

High-glucose-induced1

Activates1

Immune2

Inhibitor2

Regulatory2

Upregulation1

Cells7

Robust1

Drosophila1

Proliferation3

Inflammatory response1

Regulate1

Mesangial1

Survival1

Transcriptional activation1

Transcription factor1

Degradation3

Phosphorylation1

Target2

Ligand2