• Additionally, apoptosis and the degradation of intracellular organelles is mediated by caspase activation, particularly caspase-3. (wikipedia.org)
  • Expression of cell cycle inhibitors, P21 and P27, and activation of apoptosis executer enzyme, caspase-3, were also induced by TCEE. (hindawi.com)
  • This TCEE also demonstrates antitumor properties such as the induction of cell cycle arrest and activation of apoptosis on human colon, lung, melanoma, osteosarcoma, and pancreatic cancer cells [ 16 - 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • These include regulation of cell cycle, activation of mitochondrial pathway, induction of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, induction of apoptosis, modulation of oxidative stress, amelioration of inflammation, modulation of insulin signaling and inhibition of angiogenesis. (mdpi.com)
  • In the normal process of apoptosis, the enzymes caspase-8 and caspase-9 activate caspase-3, which initiates cell breakdown, leading to cell death. (cedars-sinai.org)
  • With caspase-3 activation blocked, apoptosis is halted and cancer cells grow uncontrolled. (cedars-sinai.org)
  • Whereas NGF promotes neuronal survival, extracellular proNGF can induce apoptosis by binding to receptor complexes comprised of sortilin and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75 NTR ), leading to activation of the apoptotic enzyme caspase-3. (jneurosci.org)
  • Caspase-3 (CPP-32, Apoptain, Yama, SCA-1) is a critical executioner of apoptosis, as it is either partially or totally responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of many key proteins such as the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (1). (cellsignal.com)
  • We previously demonstrated an approach (Antibody-antigen Interaction Dependent Apoptosis (AIDA)) whereby a single anti-β-galactosidase intracellular single chain Fv antibody fragment, fused to inactive procaspase-3, induced auto-activation of caspase-3 after binding to the tetrameric β-galactosidase protein. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • PARP [Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase] is a 116 kDa nuclear chromatin-associated enzyme that is cleaved during apoptosis by caspase-3 into a 24 kDa fragment containing the DNA binding domain and an 89 kDa fragment containing the catalytic and automodification domains. (novusbio.com)
  • The 24 kDa-fragment irreversibly bind to DNA and may contribute to the irreversibility of apoptosis by blocking the access of DNA repair enzymes to DNA strand breaks. (novusbio.com)
  • Purpose We tested whether positron emission tomography (Family pet) using the caspase-3 targeted isatin analog [18F]WC-4-116 could picture caspase-3 activation in response for an apoptosis-inducing anticancer therapy. (healthdisparitiesks.org)
  • CONCLUSION: Ellagic acid exhibited both antioxidant activity in V79-4 cells and apoptosis-inducing activity in HOS cells through the up-regulation of Bax and activation of caspase-3. (nutrimedical.com)
  • Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. (thermofisher.com)
  • Activation of upstream caspase-9, but not caspase-8, suggested that apoptosis proceeds via a mitochondrial pathway, followed by caspase-3 activation. (torvergata.it)
  • In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SA inhibits the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes following H/R injury via reduced activation of the p38MAPK and JNK signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Treatment of patient-derived fibroblasts with TNF-a resulted in reduced phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, enhanced activation of the pro-apoptotic enzymes caspase-3 and -7 and increased apoptosis compared to control cells. (mssm.edu)
  • Organic solvent-induced proximal tubular cell apoptosis via caspase-9 activation. (cdc.gov)
  • Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. (lu.se)
  • In addition, nuclear fragmentation and activation of apoptotic enzyme (caspase-3) and DAPI staining were used to detect the apoptotic effect of the compounds. (anadolu.edu.tr)
  • Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured in ellagic acid-treated V79-4 cells. (nutrimedical.com)
  • Hydrogen-rich saline also increased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD). (arvojournals.org)
  • In gliomas, however, several proteins that modulate these enzymes are overexpressed, resulting in down-regulation (reduction) of enzyme activity. (cedars-sinai.org)
  • It has been found that upon accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the mRNA of this gene is processed to an active form by an unconventional splicing mechanism that is mediated by the endonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1). (cancerindex.org)
  • Upon activation of SREBP-1 or -2, a ~480-500 amino acid, N-terminal cleavage fragment of these proteins enters the nucleus and activates transcription of enzymes and other proteins required for cholesterol synthesis. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Many tumour causing proteins, such as those expressed after chromosomal translocations or from point mutations, are intracellular and are not enzymes per se amenable to conventional drug targeting. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • likely involving the transcriptional activation of pro-apoptotic genes and their interaction with other proteins. (molcells.org)
  • The former contains the enzymes for novel benzene ring formation and phenoxazinone formation, and the latter contains enzymes belonging to a type III polyketide synthase and a cytochrome P-450. (go.jp)
  • The copper-depleted neuroblastoma cell line obtained showed decreased activities of the copper enzymes Cu, Zn super-oxide dismutase and cytochrome c oxidase with concomitant increases in reactive oxygen species. (torvergata.it)
  • TPEN-induced cytochrome C release into the cytosol and caspase-3 activation were also blocked by inhibition of PARP-1. (molcells.org)
  • Acute solvent exposure induced activation of cytochrome P4502E1 causes proximal tubular cell necrosis by oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)
  • The addition of copper sulfate to the copper-depleted cells restored copper enzymes, normalized antioxidant levels and improved cell viability. (torvergata.it)
  • enzyme assays verified caspase-3 activation. (healthdisparitiesks.org)
  • Confirmation of bDNA results were sought through western blotting and/ or enzyme activity assays. (cdc.gov)
  • Intracellular lectins and glycan-modifying enzymes mediate autophagy and control host immunity and inflammation. (nature.com)
  • These cytokines induce caspase-3 activation as an effector caspase that activates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and cause fibrogenesis [ 11 ]. (bsmiab.org)
  • As a result, MMP-7 levels decline, proNGF levels rise, and 75 NTR expression and caspase activation increase. (jneurosci.org)
  • In conclusion, these findings strongly suggest that determination of hepatocyte caspase activation in the blood is a strong and independent predictor of NASH in human subjects. (nih.gov)
  • To achieve this, we assessed proinflammatory cytokine expression, inflammatory cell infiltration, and expression of effector enzymes such as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) after intracerebral and intraperitoneal LPS challenges. (jneurosci.org)
  • C1QBP promoted the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxanthine catabolic enzyme XDH. (medsci.org)
  • The mRNA manifestation of catabolic factors was significantly upregulated by activation of rhRANKL in the presence of rhIL-1. (idplink.net)
  • Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of pesticides to either inhibit or induce xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Cancer progression is mainly driven by the genetic alterations in complex signaling pathways that leads to the activation of specific oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes 9 - 12 . (ntno.org)
  • An activation of alternative pathways implicating an up-regulation of downstream or upstream partners may be involved. (hal.science)
  • The temporal activity pattern of NAc neurons led the authors to hypothesize that the vmPFC excites NAc neurons that tonically inhibit unrewarded actions and indirectly inhibits NAc neurons whose phasic activation releases rewarded actions from inhibition following specific cues. (jneurosci.org)
  • The results obtained can be explained by excessive reduction of neurons containing NADPH-diaphorase, or by inhibiting the activity of this enzyme as a result of early social isolation / separation and indicate a connection between the early negative socio-emotional experience and the maturation of neurons containing NADPH-diaphorase. (ihna.ru)
  • Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes which undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme. (thermofisher.com)
  • Likewise, activity levels for a CYP1A1-specific substrate, luciferin CEE, demonstrated that CYP1A1 enzyme activities were maximally induced by 1 µM fipronil followed by dramatically declining activity measurements at 10 and 25 µM. (cdc.gov)
  • Chronic isolation did not significantly affect the activity of the enzyme. (ihna.ru)
  • In Octodon degu, the enzyme activity is increased in the cerebral cortex immediately after 24 days of isolation (starting at 21 days of age). (ihna.ru)
  • Pharmacological inhibition of cathepsin activity with CA074-Me resulted in a substantial reduction of both mature IL-1β production and caspase-1 activation in infected macrophages. (frontiersin.org)
  • Moreover, cathepsin inhibition abolished the interaction between NLRP3 and ASC, measured by immunofluorescence imaging in H37Rv-infected macrophages, demonstrating a critical role of the enzyme in NLRP3-inflammasome activation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Another found that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (rotuvastatin) treatment could be used as an alternative therapy to decrease oxidative stress parameters and liver enzyme activities [ 7 - 10 ]. (bsmiab.org)
  • Here, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) and its substrate transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) drive NK cell responses against viral infection and tumors in vivo. (cancerindex.org)
  • The key steps in the A-factor regulatory cascade, including afsA , encoding the key enzyme for A-factor biosynthesis, arpA , encoding the A-factor receptor, and adpA , encoding a transcriptional activator, are elucidated. (go.jp)
  • rhIL-1 activation significantly upregulated the mRNA manifestation level of RANK/RANKL/OPG. (idplink.net)
  • Previous studies have found that DIM can improve type 2 diabetes by enhancing glucose uptake through the activation of insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 cells, and by lowering the plasma glucose levels in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice [13, 14]. (researchgate.net)
  • RNAi-mediated knockdown of DICER1 and DROSHA, enzymes critically involved in miRNA biogenesis, has been postulated to affect the homeostasis and the angiogenic capacity of human endothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • In vitro imaging studies confirmed their enzyme-activatable therapy response tracking abilities both in cancer cells and tumor spheroids. (ntno.org)
  • To evaluate the influence of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) Mouse monoclonal to TNK1 activation within the mRNA manifestation of RANK, RANKL, and OPG, recombinant human being IL-1 (rhIL-1) was given in the tradition press of IVD cells. (idplink.net)
  • It is assumed that destructive changes in cultured nerve cells subjected to ischemia and reoxygenation are associated with the activation of caspase-3 (the data were obtained in collaboration with the laboratory of experimental neurocytology of the Research Institute of the Brain of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences). (ihna.ru)
  • Brain inflammation in animal models of these diseases is dominated by chronic microglial activation with minimal proinflammatory cytokine expression. (jneurosci.org)
  • Background Loss of function of fumarate hydratase (FH), the mitochondrial tumor suppressor and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme, is associated with a highly malignant form of papillary and collecting duct renal cell malignancy. (immune-source.com)
  • Enzymes of various catalytic functions in Streptomyces are useful as members of an artificial gene cluster constructed in Escherichia coli for fermentative production of plant-specific flavonoids, including isoflavones and unnatural compounds. (go.jp)
  • Although the mechanisms of gene activation are still unclear, ceramide's role as a messenger of cytotoxic response to chemotherapy might be linked to the MDR pathway. (sphingolipidclub.com)
  • Abnormal activation of this signaling pathway has been discovered in a wide range of human cancers which supports their aggressive growth, making this an attractive target for anticancer therapy 15 - 17 . (ntno.org)
  • Activation of caspase-3 requires proteolytic processing of its inactive zymogen into activated p17 and p12 fragments (2). (cellsignal.com)
  • Together, these proposals comprise the "microglial priming hypothesis," which predicts that microglia, primed by an existing pathology such as synapse, axon, or neuronal cell body degeneration or by amyloid deposition can be stimulated to an aggressive state of inflammation by secondary influences, such as infection and injury, and during this window of activation can exacerbate neuronal death. (jneurosci.org)
  • Fipronil mediated activation of caspase-3/7 in concurrence with compromised ATP production and viability are attributed to apoptotic cell death. (cdc.gov)
  • Conclusions Our findings suggest that DIM may improve insulin sensitivity through the activation of the insulin signaling pathway, leading to enhanced glucose uptake. (researchgate.net)
  • Overexpression and activation of p53 were early responses, leading to an increase in p21. (torvergata.it)
  • La Caspase3 semble donc jouer un rôle important dans la différenciation des CSMs. (hal.science)