Because the anatomic proximity of the vestibular labyrinth to the sound delivery system, they are also impacted by acoustic stimulation. (umc.edu)
The goal of the current project is to fill this important knowledge gap by examining the effects of noise exposure on vestibular end organ morphology and vestibular afferents' sensitivity to headrotation and linear translation. (umc.edu)
The vestibular and cochlear (acoustic) ganglia neuroblasts are derived almost exclusively from the otocyst epithelium, in contrast to other cranial sensory ganglia in which both ganglionic and neural crest placodes make extensive contributions to the neuroblast populations. (medscape.com)
Illustration showing that almost all neurons in the vestibular and acoustic ganglia are derived from the otocyst as placodal neurons. (medscape.com)
Dr. René H Gifford will discuss recent work on electric-acoustic integration in children and adults, and Dr. Sharon Cushing will discuss her work as a clinician on 3-D auditory and vestibular effects. (aro.org)
My research focuses on characterizing the biophysics of synaptic transmission between hair cells and primary afferents in the vestibular system. (aro.org)
For many years an outstanding question in vestibular physiology was how the transduction current in the type I hair cell was sufficient, in the face of large conductances on at rest, to depolarize it to potentials necessary for conventional synaptic transmission with its unique afferent calyx. (aro.org)
The common thread to the reported symptoms (known as "noise annoyance") is the activation of the startle reflex, which can be triggered by acoustic, vestibular, and tactile stimuli - which if activated together can have a synergistic effect (2). (friends-against-wind.org)
Baro-afferent neural traffic2
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the CMS effect is due a modulation of only early, automatic stages of stimulus processing by baro-afferent neural traffic, or if late stages are also affected. (uni.lu)
Cardiac Modulation of Startle Eye Blink: A Pre-Attentive Method to Assess Interoceptive and Baro-Afferent Neural Traffic [Doctoral thesis, University of Trier]. (uni.lu)
Efferent5
One effort focuses on an unusual cholinergic receptor that mediates efferent inhibition of hair cells, driving discovery of the molecular mechanisms, and offering a target for protection against acoustic trauma. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
a reference to a plexus of blood vessels having one afferent and one efferent trunk. (wordinfo.info)
Most patients claiming acoustic trauma had a specific type of result, 'hyper-PMTF' (psychoacoustical modulation transfer function), and abnormal test results of the efferent system. (noiseandhealth.org)
Sympathetic ganglia comprises the thousands of afferent and efferent nerve cell bodies that run along either side of the spinal cord, connecting major organ systems, such as the renal system, to the spinal cord and brain. (nih.gov)
Fibrous tracts join branches of afferent portal veins and efferent hepatic veins, bypassing the hepatocytes and limiting their blood supply. (msdmanuals.com)
Fibers4
In particular, sound-evoked spikes in auditory afferent fibers in vivo are phase-locked to sound frequencies up to 5 kHz, but it is not clear how hair cells can handle intracellular Ca 2+ changes with such high speed and efficiency. (jneurosci.org)
Given that phase-locking can be achieved in auditory afferent fibers for frequencies up to ∼5 kHz ( Taberner and Liberman, 2005 ), exocytosis from hair cells must be tightly controlled with sufficient temporal precision required. (jneurosci.org)
The similarity of action of the 2 drugs is probably due to the fact that both stimulate the reticular formation, amphetamine directly and LSD through an effect on afferent fibers. (erowid.org)
These are the sympathetic afferent fibers. (medmuv.com)
Neurons3
One hallmark embodying the auditory temporal precision is phase-locking, a phenomenon that the timing of spikes fired by single auditory neurons is synchronized and therefore phase-locked to acoustic cycles ( Heil and Peterson, 2017 ). (jneurosci.org)
A second topic concerns the small number of unmyelinated "type II" afferent neurons whose synaptic connectivity and response properties argue for a role as the pathway for noxious (too loud) sound. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Magnitude and temporal progression of wave I amplitude of afferent neurons correlate with susceptibility and resistance to audiogenic seizures. (nih.gov)
Visceral-afferent1
The CMS effect may be associated with visceral-afferent neural traffic, as it is reduced in individuals with degeneration of afferent autonomic nerves. (uni.lu)
Neural1
Interestingly, hair cell loss was not present in the frequency regions where elevated cochlear thresholds and central hyperactivity were measured, suggesting that subtle changes in hair cell or primary afferent neural function are sufficient for central hyperactivity to be triggered and maintained. (edu.au)
External acoust1
passes over mastoid canalicule of temporal bone and innervates the skin of external surface of auricle and posterior wall of external acoustic meatus. (medmuv.com)
Stimulation1
We can assume that the condition of the synapses, their strength, density and activity significantly depend on the kind and number of afferent stimulation patterns. (vm2g.cz)
Stimuli2
We, therefore, investigated early and late components of auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) to acoustic startle stimuli (105, 100, 95 dB), which were presented during the early (R-wave +230 ms) or the late cardiac cycle phase (R +530 ms) in two studies. (uni.lu)
The basilar membrane forms the inferior surface of the cochlear canal, and supports the organ of Corti, responsible for the transduction of acoustic stimuli. (cloudaccess.net)
Cochlear3
Extending the duration of the acoustic trauma from 1 to 2 hours did not result in significant increases in final cochlear threshold loss, but did result in a further increase of spontaneous firing rates in the inferior colliculus. (edu.au)
Our study suggests a pivotal role of Gipc3 in acoustic signal acquisition and propagation in cochlear hair cells. (nih.gov)
A cochlear inflammatory response is initiated in response to acoustic trauma and involves the recruitment of circulating leukocytes to the inner ear. (drsanu.com)
Sensory5
These findings reveal a transformation of sensory representations that occurs between layers within the auditory cortex, which could generate sequentially more complex analysis of the acoustic scene incorporating a broad range of spectrotemporal sound features. (jneurosci.org)
Sensory information from the periphery arrives in the cortex via thalamocortical afferents that terminate in the middle (thalamorecipient) cortical layers. (jneurosci.org)
phonematic integration (2 patients with sensory aphasia) and audioverbal retention (2 patients with acoustic-mnesic aphasia). (bvsalud.org)
We evaluate how acoustic and haptic sensory information generated at the moment of contact modulates the kinematic parameters of the movement. (cognitive-neuroinformatics.com)
Exploring Human Kinematic Control for Robotics Applications: The Role of Afferent Sensory Information in a Precision Task (Jaime Maldonado, Thorsten Kluss, Christoph Zetzsche), In IROS 2018: Workshop - Towards Robots that Exhibit Manipulation Intelligence, 2018. (cognitive-neuroinformatics.com)
1) In connexion with the formation of the acoustic nerve a group of cells becomes separated from the alar lamina of the hind-brain opposite the auditory vesicle. (co.ma)
These changes in micromechanics include depolymerization of actin filaments in stereocilia (in TTS), edema and swelling of stria vascularis, afferent nerve endings and supporting cells inside the cochlea. (drsanu.com)
Glutamate1
Acoustic overstimulation leads to excessive release of glutamate neurotransmitters in the cochlea. (drsanu.com)
Trauma5
Acoustic trauma caused by exposure to a very loud sound increases spontaneous activity in central auditory structures such as the inferior colliculus. (edu.au)
Two weeks after a 10-kHz pure tone acoustic trauma, a tight relationship was demonstrated between the frequency region of compound action potential threshold loss and frequency regions in the inferior colliculus showing hyperactivity. (edu.au)
For forty-six patients with pronounced tinnitus, and other symptoms, tentative diagnoses were established, including judgments of the influence of four causative factors: (1) acoustic trauma, (2) music, (3) suspected hereditary, and (4) nonauditory, for example, stress or muscular tension. (noiseandhealth.org)
One important example is musical professions [3] and another is military officers and servicemen who have been exposed to acute acoustic trauma. (noiseandhealth.org)
Acoustic trauma - Situation where a single exposure to an intense sound leads to an immediate hearing loss. (drsanu.com)
Brainstem1
These experiments will systematically investigate the mechanical effects of various types of OM and the effusions that accompany them, and determine how variations in OM influence degree of CHL and afferent auditory transmission at the level of the brainstem. (grantome.com)
Reflex1
The other patent involves the development of a hand glove device that alters the afferent limb of the gag reflex. (miamioh.edu)
Acute1
Aim 1 will determine if a non-invasive objective measure of tympanic membrane mobility, wideband acoustic immittance (WAI), can be used to differentially diagnose two common types of OM, Acute Otitis Media (AOM) from Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) as well as detect differences in effusion characteris- tics including effusion volume, viscosity, and purulence. (grantome.com)
Suggests1
The significance of these results in terms of the acoustic control of avian reproductive behaviour is discussed, and a comparison with the organization of VMH afferents in lizards suggests a homologous similarity of the caudal telencephalon in sauropsids. (listlabs.com)
Requires acoustic1
Sound perception requires acoustic signals to be encoded with extraordinary temporal precision up to ∼10 µs ( Hudspeth, 1997 ). (jneurosci.org)
Mechanisms1
The striking finding is, however, that the facilitation and disfacilitation is manifest in a somatotopic manner, yielding double dissociations on accuracies and reaction times, thus demonstrating a causal relationship between motor and acoustic mechanisms. (talkingbrains.org)
Primary1
Although much is known about the activation of escape circuitry by the primary afferent inputs that signal approach of predators, such as acoustic,acousticolateralis, visual and mechanosensory inputs, far less is known about how the same circuits are engaged by abiotic stressors such as high or low temperature, or anoxia. (biologists.com)
Auricle1
Upper part of Spinal nucleus of Trigeminal - Receives General Somatic Afferent ( GSA) fibres From skin of auricle. (gnosismedicalyoga.com)
Judgments1
Investigation of acoustic variables associated with listener judgments of foreign-accented speech. (miamioh.edu)
Signal2
Conditioned reactions (acoustic signal before the shock, the shock being later omitted) were maintained longer after LSD than after amphetamine and much longer than in the controls. (erowid.org)
Aim 2 will investigate how differences in OM effusion characteristics influence the quality of the afferent auditory signal and degree of conductive hearing loss. (grantome.com)
Function1
authors":{"en":[{"name":"Horikawa Kazuki"},{"name":"Nagai Takeharu"}],"ja":[{"name":"堀川 一樹"},{"name":"Nagai Takeharu"}]},"description":{"en":"Bioluminescence imaging of cellular function is a promising strategy. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
Motor1
Experimental results show differences in the achieved motor control precision and provide insights into the different weights given to haptic and acoustic information. (cognitive-neuroinformatics.com)
Type3
The study included only children with hearing thresholds below or equal to 15 dB, type A tympanometry, and presence of acoustic reflexes. (scielo.br)
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In collaboration with Dr. Art, I overcame the technical challenges of simultaneously recording from type I hair cells and their enveloping calyx afferent to investigate this question. (aro.org)
Sound1
Therefore, there is a phase difference between the sound waves entering the ears providing acoustic localisation cues. (wikipedia.org)
Large1
The large posterior (afferent) root is formed by means of a cellular bud from the alar lamina of the hind-brain. (co.ma)
Analysis1
Students learn a variety of research-based skills including acoustic analysis, experimental design, literature search and review, and data collection and analysis. (miamioh.edu)