• Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular disorder in which antibodies form against postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) located at the motor endplate of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). (medscape.com)
  • Most notably, Agrin is responsible for the clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the cell surface and their localization to the neuromuscular junction. (thermofisher.com)
  • 5 were stained with an anti-synaptophysin antibody (D and G) to label axon terminals and with BTX (E and H) to label acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). (wordnik.com)
  • The aim of the studies reported here was to characterize the effects of agrin on the distribution of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and cholinesterase as a step toward determining agrin's mechanism of action. (rupress.org)
  • Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies acting primarily against acetylcholine receptors (AChRs), and needs the high-dose and long-continued therapy with prednisolone (PSL) for its treatment. (fip.org)
  • Approximately 85% of MG cases spring from autoantibodies that target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction, and 10% from autoantibodies that target muscle specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) and low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4. (ajmc.com)
  • The number of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) present in the plasma membrane of muscle and neuronal cells is limited by the assembly of individual subunits into mature pentameric receptors. (inrae.fr)
  • Acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) were distorted and varicose presynaptic nerve terminals appeared in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of DET mice. (edu.hk)
  • Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular illness characterised by the manufacturing of antibodies in opposition to acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). (inacj.com)
  • New clusters of AChRs have been located at transmitting synapses within 3 hours after a competent neurite contacted a receptive myotube. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The accumulation of AChRs into agrin-induced aggregates occurred primarily by lateral migration of AChRs already in the myotube plasma membrane at the time agrin was added to the cultures. (rupress.org)
  • Nevertheless, the AChR clusters did not form, and both the number of AChR microclusters that precede full cluster formation and the myotube surface AChRs were reduced. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here, we show that L-type calcium channels (L-CaChs) are required for full agrin-induced aggregation of AChRs and sufficient to induce agrin-independent AChR aggregation. (nih.gov)
  • Agrin splice forms having inserts at two sites in the carboxy terminus designated "y" and "z" display a high affinity for AChRs, while splice forms lacking these inserts associate with AChRs weakly. (thermofisher.com)
  • When agrin was added to the medium bathing chick myotubes small (less than 4 micron 2) aggregates of AChRs began to appear within 2 h and increased rapidly in number until 4 h. (rupress.org)
  • p.107 left column bottom paragraph:'Two populations of AChRs, differing in their degradation rate and in their responses to stabilizing factors, exist in vertebrate muscle. (harvard.edu)
  • Rr AChRs are the predominant (~90%) receptor population synthesized in denervated and aneural embryonic muscle and normally degrade rapidly with a t1/2 of ~1 day (Levitt et al. (harvard.edu)
  • The alteration in the muscle involves the binding of nicotine to the muscle-specific AChRs. (oregonstate.edu)
  • The nicotine-induced alteration in muscle development does not occur in the zebrafish mutant (sofa potato, [sop]), which lacks muscle-specific AChRs. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Amman Center for Human Rights Studies (ACHRS) is an independent, regional, scientific, advocacy center for studies, research and training on issues of human rights and democracy in the Middle East. (wikipedia.org)
  • Three of five monoclonal antibodies (m.abs), all of which precipitated greater than 80% of HCM AChRs, precipitated less than 55% of the total TE671 AChR. (nih.gov)
  • Given that, researchers believe the thymus may trigger or help maintain the production of the harmful self-reactive antibodies that drive MG. This particularly is thought to be the case among patients with antibodies targeting AChRs. (myastheniagravisnews.com)
  • In some 'AChR seronegative' patients, thymic abnormalities associated with complement-activating antibodies binding only clustered AChRs have been demonstrated, and in others anti-muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) antibodies that show pathogenic effects in vivo. (unicamp.br)
  • Nicotinic AChRs may exist in different interconvertible conformational states. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, myasthenia gravis sera bound to TE671, and TE671 cell surface AChRs appeared to be similar to that of HCM. (nih.gov)
  • From a thorough analysis of a large volume of AChR trajectories obtained over a wide range of sampling conditions and long durations from 385 cells, we find the trapping potential U(x) and its effects on the drift velocity Vx(x) and diffusion coefficient Dx(x) of AChRs. (ncu.edu.tw)
  • The present study used Cre/LoxP technology to generate mutant mice that lack M4-¬-AChRs only in D1 dopamine receptor-¬-expressing cells to investigate the physiological relevance of mAChRs in this neuronal subpopulation. (nih.gov)
  • The ACHRS commends the European Union's commitment to a two-state solution and its firm stance on Israel's continued violations of international law and Palestinian human rights. (achrs.org)
  • ACHRS is one of the Human Rights Prize winners of 2023. (robinspost.com)
  • The expression of human recombinant α1β1γδ (γ-AChRs) and α1β1εδ AChRs (ε-AChRs) in Xenopus oocytes revealed that PEA selectively affected the rundown of ACh currents in ε-AChRs. (univaq.it)
  • In addition, the fetal AChRs seem to be the guide for the primary encounter of axon and muscle. (nih.gov)
  • First, In collaboration with the laboratory of Richard Scheller of Stanford University, we have examined the ability of the various forms of agrin to cluster the AChRs of cultured muscle cells. (nih.gov)